2000年9月全国计算机等级考试四级笔试试题

2000年9月全国计算机等级考试四级笔试试题
2000年9月全国计算机等级考试四级笔试试题

全国计算机等级考试四级笔试试题(2000年9月)

(考试时间180分钟,满分100分)

一、选择题:(共70题,每题1分,满分70分。其中1-55题为中文题,56-70题为英文题)。

下列各题A)、B)、C)、D)四个选项中,只有一个是正确的,请将正确选项涂写在答题卡相应位置上,答在试卷上不得分。

(1) 计算机控制器的核心是

A) 时序产生器B) 程序计数器C) 操作控制器D) 指令寄存器

(2) 若一个子程序起始地址为2K,调用指令CALL的内存地址为K+2,则执行CALL指令所

要执行指令的地址为

A) 2K B) 2K+1 C) 2K-1 D) K+3

(3) 2000年3月17日生效的标准GB18030-2000共收录汉字的数目为

A) 6763个B) 7360个C) 17000个D) 27000个

(4) 栈S最多能容纳4个元素。现在6个元素按A、B、C、D、E、F的顺序进栈,下列哪一

个序列不是可能的出栈序列?

A) A、B、C、D、E、F B) A、F、E、D 、C、B

C) C、B、E、D、A、F D) C、D、B、F、E、A

(5) 由四个结点可以构造出多少种不同的二叉树?

A) 4 B) 5 C) 14 D) 15

(6) 下图所示为一棵二叉排序树,其存储采取llink-rlink法。现要删除指针q所指的结点,下

面哪一个操作序列不能得到正确的结果?

A) q^.info:=q^.llink^.info;

q^.llink:=nil;

B) q^.info:=q^.rlink^.llink^.info;

q^.rlink^.llink:=nil;

C) p^·llink:=q^·llink;

p^.llink^.rlink:=q^.rlink;

D) p^.llink:=q^.rllink;

p^.llink^.rlink:=q^.llink;

(7) 设散列表的当前状态如下:

A) 0.27 B) 0.42 C) 0.58 D) 0.73

(8) 下面关于有向图的运算的叙述中,哪个(些)是正确的?

Ⅰ. 求有向图结点的拓扑序列,其结果必定是唯一的

Ⅱ. 求两个指向结点间的最短路径,其结果必定是唯一的

Ⅲ. 求事件结点网络的关键路径,其结果必定是唯一的

A) 只有ⅠB) Ⅰ和ⅡC) 都正确D) 都不正确

(9) 下列命题公式中哪个(些)为重言式?

Ⅰ. ((p∨q)→r┌) →((p→r)∧(q→r))

Ⅱ. (p→(q∨r)) →((p→q )∧(p→r))

Ⅲ. ((p→q)∧(p→r)) →((p→r)

Ⅳ. ((p∨q)∧(p→r))←(p→r)

A) ⅢB) Ⅰ和ⅢC) Ⅰ和ⅡD) Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ

(10) 设A、B、C、D为任意的集合,下面命题中为假的是

A) A-B=B当且仅当A=B=?∩???? B) 若A?B∧C?D,则(A?C) ? ( B? D)

C) 若A?B∧C?D,则(A?C) ? ( B? D) D) A-B=A?~B

(11) 设f:Z×Z→Z,f()=n2k,其中Z为整数集合,下面哪些命题为真?

Ⅰ. f是满射的

Ⅱ. f是单射的

Ⅲ. f-1(N)=Z×N(N为自然数集合)

Ⅳ. f(z{1})=N

A) Ⅰ和ⅡB) Ⅰ和ⅣC) Ⅰ和ⅢD) 全为真

(12) 设N为自然数集合, 在下面四种运算下不构成代数系统的是

A) x*y=x+y-2-x-y B) x*y=x+y C) x*y=x-y D) x*y=|x|+|y|

(13) 设七阶(即七个顶点)无向图G为k—正则图,下面列出k值中哪个(些)对于上述命题不

成立?

Ⅰ. k=4

Ⅱ. k=5

Ⅲ. k=6

Ⅳ. k=7

A) Ⅱ和ⅣB) 只有ⅣC) Ⅰ、Ⅱ和ⅣD) 全部

(14) 下列命题中哪个一定为真?

A) 若无向图G为极大平面图,则G的对偶图G`也是极大平面图

B) G为非无向连通图当且仅当G的边连通度λ(G)=0

C) 若能将无向图G的所有顶点排在G的同一个初级回路上,则G为哈密顿图

D) 若G为n阶m条边r个面的平面图,则n-m +r=2工程所需的最长时间。

(15) 下列关于网络操作系统和分布式操作系统的叙述中,哪个是正确的

Ⅰ. 它们都通过消息实现通信

Ⅱ. 它们都运行相同的操作系统

Ⅲ. 它们都有网络的支持

A) 只有ⅠB) 只有ⅡC) 只有ⅢD) 都不正确

(16) 当系统正在处理某一中断时,若要防止同级中断的干扰,可采取下列哪一种手段?

A) 中断优先级B) 中断屏蔽C) 中断嵌套D) 中断响应

(17) 下列关于进程控制块PCB的叙述中,哪些是正确的?

Ⅰ. 系统利用PCB描述进程的基本静态特征

Ⅱ. PCB可用于描述进程的运动变化过程

Ⅲ. 一个进程唯一对应一个PCB

A) Ⅰ和ⅡB) Ⅱ和ⅢC) Ⅰ和ⅢD) 全都正确

(18) 在采用非抢占式进程调度方式下,下列哪一种情况不会引起进程切换?

A) 一个更高优先级的进程就绪B) 时间片到

C) 进程运行完毕D) 进程执行P操作

(19) 在多道程序系统中,内存中既有操作系统,又有许多用户程序。为使系统正确运行,要采

取存储保护措施以防止

Ⅰ.地址越界

Ⅱ.操作越权

A) 只有ⅠB) 只有ⅡC) Ⅰ和ⅢD) 都不正确

(20) 在文件系统中,若要实现文件拷贝功能,可利用已有的系统调用,它们是

A) create,open,read,write,close

B) create,open,read,write,delete

C) create,open,read,write

D) create,read,write,close

(21) 在多道程序系统中,多个进程可对共享设备进行同时访问。因此,在实现时应考虑下列哪

些问题?

Ⅰ. 正确性

Ⅱ. 系统性能

Ⅲ. 合理性

A) Ⅰ和ⅡB) Ⅱ和ⅢC) Ⅰ和ⅢD) 都正确

(22) 下列关于UNIX的叙述中,不正确的是

A) UNIX的文件系统是树型结构的,便于管理和检索

B) UNIX提供了丰富的软件工具,如实用程序、文本工具和开发工具

C) UNIX把普通文件、目录文件和设备文件分别以不同方式进行管理

D) UNIX是多用户、多任务的分时操作系统

(23) 在UNIX系统中,组成UNIX执行环境的是一系列

A) 环境变量B) 管道C) 特殊文件D) 管理命令

(24) 软件开发的结构化生命周期方法将软件生命周期划分成

A) 计划阶段、开发阶段、运行阶段B) 计划阶段、编程阶段、测试阶段

C) 总体设计、详细设计、编程调试D) 需求分析、功能定义、系统设计

(25) 数据流图是常用的进行软件需求分析的图形工具,其基本图形符号是

A) 输入、输出、外部实体和加工

B) 变换、加工、数据流和存储

C) 加工、数据流、数据存储和外部实体

D) 变换、数据存储、加工和数据流

(26) 判定表和判定树是数据流图中用以描述加工的工具,它常描述的对象是

A) 逻辑判断B) 层次分解C) 操作条目D) 组合条件

(27) 模块独立性是软件模块化所提出的要求,衡量模块独立性的度量标准则是模块的

A) 抽象和住处隐蔽B) 局部化和封装化

C) 内聚性和耦合性D) 激活机制和控制方法

(28) 软件设计一般分为总体设计和详细设计,它们之间的关系是

A) 全局和局部B) 抽象和具体

C) 总体和层次D) 功能和结构

(29) 软件的复审是保证软件质量的必要手段,下述

Ⅰ.软件的可追溯性

Ⅱ.软件的可维护性

Ⅲ.方案的可选择性

Ⅳ.接口的明确性

哪些是软件复审时所涉及的技术内容?

A) Ⅰ和ⅡB) Ⅰ、Ⅱ和ⅢC) Ⅱ和ⅢD) 都正确

(30) 原型化方法是软件开发中一类常用的方法,它与结构化方法相比较,更需要

A) 明确的需求定义B) 完整的生命周期

C) 较长的开发时间D) 熟练的开发人员

(31) 软件测试是软件开发的重要环节,而进行软件测试的目的是

A) 证明软件错误不存在B) 证明软件错误的存在

C) 改正程序所有的错误D) 发现程序所有的错误

(32) 软件维护是保证软件正常、有效运行的重要手段,而软件的下述特性:

Ⅰ.可测试性

Ⅱ.可理解性

Ⅲ.可修改性

Ⅳ.可移植性

哪个(些)有利于软件的维护?

A) 只有ⅠB) Ⅱ和ⅢC) Ⅰ、Ⅱ和ⅢD) 都有利

(33) 数据库的三级模式结构由外模式、模式和内模式组成,它适合于哪个(些)类型的数据库?

Ⅰ. 关系型数据库Ⅱ. 层次型数据库Ⅲ. 网状型数据库

A) 只有ⅠB) Ⅰ和ⅡC) Ⅱ和ⅢD) 都适合

(34) 设关系R和关系S的元素分别是3和4,关系T是R与S的笛卡尔积,即:T=R>×S,则

关系T的元数是

A) 7 B) 9 C) 12 D) 16

(35) 在SQL语言中的表(Table)是数据库的

A) 内模式B) 模式C) 外模式D) 概念模式

(36) 设有关系R和S,在下列的关系运算中,哪一种运算不要求:“R和S具有相同的元数,且

它们对应属性的数据类型也相同”?

A) R?S B) R∩S C) R-S D) R×S

(37) 设有关系R(A,B,C,D),其函数依赖集F={A→B,A→C,BD},则关系R至多满足

A) 1NF B) 2NF C) 3NF D) BCNF

(38) 设有关系R(A,B,C),在下列的等式中,哪一个是不成立的?

A) σA<2(πA, B(R))=πA, B(σA<2 (R))

B) πA, C(σA<2(R))=σA<2(πA, C(R))

C) πB, C(σA<2(R))=σA<2(πB,C(R))

D) πA(πA, B (R))=π A (R)

(39) 关系数据模型通常由三部分组成,它们是

A) 数据结构,数据通信,关系操作

B) 数据结构,关系操作,完整性约束

C) 数据通信,关系操作,完整性约束

D) 数据结构,数据通信,完整性约束

(40) 在关系数据库设计中,对关系进行规范化处理,使关系达到一定的范式,例如达到3NF,

这是哪个设计阶段的内容?

A) 需求分析阶段B) 概念设计阶段

C) 逻辑设计阶段D) 物理设计阶段

(41) 如果有两个事务,同时对数据库中同一数据进行操作,不会引起冲突的操作是

A) 其中有一个是DELETE

B) 一个是SELECT,另一个是UPDATE

C) 两个都是SELECT

D) 两个都是UPDA TE

(42) 通过计算机某些部分的改进而获得的性能增益可以用阿姆达尔定律计算出来,该定律指出:利用更快的执行方式而获得的性能改善所受到的限制是

A) 该方式所占的空间大小B) 该方式所占的时间比例

C) 该方式所占的芯片多少D) 该方式所占的流水位置

(43) 计算机体系结构的一个重要区别是CPU内部的存储类型,就是说从存储器取来操作数后把

它暂存在什么地方。在微型机中采用的暂存机制是

A) 堆栈与累加器B) 堆栈与寄存器集

C) 累加器集D) 累加器与通用寄存器

(44) 在指令编码优化过程中,哈夫曼编码的核心思想是

A) 使用频率高的指令用短码表示

B) 使用频率高的指令用长码表示

C) 使用频率高的指令用理论码表示

D) 使用频率高的指令用等长码表示

(45) RISC的关键技术是寄存器窗口重叠技术,这项技术很好地支持过程调用和返回操作。这里

所谓的重叠是指

A) 全局寄存器与高位寄存器重叠

B) 全局寄存器与局部寄存器重叠

C) 高位寄存器与低位寄存器重叠

D) 高位寄存器与局部寄存器重叠

(46) 奔腾处理器已经普遍采用超流水线技术。所谓超流水线技术就是

A) 把普通流水线的主频大大提高B) 多建立几条流水线而已

C) 用多指令分发技术D) 细化流水、增加级数、提高主频

(47) 在存储体系中,两个重要层次是高速缓存与主存、主存与辅存,这两层次的共同点是

A) 都为提高存储体系的速度B) 都需要硬件来实现

C) 地址变换,失效时要替换D) 都对程序员透明

(48) 通道实质上是主存与I/O设备之间的DMA接口在逻辑上的延伸。适合连接多台高速设备

的通道是

A) 字节多路通道B) 选择通道C) 组多路通道D) 块多路通道

(49) 目前计算机网络的通信子网中所采用的转输技术可以有两类,即点一点方式与

A) 物理网络B) 广播方式C) 数字方式D) 软件方式

(50) 随着光纤技术、多媒体技术、高分辨率动态图像与文件传输技术的发展,CCITT希望设计

出将语音、数据、静态与动态图像等所有服务综合于一个网中传输的通信网,这种通信网络就是

A) B-ISDN B) Fast Ethernet C) Internet D) Switching LAN

(51) 网络中的计算机之间要做到有条不紊地交换数据就必须遵守网络协议,一个网络协议主要

包括三个要素,即

A) 语法、原语与数据B) 语义、数据与软件

C) 层次、接口与原语D) 语法、语义与时序

(52) 当PCM用于数字化语音系统时,它将声音分为128个量化级,每个量化级采用7位二进

制码表示。由于采样速率为8000样本/秒,因此,数据传输速率应该达到

A) 2880bps B) 56Kbps C) 144Kbps D) 1200bps

(53) 具有分时系统文件管理的全部功能,提供网络用户访问文件、目录的并发控制与安全保密

功能的局域网服务器叫做

A) 电子邮件服务器B) WWW服务器

C) 文件服务器D) FTP服务器

(54) 在网络层实现多个局域网互连的设备是

A) 集线器B) 网桥C) 路由器D) 网关

(55) 在WWW系统中,用户可以根据需要自动从一台Web Server搜索到其他任何一台Web

Server,它所采用的是

A) 超文本(hypertext)技术B) 超链接(hyperlink)技术

C) 超媒体(hypermedia)技术D) 超文本标注语言HTML

(56) Give the logical variables X=Y=1, The value of X V Y(logical addition) is

A) 1 B) 2 C) 10 D) 0

(57) The Programming Counter (PC) is normally used to point out

A) Programmed execution instruction

B) The address of last execution instruction

C) The address of current execution instruction

D) The address of next execution instruction

Items (58) and (59) are based on the following Pascal code.

FOR i:=1 TO n –1 do

BEGIN

k:=i:

FOR j:=i+1 TO n DO

IF A[j]

THEN k:=j:

IF k<>i

THEN BEGIN

X:=A[k];

A[k]:=A[i];

A[i]:=x

END

END;

(58) The sorting method described by the code is called

A) Insertion sort B) Selection sort C) Radix sort D) Merge sort

(59) Suppose elements in array A are already sorted ascending order of their values when the code

begins to run, then execution time of the code will be

A) O(log2n) B) O(n) C) O(nlog2n) D) O(n2)

(60) Assume that N=2M and FIFO is used. If the string p1,p2,…,pN is repeated three times, then the

number of page faults is

A) N/2 B) N C) 2N D) 3N

(61) Chang, Tian and An are three users of the system. Chang and An are in the same group. Tian

is a Super User. Which of the following rights is inconsistent with the given policies?

A) Tian has W(write) access to An’s Mail files

B) Tian has E(execute) access to An’s Mail files

C) Chian has R(read) access to An’s text files

D) Tian has E(execute) access to Chang’s Binary files

(62) Software Engineering Economy is an effective part of software engineering, which of the

following content is the research comtent of software engineering economy?

Ⅰ.Estimation of software development cost

Ⅱ.Earn & Cost analysis of software development

Ⅲ.Adjustment of software development progress

A) Ⅲonly B) Ⅱand ⅢC) Ⅰand ⅡD) all

(63) Prototype method is one of the software engineering methods frequently used, which of the

following item is the necessary condition for implementing prototype method?

Ⅰ.Can acquire the user requirement quickly

Ⅱ.Have the tools for building software fast

Ⅲ.Have a certain accumulation of prototype systems

A) Ⅰonly B) Ⅰand ⅡC) Ⅱand ⅢD) all

(64) ORACLE RDBMS is a distributed DBMS. Which of the following techniques adapted ensure

atomicity of distributed transaction?

A) remote procedure call (RPC) B) Two _phases commit (2PC)

C) Snapshots D) triggers

(65) In order to get names of schoolboys(SEX=‘M’)whose age=22, from a relation

S(SNO,SNAME,SEX,AGE),which of the following expressions is (are) correct?

Ⅰ.πsname(σsex=’M’^age=22(S))

Ⅱ.σsex=’M’^age=22(πsname(S))

A) Ⅰonly B) Ⅱonly C) Ⅰand ⅡD) neither

(66) In order to improve the performance of a network server, you need to select bus or local bus.

The appropriate local bus is

A) VESA B) PCI C) EISA D) ISA

(67) In terms of M.J.Flynn’s taxonomy, the systolic array falls into

A) SISD B) MIMD C) SIMD D) MISD

(68) In the WAN, when a point-to-point subnet is used, an important design issue is the roucer

interconnection

A) topology B) computer C) service D) lines

(69) In the Ethernet LAN, an algorithm was chosen to dynarnically adapt to the number of stations

trying to send. It is called

A) backward learning B) binary exponential backoff

C) spanning tree D) CRC

(70) The typical firewall consists of two packet filters and a (an)

A) router B) bridge C) application D) server

二、论述题(四个论述题可任选其一,并只选其一,多选无效,满分30分)

论述题1

设计一个用于管理会议室的数据库。经调查分析,得到的数据项列出如下:

房间号r# CHAR(4),部门号d# CHAR(3),部门名称dname CHAR(20),

房间容量content INT,部门主管dmanager CHAR(8),开会日期mdate DA TE,

会议名称cname CHAR(20),会议主题(subject)CHAR(80),会议类型(type),

部门人数dnum INT,当前房间状态state CHAR(1),

并确定以会议室(room)信息,部门(department)信息,会议(conference)信息为实体,它们通过“开会(meeting)”联系起来。为了简化问题做如下假定:

●会议以部门召开,但一个部门在同一会议室不能重复召开同一个会议。

●会议室按部门借用,且不预借。

●当前房间状态取值为‘1’表示该会议室当前正在开会,取值为‘0’表示该会议室当

前未被借用。

数据库概念设计的只包含主键属性的简化E-R图如下:

⑴数据库的逻辑结构设计:给出相应的表名、表的属性名(数据类型可省)、主键。(14分)

⑵给出下列查询的SQL语句:(16分,每小题4分)

a) 当前未借用的会议室(房间号)和容量:

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c) 2000年4月8日‘信息中心’在哪个会议室(房间号)开会?会议名称和主题是什

么?

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原型化方法或称快速原型化方法是一种当前常用的软件工程方法,尽管其特征民传统的结构化生命周期法有所不同,但从原型化方法的演变仔细分析,仍可看出它与结构化方法的内在联系,试回顾两种方法的发展特征和演进历史并论述下述问题:

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论述题3

⒈进程调度的主要功能。(8分)

⒉何时可进行进程调度?(8分)

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论述题4

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论点1正确吗?为什么?(10分)

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(10分)

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