2020年河北衡水高中英语新高考语法学习讲义(040)情态动词need、dare用法知识点总结整理

2020年河北衡水高中英语新高考语法学习讲义(040)情态动词need、dare用法知识点总结整理
2020年河北衡水高中英语新高考语法学习讲义(040)情态动词need、dare用法知识点总结整理

2020年河北衡水高中英语新高考语法学习讲义(040)

【答案选A】在must的问句中,否定回答应该用needn't。

2. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning.

A. mayn't

B. can't

C. mustn't

D. needn't

【答案选D】根据句意:因为你昨天工作到很晚,所以今天上午本不必来的。

2. 用于虚拟句中。如:

We needn't have hurried.

我们当时不必那么匆忙。

You needn't have come.

你本不需要来。

例题:

The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.

A. should have taken

B. could have taken

C. needn't have taken

D. mustn't have taken

【答案选C】根据题意:“昨天天气后来不错,我不嫌麻烦带了把伞,但是我本来不需要带。”应该用needn't have done 来表达,needn't have

done 表示“(过去某件事)本来不必做(而实际上已经做了)”,should have done 表示“过去某件事本应该做(而实际上没有做)”,could have done 表示“本能够做某事(而实际上未做)”,mustn't 不用于否定式中表推测。take the trouble to do sth.表示“不怕费事或不厌其烦做某事”。

3. need用作实义动词时,它有动词的全部形式,即现在时单数第三人称needs,现在分词needing 以及过去式和过去分词needed,后跟带to 的不定式或ing 形式,可用于任何句式。如:

The car needs cleaning.=The car needs to be cleaned.

车需要清洗了。

You don't need to hurry. You have enough time.

时间足够,你不必着急。

Does your mother need any help?

你妈妈需要帮忙吗?

We need some more money.

我们还需要些钱。

Harry said the window needed cleaning.

哈里说窗户该擦了。

情态动词dare

dare 的用法

dare既可用作情态动词,也可作实义动词。

dare用作情态动词,它只有一种形式,后跟不带to的动词不定式,表示“敢于”,指现在或过去,多用于疑问句、否定句、条件句或表示判断的句子。如:

Dare you jump down from the tree?

你敢从树上跳下来吗?

How dare you be so rude?

你怎么敢如此无理?

We wonder whether he dare try.

我们不知道他敢不敢试一试。

I dare say Quentin will come.

我敢说昆廷会来的。

Mike said he dare not tell her the bad news.

麦克说他不敢告诉她这个坏消息。

I wonder whether he dare do it.

我想知道他敢不敢去。

How dare she do things like that to me?

她怎么敢对我做那种事?

-Dare you catch the mouse?

你敢去抓那只老鼠吗?

-I daren't do that.

我不敢抓。

If you dare say that to our teacher, I would vote for you.

如果你敢向我们的老师说那件事,我就投你一票。

dare用作实义动词,它有动词的全部形式,后面要跟带to的不定式。如:

Beata didn't dare to go by herself.

贝亚特不敢一个人独自去。

Loren dared to say no more.

劳伦不再敢说什么了。

Do you dare to walk in the dark?

你敢在黑夜走路吗?

He dared to go.

当时他敢去。

He dares any danger.

他敢于冒任何风险。

I dare to jump down from the top of the wall.

我敢从那墙头上跳下来。

She doesn't dare to meet her teacher's eyes.

她不敢与老师对视。

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(一) 情态动词常考点 (一) 表能力 can be able to will be able to could was/ were able to could have + ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?表示现在的能力 :表示将来的能力 表示过去的能力 过去分词:表示过去有能力做但未做 如:I am starving to death 。I can eat two bowls of rice now 。 (现在的能力)我快饿死了,现在我能吃两碗米饭。 If you have a good sleep ,you will be able to work out this problem 。 (将来的能力)如果你好好睡一觉,你将能够解出这道题。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out 。 (过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事)尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆,但是每个人都能够逃出 去。 I could have worked out the problem ,but I didn ’t 。 (过去有能力做但未做)我本来可以解决这个问题,但没有解决。 (二) 表推测(可能性) 1. 可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的(理论的)可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生,此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的(理论的)可能性,而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时,can 一般不用于肯定句。如: Accident can happen on such rainy days 。 这样的多雨天气有可能会发生事故。(客观的可能性) Peter may come with us tonight ,but he isn ’t sure yet 。 彼得今晚可能和我们来,但他还没确定。(实际可能性,不用can ) 2. 表示具体事情实际发生的可能性: (1)表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的层次比较 (2)表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时,may ,must 常用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句和疑问句(may not 表示“可能不”);can 常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中,表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思;could 既可用于肯定句,又可用于否定句、疑问句中。如: This can ’t/ couldn ’t be done by him 。(表不相信) 这不可能是他做的。 This may not be done by him 。(表不确定) 这可能不是他做的。 He could be on his way home now 。(could 不如may/ might 常用) 他现在可能在回家的路上。 Can this be done by him ?(表示疑惑、惊讶) 这可能是他做的吗? Mr. Bush is on time for everything 。How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ?(表示疑惑、惊讶) 布什先生做每件事都很按时。他怎么可能在开幕仪式上迟到呢? I didn ’t hear the phone 。I must have been asleep 。(表肯定) 我没听到电话。我肯定已经睡着了。 3. would ,could ,might 并不一定与过去时间有关,而是表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在时形式。另外should 也不一定与过去时间有关。如: This may/ might be done by him 。(后者比前者语气弱)

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【新高考】高三英语语法讲解及练习题:情态动词

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初中英语语法情态动词用法大全

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