高考英语语法知识点专题复习—数词

高考英语语法知识点专题复习—数词
高考英语语法知识点专题复习—数词

高考英语语法知识点专题复习—数词

数词---基础篇

基数词: 表示人或事物数量多少的词.

序数词: 表示人或事物的顺序的词.

一. 基数词:

1. 基数词的读法.

1) 1---12: one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve

2) 13---19: 词尾加-teen: thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen

3) 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90: 逢十词尾加-ty: twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety

4) 21----99: 在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.

21--- twenty-one 99---ninety-nine

5) 101---999: 先说几百, 再加and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.

101---one hundred and one 238----two hundred and thirty-eight

6) 1000以上的数: 先将数字从右往左数, 每三位数用一个逗号隔开, 从右往左第一个逗号表示“千”读thousand 第二个逗号表示“百万”读million 第三个逗号表示“十亿”读billion

18, 657, 421---eighteen million, six hundred and fifty-seven thousand, four hundred and twenty-one.

二. 序数词:

基数词变序数词:

口诀: 基变序, 有规律, 词尾要加th .一二三, 特殊记, 词尾分别tdd(first second

third )八去t , 九去e, ve要用f替. ty变作tie, 再加th莫忘记.若遇几十几, 只变个位就可以.

三. 数词的应用:

1. 表编号:

结构: 名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词= the +序数词+名词

Lesson One = the first lesson

注:有些编号,一般仅用第一种表达法。Room 101 101号房间

2. 序数词前一般加定冠词the 但序数词前与不定冠词a /an 连用时, 表示“又一,再一”

You’ve done it three times. Why not try ____fourth time ?

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

3. 数词前加every, 表示每……/每隔…… .

every ten days =every ninth day 每十天(每隔九天)

注:every +基数词+复数名词= every + (序数词-1) +单数名词

4. 基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄

1) 表示年代: in the + 年份的复数在几世纪几十年代.

在十九世纪七十年代. _________________________.

2) 表年龄: in one’s + 整十的复数表示在某人几十岁时

在他四十岁时: ___________________.

5. hundred / thousand /million /billion

1). 若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时, 其后不加s, 也不加of .若没有时, 既加s 也要带of .

Every year _______ visitors come to China.

There are two _______ students in our school.

A. thousand

B. thousands

C. thousands of

D. thousand of

2). 若其前有a few 、many、several 修饰时,通常用复数,后接of.

3). 若名词前有the修饰时,用单数,后接of

Two ______the students in our school are from the countryside .

A. hundred

B. hundred of

C. hundreds of

D. hundreds

6. 几个半的表达法:

基数词+ and + a half +名词复数= 基数词+名词(单数/复数) +and +a half two and a half hours = two hours and a half

7. 时刻表达法:

1) 整点: 基数词+ o’clock

2) 几点几分:

A). 直接读法: 先读小时, 后读分钟3:25 ---- three twenty-five

B). 间接读法:

a)≤30分钟. 分钟+ past + 小时3:25 ----twenty-five past three

b)>30分钟. ( 60-分钟)+ to + (小时数+1) 3:55 ----- five to four

c) 30 分钟= half 15分钟=a quarter 45分钟= three quarters

3:30 ---half past three 3:15----a quarter past three 3:45 ----a quarter to four 8. 日期表达法:

结构: 1). 月, 日, 年(日用序数词, 年用基数词)

注:年份的读法: 先读前两位数,再读后两位数. 读日时要加the.

1900---nineteen hundred 1807----eight and seven (eight o seven)

2008---two thousand eight

2007年3月21日.--- March the twenty-first, two thousand and seven.

2). 日月年(the +序数词+of +月, 年)

2007年3月21日---the twenty-first of March, two thousand and seven.

9. 分数词的表达法:

1). 结构:

a). 分子用基数词,分母用序数词. b). 当分子大于1时, 分母加复数.

3/4--- three fourths (three-fourths)

2). 注意:

a). 分数词的几种特殊形式.

1/3—one third = a third 1/4—one fourth = a quarter

1/2—one second = a half 3/4—three fourths = three quarters

b). 分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.

Two fifths of the milk ______(be ) drunk by Tom .

One third of the students _______(be )girls .

第八讲座:数词---提高篇

1. 基数词、序数词和分数词的构成及基本用法。

2. 数词作主语时的主谓一致。

数词主要包括基数词、序数词和分数词。基数词是表示数目多少的数词,序数词是表示先后顺序的数词。分数词由基数词和序数词构成。

一、基数词:

1. hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等前有具体数字或several, a few 等修饰时,一般不用复数;在表示不确切数目时,可用复数。如:

1、Several million people in the world are using this brand of toothpaste every day.

2、My teacher went to the bookstore and bought dozens of books.

2. 表示年岁时,用“in one’s +逢十的基数词的复数”。如:in his forties。

3. 表示年代时,用“in the +逢十的基数词的复数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示,可直接加s,也可加’s。如:in the 1950’s / 1950s。

二、序数词:

1. 序数词前通常要加定冠词the或与物主代词一起使用,在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语等。

2. 序数词前也可加不定冠词,表示“再一,又一”。如:a third time, a third and a fourth等。

三、分数词:

1. 分数词是由基数词和序数词构成,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示;除了分子为1的情况下,序数词都要用复数形式。如:1/3 one third;3/5 three fifths。

2. “分数/百分数+ of +名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词的数与名词或代词的数保持一致。如:

1、Two-thirds of her spare time is spent on housework.

2、80 percent of the houses were damaged in the big earthquake.

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