高考英语词法固定短语知识点全集汇编及解析(4)
高考英语词法固定短语知识点全集汇编及解析(4)
一、选择题
1．We had lots of good applicants for the job, but one _________ from the rest.
A．made out B．stood out C．picked out D．figured out 2．China is a racially mixed country, in which various ethnic(民族) groups bring their own unique flavors to each corner of the country, which adds ________ people's table.
A．to great variety of B．great variety to
C．to a great variety of D．the great variety to
3．The employee you had thought highly dishonest.
A．of proving B．of proved C．of to prove D．of being proved 4．The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.
A．sake B．lack
C．ignorance D．knock
5．______ catch the first bus, he got up very early this morning.
A．In order to B．In order that C．So to D．So that
6．Don't interrupt;just hear me_______before you start talking.
A．on B．off C．out D．over 7．According to strict guidelines, Japan’s new era name(年号) ______ only two characters should be easy to read and write. ______ that, it should not employ common names or the first character of any of the last four eras.
A．making up; Apart from B．consisting of; Aside from
C．which made up of; Besides D．which consisted of; Except for
8．Peter _____ eat a lot of meat, but now he _____ a vegetarian diet.
A．was used to; used to B．used to; is used to
C．used to; gets used to D．got used to; is used to
9．In Britain today women ________ 44% of the workers and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A．go up B．bring up C．hold up D．make up
10．— My cousin would like to risk ____the weight-loss pills rather than ____in a gym.—Really ? She must be mad.
A．to take; work out B．to take ; working out
C．taking, working out D．taking; work out
11．China,a country with a strong sense of duty,never hesitates to_______to help other countries. A．reach out B．turn out C．work out D．come out
12．A healthy diet and adequate physical exercises are the keys ______ a better life.
A．of having B．to have C．for having D．to having
13．Our school__________ the students to collect used batteries, ___________ a better environment.
A．appealed; in the hope of B．appealed; in the hope that
C．appealed to; in the hope of D．appealed to; in the hope that
14．No one knows exactly when the first wheel ________ or what it was used for.
A．was come into being B．came in existence
C．came into existence D．was existed
15．His dream has at last _____.
A．come true B．been come true C．realized D．being realized 16．It turned out that this material was neither silk ________cotton.
A．or B．nor C．not D．no
17．-------Do you need any help, Lucy?
-------Yes. The job is _________ I could do myself.
A．less than B．more than C．no more than D．not more than 18．A recent survey shows that only a ________ of the children do some reading every day, while most of them prefer playing games.
A．Few B．little C．minority D．majority
19．________ that the small village ________ him. He knows almost everything about it. A．There is no doubt; is familiar with B．There is no doubt; is familiar to
C．It is no doubt; is familiar with D．It is no doubt; is familiar to
20．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.
A．in view of B．in need of C．in touch with D．in harmony with 21．everyone here，I wish you a pleasant journey back to your journey.
A．By means of B．On behalf of C．In search of D．For fear of 22．The most important lesson that the spread of Co-19 virus has taught us is that wild life is of equal importance as human life and the only way for us to survive is to live________nature. A．in view of B．in need of
C．in touch with D．in harmony with
23．My father is lively and____, but he is not very patient_____me.
A．energy; with B．energetic; with
C．energy; of D．energetic; of
24．Most of them were ___________ my opinion while David was against it.
A．in honor of B．in favor of C．in search of D．in memory of 25．He was allowed to go swimming _______ he kept near the other boys.
A．on condition that B．as far as C．even if D．as though
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我们有很多很好的求职者，但有一个从其他人中脱颖而出。A. made out理解；辨认出；B. stood out 突出；站出来；C. picked out 挑选出；D. figured out解决；算出。根据but和前半句句意可知，有很多求职者，而与后半句的one相对比，形成转折关系，所以stood out符合题意，表示只有一人脱颖而出，形成对比。故选B。
2．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词和固定短语。句意：中国是一个多种族的国家，在中国，各民族团体将他们独有的味道带到国家的各个角落，增添了人们餐桌的多样性。分析句子可知，各族人民不同的口味增加了人们餐桌的多样性，A、B选项中的add...... to意为“把......加到......”,great variety没有特指，所以不加the。故选B项。
3．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查句子结构分析、固定短语和谓语动词。句意：你高度评价的那个雇员证明是不诚实的。主干句为：那个雇员证明是不诚实的。句中缺少谓语动词，所以用prove是谓语动词，表示“证明是”，prove是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。you had thought highly___ 是定语从句，修饰the employee，表示“对……高度评价”，应用短语think highly of，the employee在从句中作介词of的宾语。综上，空处应填of proved。故选B。
4．B
解析：B
【解析】
考查名词。for the sake of为了……的缘故；for lack of由于缺少；ignorance无知；knock敲打，敲击。句意：探险家因为缺少新鲜的蔬菜和水果，得了一种血液病。根据句意应选B。
5．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：为了赶上第一班公交，他今天早晨起得非常早。分析句子，前半句没有主谓，不是从句，所以不能用that引导，in order to……为固定短语，作目的状语，意为“为了做某事”，可以放句首。故选A项。
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：不要打断我，在你开始说之前先听我把话说完。根据“Don't interrupt”可知此处表示“听我说完”，hear sb out是固定短语，表示“听某人把话说完”，故C项正确。
7．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词和固定短语辨析。句意：根据严格的指导方针，日本新纪元名称只有两个字符，应该便于阅读和书写。除此之外，它不应使用通用名称或过去四个时代中任何一个时代的第一个字符。A. making up; Apart from组成，除……外；B. consisting of; Aside from 由……组成，除……外；C. which made up of; Besides组成，除……外；D. which consisted of; Except for由……组成，除了。分析句子结构可知，第一空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，consist of“由……组成”没有被动形式，故用现在分词作后置定语；第二空应用“处……之外”之意，故选B项。
【点睛】
本题第一空考查be made up of, consist of的区别
这两个短语在意思上相同，都是“由…….组成”，不同之处在于be made up of是被动形式，consist of是用主动形式表达被动意义，即它没有被动形式，例如：
This is our class, made up 50 students. = This is our class, consisting of 50 students.这是我们班，由50人组成。
8．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：彼得过去经常吃很多肉，但现在他习惯于吃素食。选项中词组used to意为“过去常常做某事”，is/get used to意为“习惯于做某事”，根据now可知后面为一般现在时并且表示现在，再根据but前后互为转折关系，故选B。
9．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查up系列动词短语辨析。句意：在当今的英国，女性占了工人总数的44%，将近一半的
妈妈们从事有报酬的工作。A. go up增长，上升；B. bring up养育，培养；C. hold up举起，阻拦；D. make up组成，构成。本题中，女性构成了工人群体的44%，故选D。10．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：——我表妹宁愿冒险吃减肥药也不去健身房。——真的吗？她一定疯了。第一空考查risk doing sth.，是固定搭配，意为“冒险做某事”，所以第一空用taking；would like to do sth. rather than do sth.是固定搭配，意为“宁愿做……，而不愿做……”，所以第二空填work out。故选D项。
11．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：中国，作为一个责任感极强的大国，在向其他国家伸出援手时，从不犹豫。A. reach out伸出（援手）；B. turn out结果是；C. work out解决（问题），锻炼；D. come out出版。分析句子可知，空白处的宾语是不定式to help，应该用reach out表达“伸出（援手）”。故选A项。
12．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：健康的饮食和适当的体育锻炼是拥有更好生活的关键。固定搭配：the key to sth./doing sth.“某事或做某事的关键”，此处to是介词，后面用动名词作宾语。故选D。
13．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我们学校呼吁学生们收集旧电池，希望有一个更好的环境。“呼吁某人做某事”是appeal to sb. to do sth. 其中appeal是不及物动词，后面常加to。第二个空后不是句子，是词语a better environment，表示“怀着……的希望”，用in the hope of。故选C。
14．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：没有人确切知道第一个轮子是什么时候出现的，也不知道它是用来做什么的。根据空后谓语动词was used for.可知，空处谓语动词需一般过去式，表示过去发生的事情；come into existence“出现”，固定短语，所以选项B表达错误，选项A的时态错误；come into being存在；exist存在，不及物动词，没有被动语态，所以选项D错误。故选C。
15．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：他的梦想终于实现了。表示“实现梦想”时，realize的主语是人，come true的主语是物，无被动语态，句中主语是dream应该用come true。根据助动词has可知是现在完成时，故选A。
16．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：结果表明这种材料既不是丝绸也不是棉。“neither...nor…”为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。根据语境可知，本句是说这种材料既不是丝绸的也不是棉的。故选B。
17．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意:-- Lucy，你需要帮助吗？--是的，这个工作超过了我的能力范围。less than少于；more than超过；no more than仅仅；no less than不少于。故选B。
【名师点睛】
考查一些短语的用法是近几年高考的热点，需要考生牢记一些它们的用法，会分析句子的语境进而判断用它们的哪种形式。还需会区分类似的短语的不同用法。
即学即练：This piece of furniture is really inexpensive with a price of _____forty dollars.
A. less than
B. more than
C. no more than
D. no less than
解析：A。句意：这件家具还不到四十美元，实在不贵。
18．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定表达。句意：一项最近的研究表明大多数孩子喜欢玩游戏，只有很小一部分人每天阅读。后面提到了most of them…表示“大多数人……”，那前面就是说剩下的少数人。
a minority of…表示“少数人……”。故选C项。
19．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定句型和固定搭配。句意：毫无疑问，这个小村庄对他来说很熟悉。他几乎无所不知。首先固定句型“There is no doubt that…”，表示“毫无疑问的是”，所以排除C和D。“be familiar to”意思是“为…所熟悉”，主语通常是物。“be familiar with”意思是“熟悉、精通”，主语是人。在这里表示的是村庄对他来说很熟悉，并且主语是物，所以选择 is familiar to。故此题选B。
20．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。A.in view of在……眼里；B.in need of需要；;C.in touch with和……接触； D. In harmony with与……和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词，根据句意，故选D。
【点睛】
短语辨析和单词的考察在试卷中经常出现。通常在介绍一个词语的时候会顺带着列出其固定搭配的短语。对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。当然介词短语的记忆可以结合具体介词以及主要的名词的意思来进行记忆。
21．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我代表在场所有的人，祝愿你们归途愉快。A. By means of 以…的方式; B. On behalf of代表； C. In search of 寻找； D. For fear of担心。根据句意“我代表在场所有的人，祝愿你们归途愉快”。故选B项。
22．D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查词组。句意：Co-19病毒传播给我们的最重要的教训是，野生动物与人类生命同等重要，人类生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。A. in view of “考虑到”；B. in need
of“需要”； C. in touch with“同……有联系”；D. in harmony with“与……协调”。此处指“与自然协调”，故选D。
23．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查形容词和固定搭配。句意：我父亲生气勃勃，精力充沛，但他对我不是很有耐心。第一空用形容词作表语，和and前面的形容词lively在语法结构上保持一致；第二空，固定搭配be patient with…（对……有耐心），应用介词with。故选B项。
24．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：他们中大部分支持我的观点，然而David反对它。A. in honor of为了向……表示敬意；B. in favor of支持；C. in search of寻找；D. in memory of为了纪念。while表示转折，由下文的was against“发对”可知，上文表示支持。故选B。25．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：他被允许去游泳，条件是他待在其他男孩附近。通过分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连接词，A. on condition that只要；B. as far as正如；C. even if即使；D. as though好像。结合语境翻译可知后句是前句成立的条件，因此使用on condition that意为“只要”切合题意。故选A项。
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air 空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角） in the corner 在角落里（内角） on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上 13. in the course of 在～～过程中 in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里 in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使 in the middle of 在～～中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on the side of 在～～一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
(完整版)人教版高中英语短语大全.
高中英语词组大全 A a (large) number of 许多 a bit 一点儿 a block of 一块 a bottle of 一瓶 a few 许多 a good/great deal of 大量（的）；非常多（的）a great/good many 很多的, 非常多的a group of 一群，一组 a little 许多 a lot of/lots of 许多 a pair of 一双，一对 a piece of 一片（张，块） a pile of 一堆 a place of interest 名胜 a set of 一套 a sort of 一种 a type of 一种类型的 a waste of 白费; 浪费 above all 首先；首要 according to 根据...
act as 充当；作；起......的作用 add up to 加起来是 add... to 把.....加到......上 admit doing sth 承认做过某事 advise doing sth 建议做某事 advise sb. against doing sth 建议（劝）某人不要做某事advise sb not to do sth 建议（劝）某人不要做某事advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 afford to do 有经济条件做某事 after a (short) while 不久以后 after all 毕竟；终究 after graduation 毕业以后 again and again 反复地；再三地 agree on 商定；决定；达成共识 agree to do sth 同意做某事 agree to sth 同意(计划或建议) agree with sb/what sb does 同意某人的意见 all along 一直，始终 all day and all night 整日整夜 all kinds of 各种各样的 all night 整夜 all of a sudden 突然，冷不防
高中英语词组固定搭配(打印版)
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