主动表被动的13种情况57738

主动表被动的13种情况57738
主动表被动的13种情况57738

主动表示被动的13种情况回顾

主动表示被动的13种情况回顾

各位同学国庆节快乐:

被动语态是英语学习中的主要语法项目,是高考每年必考项目。

要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。

在英语学习中,有许多地方按中文思维要用被动语态,但英语表达思维方式就必须用主动表被动,这对许多学生来说是一个难点,常常让他们感到不好学,不好掌握。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。在此小结如下13种主动表示被动的情况:

一、不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态常见动词是:cut, sell, read,write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。

1.This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。

2.These books sell well.这些书好卖。

3.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。

4.Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉

在这样热的天气里放不长久。

5.The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。

二、一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。

1.The apples taste good.

2.The flower smells wonderful.

3.The news proved/turned out true.

4.Cotton feels soft.

三、不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义: 用于此结构的常见形容词有:

hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,conve nient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,(便利的,方便的), 等。

1.The problem is easy to do.

2.The question is difficult to answer.

3.The box is heavy to carry.

4.The project is impossible to complete in a

year.

5.The question is difficult to answer.这个问题

很难回答。

6.The work is easy to do.这项工作很好做。

7.I found the car comfortable to ride in.我觉

得这种车很好坐。

8.They think it difficult to finish the work in

such bad weather.他们认为在这样恶劣的天

气里很难完成这项工作。

9.That makes poetry difficult to write.那就使

得诗很难写。

10.She was as easy to please as her father. 她如

她妈妈一样容易取悦。

四、Need, want, require(要求,需要), deserve(应得,值得), be worth值得),not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。

1.The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。

2.The old building requires repairing.这座古

建筑需要修了。

3.These young seedlings will require/need

looking after (=need to be looked after)

carefully.这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。

4. Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be

cut).你的头发该剪了。

五、不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系,不定式要用主动表被动含义。

五、不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系,不定式要用主动表被动含义。

1.I have much work to do.我有许多要做的事

情。(与work有动宾关系,与I有主谓关系)

2.Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在

找一间住的房间。(与room有动宾关系,与

Tom 有主谓关系)

3.He has a family to support.他要维持一个家

庭。(与family有动宾关系,与he有主谓关

系)

六、在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义:

1.Who is to blame for starting the fire?这场火

灾应由谁负责?

2.You are to blame for the accident.你应为这

事受动责备。

3.The house is to let.此房出租。

4.A lot remains to do.还剩下许多事情要做。

七、系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到), look(看起来),smell(闻起来)等, appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn

例如:

1.Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听

起来很合理。

2.Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良

药苦口。

八、一些与can''t(不能)或won''t(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开), act(上演), write(写),cut(砍,切),wear(穿,戴)等,用作不及物动词时,用主动表被动。例如:

1.The door won''t open.这门打不开。

2.It can''t move.它不能动。

九、一些动词如sell(销售) , wash(洗), clean(打扫), burn(燃烧), cook(煮)等与副词如well(好), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用,描会事物的特性,用主动表被动,结构是主语+动词+加副词。例如:

1.The book sells well.这种书很畅销。

2.These clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。

3.The pen writes well.这笔很好写。

十、主语much, a great deal, little, what等,其表语如是不定式,则用不定式的主动表被动。

1.What is to do?做什么?

2.Much is to do.太多要做的事。

十一、在“there be”句型中作主语的定语如果是现在分词时,所用的现在分词要用主动表被动意义。

1.There is nothing doing these days.这些天没

事干。

2.I see there’s a good idea planning. 我知道又

在打好主意。

十二、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:

fit, have, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch,agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 十三、不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand,

break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.

The fact remains to be proved.事实尚待证明

比较:rise, fall, happen是不及物动词;raise, seat

是及物动词。

(错) The price has been risen.

(对) The price has risen.

(错) The accident was happened last week. (对) The accident happened last week. (错) The price has raised.

(对) The price has been raised.

(错) Please seat.

(对) Please be seated.

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 一、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时,多数将主动句中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语,直接宾语作保留宾语;也可将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语作保留宾语,但这时保留宾语前多加介词to或for。如:He gave me a new watch.→1) I was given a new watch. 2) A new watch was given to me. 二、含有复合宾语且宾语补足语是名词的句子变为被动语态时,只能将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语,宾补不可变为主语。如:They call me Jim. →I am called Jim.(不可说:Jim is called me.) 三、主语为疑问词的疑问句变为被动语态时,用“By+疑问词(宾格)”置于句首。如: Who broke the glass? →By whom was the glass broken? 四、祈使句变为被动语态时,要改为“Let +原宾语+be+过去分词”。如:Close the window. →Let the window be closed. 五、带宾语从句的复合句变为被动语态时,多用it作形式主语置于句首,原宾语从句成为真正主语(从句),从句中也需用被动语态。如:People said that Lin Feng could take good care of the baby. → It was said that the baby could be taken good care of by Lin Feng. 六、含有谓语动词know的主动句变为被动语态时,不用by短语,需by改为to。如: We all know the scientist. →The scientist is known to us all. 七、no one、nobody等否定代词作主语的句子变为被动语态时,谓语

被动语态:主动表被动形式

被动语态:主动表被动形式 1) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同:Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) 2)当read, wash,clean, cook, cut, wear, carry,sell 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。

The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义) The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好) 另外,以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态: The vegetables are cooking.蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何? (3)某些表示开始和结束的动词(begin,start, finish, end等),当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时,可用主动形式表示被动意义: When does the concertbegin? 音乐会什么时候开始? The play ended at ten o’clock. 戏10点钟结束。

非谓语动词用主动表被动的八种情形

非谓语动词用主动表被动的八种情形 (1)不定式to blame, to let用作表语时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame?该怪谁呢? The house is to let.此屋出租。 (2)某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The question is difficult to answer.这问题很难回答。 Your writing is impossible to read.你的书写没法认。 Do you think the water is safe to drink?你认为这水喝起来安全吗? 【注】①这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式,但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有awkward, convenient,dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky,unpleasant等。 ②有时形容词后跟有名词,在名词后用作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义:It’s a difficult book to read.那是一本难读的书。 It is a pleasant thing to remember.这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。 ③有少数用于类似结构的形容词(如fit, ready, free等),其中的不定式用主动式和被动式均可: The water is not fit to drink [to be drunk].这水不适合饮用。 The letters are ready to post [to be posted].这信已准备好可以寄了。 (3)不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,则要用主动形式表示被动意义:

初中英语动词的主动语态和被动语态讲解

动词的主动语态和被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求: 中考要求掌握:动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用,不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态,主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者;被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如:We often clean the blackboard.(我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态)The blackboard is often cleaned by us.(黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态)。 1.被动语态的结构 一般现在时:am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时:was / were +及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时:will / shall be +及物动词的过去分词 现在完成时:have / has been +及物动词的过去分词 现在进行时:am / is / are being +及物动词的过去分词 过去完成时:had been +及物动词的过去分词 如:Youare wantedon the phone.有你的电话。 Chinawas liberatedin 1949. 1949年中国解放。 The problemwill be discussedtomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 Not a book in the libraryhas been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。 My bikeis being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。

The bookhad been borrowedwhen I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转换 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词),根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。 如:All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. →A tree was cut down by him. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他

主动形式表被动含义

我是英语专业的,或许能帮助你~!!楼主记得给分啊~!!2011—12--23 主动语态形式表示被动意义在初三英语教学当中,被动语态的学习是一个重点,学生常常在做选择填空和完形填空当中,会遇到一些用主动语态形式表示被动意义的题目,他们常常会犯一些错误。例如以下的一道选择题:The cotton very soft.(棉花摸起来很软)A、is felt B、feels C、was felt D、feel这道题的正确答案是B,而往往很多同学选择A。他们觉得应该用被动结构,其实这就是一个典型的“某些表示状态特征的系动词,就是用主动语态形式表示被动意义”的题目。为了避免学生再遇到类似的问题,犯同样的错误,本人觉得在初三复习当中,在不增加学生过多负担下,有必要将一些初中学生接触过的这一方面的内容,做一下简单的归纳。英语中主动语态形式并不都表示主动意义,有时可表示被动意义,因为被动语态不如主动语态用得普遍,在不引起误解的情况下,可用主动语态表示被动意义。常见的有以下几种情况。一、某些表示状态特征的系动词,如:look,sound,smell,taste等用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布料摸起来很软。The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美。The cake smells nice. 这蛋糕闻起来香。The meat tastes terrible. 这肉尝起来变味了。二、表示某些“需要、要求”意义的动词,如need、want、require等后的动名词的主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:The bike needs mending. 这辆自行车需要修理。Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。The story requires reading carefully.这篇故事需要仔细阅读。三、形容词worth后接的动名词用主动语态形式表示被动意义。The book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得读。The clock isn’t worth repairing. 这闹钟不值得修。The film is worth seeing. 这部电影值得一看。四、作表语的形容词,如difficult,easy,hard,nice,possible,impossible等之后的不定式作状语时,用主动语态形式表示被动意义。此时,不定式表示的动作与其主语一般为动宾关系。如:Is English difficult to learn? 英语难学吗?The maths problem is not easy to work out.这道数学题不容易解。I think apples are nice to eat.我认为苹果好吃。五、某些动词,如:lock,open,sell,wash等,特别是与副词badly,easily,well等连用时,常常用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:The door won’t lock. 这门锁不上。This kind of colour TV sells well. 这种彩电很畅销。Does the cloth wash well?这布耐洗吗?The shop opens at eight in the morning.商店早上八点开门。六、不定式作定语,与被修饰动词的名词或代词构成被动关系,表示被动意义。如:I have lots of homework to do today.今天我有许多家庭作业要做。I want to get something to drink. 我想弄点喝的。Would you like something to eat?你想要点吃的吗?当然“学无定法”,英语的学习不能靠死记规则,关键要提高语感,真正养成用英语思维的习惯,才能做到活学活用。

主动表被动的13种情况

主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 各位同学国庆节快乐: 被动语态是英语学习中的主要语法项目,是高考每年必考项目。 要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。 在英语学习中,有许多地方按中文思维要用被动语态,但英语表达思维方式就必须用主动表被动,这对许多学生来说是一个难点,常常让他们感到不好学,不好掌握。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。在此小结如下13种主动表示被动的情况: 一、不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态常见动词是:cut, sell, read,write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。 1.This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。 2.These books sell well.这些书好卖。 3.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。

4.Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉 在这样热的天气里放不长久。 5.The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 二、一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。 1.The apples taste good. 2.The flower smells wonderful. 3.The news proved/turned out true. 4.Cotton feels soft. 三、不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义: 用于此结构的常见形容词有: hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,conve nient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,(便利的,方便的), 等。 1.The problem is easy to do. 2.The question is difficult to answer. 3.The box is heavy to carry.

主动语态与被动语态相互转换

主动语态与被动语态句型转换 一、主动语态与被动语态相互转换,每空一词(含缩写)。 56. We call maths the language of science. (改为被动句) Maths _________ _________ the language of science. 57. Where did they plant trees (改为被动句) Where _________ trees _________ 58. You can borrow two books at a time.(改为被动句) Two books _________ _________ _________ at a time. teacher made the students copy the text.改为被动句 The students _________ _________ _________ copy the text. 60. They produce silk in Suzhou.(改为被动句) Silk _________ _________ in Suzhou. 61. They built a bridge between the two islands last year. (改为被动句) A bridge ________ ________ between the two islands last year. 62. A birthday party will be given tomorrow. (改为主动句) We _________ _________ a birthday party tomorrow. 63. John was seen to cross the street just now by someone.(改为主动句) Someone _________ John _________ the street just now. 64. Can another way be thought of to keep your wine or water warm(改为主动句) Can _______ _______ _______ another way to keep your wine or water warm 65. Too many trees are still being cut down in the USA. (改为主动句) _________ are still _________ down too many trees in the USA. 二、对划线部分提问,每空一词(含缩写)。 66. Jim has stayed in the college for five years. _________ _________ has Jim stayed in the college

主动形式表被动意义

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动名词主动表被动的三种类型

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主动语态变被动语态专题练习

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主动表被动的13种情况

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时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词 + 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式

。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义: 用于此结构的常见形容词 hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortabl e,convenient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,(便利的,方便的), 等。 1.The problem is easy to do. 2.The question is difficult to answer. 3.The box is heavy to carry. 4.The project is impossible to complete in a year. 5.The question is difficult to answer.这 个问题很难回答。 6.The work is easy to do.这项工作很好做。 7.I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 8.They think it difficult to finish the work in such bad weather.他们认为在这样恶劣 的天气里很难完成这项工作。 9.That makes poetry difficult to write.那 就使得诗很难写。

英语主动表被动用法归纳

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(完整版)主动语态变被动语态的几种类型

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语变为被动结构的主语,宾语补足语保留不动。可充当宾语补足语的有名词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、介词短语等等。如: 1.They call her Xiao Li.(主动结构,宾补为名词Xiao Li )~She is called Xiao LI.(被动结构) 2.They chose Tom monitor.(主动结构,宾补为名词monitor)~Tom was chosen monitor.(被动结构) 3.He told me to wait for you.(主动结构,宾补为不定式短语to wait for you)~I was told to wait for you.(被动语态) 4.I found him lying on the floor.(主动结构,宾补为现在分词短语lying on the floor)~He was found lying on the floor.(被动结构) 注意:在主动语态的句子中,谓语动词make的宾语补足语如果由动词不定式充当,则该动词不定式不带to。感官动词see,hear,watch等,也有这种用法。但当谓语动词是let时,其被动结构后的不定式仍不带to。例如: They made him go.(主动结构,宾补为不带to的不定式go)~He was made to go.(被动语态) They let John go.(主动结构)~John was let go.(被动结构) 三、含情态动词的主动结构变为被动结构

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初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

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关于主动形式表示被动意义

关于主动形式表示被动意义、动词形态不对应、动词的语态 1. 连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式。如: The building looks very beautiful. 这座建筑看上去很美。 Your idea proved to be wrong. 你的想法证实是错的。 2. 当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 3. 有的动词本身含有被动意味,通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如: Her coat caught on the nail. 她的大衣被钉子钩住了。 Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了眼泪。 4. 不定式to blame, to let 用作表语时,通常要用主动表被动。如: Who is to blame? 该怪谁呢? The house is to let. 此屋出租。 5. 某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。如: The book is difficult to understand. 这书很难懂。 The music isn’t pleasant to listen to. 这音乐不好听。 The picture is interesting to look at. 这幅画看起来挺有趣的。 注:这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式,但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky, unpleasant 等。

主动表被动

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