2012年12月英语四级完整版真题版

2012年12月英语四级完整版真题:第二套

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. A) Make phone calls to promote sales.

B) Arrange business negotiations.

C) Handle complaints from customers.

D) Take orders over the phone.

20. A) They had different business strategies.

B) Customers often mistook one for the other.

C) Conflicts between them could not be properly solved.

D) Customers' questions could not be answered on the same day.

21. A) They each take a week.

B) They like to spend it together.

C) They have to take it by turns.

D) They are given two weeks each.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22. A) At a road crossing.

B) Outside a police station.

C)

D) In front of a kindergarten.

23. A) He drove too fast to read it.

B) He did not notice it.

C) It says 45 miles an hour.

D) It is not clearly visible. 24. A) It should have been renewed two months ago.

B) It actually belongs to somebody else.

C) It is no longer valid.

D) It is not genuine.

25. A) He got a ticket.

B) He was fined $35.

C) He had his driver's license canceled.

D) He had to do two weeks' community service.

Section B

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

26. A) They care more about an item's price than its use.

B) They grab whatever they think is a good bargain.

C) They become excited as if they had never been there.

D) They behave as if their memories have failed totally.

27. A) Those with a VIP card. C) Those needing assistance.

B) Those with 15 items or less. D) Those paying in cash.

28. A) Go back and pick up more items. C) Change the items they have picked up.

B) Take out some unwanted purchases. D) Calculate the total cost of the groceries.

..

29. A) It calls for carefulness. C) It needs a good knowledge of math.

B) It requires tolerance. D) It involves communication skills.

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30. A) A package of ideas formally presented.

B) A short presentation clearly delivered.

C) A natural and spontaneous style ot speech.

D) A clever use of visual aids in presentation.

31. A) The skillful use of gestures and facial expressions.

B) Differences in style between writing and speaking.

C) Different preferences of audiences.

D) The importance of preparation.

32. A) The differences between American and Asian cultures.

B) The significance of cross-cultural communication.

C) The increasing importance of public speaking.

D) The key to becoming a good speaker.

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. A) By comparing his performance with others'.

B) By being repeatedly .

C) By observing what their teachers do. D) By being given constant praise.

34. A) The best students are usually smart by nature.

B) It is only natural for children to make errors.

C) Children cannot detect their own mistakes.

D) All children should have equal opportunities.

35. A) It is favorable to knowledge accumulation.

B) It is beneficial to independent children.

C) It is unhealthy to students' upbringing.

D) It is unhelpful to students' learning.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

I've worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school. but making the transition（转变）between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be uncivilized, getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is torture. My friends never seem to understand why I'm so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.

There're few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine 1 ran in the plant, which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward .

The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job

..

could disappear overnight. Issues like downsizing（裁员）and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour.

After working 12-hour shifts in a factory, the other options have become only too clear. When I'm back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale now ring true.

These lessons I'm learning, however valuable, are always tinged（带有）with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. "This job pays well, but it's hell on the body," said one co-worker. "Study hard and keep reading," she added.

My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.

57. How did the author look back on his summer days while at college?

A) They brought him nothing but torture.

B) They were no holiday for him at all.

C) They were a relief from his hard work at school.

D) They offered him a chance to know more people.

58. What does the author say about college students?

A) They expect too much from the real world.

B) They have little interest in blue-collar life.

C) They think too highly of themselves. D) They are confident of their future.

59. What, according to the author, is most frustrating for blue-collar workers?

A) They do not get decent pay.

B) They do not have job security.

C) They have to work 12-hour shifts.

D) They have to move from place to place.

60. In what important way has the author's work experience changed him?

A) He learned to be more practical.

B) He acquired a sense of urgency.

C) He came to respect blue-collar workers.

D) He came to appreciate his college education

61. Why does the author feel somewhat guilty?

A) He realizes there is a great divide between his life and that of blue-collar workers.

B) He looks down upon the mechanical work at the assembly line.

C) He has not done much to help his co-workers at the factory.

D) He has stayed at school just for the purpose of escaping from the real world.

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

Are people suffering from gadget（小器具）overload? Are they

..

exhausted by the consumer equivalent of the brain fatigue-information overload that is caused by constant updates of devices and online media?

Underwriters Laboratories issued a report last week that found 48% of consumers "feel high-tech manufacturers bring new products to market faster than people need them."

There are two possible explanations. The first, obvious one is that the pace of innovation（创新）is too fast for consumers. The second less obvious one is that, in fact, innovation is too slow. That is, the new offerings companies are pushing out the door every six months or so are me-too products or ones with just a couple of new features. Marketing schedules, not product innovation, are driving the corporate（公司的）train. Manufacturers in America valued "speed to market" more than in other countries, the report found.

Sara Greenstein, Underwriters Laboratories' chief strategy officer, offered her interpretation of the survey results. "Innovation is too fast only if corners are cut."

For the high-tech sector, there are a few other interesting findings. Consumers are less concerned about safety in high-tech products than categories like fresh and processed food. But their top safety concerns are emissions and wireless radio waves. Many people, it seems, are uneasy living in a thickening cloud of radio waves from mobile phone towers and the gadgets they communicate with.

A finding that was a hit surprising is that to consumers, the inner parts of high-tech devices do apparently matter. Some 55% of consumers, according to the report, said they are "more concerned about where high-tech components come from than where the product was assembled."

The report doesn't really say how that information would affect consumer buying decisions. It could be complicated. Manufacturing companies on average rely on more than 35 contract suppliers around the world to create a single product. That number would be higher for a laptop.

But maybe some sort of supply-chain labeling showing where parts come from in a product? "We're working on it," Ms. Greenstein said.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

62. What is the finding in Underwriters Laboratories' report about many consumers?

A) They are exhausted by the information overload.

B) They are tired of the constant updating of devices.

C) They feel products are updated faster than needed.

D) They have difficulty following high-tech innovations.

63. What does the author mean by "me-too products"?

A) Products with no substantial difference.

B) Products tailored to individual users.

C) Products everyone is eager to possess.

D) Products companies compete to make.

64. What do American businesses give priority to when marketing their products?

A) The constant updating of their technology.

B) The speed of putting them on the market.

C) The quality of their new products.

..

D) The pace of product innovation.

65. What is the consumers' chief concern about high-tech products?

A) User-friendliness. B) Product quality.

C) Place of assembly. D) Radio emissions.

66. Why does the author suggest supply-chain labeling?

A) It guarantees the safe shipping of products.

B) It promotes the competitiveness of the supplier.

C) Consumers care about where components are made.

D) Consumers tend to buy products they are .

Conversation One

W: So John ,I hear you and Arthur share a job, don't you?

M: Yeah .(19) We 've shared a sales job at Sonatech for about two years now.

W: Well ,how do you divide up your schedule?

M: (19)You know we are both sales representatives and we take orders over the phone. When we started job sharing it was difficult, because we both worked all day Monday. I worked Tuesday and Thursday and Arthur worked Wednesday and Friday. (20)The problem was that when I was in the office on Tuesday, I would talk to people. Then they would call back on Wednesday with a question. But Arthur couldn't answer the question and he couldn't ask me about it because I wasn't in the office. So he had to ask the people to call me back the next day, Thursday. Of course, they didn't like to wait until the next day to have their questions answered.

W: Yes, that sounds like a problem.

M: So, finally we decided that Arthur would work in the mornings and I would work in the afternoons. Now if someone calls with the question for me in the morning, Arthur tells them to call me in the afternoon. This way, people get their questions answered the same day.

W: What do you do about vacations?

M: Well, (21)Sonatech gives the usual two weeks of vacation to

full-time employees. I take a week and Arthur takes a week.

W: It sounds like job sharing has worked out well for you.

M: Yes, it has. We are both happy with it.

19. What do John and Arthur do at Sonatech？答案：D)

20. What problem did John and Arthur have when they started job sharing？答案：D)

21. What does John say about their annual vacation？答案：A)

Conversation Two

W: May I see your license, please?

M: But officer, did I do something wrong?

W: (23) Do you mean to say you didn't see the speed limit sign back there?

M: (23) Um , no , ma'am, I guess 1 didn't.

W: In other words, you drove by too fast to read it. The sign says 35 miles an hour. (22)A school is just nearby, you know.

..

M: Don't get me wrong, but my speedometer didn't read much faster than that.

W: Then , why is it that my radar showed you were going 45? Let me put it another way. I'm going to have to give you a ticket. Again, may I see your license, please?

M: Here it is ,officer. But let me explain. I was late for an important appointment and I was worried that I wouldn't make it on time. So...

W: Aha,just a minute,here. (24) Your license is no longer valid. You should have renewed it two weeks ago. I'm going to have to write you up for that, too.

M: What? Really?

W: Your license becomes invalid on your birthday and that was two weeks ago according to the date here. You are in violation of the law-driving without a valid license.

M: I'm sorry, ma'am. I hadn't realized that.

W: (25) Here's the ticket for not having a valid license. But I'm only going to give you a warning about exceeding the speed limit .Be careful next time.

M: Yes, ma'am, officer, I will. Thank you.

22. Where was the man stopped by the police officer？答案：C)

23. What did the man claim about the speed limit sign？答案：B)

24. What did the woman say about the man's driving license？答案：C)

25. What was the man's penalty？答案：A)

Section B

Passage One

Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buys something.(26)To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she started to push a shopping card. One of the first things customers forget is how to count. (27)there is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items or less, with 20,25 or even a cart load of items.(28)Customers also forget why they came the store in the first place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “Oops ,I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don't mind waiting while I go get it. ”Five minutes later, he's back with the bread ,a bottle of milk and three rolls of paper towels. Strange as it seems customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my customer will wait until I announce the total. Then ,in surprise, she says, "Oh no, what did I do with my check book?" After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she's forgotten hers. (29)But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and that's something I can't afford to forget.

26. What does the speaker say about customers' entering the grocery store？答案：D)

27. Which customers are supposed to be in the express line？答案：B)

..

28. What does the speaker say some customers do when they arrive at the check-out counter？答案：A)

29. What does the speaker say about his job at the end of the talk？答案：B)

Passage Two

The speech delivery style of Europeans and Asians tends to be very formal. Speakers of these cultures often read oral presentations from carefully written manuscripts. On the other hand, American speakers are generally more informal relative to speakers in other cultures. (30) American audiences prefer a natural,spontaneous delivery, that conveys a lively sense of communication. They don't relay well to speakers who read from a manuscript. If you use an outline of your ideas instead of a prepared text, your speech will not only sound more natural, but you will also be able to establish better relationship with your listeners and keep their attention. (31)The language and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language and style you use when writing. Well-written information, that is meant to be read, does not work as well when it is heard. It is, therefore, important for you to adapt written texts or outlines for presentations. Good speakers are much more informal when speaking than when writing. They also use their own words and develop their own speaking styles. Whenever possible, they use short words. Listeners appreciate it when speakers use simple, everyday words in a presentation. One advantage is that it's much easier for speakers to pronounce short words correctly. Another is that long and sophisticated vocabulary choices make listening more difficult.

30. What does the speaker say American audiences prefer？答案：C)

31. What should one pay attention to when making an oral presentation？答案：B)

32. What does the speaker focus on in the talk？答案：D)

Passage Three

Let Children Learn to Judge Their Own Work

A child learning to talk doesnot' learn by being corrected all the time. if corrected too much ,he will stop talking. (33) He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he uses it and language as those around him use it. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. (33)In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things they learn without adult teachers, to walk ,run, climb, ride a bike, play games ,compare their own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make the needed changes. (34) But in school we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him. (35) Soon he becomes dependent on the expert. We should let him do it himself. Let him figure out,with the help of other children if he wants it,what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or that. If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. (35) Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should be to help children when they tell us that they can't find the way to get the right answer.

33. How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker ？答案：A)

..

34. What belief do teachers commonly hold according to the speaker ？答案：C)

35. What does the speaker imply about the current way of teaching ？答案：D)

Section B

57.【定位】由题干中的look back, at college定位到首段末句My friends never seem to understand why I'm so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.

B)【精析】细节辨认题。文章开篇提及“我”每年暑假都会在工厂打工，很早就起床工作，非常痛苦。在第一段最后，作者明确提出他的暑假has been anything but a vacation，此处的anything but为固定搭配，意为“根本不，决不”，联系上文可知他的暑假很辛苦，根本算不上假期，故答案为B)。

58.【定位】由题干中的college students定位到第二段前两句There're few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge.

C)【精析】细节辨认题。文章第二段第一句提到，很少有人像从来没步人社会的大学生一样自信。隐含的意思是大学生过于自信。第二句提到“我”的同龄人似乎总是高估自己的时间和知识的价值。C）中的think too highly of是对文中overestimate的同义转述，故答案为C)。

59.【定位】由题干中的most frustrating定位到第三段第一句The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight.

B)【精析】细节辨认题。文章第三段第一句指出，蓝领工人生活中压力最大的事情是知道自己可能会一夜之间丢掉工作。B)“他们没有工作保障”就是表示随时可能丢掉工作，故答案为B)。

60.【定位】由题干中的work experience和changed定位到第四段第二句When I'm back at the university... 和文章最后一句My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.

D)【精析】综合理解题。第四段第二句提到，当“我”回到大学时，“我”意识到逃课、上交因不努力而被要求重写的作业看起来都太不负责任了，并且认为关于教育价值的建议和公共服务声明都是有道理的。这些表明作者学习态度的转变。文章最后一句提到工厂的工作经历激励“我”充分利用大学时光，也体现了作者的变化，故答案为D)。

61.【定位】由题干中的guilty定位到第五段前两句These lessons I'm learning, however valuable, are always tinged with a sense of guilt.., where I spend only two months at a time.

A)【精析】推理判断题。作者在第五段第一句提到他对自己获得的经验略带一丝内疚。第二句进一步解释，他仅仅在工厂待了两个月。作者之后会回学校接受教育，将来会有更好的工作机会，但是很多人只能一辈子在工厂做工，这是他和蓝领工人之间巨大的差异，也是他感到内疚的原因。故答案为A),

..

Passage Two

62.【定位】由题干中的finding和Underwriters Labomtories' report定位到第二段第一句Underwriters Laboratories issued a report last week that found 48% of consumers“feel high-tech manufacturers bring new products to market faster than people need them.”

C)【精析】细节推断题。第二段提到美国保险商实验室公司发布的一项报告指出，48％的消费者“认为高科技制造商向市场投放新产品的速度快于人们的需求度”。C)“他们认为产品的更新速度比人们所需要的快”是原文的同义转述，故为答案。

63.【定位】由题干中的“me-too products”，定位到第三段第四句That is, the new offerings companies are pushing out the door every six months or so are me- too products or ones with just a couple of new features.

A)【精析】推理判断题。文章第三段第四句指出各公司每隔半年左右推出的新产品是me-too products or ones with just a couple of new features，句中使用连词or，由此我们可推测me-too products和ones with just a couple of new features意思相似，而后者比较好理解，意为“仅有几个新特征的产品”，也可以理解为“没有很大区别的产品”，故答案为．A)。

64.【定位】由题干中的American businesses, give priority to 和marketing 定位到第三段最后一句Manufacturers in America valued “speed to market”more than in other countries, the report found.

B)【精析】语义理解题。文章第三段最后一句提到，美国制造商比其他国家的制造商更加注重“产品上市速度”。这里的“更加注重”即“优先考虑”的意思，也就是说，美国制造商优先考虑的是向市场投放产品的速度，故答案为B)。

65.【定位】由题干中的chief concern, high-tech products定位到第五段第三句But their top safety concerns are emissions and wireless radio waves.

D)【精析】细节推断题。文章第五段提到了消费者关心的一些问题，明确指出他们最关心的安全问题是辐射和无线电波。故答案为D)。

66.【定位】由题干中的supply-chain labeling定位到最后一段第一句But maybe some sort of supply-chain labeling showing where parts come from in a product?

C)【精析】推理判断题。文章第六段最后一句提到消费者更关心高科技组件的来源地而不是产品的组装地，第七段提到单个产品的各个组件来自不同的供货商，最后一段提出要用供应链标签标注组件的来源地，故答案为C)。

2012年12月英语四级完整版真题:第三套

Section B

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

..

It's no secret that some of the resolutions that many of us vowed to pursue in the new year-eat healthy, lose weight, quit smoking, save more money一have already fallen by the wayside.

Many of them are likely the same resolutions that we abandoned last January. And it's a good thing for those who sell health club memberships, quit-smoking programs and other products that help us think we can improve our lives.

Many gyms see new memberships double in January, making up for the third of their members who do not renew each year.

And many who sign up in January will be no-shows by February.

"If I try one quick fix and it doesn't work, I may be more likely to try the next quick fix," Lisa Lahey, who coaches executives how to sustain behavior change, told The Times.

The Biggest Loser Resort at Fitness Ridge doesn't offer any quick fixes, just a 12-hour schedule full of exercise, a 1 200-calories-a-day diet and a fee of $2000 a week. The resort teaches its clients that "weight management" is a combination of fitness, diet and emotional health.

"Given my recent weight gain, and the fact that I was turning 50," Jennifer Conlin wrote in The Times,'' I wanted to start a program that would make 2012 the year I finally got in shape."

"For years, the advice to the overweight people has been that we simply need to eat less and exercise more," Tara Parker-Pope wrote. "White there is truth to this guidance, it fails to take into account that the human body continues to fight against weight loss long after dieting has stopped. This translates into a sobering（令人清醒的）reality: once we become fat, most of us, despite our best efforts, will probably stay fat."

Of course this revelation（揭示）, it proven true by further study, is not good news for the weight-loss industry. But chances are it won't have much impact on the human tendency to resolve to get to the gym more and avoid chocolate cake when the clock strikes midnight on December 31.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

57. What do we learn from the first paragraph about new year resolutions?

A) They are hard to sustain. C) They help shed bad habits.

B) They test one's strength. D) They promise a good year.

58. Who do new year resolutions eventually benefit?

A) Society in general. C) Health club members.

B) Business executives. D) Health industries.

59. What is special about the Biggest Loser Resort's weight management program?

A) It gives top priority to emotional health.

B) It does not resort to any quick fixes.

C) It focuses on one's behavior change.

D) It is not cheap but extremely effective.

60. What happens when people stop dieting?

A) They regain their appetite. C) Their weight bounces back.

B) They usually stay in shape. D) Their health is likely to fail

61. What do people tend to do about new year resolutions?

A) They keep making them year after year.

..

B) They abandon them once progress is made.

C) They keep trying until they finally succeed.

D) They make them for the sake of making them.

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

When University of California-Berkeley released a study this month showing alarmingly high teacher turnover (人员流动) rates at Los Angeles charter schools, I wasn't surprised.

That's not a slam at local charter schools. It's just that the study echoed something I'd observed many times, starting with my niece.

Bright and cheerful, my niece longed to teach high-needs children. She started out in the San Francisco public schools, where she was assigned to the district's toughest elementary school. Fifth-graders threw chairs across the room-and at her. Parents refused to show up for conferences.

She wasn't willing to deal with this level of indifference and teacher abuse, so she switched to a highly regarded charter elementary school in the Bay Area where she poured her energy into her job and it showed. Her students' test scores were as high as those in a nearby wealthy school district, despite the obstacles these children faced.

Yet by her fourth year, my niece was worn out, depleted (耗尽) of the energy it took to work with a classroom of sweet but deeply needy children who pleaded to stay in her classroom when it was time to leave. The principal's offer of a $10000 raise couldn't stop her from giving notice. She went to work at that wealthy school district next door- for less money.

Over the years, I've met many impassioned (充满激情的) teachers at charter schools, only to call them the next year and find they've left. The authors of the Berkeley study theorize that the teachers leave because of the extraordinary demands; long hours, intense involvement in students' complicated lives, continual searches for new ways to raise scores. Even the strongest supporters of the reform movement concede that the task of raising achievement among disadvantaged students is hard work.

It's unlikely that we can build large-scale school reform on a platform of continual new demands on teachers-more time, more energy, more devotion, more responsibility-even if schools find ways to pay them better. This is the bigger challenge facing schools. We need a more useful answer to the Berkeley study than "Yeah, it's really hard work."

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

62. Why wasn't the author surprised at the high teacher turnover rates at Los Angeles charter schools?

A) She had participated in the Berkeley study.

B) She had noticed the phenomenon repeatedly.

C) She had been involved in the local school reform.

D) She had been informed of the problem by her niece.

63. What do we learn about the students in the public school the author's niece taught?

A) They were undisciplined.

B) They were tough and strong.

C) Many of them enjoyed less parental care.

D) Many of them dropped out of school halfway.

..

64. What does the author say about her niece's work in the charter elementary school?

A) It won high praise from her school and colleagues.

B) It was cited by the Berkeley study as an example.

C) It contributed to the success of the school reform.

D) It was well received by the disadvantaged children.

65. Why were the teacher turnover rates so high according to the Berkeley study?

A) The students were indifferent to learning.

B) Teachers' salary was not high enough.

C) Teachers' work was too demanding.

D) Jobs elsewhere were more meaningful.

66. What is the author's comment on the current school reform movement?

A) It will give rise to more problems.

B) It is not likely to be successful.

C) It will have a positive impact on education.

D) It demands the local authorities' support.

Section B

Passage One

57.【定位】由题干中的new year resolutions定位到第一段It's no secret that some of the resolutions that many of us vowed to pursue in the new year. . . have already fallen by the wayside.

A) 【精析】推理判断题。文章开篇指出，我们许多人曾在新年来临之际发誓要完成的一些新年计划，比如健康饮食、减肥、戒烟、存更多的钱等，都已经半

途而废，这不是什么秘密了。由此可见，我们的新年计划大多都半途而废，也就

是说新年计划很难坚持，因此答案为A)。

58. 【定位】由题干中的benefit和选项中的Health club members定位到第二段第二句And it's a good thing for those who sell health club memberships, quitsmoking programs and other products that help us think we can improve our lives.

D) 【精析】细节归纳题。第二段指出，尽管新年计划多半被我们放弃，但这对于那些推销健康俱乐部会员卡、戒烟计划和其他令我们感觉能够因此改善我们

生活的相关产品的人来说是件好事。通过总结归纳可知，新年计划最终的受益者

是那些与健康相关的行业，因此答案为D),

59.【定位】由题干中的the Biggest Loser Resort定位到第六段第一句The Biggest Loser Resort at Fitness Ridge doesn't offer any quick fixes,just a 12-hour schedule full of exercise, a 1200-calories-a-day diet and a fee of $2000 a week.

B) 【精析】细节推断题。第六段第一句指出，一家名为 Biggest Loser Resort at Fitness Ridge的健身俱乐部从不提供任何速效对策，只包括一个排满12小时的锻炼日程表，一种一天消耗1200卡路里的饮食限制和一周2000美元的费用。

也就是说，这家减肥中心的特别之处就在于它不像其他减肥中心那样依靠速效对

策进行减肥训练，因此答案为B)。

60.【定位】由题干中的stop dieting定位到第八段第二、三句“…it fails to take into account that the human body continues to fight against weight loss long after dieting has stopped. This translates into a sobering reality:once we become fat,most of us, despite our best efforts, will probably stay fat.”

..

C) 【精析】推理判断题。第八段提到，建议过度肥胖的人节食和锻炼的指导虽然有一定道理，但是并没有考虑到在节食停止后的很长一段时间里，人的身体会持续地与体重的减少进行对抗，这造成了一个令人警醒的现实问题：大多数人一旦变胖，即使付出再多的努力很可能也只能维持肥胖的状态；由此可见，一旦停止节食，人的身体又会重新开始发胖，也就是出现体重的反弹现象，所以答案为C)。

61.【定位】由题干中的tend to do定位到文章最后一段末句But chances are it won't have much impact on the human tendency to resolve to get to the gym more and avoid chocolate cake when the clock strikes midnight on December 31.

A) 【精析】推理判断题。文章最后一段指出，如果这一揭示被进一步研究证明是正确的，那么对于减肥行业来说，这将是一个不太好的消息。但是，对于人们在 12月31日午夜钟声敲响的时候还是会决心多去健身房、少吃巧克力蛋糕的倾向来说，这一揭示也可能不会产生太大的影响。也就是说，人们始终倾向于在新年到来之际一次又一次地制订同样的新年计划，因此答案为A)。

Passage Two

62.【定位】由题干中的wasn't. . . surprised和Los Angeles charter schools定位到第一段When University of California-Berkeley released a study this month...I wasn't surprised.

B) 【精析】细节推断题。定位段提到，一项研究表明目前政府特许学校的教师流动率高得惊人，但是作者并不惊讶。第二段中揭示了原因，即作者已经注意到很多次这项研究反映的问题了，因此答案为B).

63.【定位】由题干中的the public school定位到第三段第二至四句She started out in the SanFrancisco public schools, where she was assigned to the district's toughest elementary school. Fifth-graders threw chairs across the room一and at her. Parents refused to show up for the conferences.

A) 【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到作者的侄女从旧金山的公立学校开始教师生涯，被分派到了当地最难管理的小学，并举例说明了学生难以管理的情况，学生们在教室里把椅子扔来扔去，甚至还扔向老师。由此可见，这个公立学校的学生自由散漫、很难管教，因此答案为A)。

64.【定位】由题干中的charter elementary school定位到第四段第一句…so she switched to a highly regarded charter elementary school in the Bay Area where she poured her energy into her job and it showed…和第五段第一句Yet by her fourth year, my niece was worn out,depleted of the energy it took to work with a classroom of sweet but deeply needy children who pleaded to stay in her classroom when it was time to leave.

D) 【精析】推理判断题。第四段首句提到作者的侄女因为不愿忍受漠视和侮辱而选择调换工作，进入一所知名度很高的政府特许小学，并全身心投人其中，收到很好的效果。第五段首句提到，到了第四年，她班里的这群善良而贫穷的孩子们总是在放学以后还恳求留在她的教室里。由此可以推断，这位老师的工作受到了这些家境贫困的孩子们的欢迎和喜爱，因此答案为D)。

65.【定位】由题干中的teacher turnover rates和the Berkeley study

定位到第六段第二句The authors of the Berkeley study theorize that the teachers leave because of the extraordinary demands: long hours, intense involvement in students' complicated lives, continual searches for new ways to raise scores.

C) 【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到伯克利分校研究的作者们将教师离职的原因总结为多方面的过度苛求，包括长时间工作、大量参与学生复杂的生活以及不断地探寻提高学生成绩的新方法等，也就是说，专家们认为，教师离职的原因是教学工作的要求过于苛刻，因此答案为C),

..

66.【定位】由题干中的comment和school reform movement定位到最后一段第一句It's unlikely that we can build large-scale school reform on a platform of continual new demands on teachers-more time, more energy, more devotion, more responsibility- even if schools find ways to pay them better.

B) 【精析】推理判断题。定位句表达了作者对于当前的学校改革的看法，即我们也不可能将大规模的学校改革建立在一个对教师不断提出新要求的平台上，换言之，当前学校改革的基础存在问题，如果不加以改变的话，成功的可能性不大。B）中的not likely to be successful是对原文中unlikely that we can…的同义转述，因此答案为B)。

2012年6月四级

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you

19. A) Hosting an evening TV program. C) Lecturing on business management.

B) Having her bicycle repaired. D) Conducting a market survey.

20. A) He repaired bicycles. C) He worked as a salesman.

B) He served as a consultant. D) He coached in a racing club.

21. A) He wanted to be his own boss.

B) He found it more profitable

C) He didn?t want to start from scratch.

D) He didn?t want to be in too much debt.

22. A) They work five days a week. C) They are paid by the hour.

B) They are all the man?s friends. D)They all enjoy gambling. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23. A) It has gradually given way to service industry.

B) It remains a major part of industrial activity.

C) It has a history as long as paper processing.

D) It accounts for 80 percent of the region?s GDP

.

24. A) Transport problems. C) Lack of resources.

B) Shortage of funding. D) poor management.

25.A) Competition from rival companies. C) Possible locations for a new factory

B) Product promotion campaigns. D) Measures to create job opportunities.

Section B

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. A) They shared mutual friends in school.

B) They had known each other since childhood.

C) They shared many extracurricular activities.

D) They had many interests in common.

27. A) At a local club. C)At the sports center.

B) At Joe?s house. D)At the bearing school.

28. A) Durable friendships can be very difficult to maintain

B) One has to be respectful of other people in order to win respect.

C) It is hard for people from different backgrounds to become friends

..

D) Social divisions will break down if people get to know each other

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based as the passage you have just heart.

29. A) Near the entrance of a park. C) At a parking meter.

B) In his building?s parking lot D)At a street corner.

30.A)It had been taken by the police C) In had been stolen by someone.

B) it had keen moved to the next block. D ) it had been parked at a wrong place

31. A) At the Greenville center. C) In a neighboring town.

B) At a public parking lot. D) In a the city garage.

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

32. A) Famous creative individuals. C) A major scientific discovery.

B) The mysteriousness of creativity. D) Creativity as shown in arts.

33. A) It is something people all engage in. C) It starts soon after we are born.

B) It helps people acquire knowledge. D) It is the source of all artistic work.

34. A) Creative imagination. C) Natural curiosity.

B) Logical reasoning D) Critical thinking. 35. A) It is beyond ordinary people. C) It is part of everyday life.

B) It is yet to be fully understood. D) It is a unique human trait.

Section B

Directions: there are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on

Answer Sheer 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won’t necessarily represent. an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.

We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932. when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929 But this doesn’t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn’t afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse could manage alone.

Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households, Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.

..

After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities, A 1940 book. The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.”He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.

The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale(士气). For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.

Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.

Today’s eco nomic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined. So it’s only when the economy is healthy again that we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57.In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to __________.

A) tear many troubled families apart

B) contribute to enduring family ties

C) bring about a drop in the divorce rate

D) cause a lot of conflicts in the family

58. In the Great Depression many unhappy couples close to stick together because

A) starting a new family would be hard

B) they expected things would turn better

C) they wanted to better protect their kids

D) living separately would be too costly

59 .In addition to job losses. What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?

A) Mounting family debts

B) A sense of insecurity

C) Difficulty in getting a loan

D) Falling housing prices

60. What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples?

A) It will force them to pull their efforts together

B) It will undermine their mutual understanding

C) It will help strengthen their emotional bonds

D) It will irreparably damage their relationship

61. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A) The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate

B) Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships

C) A stable family is the best protection against poverty.

D) Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage:

..

People are being lured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.

Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Face b ook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.

The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules Early on you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook you could create own little private network. Last year. The company changed its privacy rules so that many things you city. Your photo, your friends’ names-were set, by default (默认)to be shared with every one on the Internet.

According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information They have a “less satisfying experience”.

Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, which involved selling ads and putting then At the side of the pages totally Who wants to took at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends?

The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites.“I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.

I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning. Which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t That’s too high a price to pay.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

62. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?

A) It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.

B) It makes money by putting on advertisements.

C) It profits by selling its users’ personal data.

D) It provides loads of information to its users.

63. What does the author say about most Facebook users?

A) They are reluctant to give up their personal information.

B) They don’t know their personal data enriches Facebook.

C) They don’t identify themselves when using the website.

D) They care very little about their personal information.

64. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?

A) To render better service to its users.

B) To conform to the Federal guidelines.

C) To improve its users’ connectivity.

D) To expand its scope of business.

65. Why does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?

..

A) Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.

B) Banning the sharing of users’ personal information.

C) Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.

D) Removing ads from all social-networking sites.

66. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?

A) He is dissatisfied with its current service.

B) He finds many of its users untrustworthy.

C) He doesn’t want his personal data abused.

D) He is upset by its frequent rule changes.

Section A

Conversation 1

W: Good evening, and welcome to this week's business world, the program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run your own store?

M: Well, I always loved racing bikes and fixing them. When I was working full—time as a salesman for a big company, I seldom had time to enjoy my hobby. I knew then that as soon as I had enough money to get my own business going, I'll do it. I had my heart set on it and I didn't let anything stand in my way. When I went down to the bank and got a business loan, I knew I'd love being my own boss. Now my time is my own. I open the store when I want and leave when I want. W: You mean you don't keep regular hours?

M: Well, the sign on my store says the hours are ten to six, but if business is slower than usual, I can just lock up and take off early.

W: Have you hired any employees to work with you yet?

M: Yeah, a couple of friends of mine who love biking as much as I do. They help me out a few days a week. It's great because we play cards or just sit around and talk when there are no customers.

W: Thank you, Mr. Kayne. We wish you success in your new business.

Question 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19.What is the woman doing?

20.What did Mr. Kayne do before he took over the bicycle shop?

21.Why did the man take over a bicycle shop?

22.What do we learn about the people working in the shop?

Conversation 2

W: Well, the main activities in the region were historically steel and paper processing, I think.

M: Yes, but I'm not quite sure about the status of those industries now. Could you tell us something about that?

W: Yes, of course. In fact, they are less significant, but steel-related

..

manufacturing still accounts for 44% of industrial activity. So it's still very important. In fact, 80% of Spain's machine tools are from the Basque Country. As for paper processing, there's still a little. But it's no longer what it once was in the region. So, is that clear?

M: Yes, thanks.

W: Now, to get back to what I was saying, there's a lot of unemployment as well as geographical problems in the region.

M: Sorry, Victoria. What do you mean by geographical problems?

W: Well, what I mean is the area is very hilly, mountainous in parts. So there used to be transport problems, now though there are new train links and better roads, but it may be that some smaller towns inland remain not very well connected, is that OK? Does that make sense? When we talk about specific location suggestions for the factory, we'll see this in more detail, so we'll come back to this question, OK?

M: OK, right.

W: So I was about to say something about the work force in the region and the level of training and education. In general, it's very good and improving.

Question 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23. What does the woman say about the steel-related manufacturing in the region? 24. What problems hinder the region's development?

25. What will the speakers discuss later?

Section A

听力长对话1

点评：第一篇长对话是一期访谈节目，主题是对一位自主创业人士的一次访谈，难度一般，要拿满分应该不难。主持人问及男士是如何想到要自己创业的，自己的自行车行是否有固定营业时间，以及是否雇佣了一些员工。男士则顺着主持人的问话，谈及了自己的创业历程，店里的营业时间与方式等。考生在听的过程中，需要理解这些短语的意思，如have one's heart on it，意思是“决心，一定要”，stand in the way，意思是“阻碍，挡道”。一般四级考生，这些短语在平常的学习中应该是有所积累的，不是难题。

听力长对话2

点评：这篇长对话围绕该地区的主要经济活动钢铁和纸张加工产业展开。男士对该地区这两大产业的现状不是很熟悉，所以女士为其做解答，介绍了钢铁产业在这一地区所占的重要地位，以及阻碍这一地区发展的主要因素，如地处山区，内地的小城镇依然交通不便。接着，二人则转向了下一个话题，即该地区的劳动力和培训与教育水平。女士这里简单地进行了一个概括，认为整体情况不错并且在不断进步。

这篇长对话难度适中，考生可以先浏览一遍问题，推测出主题，然后带着问题去听，这样做起来就容易多了。这里有一个生单词，可能考生在听的时候会被这样一个单词难倒，Basque country，是指“法国西

..

南端，西班牙北部地区”。不过这个表达不影响做题，考生即使没听懂，也不要在这里纠结，因为浏览过题目就知道，这个不是考察点，所以要继续集中精力往下听。这也是听力的一个技巧，带着问题去听，只抓主要信息以及与问题相关的信息，不重要的疑难点要及时忽略。Passage One

I first met Joe Gumps when we were both 9 years old, which is probably the only reason he is one of my best friends. If I had first met Joe as a freshman in high school, we wouldn't even have had the chance to get to know each other. Joe is a day student, but I am a boarding student. We haven't been in the same classes, sports or extra curriculum activities. Nonetheless, I spend nearly every weekend at his house, and we talk on the phone every night. This is not to say that we would not have been compatible if we had first met in our freshman year. Rather, we would not have been likely to spend enough time getting to know each other, due to the lack of immediately visible mutual interests.

In fact, to be honest, I struggle even now to think of things we have in common, but maybe that's what makes us enjoy each other's company so much. When I look at my friendship with Joe, I wonder how many people I've known whom I never disliked but simply didn't take the time to get to know. Thanks to Joe, I have realized how little basis there is, for the social divisions that exist in every community. Since this realization, I have begun to make an even more determined effort to find friends in unexpected people and places.

Questions:

26. Why does the speaker say Joe Gumps become one of his best friends? 27. Where does the speaker spend most of his weekends?

28. What has the speaker learned from his friendship with Joe?

Passage 2

It was a bad night for Louis. His research in the neighboring town had taken longer than he expected. It was late and he was very tired when he drove home. He turned into his building's parking lot, but all the spaces were full. He drove back out onto the street looking for a parking space. The first block was full. The next block was almost empty. Louis didn't see a no—parking sign, but he suspected that if parking were allowed there, most of the spaces would be filled. Then he saw a small parking lot with two free spaces. He was so glad to see them that he didn't even think to read the sign by the entrance. He drove in, parked, and hurried home to go to bed. The next morning he went back to the lot to get his car. It was gone. He ran home and telephoned the city police to say that his car had been stolen. It took the police only a minute to tell him what had happened. His car had been on a private lot. It had been taken away by the police. Louis had to take a taxi to the city garage far from the center of town. He had to pay a fee of $40 to get his car back. In addition, he got a parking ticket—his first one ever in Greenville.

29. Where did Louis intend to park his car when he came back from work one night?

30. What did Louis think had happened to his car the next morning?

31. Where did Louis finally get his car back?

Passage 3

..