岭南师范学院英文简介

岭南师范学院英文简介
岭南师范学院英文简介

虽然以前BBS也有发过关于校园讲解的英文版,但是不知道同学们了解多少湛师的历史。下面是一份经过整合的校园英文讲解英文版,内容还不是很全面,但是希望对大家有帮助,我们正在努力完善中!(桃李园,五味子树,“博雅显气象”景石,“寂韵见独体”景石,化学实验楼,无忧树,宿舍区,体育区,“问渠”大型陶艺等还没有完善)

Our university has a gorgeous combination of classic and modern style. It’s a plaza of knowledge, cradle of talents and brand new start for students who gather together here and pursuit their dreams.

Now we are at Banyan Square.

At Banyan square, you must see three sights.

(1)

The first thing that comes into our eyes is the memorial arch of Lingxing Gate.(棂星门) Lingxing Gate is a kind of traditional architecture. Originally, it was built to worship the Star of Wisdom. But now it is mainly built in honor of great people who made great contribution. This one was built in memory of those who made great contributions to Leiyang Academy—the predecessor of our university.

The couplets carved on it embrace 2 meanings—firstly, as teachers, we should respect the sages and follow their examples. Famous French writer Rousseau once said, “Without a good example to follow, he will never be a good teacher to be followed.” The second meaning is that a teacher should be strict with himself and require himself to make progress every day. This is in accord with French writer Romain Rolland’s well-known saying—“Just like a sun, before we shed light to others, we have to enable us to shine.”

The second place I want to introduce is a stone carving Be Xi Stele. On the stele carved an article which is about the development of Leiyang Academy in detail. Have you ever seen such a strange-looking animal? Neither have I. This turtle-like animal is called Bi Xi and only exists in myths and legends. It is the eldest son of the Dragon King. Bi Xi loves learning and is a creature of unusual strength. So it always carries a stone stele which can help it learn more. In China, dragons are mascots. If you touch its head, good luck will come to you. Come on, give it a try. Behind this stele, there is a model of an official seal of ancient Leiyang Academy with sixteen ancient Chinese characters on it. From the right to the left, they are: “书院精神、高山仰止、百年师范、人文昌明”. What the sixteen Chinese characters carry is to stick to rigorous scholarship, to be morally upright and to continue cultivating normal education.

This wall was built to commemorate three great ex-headmasters: 陈乔森, 陈瑸 and 陈昌齐.

They were all standouts in Qing Dynasty. Through the imperial examinations they were elected to be officials. After taking offices, they serve the people whole-heartedly. In addition, they were all free from corruption, and for this reason, people at that time respected them and offered them full supports.

陈昌齐 was a man of great attainment in literature and science.

陈乔森 was a man of great learning and a good poet and painter. And he was a noted

wit.

陈瑸 was an officer known for his incorruptness. The biggest contribution he had made was that his success in recapturing Taiwan in Qing Dynasty. Qing Government had a war with Taiwan and won out. During the post-war period, most of the people in Taiwan were living in miserable conditions. In this difficult time, the emperor appointed 陈瑸 to run the affairs of Taiwan. On arriving Taiwan, he devoted himself to local economic development, social stability and education.

These three headmasters devoted their life to the development of education. Their great deed will be kept on this wall and be publicized forever.

日晷sundial

The sundial was invented by the ancient Chinese. Briefly speaking, it’s a clock. You can tell the time according to the shadow cast by the sun.

The sundial in front of us is just a model because it has no measure scale on the slope.

寸金公园 Cunjin Park

Cun means inch, Jin mean money. As the saying goes, "an inch of time an inch of gold, gold-inch inch time." That’s what the park’s name means.

The park is gorgeous. Teachers and students always go there take a walk.

Teacher Education Memorial

Normal Education Memorial was built in 2004 in memory of the development of the normal education in recent 100 years.

Here is an article about the long history of our school. ZNU is a provincial comprehensive normal university which is dedicated to normal education. The history of ZNU can be traced back to the Leiyang Academy, which was founded in 1636. ZNUhas devoted its energy to normal education since 1904. In 1991, ZNU gained its present name. During the long-term practice, ZNU has cultivated the cultural atmosphere with the characteristics of normal education and university bearing.

Let’s walk up the stair to see the tower.

●There are four clocks telling t ime on each side of the tower, intending to warn us against the swift time and urge us to cherish it.

●The shape of window lintels looks like books opened. We call it windows of knowledge.

●Please look down to the bottom of the tower. These golden Chinese characters tell us the name of this tower—湛江师范学院百年师范纪念塔. This tower was named by Guo Moruo. He is very notable in our country.

●Around its base is a Rome-style corridor, which is a good place for teachers and students to rest and have a gathering.

●In 2007, taking the advantage of its unique architectural style, the tower

attracted a film maker and became one of the scenes in a China Central Television teleplay called Flagships.

谭平山雕像

● Here is a statue of a great ex-headmaster of our university. His name is Tan Pingshan,

● born in 1886 and passed away in 1956.

● graduated in Beijing University

● a famous patriot and outstanding revolutionist

● In 1910, he taught math in Leizhou Middle School (predecessor of our university). Then he became the headmaster from 1912 to 1916. During his 7 years work in Leizhou Middle School, he made great contribution to the education enterprise of the Leizhou Pininsula.

石墙

Please look at these two marble walls. We can see 8 Chinese characters on them. “崇德厚道,为人师表”“学高为师,身正为范”. In English: be virtuous and kind as a teacher, be learned and behavior yourself as a norm. We successors dare not to forget his instruction. Teachers should be learned, self-disciplined and upholding morality, thus make good examples.

Comprehensive Laboratory Buildings综合楼

Dear friends, please pay attention to your right side. These are Comprehensive Laboratory Buildings. They cover an area of 31 square meters, and they have advanced facilities. They equipped with a number of high-tech laboratories for teaching and students’ practice such as International Convention Center, Language Lab, Educational Technology Lab, and And Electrical Lab and so on.

Gymnasium 体育馆

That’s a amazing gymnasium. The 10000 square meters gymnasium was finished in 2007 and cost 40 million RMB. It was the first college gymnasium in Zhanjiang when it was built. It provides 2500 fixed seats and 15000 movable ones for audiences. It used for teaching and all kinds of physical sports. It is obvious that the gymnasium has a round ro of and a square base, which symbolize “harmonious” in Chinese culture. The conspicuous stone lying in front of the gymnasium was set in memory of the Sixth Guangdong University Games which was held in our university. (Our team made a huge breakthrough then. Though the games have past, it always drives us to strive and pursue excellence.)]

Work-study program Street 一条街

We are coming into a Part-time job street. It was come into service in 2005. It’s

invested by school but run by students.

Most poverty stricken students stand on their own feet by taking part-time jobs here.

Now it has 8 stores , including a bakery, a copy shop, a stationary shop, a computer repair store, a herbal tea shop, a magazine stand a fruit shop and a booking office .

大学的灵魂——图书馆

藏书【环境】座位、空调【科技】无线网、电子搜索区&电子阅览室。

That’s our library, 5 floors plus the ground floor, features ①1.68 million volumes of books, ②more than 1200 seats, ③central air-conditioner, ④wireless net(wifi)on every floor, ⑤200 computers in electronic searching area and electronic reading room

新翼:An 18,000 square meters addition adjacent to the current library is under construction. When the project is finished, the whole library will cover an area of 32,000 square meters.

【备用】Liu Songhao, academician from Chinese Academy of Science once gave such a praiseful remark - “College Students’ Ocean of Knowledge” .I think the quality and quantity of books and the perfect equipments have prove that the library is worth of that compliment.

It’s equipped with Newspaper an d Periodical Reading Room, Circulation, Reference Book Reading Room, Electronic Searching area, Electronic Reading Room, etc.

应县木塔之名的历史演变

应县木塔之名的历史演变 蔡升元 应县佛宫寺释迦塔(简称应县木塔)是当今世界上第一奇塔。而这座奇塔之名的历史演变更让我们对木塔十分敬重,对它的历史文化也有了深刻的意识。 (一) 应县木塔北魏时称“应州崇虚寺木塔”。 北魏太平真君三年(442)至太和十五年(491),这不到五十年的时间里,平城(今山西大同)人口急剧上升,居舍建到了静轮宫的四周,人神混杂,无法清净神道,于是孝文帝就于太和十五年(491)将静轮宫移到了“桑干之阴”的应州,改名“崇虚寺”。《魏书》有证:“八月戊戌,移道坛于桑干之阴,改曰崇虚寺。”(《魏书·高祖纪》168页)《资治通鉴二》第137卷767页也有同样的记载。 (二) 应县木塔唐代称“应州宝宫寺木塔”。 唐玄宗天宝元年(742)十分崇道,为了提高其地位,便把皇家敕建的道观升格为“宫”。这样一来,“崇虚寺”这个北魏孝文帝敕建的道观就更名为“宝宫寺”了。也有人讲,因崇虚寺内藏珍宝而改名。《山西通志》记载:“兴光元年秋,敕有司马为太祖以下五帝铸释迦像,各长一丈六尺,用赤金二万五千斤。”(《山西通志》第57卷4129页) 宋雍熙三年(986),著名画师冯清云游应州,写下了《登应州宝

宫寺木塔》之诗篇,这就告诉我们“崇虚寺”已改成了“宝宫寺”。 (三) 应县木塔五代时称“应州兴王寺木塔”。 明《应州志》载:“天王词,在古旧城帅府东北隅。唐魏公李靖创建。相传晋王李克用母,尝祷于祠,见壁裂,金甲神人跃出。后生克用。”(《应州志·营建志》第2卷49页)《大明一统志》云:“天王祠,在应州城内,旧为天王村,晋王李克用母祷此祠,有金甲神人跃出,果生克用。”天王祠即李靖的家庙,也有人叫“天王寺”,为纪念李克用出世,后改名为“兴王寺”。 “考异《地理志》云,兴王寺有白衣观音像,军还,入幽州,幸大悲阁,指此像曰‘我梦神人令送石郎为中国帝,即此。’因移木叶山,建庙告赛,尊为家神。纪未载。”(《辽史纪事本末》第10卷249页)据《辽史》记载:太宗天显十一年(936)冬十月甲子,封敬瑭为晋王,幸其府。十一月丁酉,册敬瑭为大晋皇帝。十二月庚寅,发太原。戊戌,次雁门,以沙太保所部兵分隶诸将。庚戌,幸应州。由上可见,大悲阁隶属兴王寺。而历史上人们曾把“应州”讹称“幽州”,宋辽大战中的幽州,也是根据民间传说演变而来的。实际上辽太宗“军还”时所幸的正是应州,并非“幽州”。 “《元一统志》云,大悲阁在旧城之中,建自有唐,自辽开泰中重修,圣宗遇雨,飞驾来临,改寺圣恩,而阁隶也,金皇统九年重葺,元至元壬午春复修,中奉大夫领道教事安藏撰记,二十四年四月立

应县木塔之结构定性分析

应县木塔之结构定性分析 结22班江中华 2002010385 一、 背景知识 山西应县木塔建于公元 1056 年、现高为 65.86 米、塔底直径以木柱外接圆计算为33.15 米,平面呈八角形,有明层五层及明层间设平座层(暗层)四层,实际上是九层高耸木结构建筑。塔身全部用木材建造,各层均设内外两槽。在各层内外槽均有 8 个弦面,以柱、柱间叠枋和斗拱形成弦向平面构架,在角柱处交汇。在内外槽的径向,以内柱、外柱和梁栿及斗拱组成空间构架,内槽内供奉佛像,外檐柱内为游人空间。它是我国保存完好的年代最早的木塔,也是世界上现存的唯一木结构楼阁式宝塔。1961 年国务院将其公布为全国重点文物保护单位。 右图就是应县木塔的实体照片,可以看出 有以下建筑特点: 二层以上各层均以斗拱挑出平座并设置栏 杆供人登临凭栏远眺,塔身逐层向内递收,上 部高达十余米的相轮铁刹耸立,造型优美,轮 廓线变化富于韵律感,塔身雄壮巍峨,挺拔向 上,稳如泰山,正如古人赋诗赞曰: 远观擎天柱,近似百尺莲。 二、塔的结构定性分析 中国的塔不在少数,但是能够流传上千年 而依旧巍然挺立的并不多,而像应县木塔这样 有特色的更是寥寥无几,真可谓前无古人后无 来者了。要想知道为什么唯独此塔能够经历住 千百年的风雨侵蚀、地震、雷电、兵事而不倒,这里面的确有不少偶然的因素在里面,但更多的是反映了事物必然性的原理,因此不可不从其内部结构去进行探究。 塔属于高耸建筑物,对于高耸建筑物常常需要以下问题得到解决方能流芳百世: z沉降; z结构抗震; z抗水平荷载的能力。 下面分别对塔的这些问题一一进行探究。 1.沉降 对于高耸建筑物,沉降是个比较敏感的话题,因为它上部荷载大,截面小,对地基的承载力要求就高,为了防止出现沉降差,对地基土的均匀性要求也高。著名的比萨斜塔之所以会在尚未建完时就明显的有大倾斜,就是地基土承载力不够,最关键的是承载力不均匀。 现代也有不少大型或高层建筑发生整体变形或大规模损坏,大多由于地基选择、处理不当或基础达不到设计施工需求,导致地基或基础失效,从而发生不均匀沉陷、变形而造成,应该让我们引以为戒。 要控制建筑物的沉降,要么提高地基土的承载力,要么减轻结构本身的自重。对于应县木塔而言,前辈建筑师们既对地基做了适当的处理,如用灰土夯实作为垫层,同时在减轻结

岭南师范学院英文简介

虽然以前BBS也有发过关于校园讲解的英文版,但是不知道同学们了解多少湛师的历史。下面是一份经过整合的校园英文讲解英文版,内容还不是很全面,但是希望对大家有帮助,我们正在努力完善中!(桃李园,五味子树,“博雅显气象”景石,“寂韵见独体”景石,化学实验楼,无忧树,宿舍区,体育区,“问渠”大型陶艺等还没有完善) Our university has a gorgeous combination of classic and modern style. It’s a plaza of knowledge, cradle of talents and brand new start for students who gather together here and pursuit their dreams. Now we are at Banyan Square. At Banyan square, you must see three sights. (1) The first thing that comes into our eyes is the memorial arch of Lingxing Gate.(棂星门) Lingxing Gate is a kind of traditional architecture. Originally, it was built to worship the Star of Wisdom. But now it is mainly built in honor of great people who made great contribution. This one was built in memory of those who made great contributions to Leiyang Academy—the predecessor of our university. The couplets carved on it embrace 2 meanings—firstly, as teachers, we should respect the sages and follow their examples. Famous French writer Rousseau once said, “Without a good example to follow, he will never be a good teacher to be followed.” The second meaning is that a teacher should be strict with himself and require himself to make progress every day. This is in accord with French writer Romain Rolland’s well-known saying—“Just like a sun, before we shed light to others, we have to enable us to shine.” The second place I want to introduce is a stone carving Be Xi Stele. On the stele carved an article which is about the development of Leiyang Academy in detail. Have you ever seen such a strange-looking animal? Neither have I. This turtle-like animal is called Bi Xi and only exists in myths and legends. It is the eldest son of the Dragon King. Bi Xi loves learning and is a creature of unusual strength. So it always carries a stone stele which can help it learn more. In China, dragons are mascots. If you touch its head, good luck will come to you. Come on, give it a try. Behind this stele, there is a model of an official seal of ancient Leiyang Academy with sixteen ancient Chinese characters on it. From the right to the left, they are: “书院精神、高山仰止、百年师范、人文昌明”. What the sixteen Chinese characters carry is to stick to rigorous scholarship, to be morally upright and to continue cultivating normal education. This wall was built to commemorate three great ex-headmasters: 陈乔森, 陈瑸 and 陈昌齐. They were all standouts in Qing Dynasty. Through the imperial examinations they were elected to be officials. After taking offices, they serve the people whole-heartedly. In addition, they were all free from corruption, and for this reason, people at that time respected them and offered them full supports. 陈昌齐 was a man of great attainment in literature and science. 陈乔森 was a man of great learning and a good poet and painter. And he was a noted

岭南师范学院章程

岭南师范学院章程 序言 岭南师范学院是广东省属普通本科院校。学校文脉久远,办学历史可追溯到1636年创办的雷阳书院。其前身雷州中学堂1904年始设师范科教育,1935年改名为广东省立雷州师范学校,1978年正式改建成为雷州师范专科学校,1991年升格并更名为湛江师范学院,2014年更为现名。 学校以“勤教力学、立己树人”为办学理念,以“崇德、博雅、弘志、信勇”为校训,坚持“立足粤西、服务广东、走向全国、面向世界”的办学定位和“错位竞争、内涵发展、特色兴校”的发展策略,努力把学校建设成为以教师教育为鲜明特色的高水平师范院校。

第一章总则 第一条为推进依法自主办学,规范学校内部治理结构,保障师生合法权益,根据《中华人民共和国教育法》、《中华人民共和国高等教育法》等有关规定,结合学校实际,制定本章程。 第二条学校中文名称为岭南师范学院,简称岭南师院;英文名称为Lingnan Normal University,英文名缩写为LNU。 法定住所为广东省湛江市赤坎区寸金路29号。 第三条学校为非营利性事业单位法人,依法享有办学自主权,独立承担法律责任。 校长是学校的法定代表人。 第四条学校实行中国共产党岭南师范学院委员会(简称学校党委)领导下的校长负责制,实施教授治学、民主管理、依法办学的治理体制。 第五条学校由广东省人民政府举办,行政主管部门是广东省教育厅。 第六条学校举办者对学校进行宏观指导、依法监督,任命学校主要负责人,为学校提供办学资金,保障学校办学的基本条件,支持学校依照法律、法规和学校章程自主办学,保护学校的合法权益。 第七条学校的教育包括学历教育与非学历教育,采用全日制与非全日制的教育形式;学校坚持师范教育与非师范教育协调发展。学校以本科教育为主,努力开办研究生教育。 — 2 —

应县木塔简介

释迦塔 释迦塔全称佛宫寺释迦塔位于山西省朔州市应县城西北佛宫寺内,俗称应县木塔。建于辽清宁二年(宋至和三年公元1056年),金明昌六年(南宋庆元一年公元1195年)增修完毕,是中国现存最高最古的一座木构塔式建筑,全国重点文物保护单位,国家AAAA级景区。与意大利比萨斜塔、巴黎埃菲尔铁塔并称“世界三大奇塔”。 建筑布局 释迦塔位于寺南北中轴线上的山门与大殿之间,属于“前塔后殿”的布局。塔建造在四米高的台基上,塔高67.31米,底层直径30.27米,呈平面八角形。 第一层立面重檐,以上各层均为单檐,共五层六檐,各层间夹设有暗层,实为九层。因底层为重檐并有回廊,故塔的外观为六层屋檐。各层均用内、外两圈木柱支撑,每层外有24根柱子,内有八根,木柱之间使用了许多斜撑、梁、枋和短柱,组成不同方向的复梁式木架。整个木塔共用红松木料3000立方,约2600多吨重。 该塔身底层南北各开一门,二层以上周设平座栏杆,每层装有木质楼梯,游人逐级攀登,可达顶端。二至五层每层有四门,均设木隔扇。塔内各层均塑佛像。一层为释迦牟尼,高11米。内槽墙壁上画有六幅如来佛像,门洞两侧壁上也绘有金刚、天王、弟子等。二层坛座方形,上塑一佛二菩萨和二胁侍。 塔顶作八角攒尖式,上立铁刹。塔每层檐下装有风铃。 释迦塔的设计,大胆继承了汉、唐以来富有民族特点的重楼形式,充分利用传统建筑技巧,广泛采用斗拱结构,全塔共用斗拱54种,每个斗拱都有一定的组合形式,有的将梁、坊、柱结成一个整体,每层都形成了一个八边形中空结构层。 塔内文物佛牙舍利 塔内供奉着两颗佛牙舍利,盛装在两座七宝供奉的银廓里,经考证确认为是释迦牟尼灵牙遗骨。佛灭度后,共留下七颗佛牙舍利。应县佛宫寺释迦塔发现的两颗佛牙舍利,是南本《大般涅槃经》中记载的捷疾罗刹所隐身盗取的一双佛牙。 莲花台下八力士 木塔底层大门对面有一尊高大的如来像,坐在一个巨大的莲花台上。这个莲花台被八个力士扛着,个个力举千钧,形象生动逼真。这八个力士本是驻守八个方向的护法天神,乘如来古佛外出讲经说法之机,汇聚一处,私下凡尘。他们八个下了凡间,排山倒海。本来天下三山五岳、五湖四海排列得整整齐齐,像棋子一样,所以有“星罗棋布”一说。 历史发展 释迦塔于辽清宁二年(1056年)建成,由辽兴宗的萧皇后倡建,田和尚奉敕募建,至金明昌四年,增修益完。以作家庙,彰显家威,并有礼佛观光和登高料敌之用。

岭南师范学院通识教育核心课程建设及管理办法

岭南师范学院通识教育核心课程建设及管理办法 为进一步加强通识教育课程建设及管理,改革和完善通识教育课程体系,调动各教学单位和广大教师的积极性,开出更多优质通识教育课程,全面提高我校人才培养质量,根据《岭南师范学院通识教育课程建设及管理实施细则》的精神,学校决定有步骤地实施通识教育核心课程建设计划,特制定本办法。 一、核心课程建设要求 1、通识教育核心课程是我校通识教育选修课课程的主要组成部分,通识教育核心课程设5个领域:社会科学与人类发展;中华文化与世界文明;人文学科与审美艺术;自然科学与现代技术;语言运用与工具拓展。要求2012级及以后的学生,在所选修的10个通识教育学分中,至少有6个以上学分必须来自选修上述5个不同领域的核心课程或通识教育讲座方可毕业。今后将视通识教育核心课程建设情况,逐步提高核心课程学分比重,直到全部用通识教育核心课程学分取代一般公共选修课程学分。 2、通识教育核心课程建设理念:我校通识教育核心课程建设要秉承“学科贯通、研读经典、协同培养、拓展视野、提高素质”的教育理念,在依托专业的基础上,强调通识教育的共通性、普适性、博雅性、融合性、启迪性和价值性。 3、通识教育核心课程体系。通识教育核心课程体系由通识教育核心选修课程和通识教育讲座课程组成。核心选修课程的设置由学校通识教育指导委员会制定《通识教育核心课程建设指引》予以引导。通识教育讲座课程是指围绕通识教育核心课程要求、由同一系列通识教育学分讲座所组成的通识教育讲座课程,是通识教育核心课程的组成部分。通识教育学分讲座内容应尽量贴近理论前沿、政策前沿和实践前沿,每学期举办若干期。 4、通识教育核心课程采取招标建设制度。对尚未开设的通识教育核心课程,全校教师可按照《通识教育核心课程建设指引》自愿申报,相关教学单位推荐,通识教育指导委员会评审,学校认定。对我校教师尚未具备条件开设的通识教育核心课程,由通识教育中心聘请具备条件的校外教师开设,并报通识教育指导委员会核准。对获准新开设的核心课程,学校给予课程建设启动经费资助(32课时的,每门6000元、16课时的,每门5000元),以帮助课程负责人尽快开出该

岭南师范(湛师)中英文介绍

一、位置优: 地处中国大陆最南端的沿海开放城市—广东省湛江市,面向东南亚,海陆空交通便利,区位优势突出。湛江市属于热带亚热带气候,2011年空气质量全国第二、全国唯一的海鲜美食之都。 1. Excellent Location: Zhanjiang is one of the open coastal cities which ZNU is located in, lying at the most southern point of Chinese Mainland and facing Southeast Asia. It has an advantageous location with convenient sea, land and air transportation. It enjoys a tropical and subtropical climate, with the air quality ranking the second among Chinese cities in 2011. It is the best city in China to enjoy seafood cuisine. (图片:中国地图中标出湛江市,湛江市风景图含海湾大桥、湖光岩、海鲜美食) 二、历史长: 湛江师范学院是一所以教师教育见长的综合性省属本科院校。学校前身追溯到1636年的雷阳书院,1904年始设师范科教育,至今已衍继百年师范教育历史,1991年升格更名为湛江师范学院。在长期办学中沉淀了“守道重醇儒经师人师文运宏开钦北斗,立名尊先哲言教身教士风不变式南邦”的“师范本色,大学气度”的文化气象。(历史沿革图,百年师范庆典的大场面图) 2. Long History: ZNU is a provincial comprehensive normal university which is dedicated to teacher education. The history of ZNU can be traced back to the Leiyang Academy, which was founded in 1636. ZNU has devoted its energy to teacher education since 1904. In 1991, ZNU gained its present name. During the long-term practice, ZNU has cultivated the cultural atmosphere with the characteristics of teacher education and the manner of university bearing. 三、规模大: 形成了师范教育(学前教育、基础教育、职业教育、特殊教育),非师范教育,留学生教育,职前培养与职后培训一体化的“大师范”办学格局。 3. Large Scale: ZNU has developed a pattern of “Greater Teacher Education” which integrates teacher education (preschool, elementary, vocational and special education), non-teacher education, overseas students’ education, pre-service education and post-service education. 学生总数42000人,全日制在读生27000人,继续教育在读生15000人。 Total students:42000,full time students:27000,Pare time students 15ooo. ν 教职工1440人,其中副教授以上职称400多人、博士184人,高级职称教师占41%。 Total staff and faculty:1440, professors and associate professors:over 400,doctors:184. ν 涵盖九大学科门类,教育学,文学,法学,经济学,历史学,理学,工学,农学,管理学。 Nine Disciplines , Education , Literature , Economics , History , Science , Engineering , Agronomy , Management. ν 五大教师培训基地,全国重点建设职教师资培养培训基地、中小学教师培训省级基地、职业教育省级师资培训基地、幼儿园园长培训省级基地、广东高校教师教育教学技能实训中心。 Teachers Training Bases ,National Key Construction Teacher Training Bases of V ocational

英文的应县木塔的简介

应县木塔:中国古代建筑抗震能力的杰出代表 山西应县佛宫寺释迦塔(应县木塔)是中国古代传统建筑杰出抗震能力的集中代表。这座木塔是当今世界现存最高的木结构建筑,竣工于1056年,处于大同盆地地震带上。木塔建成200多年即遭受大震,余震连续7天,木塔附近的房屋全部倒塌,而木塔岿然不动;在此后的近千年中,木塔经历了多次大地震的考验而安然无恙。在战乱之际,木塔还承受过200余发炮弹的轰击,亦无大损。木塔之所以有如此杰出的抗震能力,在于前述诸多抗震技法的综合和提高:木塔平面是规则的正八角形,利于抵抗地震波产生的扭曲力;木塔高达4.4米的砖石基座坚实、稳定,形成一个“浮筏”,承载着全塔的重量(约1300吨);木塔内梁与柱的连接完全通过斗栱完成,各种构件则通过榫卯连接,全塔的主要构件不用一钉一铆,这种连接形式类似于半固结半活铰的状态,能承受较大的弯矩;构架水平分层,在地震波中的垂直冲击波攻击下,可以通过“弹跳”的方式消解巨大的破坏能量;构架的整体性有力地抵抗旋转波,所有的柱子都用顶部的梁枋连结成一个筒形的框架,保证了构架的稳定性;柱子之间砌筑有厚实的墙体,牢牢地“抱”住各柱子,增加了构架的整体性,而且这些墙体能作为剪力墙发挥作用;立柱侧脚、平面逐层缩小,有效地降低了塔的重心,并使整体结构重心向内倾斜,增强了塔的稳定性,这样既使塔身形成美丽的曲线,又能把水平的地震冲击力分解成垂直方向的压力;周边有一圈柱廊,各圈柱廊被水平构件连接成一个刚中带柔的整体;为了加固结构框架,在八边形木塔的四个斜向应面上,自上而下采用了剪刀撑做法。 整座木塔表现出结构、技术与艺术形象的高度和谐,表里如一,这是中国古代木结构建筑,也是我们中华民族的“传统美德”之一。在近千年前我们的祖先就能建造出如此庄严美丽而坚固耐久的建筑,充分显示出当时的匠人对数学、力学、材料学、结构学的研究已经相当深入,而且对地震的破坏机理已有了相当的了解,抗震经验已积累到了很高的水平,既令人惊奇,也令人自豪。(来源:中国国家地理杂志) 英文的应县木塔的简介,一份山西省的英文简介 The county should allay Jiada the Fogong Temple in Shanxi Province in the northwest county should Buddhist Temple Temple, commonly known as Yingxian Wooden Tower. Built in Liao - Ning 2002 (Y ear 1056), Jinmengchang six years (Y ear 1195) Upgrading completed. China is the most ancient existing maximum configuration of a wooden tower construction, and only a wooden structure pavilion-style tower, as the nation's key units to be protected. 木塔at Temple Shanmen north-south axis line between the Basilica and, as "the former tower后殿" layout. Tower construction in the LMH four meters high, the tower high 67.31 meters, bottom diameter of 30.27 meters, was octagonal-shaped plane. The first layer Facade Tongyan, the above floors were Dandan, a total of five six canopies, trapped between layers of a dark, in fact, Chinese Academy. As a result of bottom Tong Y an and corridors, so look for the six-storey tower in the eaves of the house. Upper floors are used inside and outside twice木柱support each floor, there are 24 pillars, there are eight,木柱between the use of a lot of diagonal bracing, beam, Fang and short columns, the composition of the complex beam different directions -木架. It was calculated, the entire木塔sharing Korean pine wood 3,000 cubic meters, about more than 2,600 tons heavy, the overall proportion of appropriate, the magnificent architecture, art sophistication, shape prudent solemn.

岭南师范学院招生计划录取人数及招生专业目录(文科理科).doc

2019年岭南师范学院招生计划录取人数及招生专业目录(文科理科) 岭南师范学院招生计划录取人数及招生专业目录(文科理科) 2019年岭南师范学院招生计划录取人数及招生专业目录(文科理科) 选择可以说在很大程度上影响着考生后半生的生活方向和轨迹,很多考生因为高考填志愿时没有足够重视,要么浪费了不少分数;要么学了不喜欢的专业,在大学里感觉“痛不欲生”。 俗话说“七分考,三分报”,正是说明志愿填报的重要性。那么如何填报志愿,填报志愿时选大学应主要考虑哪些指标?其中一个重要指标就是大学招生计划人数和招生专业。今日将带你一起了解关于岭南师范学院招生计划和招生人数、岭南师范学院招生专业目录等相关知识。 注:2019年岭南师范学院招生专业和招生计划人数截至发稿前官方暂未公布,所以小编先整理了2018年岭南师范学院的招生计划专业的信息。考生务必以官方发布的信息为准,本文只作参考! 2018年岭南师范学院招生计划人数和招生专业 在广东招生计划

专业名称计划类型层次科类计划数社会工作非定向本科文史100心理学 (师范)非定向本科文史36财务会计教育非定向本科文史44小学教育 (师范)非定向本科文史58特殊教育 (师范)非定向本科文史70思想政治教育 (师范)非定向本科文史124公共事业管理非定向本科文史50法学非定向本科文史81日语非定向本科文史65烹饪与营养教育(师范)非定向本科文史38园林非定向本科文史20信息管理与信息系统非定向本科文史18市场营销非定向本科文史35广播电视学非定向本科文史54翻译非定向本科文史51电子商务非定向本科文史28国际经济与贸易非定向本科文史60历史学(师范)非定向本科文史122汉语国际教育 (师范)非定向本科文史63汉语言文学 (师范)非定向本科文史306网络与新媒体非定向本科文史60商务英语非定向本科文史37工商管理非定向本科文史126人力资源管理非定向本科文史76财务会计教育 (师范)非定向本科文史45地理科学 (师范)非定向本科文史48英语 (师范)非定向本科文史89学前教育 (师范)非定向本科文史81汽车服务工程 (师范)非定向本科理工33法学非定向本科理工15教育技术学非定向本科理工30电气工程及其自动化非定向本科理工100小学教育 (师范)非定向本科理工50数学与应用数学 (师范)非定向本科理工216教育技术学

应县木塔简介1

Q 应县木塔简介 一壮丽的外观 应县木塔位于应县西北隅。其实,由于木塔高耸入云,远眺木塔,不必入城,在城外十余里的地方,就能看到在云天相接的地方,有一发淡蓝色的玲珑宝塔。若是天气晴朗,在几十里远的地方,也能看到它。在云雾缥渺之中,宝塔若隐若现,如天宫楼阁,别有一番情趣。在应县西街路北木塔的入口处,有一座木牌坊,三门四柱悬山顶,上用斗拱支撑,牌坊正面横匾上书“浮图宝刹”,立匾题“佛宫寺”三字,背面又有“千仞玲珑”匾。这是佛宫寺的山门前牌坊。过了牌坊,到山门前还有一段短街,长约一百余米,过了这段短街,便是佛宫寺的山门。佛宫寺原来规模很大,山门自然也很雄伟,门前原有铁狮一对,铸于明万历二十二年。进门是面阔五间,进深两间的四大天王殿。后来,随着佛宫寺的衰落,山门及天王殿均被拆毁,成为一座石砌平台,只有一对铁狮尚存。现在塔门经过重新整修,首先映入眼帘的是刻着“全国重点文物保护单位”的镏金字汉白玉石。旁侧开门,进入宽阔的塔院。院中,原来的东西禅房均已拆毁,但左右钟鼓二楼尚存。钟鼓楼东西对峙,建筑形状完全一样,二层楼阁式,底层正方形,周有围廊,上层单间歇山顶,木柱支撑,坐置鼓,右挂钟。现在鼓已无存,只有明天启二年铸的重三千六百斤的铁钟,仍然悬挂在那里。遥想当年佛宫寺庄严巍然,僧徒云集,晨钟暮鼓,声闻数里,自是一番神佛世界。 过了钟鼓楼,崛地擎天。巍峨崔嵬的大木塔就出现在眼前。木塔总高六十七米三,比北京白塔高十六米四,比大雁塔高三米三。在古寺塔中,它可以说是形态最大,结构最精,外观最壮丽,轮廓最优美的佼佼者。在它面前,谁人不叹是鬼斧神工! 木塔建在一个分为上下两层的石砌阶基上。下层南月台前嵌砌着一块石雕的八卦图。下层平面方形,边长五十米,上层八角形。东西南各置月台,台阶总高四米四,可拾阶而上。阶基宽阔,更增强了木塔的稳重感。 塔呈八角形,六檐五层。塔身为楼阁式,各层檐之下,突出的是斗拱勾栏,下为斗拱屋面,上为斗拱勾栏。层层斗拱,八面勾栏,重重迭迭,如莲花盛开。难怪有人赞木塔为“远看擎天柱,近视白尺莲”,木塔也悬有“百尺莲开”匾。极言斗拱结构之美妙。塔顶的塔刹,由砖砌的刹座和铁铸的仰莲、复钵、相轮、火烟、仰月及宝珠组成,作八角攒尖式,刹高十四米,制作十分精致,与塔身形体十分协调,衬托出木塔宏伟壮观的气魄和穿云射斗的态势。 总观木塔的外表,于粗犷中见玲珑,古朴中具典雅。优美的造型,配上各层之间悬挂的笔力遒劲的大字牌匾,还有那层层风铃发出的悦耳清脆的铃声,更使人感到动中有静,静中有动的和谐美。 二奇巧的构造 应县木塔外观六檐五层,由于底层为双檐,及各层之间又夹设暗层,实际上为九层。塔全部用木构造,从结构上来说,可分为五层塔身,四层平座和一层塔顶,结构异常复杂,手法变幻多样。 柱是木塔的基本构件,高耸巍峨的应县木塔,几乎全是用柱子支撑的。登上台阶,首先看到的便是一圈二十四根大明柱,每根木柱直径六十厘米,长九米。据测,静止时,每根柱负荷一百二十吨。但柱下基石没有巢臼,木柱断面直接连于石基之上。民间传言,这二十四根柱子每天都有一根在休息。底层除外围明柱外,墙里还有二十四根暗柱,里圈也有八根大柱,事实上,这三十二根不为人见得柱子承受着木塔的主要重量。以后各层,每层均有三十二根柱子,由下到上直通塔顶。这样算起来,支撑木塔主体的柱子就有三百一十二根之多。这些柱子,都是辽代建塔原物,历次维修都没有更换,它们现在依然坚硬如初。保持着木塔青春不老的寿命。 斗拱也是木塔的主要的最主要的构件。联结各柱与梁枋构成平座铺作的。几乎全是斗拱。斗拱使用手法变幻多样,全塔共用斗拱五十四种,可以说是集斗拱形制之大成。每朵斗拱均

大同云冈石窟及周边景点英文介绍

大同云冈石窟及周边景点英文介绍 Yungang Grottoes in Datong City 大同云冈石窟 Natural Features 自然概况 Yungang Grottoes was carved on the north cliff ofWuzhou Mountain 16km we st cf Da}ong City.ShanxiProvince. The caves were carved in the mid-5thcentu ry,North Wei Dynasty, stretching about 1 kmfrom east to west as one of the largest clusters ofgrotto es in China. With an enormous size and richcontents, Yungang Grottoes ranks side by side with Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang of Ga nsuProvince and Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang of Henan Province as the thre e great cluters of cavetemples in China. 大同云冈石窟坐落在山西省大同市以西16公里处的武周山北崖,开凿于公元5 世纪中叶的北魏时期。洞窟依山开凿,东西绵延一公里,是中国最人的石窟群之一,其规模之巨大、雕刻内容丰富,令人叹为观。与甘肃敦煌莫高窟、河南洛阳龙门石窟并列为中国几大石窟。 On the three, Yungang Grottoes stands out for its rich contents and refined carving. Preser vedto the present in the Grottoes are 53 caves and over 51 000 statues. Yungang grottoes consists of three sections,the east,the west,and the central, with caves of all sizes pleasantlyscattered half way on Yungang Mountain.Cav es in the east section feature in pagodas, thuscalled pagoda caves. Those of the central section were all structured with a front and a rearchamber,with the Buddha in the center and relief carving a ll over the walls. Caves of the westsection are mostly medium or small sized,or small niches added in later times,actually,inmost cases, carved after the capital of North Wei Dynasty was moved from Datong to Luo yang.

岭南师范学院美学期末复习资料

美学复习资料(湛江师范学院) 一、填空 1、审美现象的结构:最表面的一层是形式层,形式层的后面是意蕴层,意蕴的后面是“存在”层, 中国美学称为“道”,西方美学称为“存在”。P8 2、审美现象的演变过程可分为三个阶段:审美意识、美学思想、美学学科。三者演变形态是:最先有审美 意识的形成,其次是从审美意识发展到美学思想,最后由美学思想发展成为独立的美学学科。P16 3、1750年,以德国哲学家鲍姆加登的《美学》问世为标志,美学独立,鲍姆加登被称为“美学之父”。P17 4、Aesthetica即“感性学”,就是我们今天讲的“美学”。P18 5、美学学科性质的确定的两个基本前提:一是审美现象的特殊性,二是审美现象反思方式的特殊性。P22 6、中国传统思想的精魂是天人合一,人与世界一体。P37 7、“美学”一名较早见于1875年德国传教士花子安的著作(《教化议》),他1873年出版的《大德国学校论 略》中谈到了西方美学课程的设置。另一种说法说“美学”一词是由从日本学者中江肇民的翻译转引进来的,有《维氏美学》,1883年出版。P46 8、冯友兰把人生分为由低到高四种不同的境界:自然境界、功利境界、道德境界、天地境界。P80 9、宗白华则分境界为六种:“功利境界主于利,伦理境界主于爱,政治境界主于权,学术境界主于真, 宗教境界主于神,艺术境界主于美。”P81 10、主体在审美活动中精神存在特征体现在惊异、体验和澄明三个基本环节及其起伏运动的状态中。P116 11、色彩的审美意义主要表现在表情性和象征性两个方面。P126 12、人们在生活中对各种不同线条丰富的感受经验,是线条之所以能转化为审美条件构成因素的重要基础。 13、在审美活动中,主体越是忽视自身的现实存在,就越是有助于对象的存在。这种状态,庄子称之为“坐 忘”,杜夫海纳则称之为主体的“非现实化”。P131 14、审美对象之所以不同于一般活动的对象,根本在于它具有非实体性和开放性的特征。P132 15、生物本能说影响最大者首推达尔文的观点,他通过对动物生活的实际观察,提出动物也有美感能力的 观点。P137 16、从本能角度探索审美发生问题的,还有弗洛伊德的精神分析学,他认为,人的本能中最基本、最核心 的就是性本能。P138 17、文化创造实质:“性的精力被升华了,就是说,它舍却性的目标,而转向他种较高尚的社会目标”。P138 18、弗雷泽著有《金枝》一书,他认为原始巫术可以分为两种形式:一种以“相似律”为基础的“顺势巫 术”或“模拟巫术”;另一种是以“接触律”为基础的“接触巫术”。P139 19、审美经验的最根本的实质是它的实践性。审美活动在根本上都是人们人生实践的组成部分。P273 20、审美经验现象呈现出不同于其他理性认识活动的特点:不自觉性和突发性、非逻辑性、创造性等。P280 21、审美经验的构成要素:感知、想象、情感、理解。P283 22、黑格尔将感知称为“认识性的感觉”。P284 23、根据审美主体与审美对象在审美活动中关系的变化,我们可以把审美经验划分为呈现阶段、构成阶段、 评价阶段。P303

应县木塔的导游词范文

应县木塔的导游词范文 释迦塔全称佛宫寺释迦塔位于山西省朔州市应县城西北佛宫寺内,俗称应县木塔。与意大利比萨斜塔、巴黎埃菲尔铁塔并称“世界三大奇塔”。下面是小编收集整理的应县木塔的导游词范文,欢迎借鉴参考。 应县木塔的导游词范文1 山西的应县木塔,俗称天柱,原名为佛宫寺释迦塔,位于应县城佛宫寺内。 应县木塔浑厚、高大、粗犷,是享有盛名的全国重点文物保护单位之一。 相传,寺内木塔是辽代兴宗皇帝为他心爱的把子观赏美景而修建的,也有的说是兴宗皇帝为让他的王公大臣观战而修建的。

木塔建于辽清宁二年(公元1056年),至今已有900多年的历史。它经历多少个暑夏严冬,多少次狂风暴雨,多少次闪电雷鸣,但木塔却安然无恙。据县志记载,辽、金以来,曾先后历经七次大地震,其中最厉害的是元代顺帝时的大地震,地震连续七天,木塔仍巍然不动,足见塔身构件安装合理,制作精细,质地十分坚固。 应县木塔总高67.31米,是国内外现存最古老最高大的木结构建筑。塔平面呈八角形,共九层,其中四层是暗层,外观五层六檐。应县木塔,比北京北海的白塔高出31.41米,比西安的大雁塔高出3.21米。整个塔身,从粗犷中见玲珑,从古朴中见端庄。木塔外观,既无雕梁画栋,又无溢彩流光,然而那巍峨粗壮、拔地擎天的身躯,那结构严谨、交错默契的斗拱,都足以令人目炫动容,赞叹不已。无怪古人在塔上用斗大的字,写成牌匾悬在那里,什么“拱辰”、“挂月”,“天下奇观’、“天柱地轴”,即便用浑朴的壮笔,用最富有感情的语言,也难以倾诉人们胸中的感慨与赞美。 应县木塔底层直径为30米,建在4米高的两层石砌的台基上。内外两槽立柱,构成双层套筒式结构。塔的第一层,用蓝色琉璃瓦镶边,犹如锦上添花。塔的内外两道八角形木结构框架,用大粱和斗拱互相拉结。框架之间不用一个铁钉,全靠斗拱梁架

应县木塔佛牙舍利的发现

应县木塔佛牙舍利的发现

————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:

应县木塔佛牙舍利的发现 2007年07月11日 10:10央视国际【大中小】 相关标 [舍利] 签 2007年“五一”黄金周期间,山西应县游客猛增,比2005年增长142.2%,创游览人数新高。其中还有一千多名远道而来的台湾佛教信众,众所周知今年是应县木塔建成九百五十周年纪念日。但他们千里迢迢来的目的,却不仅仅是游览蜚声海内外的千年宝塔,更重要的是,他们要来瞻礼应县佛宫寺释迦塔(应县木塔)内供奉的佛教圣物——两颗佛牙舍利。

据记载,公元486年,释迦牟尼80岁涅槃时共留下八万余颗舍利,其中也包括至高无上的佛牙舍利。 而今日之佛教界,对释迦牟尼荼毗后究竟留下多少颗佛牙舍利,看法不一。一说佛灭度后留下四颗佛牙舍利,另一说佛灭度后留下七颗佛牙舍利。 不过此前佛教人士和文物考古专家称,北京西山八大处灵光寺的佛牙舍利、斯里兰卡康提市佛牙寺的佛牙舍利,是已被认证的两颗佛牙舍利。那么其他的佛牙舍利又流失何方呢。近两年在山西应县佛宫寺释迦塔(应县木塔)的被进一步认证的佛牙是佛祖释迦牟尼的灵牙舍利吗?这一论证结果引起了佛教界空前重视,是一次极为重大的发现。 据了解,佛牙舍利上世纪60年代现世的应县佛宫寺释迦塔(应县木塔)建於辽代,是世界上现存最高和最古老的全木结构佛塔。一九七四年,木塔维修时,发现了一批珍贵文物,如金、银、琉

璃、水晶、砗磲、赤珠、琥珀等佛教“七珍八宝”,而最有价值的当属这二颗佛教圣物——佛牙舍利。 佛牙舍利的发现 应县木塔举世闻名,但木塔内秘藏的辽代珍贵文物的来龙去脉却鲜为人知。文革浩劫之初,塔内塑像遭到破坏。1966年10月19日,一游客登塔游览,在三层佛坛座下拣起花式银盒一个,内装七珍与佛牙舍利,共35件,交给时任木塔管理员保存。 1974年7月28日,由国家文物局古建专家祁英涛主持,有国家、省、地、县共七位文物专家祁英涛、李竹君、孟繁兴、李世温、张畅耕、刘乃勤、张永泉参加的对木塔的各层塑像自上而下检查残破状况并研究保护措施。 意外地从四层主佛像发现了大批辽代秘藏。经过研究认为:1966年在木塔三层佛座下,发现的花式银盒,内盛七宝、佛牙

相关文档
最新文档