最新2018年虹口区高考英语二模

虹口区 2017 学年度第二学期期终教学质量监控测试

高三英语试卷2018.04

考生注意：

1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第 I 卷 (共 100 分)

I. Listening Comprehension

II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; f or the other blanks, use one word that best f its each blank.

Nook’s arrival, Good or Bad?

Book lovers, most of them, will tell you(21)_________ a pleasure it is to lend a favorite read to the friend the novel you stayed up all night to get to the end of ; the travel book that made you feel (22) _________you yourself w ere on a train ride through India. For a while it seemed that e-book users w ere to be denied this pleasure of lending to friends. You could buy a book or magazine for your reading device, but you couldn't lend it out.

But now, with the Nock, the US book chain Barnes and Noble's response to Amazon's Kind le, electronic readers will be ab le to have their latest literary enthusiasm(23) _________ (press) on their friends, just like readers of physical books can, You simply email the book from your Nook and your friend can read it for two weeks, (24) _________ (use) any device with the Barnes& Noble e-book reader software. It's a big improvement from previous e-book readers.

The Nook offers other features too. You read in black and white on the main screen. just like with Kind le. The difference is (25) _________on the lower part of the device there's a colour touch screen,(26) _________allow s you to browse through a book or a magazine , but goes black when you're not using it so that you save power.

(27) _________exciting thing about the Nook is that it offers Wi-Fi, arguably a big advance on previous e-book readers. Customers in the United States can use the Internet connection (28) _________ (read) whole e-books at Barnes& Noble for hundreds of bookstores for free. None of Barnes& Noble’s competitors can come close to this.

But the Nook, ironically,(29) _________ (turn out) to be a money-loser for Barnes& Noble,

or at least a job- loser for Barnes& Noble's employees. According to Marian Moniker at The Big Money Website,(30) _________the Nook is successful it might take sales from the company’s bookstores, eventually forcing their closure and the loss of thousands of jobs.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used

Foreign Giants Target Chinese Milk Market

European dairy products giant Arla Foods has chosen a leading Chinese milk manufacture as a business partner for its (31)________ in China – a clear sign that overseas companies are starting to cultivate huge China’s dairy market by tying up with local players.

Arla signed the cooperation (32) ________, which comes into effect this month, with Mengniu Dairy at the end of August to set up a milk-pow der joint venture in Hohhot, capital of North Chin a’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The deal between Arle Foods and Mengniu can be seen as a new (33) ________for Multinational’s re-entry into the sector.

Many foreign giants have found it difficult to create ( 34) ________profits in domestic milk market, especially the liquid-m ilk sector, which is followed closely by price wars and dominated by local (35) ________---companies like Danone, Kraft and Friesland Coberco have quitted dairy production in China.

A few have been successful ---Nestle, Inter, Bristo-Myers Squibb and Wyeth have (36) ________ the high-end milk-formula market in China.

“We will watch the market closely and re-invest here in a(n) (37) ________ time,” an official of the Dutch firm Friesland said w hen it (38) its investment in its Tianjin joint venture last year after eight years.

The company has (39) ________its Chinese partner to continue using its Dutch lady brand and also sells its imported Friso infant foods, Dutch Lady milk pow der and Dutch lady Calcimex in the Chinese market through its (40) ________ company in Hong Kong.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four word s or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Our modern working lives are ruled by the concept of competence(能力). The idea that lies

behind competence is quite simple: that one can state what people should do in behavioral terms,

and then _____41____ whether a person has succeeded in meeting that task or not. We rarely have

a second thought about whether the idea of measuring and achieving competence is a good one or not. _____42____ , it is a debatable one.

Humans do not learn or work in ways that can be measured by the _____43____ of competence.

Take the example of a barista who is being trained to make coffee. The job title of “barista” ____44_____ a degree of skill in making coffee. However, baristas in large coffee chains are usually trained through_____45____ qualifications. One part of these qualifications

is to produce a cup of coffee to meet a(n) ____46_____ standard. It might have to achieve a certain taste and appearance. This might seem perfectly reasonable, but there are two reasons

why such an approach to training baristas does not____47_____.

First, the production of a cup of coffee to a certain standard is a binary(二次元的) ____48____ . The baristas can either produce a coffee of a certain standard or they cannot. If they happen

to produce the best cup of coffee in the world, it does not matter, as competence-based training does not reward outstanding performance. _____49____, producing the worst cup of coffee would

be a fail in the same w ay as producing a cup just below the standard. In fact, competence is

not interested in the process of producing a coffee at all----only the final binary outcome.

Second, if the barista does produce a coffee to a certain______50___ , competence is not interested in why the barista can do that. But humans are not machines that _____51____ produce binary outcomes. We have bodies and minds which ____52_____ through learning.

Yet we are increasingly forced to ____53_____ competence in our schools and workplace. We

are not empty machines that simply produce binary outcomes. If w e w ant to be true human in

our learning and our workplace, we need to be _____54____ and special. Learning and innovation involve failure in aiming for something that is unusually good. Such things simply cannot be _____55____ by the standard of competence w here the mediocre(平凡的) is the gold standard.

41. A. question B. predict C. measure D. confirm

42. A. As a rule B. As a whole C. In other words D. In fact

43. A. impression B. concept C. value D. development

44. A. suggests B. assumes C. deserves D. inherits

45. A. society-based B. self-based C. pleasure-based D. competence-based

46. A. minimum B. unique C. traditional D. international

47. A. last B. work C. exist D. change

48. A. challenge B. appearance C. outcome D. practice

49. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. Likewise

50. A. agreement B. extent C. standard D. description

51. A. typically B. simply C. cheaply D. occasionally

52. A. alter B. expand C. create D. exhaust

53. A. handle B. classify C. transfer D. achieve

54. A. common B. sociable C. creative D. mature

55. A. judged B. achieved C. restored D. presented

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

William Herschel was born on November 15 th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th, 1822, and Caroline on September 1st, 1848.

Herschel's first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation (绕轴自转).Herschel struck fame in1781, when on March13th, he discovered the planet Uranus(天王星）while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax(恒星视差).This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, in honor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again, asking George III gave William and Caroline the titles of "The King5s Astronomer" and "Assistant to the king's Astronomer", an honor which came with a life's pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschel went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.

While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful. William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson5s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱)，and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared (红外线).In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.

56. Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by _____________.

A. discovering the planet Uranus

B. determining stellar parallax

C. discovering two moons of Uranus

D. uncovering the evidence for the infrared

57. It can be inferred from the passage that George III____________.

A. liked science and technology

B. liked Herschel's naming of the new planet

C. was interested in astronomy

D. gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions

58. What do we know about Caroline from the passage?

A. She was successful in music.

B. She was titled "The king's Astronomer

C. She died later than her brother.

D. She published two papers

59. This passage mainly tells readers____________

A. some information about Herschel and his sister

B. how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet Uranus

C. Herschel and Caroline got along well with each other

D. Herschel and Caroline's major scientific publications

(B)

OSCAR THEATR E

BOOKI NG

-in person

The Box Office is open Monday to Saturday, 10 am-8 pm.

-by post

Stating the performance and choice of seats, enclosing a cheque,

postal order, or your credit card details to Oscar Theatre Box Office,

PO Box 220, Main street. All cheques should be made payable to Oscar

Theatre

-by telephone

Ring 0844 847 2484 to reserve your tickets or to pay by credit

card (V isa, Master Card accepted)

-on-line

Complete the on-line booking form at www.oscartheatre com.

DISCOUNTS

Saver: $2 off any seat booked any time in advance for performances from Monday to

Thursday inclusive, and for all matinees (下午场). Savers are available

for children up to 16 years old, over 60sand full-time students.

Supersaver: half-price seats are available for people with

disabilities and one companion. It is advisable to book in advance.

There is a maximum of eight wheelchair spaces available and on w wheelchair space w ill be held until one hour before the show(subject

to availability)

Standby: best available seats are on sale for $6 from one hour

before the performance for people eligible(有资格的) for Saver and Supersaver discounts and thirty minutes before for all

other customers.

Group Bookings: there is a ten per cent discount for parties of twelve or more.

Schools: school parties of ten or more can book $9 tickets in advance

and w ill get every tenth ticket free.

Please note: we are unable to exchange tickets or refund money unless a performance is cancelled due to unforeseen circumstance.

60. When booking by post, you can pay for a ticket by ___________.

A. visiting the website of a post office

B. going to your local bank in person

C. enclosing your Master Card in an envelope

D. providing your credit card information

61. What benefit can bookers enjoy according to the text?

A. A group of ten adults going to a performance can claim a discount.

B. A school party of 15 persons that book in advance pay $135 in total for a performance.

C. Someone accompanying a wheelchair user to a performance receives a discount.

D. An 18-year-old teenager is eligible for Saver discounts.

62. According to the text,_________ can get Standby ticket.

A.65-year-olds buying tickets an hour and a half before a performance begins

B. full time students buying tickets 45 minutes before a performance begins

C. theatre-goers who are unexpectedly unable to be present at a performance.

D. anyone who buys tickets an hour before a performance begins

(C)

Here’s the scary thing about the identity-theft ring that the feds cracked last w eek: there was nothing any of its estimated 40,000 victims could have done to prevent it from happening. This w as an inside job, according to court documents.

A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop. That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million and rising.

Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket.

More than 700,000 Americans have their credit hijacked every year. It's one of crime's biggest grow th markets. A name, address and Social Security number --which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so there's little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, it's up to you to protect your identity.

The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves are opportunists, not w ell-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster diving