介词讲解及练习(含答案)

一、单项选择介词

1．On Wednesday, the World Health Organization announced that the number of people killed by Ebola has now risen to over five thousand, with more than fourteen thousand ______. A．having infected B．to infect

C．infected D．infecting

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查with的复合结构。With+宾语+宾补，宾语补足语可以是不定式（表将来），过去分词（表被动或完成），现在分词（表主动或进行）。主句时态为一般过去时，动作已完成。句意：世界卫生组织宣布因埃博拉病毒致死的人数截止上周三达到了五千多人，并有超过一万四千人感染病毒。故选C。

考点：考查with的复合结构

2．Bless your heart, I know you didn’t break the vase ________. Don’t cry！

A．on purpose B．by accident

C．on business D．by mistake

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语。句意：好了好了，我知道你不是故意打破花瓶的。别哭了！A.故意地；B.偶然；C.出差；D.错误地。根据Don’t cry！可知，打破花瓶不是故意的。故选A。

3．A great man shows his greatness _____ the way he treats little man.

A．under B．with C．on D．by

【答案】D

【解析】

考查介词的用法。“借助某种方法和手段”常用“by ”; 而"with" 强调使用工具,常与 with this method 搭配。

4．Soon after dinner, Wayne drove off ______ the direction of Paris.

A．to B．at C．for D．in

【答案】D

【解析】

考查介词。in the direction of朝……方向。句意：晚餐后不久，Wayne开车朝巴黎方向驶去。

5．Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library a book about it.

A．on B．at C．for D．to

【答案】C

【解析】

on在上面, 通过某种媒介;at在一点;for为了;to到, 向. 句意:在你去一个有趣的地方游玩之前, 去你们当地的图书馆找一本关于它的书看看. 本句中需注意in your local library是插入语, 作地点状语, 故选C, look for寻找.

【考点定位】介词辨析.

6． passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. A．For . B．Without C．Beneath D．By

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词辨析。句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。A. For 对于；B. Without没有； C. Beneath在……下面 ; D. By通过。没有激情，人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。所以空处填介词without。故填without。

7．Lucia impressed her peer students with her musical talent, as well as several foreign languages ______.

A．on her own B．under her control C．in her charge D．at her command 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。A. on her own靠她自己；B. under her control在她的控制下；C. in her charge由她负责；D. at her command听她的吩咐，掌握。句意：露西娅以其音乐天赋以及掌握的几种外语给同学们留下了深刻的印象。根据句意并结合所给选项可知，此处用at her command表示“掌握”，故选D。

8．— How do you think of my composition?

— Almost perfect ________ one spelling mistake.

A．but B．except C．except for D．besides

【答案】C

【解析】

C 考察连词辨析。句义：你认为我的作文怎么样？除了一些拼写错误，几乎很完美。Except for表示整体与局部的关系。如All the essays are well

written except Nelson's. Nelson的文章(除去的)和All the essays(非除去的)是同类事物，所以用except。except for表示除去的和非除去的不是同类事物，并且从语气上通常表示遗憾。如：His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes. a few spelling mistakes (除去的)和His essay(非除去的)是不同类的事物。(3)but与except同义，但but多与every，any，no

等或由这些词构成的复合词(如everything，anywhere，nobody)以及all，none之后，如：The children go to school everyday but Sunday.

9．In salute to our national flag, every citizen must stand while focusing their eyes on the rising flag.

A．at ease B．at random C．at attention D．at hand

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：向国旗致敬时，每位公民必须立正，眼睛注视着升起的国旗。

A. at ease安逸；

B. at random随便地；

C. at attention全神贯注；

D. at hand在手边。stand at attention“立正”符合句意。故选C项

10．The unemployment rate has decreased _____ 2% to 5.4%, compared with 7.4 % last year. A．by B．from C．with D．on

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意：失业率与去年的7.4%相比，已经到了5.4%，下降了2%。从句意可知此处指失业率下降了，by可以指相差的程度，选A。

考点：考查介词用法

11．“We’ve never sold anyone’s data,” Zuckerberg, Facebook CEO, said_______British lawmaker Damian Collins, who released some emails between Facebook and other tech companies.

A．in response to B．in contrast to

C．in proportion to D．in addition to

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“我们从未售卖任何人的数据”，脸书CEO扎克伯格回复英国立法者Damian Collins说，其公开了在脸谱网和其他科技公司之间一些电子邮件的。A. in response to回复；B. in contrast to与... ...相反；C. in proportion to与... ...成比例；D. in addition to除... ...之外(还)。故选A。

12．The Christmas gifts need to be ready next Friday.

A．by B．of C．in D．at

【答案】A

【解析】

在表示时间时,by表示到……为止；of表示所有关系；in表示在一个时间范围；at表示在几点钟。句意：到下周五为止，圣诞礼物需要准备好。结合语境可知选A。

13．Britain is a "second-rate power" which has been ________ for a century—yet London remains the most influential city in the world.

A．in decline B．in effect

C．on the move D．on the rise

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：考查词组。in decline一般是数量上的，如销售额下降，战争减少。但也指“国家衰落”等；in effect有效，实际上，事实上；on the move在行动，在移动中，在进步中，流动；on the rise在上涨[增长]，蓬勃高涨。句意：虽然英国作为曾经的第二大帝国已经衰落了将近一个世纪，但是伦敦仍然是世界上最有影响力的城市。故选A项。

考点：考查词组

14．People who want the typist’s job will be judged ______ how accurate and fast they are. A．in favor of B．in terms of C．in ways of D．in spite of

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词短语。A. in favor of 有利于，支持；B. in terms of 依据，按照；C. in ways of 以…方式；D. in spite of尽管，不管。句意：想要打字员工作的人，会根据他们的准确和快速来判断。表示依据，按照，故选B.

15．The train is ________ schedule. You’ll have to wait another fifteen minutes.

A．in B．behind

C．across D．off

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词。A. in在……里面；B. behind在……后面；C. across穿过；D. off离开。句意：火车晚点了，你必须再等十五分钟。behind schedule晚点；落后于预定计划；误期；误点。根据语境可知，故选B。

16．When we met again 20 years later, we chatted a lot _______ tea.

A．for B．in

C．over D．during

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词。句意：20年后我们再次见面时，我们喝茶聊了许多。over tea“喝茶”，故选C。

17．When reading the lines, readers can connect the literature to their own experience. A．with B．for

C．beyond D．on

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：当读者读出言外之意时，他们可以将文学与他们自己的经历联系起来。reading beyond thelines“言外之意”是固定短语。故选C。

18．Stan Lee, an outstanding comic-book writer, created plenty of superheroes in his works,

_________ the Spider-man and the X-men are the most famous.

A．for them B．for which C．of them D．of which

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词+关系代词。句意：斯坦·李，一位杰出的漫画作家，在他的作品中创造了大量的超级英雄，其中最著名的是蜘蛛侠和x战警。分析句子可知，本句works为先行词，在后面定语从句中，作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which, 根据句意可知，介词为of表示“...的”。故D选项正确。

【点睛】

如何使用“介词+关系代词”结构

对于“介词+关系代词”结构的使用，重点是要弄清其中的介词如何确定和判断。归纳起来，有以下几点方法：

1. 根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。如：

Water is the natural medium in which fish live. 水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。(注意搭配live in)

注意，对于那些由动词与介词构成的短语动词，通常不宜将它们拆开使用，此时应注意介词的位置应。如：

The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.

不能说成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.

2. 根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。如：

Physics is the subject in our school in which every student is interested. 物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。(注意搭配 be interested in)

3. 根据与先行词的搭配来确定介词。如：

This is our classroom, in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk. 这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。(注意搭配 in the front of our classroom)

4. 根据句意来确定介词的使用。如：

This is the book from which I got the story. 这就是那本书，从中我读到这个故事。(由于句意含有“从……”的意思，所以用介词 from)

分析句子可知，本句works为先行词，在后面等于从句中，作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which, 根据句意可知，介词为of表示“...的”。故D选项正确.

19．I am always delighted to receive your letters. ______ being short, they bring much relief when I know that you are safe.

A．In terms of B．With regard to

C．On account of D．In spite of

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：收到你的来信我总是很高兴。虽然很短，但当我知道你平安无事时，它们给我带来了很大的安慰。A. In terms of依据；B. With regard to关于；C. On account of由于；D. In spite of尽管，根据题意，故选D。

20． a low monthly income，Ni Chao makes up his mind to make a charity donation of l0000 yuan every year．

A．In spite of B．In case of C．In terms of D．In possession of 【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：尽管每月收入低，倪昭还是下决心要每年捐款l0000元。A. In spite of 尽管；B. In case of万一；C. In terms of从……方面来说；D .In possession of拥有。故选A。

考点: 考查介词短语的用法。

初中方位介词详细讲解

语法专练(方位介词)1.基础练习一、方位介词in,on,beside ,under ,above next to ,in front of ,behind ,between 选词填空 1.Beijing is______the north of China . 2.The twins usually stand ____their parents ,and their parents are in the middle . 3.There is a map of China __________ the wall of our classroom. 4.Before 2000,there was no airline _________the two cities. 5.The boy sitting __________Tina,so she couldn’t see the film clearly. 6.She will leave her homework __________ the teacher ‘s desk after school today. 7.You must ride your bike ___________ the right side of the road. 8.Me Smith lives __________ that building.His house is ___________ the fifth floor. 9.There was an exciting moment in our class when a large bird flew _____ the room. 10.The boy is taller than his friend,so he sits ___________ him in the classroom. 11.The flowers are ________ the vase on the desk. 12.She is the tallest one.She always sits ________ the back row. 13.He put a painting on the wall __________ the sofa. 14.The teacher’s desk is __________ the front of the classroom. 二、选择题 ( ) 1 The boat is passing___ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across ( ) 2 Two planes are flying___ the city. A. through B. over , C. on , D, below ( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east____ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on ( ) 4 Do you see the kite ___ the building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above

名词+介词搭配

名词＋about concern about 关怀doubt about怀疑remark about 评论opinion about意见名词＋for ability for能力charge for收费cure for医治excuse for借口love for爱necessity for所需要pity for惋惜 sorry for 惋惜talent for天才ambition for抱负anxiety for渴望desire for欲望hope for希望need for需要

occasion for时机reason for理由request for请求sympathy for同情 3.名词＋from absence from 缺席protection form保护difference from不同relief from解除名词＋in confidence in 信任*faith in信仰improvement in改进point in有意义pride in自傲 *success in成功trust in信赖 *delight in欣喜difficulty in困难harm in 有害

increase in增长 *interest in 兴趣progress in有进步skill in技能名词＋into research into研究名词＋of advocate of提倡capability of有能力care of注意description of描述examination of检查example of例证intention of意图analyses of分析cause of起因consideration of考虑doubt of怀疑expectation of预期feeling of感觉

“方位介词”图解与精讲

初中英语重难点之“方位”介词介词的种类很多。在初中英语中，有许多表示事物存在的方向和位置的介词，我们称之为方位介词。如in（在……里），behind (在……后面)，down (向下)等等。其中有些方位介词的意义比较接近，在用法上很难区分，如on, over, above 都有“在……之上”的意思，但含义却不尽相同。我们可以用三个图示配以简短的文字叙述来说明这三个介词的不同用法。 on over above 通过这种方法，我们很容易掌握这三个介词的用法。现将初中英语教材中的部分方位介词用图示的方法归纳列举如下: (强调与物体的表面相接触)

几组方位介词的区别方位介词in, on, to的区别： 1.in表示"在……范围内”，还表示“在…之中” Chongqing lies in the southwest of China. 2.on表示“与……毗邻，接壤” Canada lies on the north of America. 3.to表示方位，不接壤 Hunan lies to the east of Zhejiang. 表示地点位置的介词： 1.at, in, on, to at 用于小地方，at school, at home

In 用于大地方，in Beijing, in China On在……上面，on the map, on the table To到……To Chongqing 2.Above, over, on Above在……上方（高过另一个物体，不强调垂直） The airplane flies above that tall building.（不在正上方） over在……上方（垂直上方） The bridge spans over the river. On在……上面（物体表面有接触） There's some water on the floor, so you should be careful. 3.Below, under在……下面 Under在……下（正下方） The cat lies under the chair.（正下方） Below在……下（不一定是正下方） The cat lies under the chair.（不是正下方） 4.in front of, in the front of 在……的前面 in front of 在外部的前面，两个东西是独立的，相反的是behind The building is in front of the hospital. The building is behind the hospital.

名词与介词的搭配

1.名词与介词的搭配 N + about an agreement about 同意，一致concern about 担心；挂念 anxiety about 忧虑；担心information about (on) 关于……的信息，知识a complaint about 抱怨；叫屈 a talk about 谈话 Syn . a complaint of N + against an accusation against控告；谴责(a) protection against 保护，防保 a defence against 防护，保卫 a protest against抗议；反对 an insurance against 保险 a shield against 是防止……的保护物a prejudice against 偏见，成见 a prevention against 预防，防止 N + at (take) aim at 瞄准indignation at 愤怒；愤慨amazement at 惊愕；吃惊 a knock at　敲门声 anger at 生气；恼怒(take) a look at　看，注视annoyance at 恼怒，不高兴(take) offense at 因......而生气an attempt at 试图；努力embarrassment at 窘迫 shame at 羞耻，羞愧（感）gladness at 高兴 surprise at 惊奇，惊异(make) a guess at　猜测，估计happiness at　快乐，愉快，幸福 N + between a balance between 平衡 a difference between　差别 a choice between 选择余地；其它办法friction between　摩擦comparison between 比较harmony between 和谐；调和connection between 联系cooperation between　合作 N + for an admiration for 羡慕；赞赏 a match for　和……相比的人，对手an affection for 爱；爱情an apology for 道歉 necessity for 必要性；需要application for　申请 a need for 需要，需要的东西(make) an arrangement for　作安排an occasion for 时机；机会 a passion for　热情；爱好 an attraction for 吸引，招引 a plan for　计划，打算 blame for 责怪；责备(make) preparation for　为……作准备 cause for 理由readiness for 为……准备就绪 a cheque for 支票；（餐馆的）帐单 a reason for　理由；原因 a reputation for 名誉，声望compensation for 补偿；赔偿 a reservation for 定（票、座等）contempt for　轻蔑；藐视 a cure for 疗法；（治疗某种病的）药 a respect for　尊敬，尊重

英语语法之介词

英语语法之介词一、定义：介词常用于名词或代词之前，表示该词与句子其它成分之间的关系，一般在句子中不单独作句子任何成分。二、分类：三、用法及辨析 1. at/ in /on . 表示时间： A：at表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/ 年龄 at six o’clock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night B：in表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时) in the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March in the twenty-first century in his fifties C：on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时. On Mon day on New Year’s Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night on the evening of April 1st ,2007

时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。多说多练牢牢记，莫让岁月空蹉跎。 ②表地点: A:at 一般指较小的地点或较具体的位置 at the station at the cinema B: in 表示在较大的地点或一个有限空间里. in China in the classroom C: on 指在某物体的表面上. on the desk 注意: 写街道时,若有门牌号用at ,否则用on / in 都可. He lives at 270 Dong Chang’an Street. 2. in /on / to 表方位: ① in表示A地在B地范围之内.(包含关系) Taiwan is ____ the southeast of China. ② on表示A,B地接壤.(外切关系) Hubei is ____ the north of Hunan. ③to表示A,B两地有一定的间距.(外离关系) Japan is _____ the east of China. 3. between / among 在……之间 ①between :指两者之间. 在…….之间. ②among :用于三者或三者以上人或物之间. 在……之中. You sit _____ him and me. The song is popular ______ the students. 4. with / in / by 表示“用……” ①with 表示“用…” 一般指有形的工具/ 手段/ 人体器官.

初中语法方位介词)

二、表示地点的介词in、on、behind、next to、near、over、under (1). in在……里面：The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。 (2). on在……上面：There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。 (3). under在……下面/正下方：What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？ (4).over在……正上方：There is a shelf over the table. 桌子上方有一个书架。 (5). above 在……斜上方：Raise your arms above your head. (6). below 在……斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees. (7).behind在……之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车。 (8).next to在……旁边：There is a café next to the barber's. 理发店隔壁是一家咖啡馆。 (9).near在……附近：My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。 (10).by 在……旁：He was sitting by the window .

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介词加名词词组 by accident 偶然 on account of 因为，由于，为了…的缘故 in addition 另外，加之 in addition to 除…之外（还） in the air 流传中 on (the/an) average 按平均值，通常 on the basis of 根据，在…的基础上 at best 充其量，至多for the better 好转，向好的方向发展 on board 在船（车或飞机）上 out of breath 喘不过气来 on business 因公，因事 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in case of 假如，如果发生in case 假使，以防（万一） in no case 绝不，无论如何不 by chance 偶然，碰巧 in charge (of) 负责，管理a(round) the clock 日夜不停地 in common 共同的，共有的in conclusion 最后，总之 on condition (that) 如果in confidence 私下地，秘密地 in connection with 关于，与…有关 in consequence 因此，结果 in consequence of 由于…的缘故，因为 on the contrary 正相反 in contrast with/to 与…对比起

来 out of control 失去控制 under control 处于控制之下 at all costs 不惜任何代价，无论如何 at the cost of 以…为代价 in the course of 在…过程中，在…期间 of course 当然，自然in danger 在危险中，垂危 out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过时的，不用的 up to date 现代化的 in demand 非常需要的，受欢迎的 in debt 欠债，负债

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2. in , on , at 表地点: at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如: eg. 1He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday. 2They arrived ___a small village before dark. 3There is a big hole ____ the wall. 4The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall. 3.in , on , to表方位 in(范围内;on(范围外且接壤;to(范围外但不接壤。可表示为下图的位置关系 eg.1Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 3Japan is to the east of China. cross: 动词“跨过,越过”=go across 4. across: (表面跨过 through: (内部穿过,贯穿介词 eg. 1Can you swim _____ the river? 2The road runs __________ the forest. 3 _____ the bridge, you’ll find a cinema.

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