英语语法连词
连词的定义：
连词是连接字、短语、从句与句子的词，是虚词，因此它不能独立担任句子成分。连词主要分为两大类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、词组或分句。它包括：and，or，but，so，for，both…and，either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also。
从属连词用来引导从句，它包括：that，when，till，until，after，before，since，because，if，whether，though，although，so…that，so that，in order that，as soon as
并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：
(1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。
(2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。
(3)表转折关系的but, while等。
(4)表因果关系的for, so等。
1并列连词
1 and：和，并且
I like basketball，football and table-tennis.
我喜欢篮球、足球和乒乓球。
1.基本用法
and表示“和”、“而且”的意思，用来连接对等关系的字和字，片语与片语，句子与句子。He got up and put on his hat.
他站起来，戴上了帽子。
I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park.
我去颐和园，他去北海公园。
注意
单词或词组如果是三个以上连接，一般在最后的单词或词组前加and。另外“and”在译成中文时不一定要翻译出“和”来。
2.特别用法：and在祈使句中的作用
句型：祈使句，and…=If you…，you'll…
Use your head，and you'll find a way.
动动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。
=If you use your head，you'll find a way.
如果你动动脑子，你就会想出办法。
Hurry up，and you'll catch the bus.
快点，你就会赶上公共汽车。
=If you hurry up，you'll catch the bus.
如果你快点，你就会赶上公共汽车。
2 or：或，或者，否则
Is Li Ming from Beijing or from Shanghai.
李明是北京人还是上海人呢？
1.基本用法
or表示“～或”的意思，使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。
Would you like coffee or tea？
你喜欢咖啡还是茶？
Tom or I am right.我或者汤姆是对的。
Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room.
李明或者是他的同班同学在打扫房间。
注意
“A or B”作主语时，谓语动词随or后面的词（B）而定，因此例子中的谓语动词服从I，用am。
2.特别用法
句型：祈使句，or…=If you don't…，you'll…
同and一样，or在祈使句中的用法，译成“请…，否则…”，有转折的意思。
Hurry up，or you'll miss the bus.
快点吧，否则你就会误了公共汽车。
=If you don't hurry up，you'll miss the bus.
如果你不快点，你就会误了这班车。
Study hard，or you'll fail in the exam.
好好学吧，否则你考试就会不及格。
=If you don't study hard，you'll fail in the exam.
如果你不努力学习，你考试就会不及格。
注意
or疑问句的读法or前面的部分用升调，后面的部分用降调。
3 but：但是，可是，而
He is old，but he looks very young.
他老了，但他看起来很年轻。
Li Li likes violin but doesn't like piano.
李莉喜欢小提琴，（但是）不喜欢钢琴。
（but 后面省略了主语Li Li，因为与前面的主语成分相同）
Mary likes violin，but Tom doesn't.
玛丽喜欢小提琴，而汤姆不喜欢。
（doesn't后面省略了like violin，因为与前面的成分相同）
He isn't a teacher but a doctor.
他不是（一个）老师，而是医生。
They came here not for money but for the life.
他们到这儿来，不是要钱，而是要命。
注意
but所连接的句子，句中如果某些成分与前面相同，则可以省略。
4 so，for
It began to rain，so we had to stay here.
开始下雨了，我们不得不呆在这儿了。
1.so：所以，因此，于是
My teacher asked me to go，so I went.
我们老师让我去，因此我就去了。
比较
so除了作连词外，也可以作副词。
I hope you can pass the exam.
我希望你能通过考试。
I hope so.我也希望。
Don't walk so fast.别走得太快。
2.for：因为
I soon went to sleep，for I was tired.
我很快就入睡了，因为我太累了。
The sun has risen，for the birds are singing.
太阳升起来了，小鸟在唱歌。
比较
for和be cause for也可译为“因为”，但是它没有什么因果关系，不像because那样，而for 只是说明解释而已。
5 both…and：和，既……也……
He can play both the violin and the piano.
他既会拉小提琴，又会弹钢琴。
1.《both…and…》构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Both Li Ming and Li Li are good students.
（Li Ming和Li Li都是人，所以两者对等）
李明和李莉都是好学生。
注意
在《both…and…》句型中，and连接的词或词组要对等。
2.《both…and》的否定句表示部分否定。
He can't play both the violin and the piano.
他会拉小提琴或者会弹钢琴。（不全会）
Both Li Ming and Li Li are not good students.
明和李莉不都是好学生。（其中一个是好学生）
6 either…or，neither…nor
I want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai.
我想参观天津或者上海。
I like neither English nor Chinese.
中文和英文我全不喜欢。
1.either…or：或……或……；不是……就是……
a.《either…or…》构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词随其邻近的词，即or后面的词而定。Either you or he is right.
不是你，就是他是对的。
b.此句型的否定句是全否定。
Either you or he isn't right.你和他都不对。
I don't want to visit either Tianjing or
Shanghai.天津和上海我都不想参观。
2.neither…nor：既不……也不……
a.当此词组担任主语时，谓语动词的用法和either…or的用法一样，由nor后面的词而定。Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不对。
b.此句型本身是全否定，因此不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。
（×）Neither You nor I am not right.
比较
both …and ,either…or ,neither …nor 这三个句型的相互关系如下：
1．肯定句：I like both A and B．我喜欢A和B。
I like both coffee and tea.
我喜欢咖啡和茶。（茶和咖啡我都喜欢）
2．否定句：I don't like both A and B. =I like either A or B.
我不喜欢A 或B。
I like either coffee or tea .
咖啡和茶，我喜欢一样儿。
=I don't like both coffee and tea .
3．I don't like either A or B .=I like neither A nor B.
A和B 我都不喜欢。
咖啡和茶，我都不喜欢。
I like neither coffee nor tea .
I don't like either coffee or tea .
7 not only…but also：不但……而且
（1）Not only you but also your father is coming.
不但你，而且你父亲也要来。
（2）Jane is not only beautiful but also kind.
珍妮不但漂亮，而且人非常好。
1.基本用法：《not only…but also》担任主语时，此句型的谓语动词随but also后面的部分而定，参见上文例（1）。
另外not only…but also连接对等的词或词组；例（1）you（你）和your father（你父亲）都是人。例（2）beautiful（美的）和kind（亲切、慈祥）都是形容词。
2.该句型可以和“as well as”互换，但注意汉语翻译。
Your father as well as you is coming.
不但你，而且你父亲也要来。
注意
as well as的句子谓语动词随它前面的词“Your father”而定，所以用is coming.
Jane is kind as well as beautiful.
珍妮不但漂亮，而且为人很好。
2 从属连词
常见的从属连词有：
(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。
(3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。
(4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。
(5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。
(6)引导结果状语从句的so that, so…that, such…that等。
(7)引导比较状语从句的than, as…as等。
(8)引导名词从句的that, if , whether等。
1 that
I think（that）he likes football.
我想他喜欢足球。
that引导名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句）和定语从句，本书只介绍宾语从句。
1.that在宾语从句、间接引语中可以省略，主句与从句时态一致。
I think（that）he is tired.我想他累了。
I thought（that）he was tired.
注意
要特别注意主句与从句时态的呼应。如果主句是过去时，从句一律改为过去的时态，详见第二十章宾语从句。
2.如果主句的动词是think，believe…；如果主句的主语是第一人称，变为否定句时，要否定主句，译成中文时，则否定从句。
I believe you will leave here.
我相信，你会离开这儿的。
I don't believe you will leave here.
我相信，你不会离开这儿的。
必背！
I hope that～我希望～
I think that～我认为～
I say that～我说～
I know that～我知道～
I find that～我发现～
be afraid that～恐怕～
be sure that～确认～
be glad（happy）that～很高兴～
（以上的that都可以省略）
2 when，while，till，until，since…
When he arrives there he will call you.
他到达那儿以后，他会给你打电话。
when，while，till，until，since，after，before，as soon as等是连接时间状语从句的连词。在时间状语从句中要特别注意时态的搭配：当主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时。注意
while所引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的，不能用点动词。（如begin，stop…）When I arrived there，it was raining.
当我到那儿时，天正在下雨。
I entered the room while（when）Li Ming was talking with her.
我进屋时，李明正在和她谈话。
I didn't go to sleep until（till）I finished my homework.
直到我做完作业，我才上床睡觉。
We won't work until（till）our teacher teaches us how to do it.
老师教给我们如何做这工作之后，我们才会开始做。
He came to China after the war was over.
比较
连词连接从句不同，意思不同。
He had been in China before the war was over.
战争结束前，他已经在中国了。
=The war was over before he came to China.
=The war had been over before he came to China.
战争结束后，他来到中国。
I have learned more than two thousand English words since I began learning English two years
ago.
自从两年前我开始学习英语以来，我已经学习了两千多个英语单词了。
注意
since引导的是一个过去时的句子，说明自当时以来到现在（自从两年前以来），主句一般要用现在完成时。
As soon as I get enough money，I'll buy it.
我一得到足够的钱，就买它。
3 because：因为，连接原因状语从句
She didn't go there，because she was ill.
因为她病了，所以她没去那儿。
1.回答Why问句时，只能用because，不能用for或as.
Why are you late？
你为什么迟到？
Because I met a traffic accident on my way here.
因为在我来这儿的路上，遇到了车祸。
2.汉语中，我们经常说因为……所以，但在英文中有了because，就不能再用so。
（×）Because he was tired，so he couldn't walk there.
因为他累了，所以他不能走到那儿了。
4 if，though （although）
If it doesn't rain，we'll go to the park.
如果不下雨，我们就去公园。
Though I was tired，I still worked hard.
虽然我很累，可是我仍然努力地工作。
1.if：如果（引导条件从句）
You can pass the exam if you study hard.
如果你努力学习，你会及格的。
2.though，although：虽然（引导让步状语从句）和原因状语从句一样，如果用了though，although （虽然）就不能再用but（但是）。
Although（Though）I live near the sea，I'm not a good swimmer.
=I live near the sea，but I'm not a good swimmer.
虽然我住在海边，可是我游泳并不好。
注意
注意时态一致，和时间状语从句一样。主句是将来时之时，从句要用一般现在时。
5 so…that：太……以致……
He is so old that he can't work. = He is too old to work.
他太老了，不能工作。
The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.
=The box is too heavy for me to lift.
箱子太沉了，我抬不起来。
The girl is so beautiful that everybody likes her.
这个小女孩太漂亮了，每个人都喜欢她。
注意
注意此句型与too…to的互换。
so…that在肯定句中不能转换成too…to…。
三连词比较
I and 与or
1) 并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。
2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：
There is no air or water in the moon.
There is no air and no water on the moon.
在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。
典型例题
---I don't like chicken ___ fish.
---I don't like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.
A. and；and
B. and；but
C. or；but
D. or；and
答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。
判断改错：
(错) We will die without air and water.
(错) We can't live without air or water.
(对) We will die without air or water.
(对) We can't live without air and water.
3 )表示选择的并列结构
(1) or意思为"否则"。
I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.
(2) either…or意思为"或者……或者……"。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。
Either you or I am right.
判断改错：
(错) They sat down and talk about something.
(错) They started to dance and sang.
(错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对) They sat down and talked about something.
(对) They started to dance and sing.
(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析：
第一句：and 连接两个并列的谓语，所以talk 应改为talked。
第二句：and 连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang 应改为sing。
第三句：and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。
注意：and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）
Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.
= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.
One more effort, and you'll succeed.
= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.
II but表示转折，while表示对比。
Some people love cats, while others hate them.
典型例题
--- Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
--- I'd like to, ___ I'm too busy.
A. and
B. so
C. as
D. but
答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。
III so, therefore
He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.
注意：
a. 两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore, then, yet.可以和并列连词连用。
You can watch TV, and or you can go to bed.
He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldn't play in the game.
b. although…yet…，但although不与but连用。
(错)Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work..
(对)Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work.
IV 比较so和such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副
词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭配。
so + adj.such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n.such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.)such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数]such +n. [不可数]
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers such nice flowers
so much/little money.such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。
so…that与such…that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换。
Ｅg :The MP3 cost me ________ money that I ccouldn't afford to buy it .
A .so much .
B .such much
C .so many
D . such many .(Key :A )
注意:too .... to .. ,so ..... that .... , such .... that .... , enough ..... to ...., 的互换．
so that to = in order to /that 的用法．
Eg A .He is too young to go to school.
B .He is ____ a young boy _____ he ____ go to school .
C .He is ____ young ____ he ____ go to school .
D .He isn't ______ _______ ______ go to school (Keys :B :such , that , can't C :so ,that ,can't .D : old ,enough to )
易错分析：
①关于not…until
He stayed there until it was very late.
句中，stay是可延续性动词，所以不用not。
He didn't leave until it was very late.
句中，leave是不可延续性动词，所以用not
②because, so；although, but
上面已经提到，because和so及although和but不连用。
例如:
Because he was late, he didn't catch the first bus.
一定不可以说
Because he was late, so he didn't catch the first bus.
③or还是and
祈使句＋or＋陈述句前后是对立的
祈使句＋and＋陈述句前后是统一的
(or或and后的陈述句，常用一般将来时)
Study hard, or you won't pass the exam.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.
两句都可以转换成“If条件句＋主句”形式，注意：要去掉or和and：
If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
④because, since, as, for表示原因时的区别
尽管because, for, since, as都表示原因，但是用法上有不同.
because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或者原因是听话人所不知道的.
如:
He didn't attend the meeting because he had too much work to do.
since表示的原因是人们已知的事实，常译作“既然”。
如：
Since he can't answer this question, you'd better ask someone else.
as表示原因与since差别不大，只是语气更弱,多译为“由于”
如：
As I haven't seen the film, I can't tell you what I think of it.
for表示因果关系时，只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首。而且经常是对主句补充说明理由或推断原因。
如：
It rained last night, for the ground is wet.
⑤as, when, while
这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。
1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：
As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.
2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如：
While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.
3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：
As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.
4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边…一边…”时，最常用as。例如：
Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.
She looked behind from time to time as she went
5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：
When he finished his work, he took a short rest.
6) 当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.
（6）if, whether
if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.
I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.
1) 引导主语从句时。例如：
Whether he will come to the party is unknown.
2) 引导表语从句时。例如：
The question is whether I can pass the exam.
3) 在不定式前。例如：
I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.
高中英语语法大全
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
初中英语语法之连词练习题
连词 (一) 正误辨析 1、［误］Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. ［正］Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. ［析］在英语中both一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确"。 2、［误］He or his parents has some tickets for the film. ［正］He or his parents have some tickets for the film. ［析］由or 连接两主语时，谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。 3、［误］You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam. ［正］You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam. ［析］or作为连词，这里的意思为"否则"。又如：Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 4、［误］Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［正］Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. ［正］He is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［析］"虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是"，用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然"，二者只可用其一。 5、［误］Either you or I are on duty. ［正］Either you or I am on duty. ［析］either…or 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。 6、［误］Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. ［正］Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now. ［析］并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。 7、［误］My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. ［正］My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. ［析］由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词，如用不定式则都应用不定式，这是初学者要注意的一点。 8、［误］My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. ［正］My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. ［析］两个并列句中间不可用逗号连接，要用并列连词来连接。 9、［误］My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［正］My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［析］宾语从句的连接词只能有一个不能重复使用。 10、［误］We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. ［正］We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. ［析］用both…and…作连接词时，其相连接的部分结构也要相同。 11、［误］Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. ［正］Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. ［析］由not only…but also…连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。
初二英语语法总结
初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do?
英语语法大全 连词
英语语法大全:连词 连词（Conjuction—conj.） 定义用以连接句子中的单词、短语、从句，或连接句子和句子的词叫做连词。例如： and（和），but（但是），so（所以），or（或者），… that，because（因为），since（既然），… 连词的表达功能如下： （1）并列功能（“+”代表连词） （a）词+词 boys and girls（男生和女生） you and I（你和我） poor but happy（贫困的，但是快乐） （b）短语+短语 in the city and in the country.（在城市和在乡村） by bus or by train（乘公共汽车或乘火车） （c）从句+从句 例：He is not very bright but he studies hard. （他并不聪敏，但是他很用功。） 例：I didn't have breakfast this morning, so I am hungry now. （今天早晨我没吃早餐，所以我现在饿了。）解说表达并列功能的连词叫做并列连词（Coordinate Conjunction）。并列连词两端的词的词类必须相等。又如“词+短语/从句”或“短语+词/从句”等也都不成立。 （2）从属功能 请先了解什么叫做从句（Subordinate Clause.）
本身不能独立表达完整的意思而只在句子中作句子结构的一部分者叫做从句。用以连接从句使其在主句中发挥表达功能的词叫做从属连词（Subordinate Conjunction）。 as，when，since，that，who，which，what，… 例：I know that he is a very good student. （我知道他是一个很好的学生。—“that…”是名词从句作“know”的直接宾语。） 例：People who use free time well are usually healthy and happy. （善于利用空闲时间的人通常都是又健康又快乐。—“who…well”是形容词从句修饰其前面的名词“People”。） 例：Many people enjoy reading when they have free time. （许多人有空闲就喜爱阅读。—“when…time”是副词从句在修饰动词“enjoy”。）
大学英语语法及练习
大学英语语法及练习 Last updated at 10:00 am on 25th December 2020
大学英语语法及练习 第一讲虚拟语气 I. 考点分析：分四级语法复习 虚拟语气是动词的特殊形式，用来表达说话人的意愿、建议、请求、意图、惊奇、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况，以及在说话人看来实现的可能性很小的情况。 虚拟语气是非常重要的语法考点。考查历届四级试题，我们发现与虚拟语气有关的考题每次至少2题，有时甚至3-4题。虚拟语气的考查要点有： 1. 虚拟语气的形式：分清虚拟时间和主从句的动词形式十分重要，因此我们把所有虚拟语气的不同类型列表归纳并进行对比，以便于同学们记忆掌握。
2. 要注意从句中第一/三人称的过去式was用were代替。 例如：If I were invited, I would come. If she were not ill, she could do a lot of things. 3. if条件句中如谓语动词是were, had, should, could时，可以省略if, 把它们前置。
例如： Had my father a lot of money, he would send me abroad. Could I do it, I would surely do it. Should the Black Death reappear, what should we do?（万一黑死病再次出现，我们该怎么办） 4. 错综时间的条件句是难点，如99年1月第60题: If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you wouldn’t be smiling now.（从句用过去完成时，主句用现在进行时） 又如：If I were you, I would have gone to the film last night.(从句虚拟现在，主句虚拟过去)；If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.(从句虚拟过去，主句虚拟将来)； If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句虚拟过去，主句虚拟现在) 5. 虚拟句的另一难点是省略if条件句的含蓄条件句，如： I would have written the paper before, but I have been ill.(=If I had not been ill, I would have written the paper before.); A true friend would have acted differently. (=A friend, if he had been true, would have acted differently.) 6. 注意介词短语 without, but for, in the absence等表示虚拟条件。
初中英语语法知识—并列连词的专项训练(1)
一、选择题 1．I quite like noodles_________ my cousin doesn't. A．or B．so C．and D．but 2．I know her, ____________I forget（忘了）her name. A．so B．and C．but 3．I live far away from my school, ________ I have to get up early every day. A．and B．but C．so D．or 4．______ Lucy ______Wendy speaks good English, so they cannot communicate with these British students very well. A．Neither, nor B．Not only, but also C．Both, and D．Either, or 5．I really want to go back to my hometown, ________ I don't have time. A．if B．but C．or D．as 6．—Will you go to Nanjing by bus _____ by plane? —By plane. It is expensive ______ fast. A．or; but B．or; and C．and; but D．and; and 7．—Have you ever tried food in Singapore? —Yes.______ you like Indian food, Western food ______ Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore. A．Either；or B．Neither；nor C．Both；and D．Whether；or 8．Is getting up late good____ bad for our health? A．and B．or C．but D．for 9．— Would you like some cakes? — No, thanks. They smell delicious I’m not hungry. A．and B．so C．but D．or 10．—Ancient Chinese believed that traveling ten thousand miles is as important as reading ten thousand books. —I agree. It’s just like the popular saying “Make sure that your body your soul（灵魂）is on the way.” A．both; and B．not; but C．neither; nor D．either; or 11．He ________ like baseball. ________ he likes football. A．don’t, but B．doesn’t, and C．doesn’t, but D．/, and 12．Get up early, John. you will be late for the class. A．And B．But C．So D．Or 13．－I like apples,_______ I like pears, too. What about you,Linda? －Well,I like pears _______ I don't like apples. A．and;and B．but; but C．but;and D．and; but 14．The shop isn't open, she can’t buy her favourite chocolate.
高中英语语法——连词(带答案)
高中英语语法——连词 1.定义：连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词。 2.连词在句子中不单独用作句子成分。 3.分类：连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。
连词造句练习： 1.上完最后一节课之后，我就回家了。 2.你和他都是我的朋友。 3.她不但喜欢唱歌，还喜欢画画儿。 4.——我不喜欢吃芒果。 ——我也不喜欢。 5.就篮球而言，我比他打得好一点儿。 6.除非他先向我道歉，否则我不会原谅他的。 7.直到他离开了我，我才意识到他很重要。 8.虽然我不喜欢吃香蕉，但我也不讨厌它。
七选五练习 （一） When I was in high school and college, I went to fast food restaurants pretty often. Even until today, fast food is a popular choice among students. So, what makes fast food restaurants really popular year after year? The food is not very expensive. 1 So, it is good to get something tasty to eat and still have some money left for a movie later. Nowadays, many fast food restaurants open till late nights. 2 Most teenagers go there also because other boys and girls are there. It is fun to be there, as seen in fast food TV advertisements. It is cool. 3 You can just order fries or you can also mix and match with plenty of choices, such as coke with French fries, sundae with apple pies, salad with burgers. And managers there will not stare at you for reading there for hours if you just order French fries and a cup of coke. 4 They can have group discussions of school projects, small talk and even birthday celebrations. You can try telling them some fast food is unhealthy, but I doubt if youngsters will listen. 5 Some of them go to a fast restaurant every week. The food there is cheap, delicious, and served fast. A. Fast food does not have to be bad for you. B. Many teenagers do not have much money. C. Fast food is still popular with many of them. D. At fast food restaurants, you choose what you want. E. Today, fast food restaurants are offering healthier food. F. A fast food restaurant is a good place for some activities for teenagers. G. So, these places are comfortable and safe to hang out during late nights. Key: A B D F G My friend Jerry was one of the most positive people I had ever known. 1 If his employee had a bad day, Jerry always helped him to look on the positive side of the situation. 2 So one day I asked him, “ How can you be so positive all the time?” He replied,
英语语法连词
连词的定义： 连词是连接字、短语、从句与句子的词，是虚词，因此它不能独立担任句子成分。连词主要分为两大类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、词组或分句。它包括：and，or，but，so，for，both…and，either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also。 从属连词用来引导从句，它包括：that，when，till，until，after，before，since，because，if，whether，though，although，so…that，so that，in order that，as soon as 并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有： (1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。 (2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。 (3)表转折关系的but, while等。 (4)表因果关系的for, so等。 1并列连词 1 and：和，并且 I like basketball，football and table-tennis. 我喜欢篮球、足球和乒乓球。 1.基本用法 and表示“和”、“而且”的意思，用来连接对等关系的字和字，片语与片语，句子与句子。He got up and put on his hat. 他站起来，戴上了帽子。 I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park. 我去颐和园，他去北海公园。 注意 单词或词组如果是三个以上连接，一般在最后的单词或词组前加and。另外“and”在译成中文时不一定要翻译出“和”来。 2.特别用法：and在祈使句中的作用 句型：祈使句，and…=If you…，you'll… Use your head，and you'll find a way. 动动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。 =If you use your head，you'll find a way. 如果你动动脑子，你就会想出办法。 Hurry up，and you'll catch the bus. 快点，你就会赶上公共汽车。 =If you hurry up，you'll catch the bus. 如果你快点，你就会赶上公共汽车。 2 or：或，或者，否则 Is Li Ming from Beijing or from Shanghai. 李明是北京人还是上海人呢？ 1.基本用法 or表示“～或”的意思，使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。 Would you like coffee or tea？ 你喜欢咖啡还是茶？ Tom or I am right.我或者汤姆是对的。 Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room. 李明或者是他的同班同学在打扫房间。
初中英语语法之连词练习题
连词 (一) 1、［误］Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. ［正］Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. ［析］在英语中both一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确" 2、［误］He or his parents has some tickets for the film. ［正］He or his parents have some tickets for the film. ［析］由or 3、［误］You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam. ［正］You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam. ［析］or作为连词，这里的意思为"否则"。又如：Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 4、［误］Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［正］Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. ［正］He is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［析］"虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是"，用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然" 5、［误］Either you or I are on duty. ［正］Either you or I am on duty. ［析］either…or 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither…nor, not only…but also 6、［误］Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. ［正］Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now. ［析］并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不 7、［误］My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. ［正］My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. ［析］由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词，如 8、［误］My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. ［正］My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. ［析］ 9、［误］My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［正］My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. ［析］ 10、［误］We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. ［正］We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. ［析］用both…and 11、［误］Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. ［正］Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. ［析］由not only…but also…连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应
高中英语语法连词
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