定语从句知识结构图解

概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词

⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词

②指物的先行词

★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。

He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情)

先行词

①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）

关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）

③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）

定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词

标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类

关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定

（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）

关系副词：在从句中作状语

(When/where/why)

⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。

①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。

定He is a teacher who works at our school.

定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)

语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.

比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)

从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)

句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语

She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)

②关系代词在定语从句中作表语

⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)

限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略

Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.

比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.

（此时只能用which且不能省略）

①以疑问词who开头的句子中

定语从句几个难点Who is the man that is shouting there?

②关系代词在从句中作表语时

用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be.

③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰

This is the very person that we are looking for.

⒉先行词是人

that/who的区别①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等

Those who want to go to the cinema will have to

wait at the gate of the school.

②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一

用who的情况个用who

Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

③在there be 结构中

There are many young men who are against him.

④在非限定性定语从句当中

Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.

①在非限定性定语从句中.

She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.

②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语.

The pen with which you write is Jack’s.

用which的情况③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系

词用that,另一个用which.

Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the

library which is newly open to us.

①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,

⒊先行词是物anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等

that / which的区别She did all that she could to help us.

②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only,

the very, the right，the last等所修饰时

This is the very book that I want.

③先行词中既有人又有物时

She described in her compositions the people and

用that的情况the places that impressed her most.

④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the best book that I have ever read.

This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.

⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用

which, 另外一个用that

He built a factory which produced things that had

never been seen before.

定⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that

Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

语定语从句10个难点①As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定

句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。常用于以下句型当中

从★Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样the same …. as…和…...同样的

A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday.

句⒋As引导定语从He is not the same man as he was.

句的用法②引导非限制性定语从句，此时

译为“正如，像”等。可以放在句首，句中或句末。

As I remember, there were a net bar here.

Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.

★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别

This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事物)

This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. （同类事物）

①When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. （when=on which）

②Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等

Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which)

③Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.

⒌关系副词的运用I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. (why = for which)

★

★case(情形)，situation,

position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等

What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication?

在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。（此时where = in which）

① way that / in which / 不填

The way in which / that / 不填he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.

比较: The way which /that/不填he told to us was quite simple.

（★way在定语中作tell的宾语）

表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句

⒍几个特殊②先行词time This is the first time that the president has visited the country.

的先行词time作“一段时间”讲时，应用关系副词when

This was the time when there were no radios, no telephones or no

TV sets. （★此时when = during which 在..期间）

③先行词reason4种引导方式

why/for which/that/不填

This is the reason why/for which/that/不填he can not come here.

比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the

conference. （★reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语）

★该结构的关系代词只有两种即介词+which（指物）介词+whom（指人）

★该结构介词的选用原则：

①根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配

This is the book on which I spent $ 8.

This is the book for which I paid $ 8.

②根据先行词的搭配习惯

I remember the days during which I lived there.

I remember the day on which I graduated from university.

⒎介词+关系代词③根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定

The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.

④英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。

Here is the money with which to buy the piano.

She is the right person on whom to depend.

定注意:Ⅰ如果介词后移，关系代词可以省略

The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd.

语定语从句10个难点Ⅱ有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如

look for/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about deal with等从This is the baby that you will look after.

句①当先行词是one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式

⒏定语从句的every year.

主谓一致②当先行词是 the only + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式

moon.

③先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数

Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.

He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.

定语从句可以转换为–ing或-ed形式

⒐定语从句的The girl (who is) dancing now just returned from Taiwan.

转化I love the stories (which were) written by Hemingway.

The man (who stands) standing there is my friend.

①判断从句是否为定语从句（先行词，关系词，定语从句）

②准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)

10.定语从句的从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词

解题方法例：Is this the museum ___ you visited a few days ago?

Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held？

A. where

B. that

C. on which

D. what

注意：Ⅰ.关系代词whose的用法。Whose在定语从句中做定语。

Do you know the boy whose parents / the parents of whom are on holiday?

I’d like a room whose window / the window of which faces the sea.

Ⅱ.That引导定语从句，名词性从句和强调句型的区别

定语从句中的that: 关系代词，在后面的定语从句中做句子成分。

名词性从句中的that: 从属连词，只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分。

强调句中的that, 运用于it is/was…that..结构；判断标准：去掉强调句型结构，成分仍然完整。

(that 引导定语从句)

(that和前面的it is构成强调句型)

(that 引导名词性从句--同位语从句)

(that引导名词性从句--主语从句)

(that引导名词性从句--宾语从句) The reason for your failure is that you lack confidence in yourself. (that 引导名词性从句--表语从句)

定语从句练习题：

1. They will fly to Washington, _______ they plan to stay for two or three days.

A. where

B. there

C. which

D. when

2. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _______ are beyond our control.

A. most of them

B. most of which

C. most of what

D. most of that

3. I will give you my friend’s home address, _____ I can be reached most evenings.

A. which

B. when

C. whom

D. where

4. All the neighbors admire this family, _______ the parents are treating their child like a friend.

A. why

B. where

C. which

D. that

5. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, _______ there won’t be much work.

定语从句知识结构图解

定语从句知识结构图解概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词 ⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 ②指物的先行词 ★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词 ①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用） ③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用） ⒉关系词: 引导定语的词标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语 (When/where/why) ⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。 ①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。定He is a teacher who works at our school. 定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开) 语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history. 比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.) 从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons) 句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) ②关系代词在定语从句中作表语 ⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略 Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested. （此时只能用which且不能省略） ①以疑问词who开头的句子中定语从句几个难点Who is the man that is shouting there? ②关系代词在从句中作表语时用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be. ③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰 This is the very person that we are looking for. ⒉先行词是人 that/who的区别①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. ②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一用who的情况个用who Who is the boy that won the gold medal? ③在there be 结构中 There are many young men who are against him. ④在非限定性定语从句当中 Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系副词有：when, where, why, how。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习

高中英语---定语从句一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。

知识结构图

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