语法知识—感叹句的易错题汇编

语法知识—感叹句的易错题汇编
语法知识—感叹句的易错题汇编

一、选择题

1.__________wonderful time we had watching the birds yesterday!

A.How B.How a C.What a D.What 2.---- interesting the film is?

----Yes, I have seen it twice.

A.What B.How C.What a D.How an 3.fine the weather is!

A.What B.What a C.How

4.________ great fun it is to swim in the sea!

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 5.The self-diving plane proves to be useful in many ways.___smart invention it is! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How

6.—________ cold weather!

—Yes, it is. You should wear warm clothes.

A.What a B.What

C.How D.How a

7.good time we had at the party last night!

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 8.—You enjoyed yourselves during the trip, didn’t you?

— Far from that. ________time we had!

A.What awful B.What an awful

C.How awful D.How an awful

9.You can’t imagine ______ when they received these Christmas presents. A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited

10.________ pleasant weather we have these days!

A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 11.________ useful suggestion you’ve given us!

A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 12.______ important information they have collected for us!

A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 13.—_____fine weather!

—Yes. Let’s go out for a picnic.

A.How B.What a C.What D.How a 14._________ exciting activity it is to go bike riding!()

A.What a B.What an C.What D.How 15.--- Making paper bottles? Wow, great advice!

---Thank you. We may use less plastic in this way.

A.how B.what C.what a D.how a

16.______ important information it is!

A.What B.What an C.How

17.______ good weather! Let’s go to the park to fly a kite, OK?

A.What a B.What C.How D.How a

18.—________beautiful day it is! Let’s go and have a picnic in the park. —Good idea! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a

19.—_____ fine weather it is! —Yes. Look! _______many people are walking around the park. A.What; So B.How; Such C.What a; Such

20._________ delicious food it is in my hometown!

A.What B.How C.How a D.What a

21.—________ great fun the Water Festival is!

—Yeah! I hope we can come back next year.

A.What B.How C.What a D.How a

22.________smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one.

A.What B.How C.What a D.How a

23.____ exciting film I have ever seen!

A.What B.What an C.What a D.How

24.______ awful weather we are having! It’s raining again.

A.What B.What an C.What a D.How

25.________amazing news I have heard!

A.How B.What a C.What an D.What

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:昨天我们看鸟玩得多开心啊!

考查感叹句。how和what都可用于引导感叹句:how修饰形容词或副词,what修饰名词或名词性短语。a time指(或长或短的)一段时间,句中“wonderful time美好时光”表示单数含义,需用“what + a/an +形容词+名词+主谓”结构;根据句意结构,可知选C。

【点睛】

感叹句通常有以下形式:一、How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…!二、What a [an] +形容词+名词+S+V…!若名词为不可数或复数的话,就不能用不定冠词。例如:What bad weather we’re

having! 多讨厌的天气!三、How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V…!

2.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

考点:考查感叹句。

【详解】

试题分析:句意:—这电影是多么的有趣?—是的,我已经看过两次了。感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用"what"和"how"引导,"what"和"how"与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语. 由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语。interesting有趣的,形容词,the film是主语,is谓语;故选B。

3.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:天气多好啊!

考查感叹句。英语感叹句由what和how引导,what后面跟名词,how后面跟形容词或副词。具体构成如下:(1)what + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!(2)what +形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语!(3)how+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!本句的中心词fine是形容词,the weather是主语,is是谓语,可知用how引导此感叹句;故选C。

4.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:在大海里游泳真有趣啊!

考察感叹句。What用来感叹名词,How 用来感叹形容词或副词;此句用来感叹名词fun所以用What, 另外fun是不可数名词,所以不加a, 故选A。

【点睛】

fun属于不可数名词中的抽象名词,我们常见的抽象名词比如advice, weather等。抽象名词记忆口诀:

工作(work)进步(progress)好消息(news),健康(health)信息(information)好建议(advice),音乐(music)有趣(fun)好天气(weather),有钱(money)买不来好运

5.B

解析:B

【解析】句意:自潜水飞机在很多方面都有用途。多么聪明的发明啊!感叹句一般有两种结构:What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!名词是复数或不可数名词,不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语!本句的中心词invention为可数名词单数形式,应该用what来引导,smart以辅音音素开头,前面应该用不定冠词a,故答案为B。

点睛:判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法:首先,断句。从句子后面向前看,找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分,把句子断开;其次,观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组),还是形容词或副词;再次,加词。若是名词(词组),那么本句由what(a/an)引导;若是形容词或副词,那么本句就由how 引导。

6.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——多么寒冷的天气!——是的,很冷。你应该穿暖和的衣服。

考查感叹句用法。感叹句的构成:How+形容词+主语+谓语,What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语,What+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语,weather是一个不可数名词,所以选B。

7.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:昨天晚上我们在派对上过得多么开心啊!

考查感叹句。根据句后的感叹号可知本句为感叹句,且空白后good time是名词短语,感叹词为what,此处感叹句的结构为what+(a/an)+名词+主语+谓语+其他!排除C和D。本句中有固定搭配have a good time,表示“过得很开心”。故此处time 前需要加a,故选B。8.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你们在旅途中玩得很开心,是吗?——远非如此。我们度过了多么糟糕的时光啊!

考查感叹句,因为“have an awful t ime过的糟糕”是固定短语,所以排除AC,又因为感叹句句型“What+adj.+n.复数/Un.+(主谓);What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+(主谓);

how+adj./adv.+(主谓)”,故选B。

1,感叹句的两种常见结构:

(1)what引起的感叹句。what作为引导词(又称感叹词),有句中为形容词,充当定语,

用来修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。它的结构形式一般有三种:

① What+a/an+形容词+单数名词(+主语+谓语)! What a good time they are having!

② What+形容词+复数名词(+主语+谓语)! What beautiful flowers these are!

③ What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What fine weather it is today!

(2)how引起的感叹句。how作为引导词(又称感叹词),在句中为副词,用来修饰后面的形容词或副词。它的结构形式通常也有三种:

① How +形容词(+主语+谓语)! How beautiful Kate is!

② How +副词(+主语+谓语)! How hard he works!

③ How +主语+谓语(+宾语) How time flies!

9.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:你想象不出他们收到这些圣诞礼物时有多兴奋。考查宾语从句。空白处做动词imagine的宾语,是一个宾语从句,需用陈述语序,可排除C。它同时还是how引导的感叹句,需用“how+形容词+主谓结构”。根据句意结构,可知选B。

10.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这些天天气多好啊!

考查感叹句。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,句子中主语是we,谓语是have,而主

语前面还有名词weather,所以这里应该用what引导,而这里的名词weather是一个不可数名词,所以不需要用冠词,故选A。

【点睛】

注意英语中感叹句的用法结构。1. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!2.

What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 3. How+形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语! 4. How+主语+谓语!做题时要根据句子结构来分析应该用哪个结构。还要注意名词是否是可数名词,是否需要用冠词,本题中weather不可数,所以不用冠词。

11.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:你给我们的建议真有用!

考查感叹句。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,这里句子主语是you,谓语是have

given,而主语前面还有另外的名词suggestion,且是一个可数名词单数形式,所以这里应

该用不定冠词修饰,useful是辅音音素开头的单词,所以这里应该用a,故选C。

【点睛】

注意英语中感叹句的用法结构。1. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!2.

What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 3. How+形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语! 4. How+主语+谓语!做题时要根据句子结构来分析应该用哪个结构,选择what引导的结构之后,一定要注意所给的名词是否可数,要不要用冠词。本题中suggestion是可数名词,且

是单数形式,且空格后是辅音音素开头,所以要用不定冠词a。

12.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:他们为我们收集了多么重要的信息啊!

考查感叹句。根据感叹句的结构:1、What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!2、What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!3、How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!

句子中主语是they,谓语是have,所以中心词是important information,是名词短语,所

以用What修饰,排除A,由information是不可数名词,排除C和D,故选B。

13.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——多么好的天气啊!——是的,让我们出去野餐吧。

考查感叹句。感叹句的结构:1、What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!2、What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语!3、How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!根据所给空后面的fine weather是不可数名词短语,所以用What修饰,故选C。

14.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:骑自行车是多么令人兴奋的活动啊!

考查感叹句。在感叹句中,what修饰的中心词是名词,how修饰的中心词是形容词或副词。分析句子可知,本句修饰的中心词是名词activity,所以用what修饰;activity是可数名词单数,所以其前需加不定冠词;又因为exciting首字母发元音音素,故选B。

【点睛】

感叹句用来表示说话人的强烈的感情。

What引导的感叹句的中心词是名词。该名词前常有形容词修饰,句中的主语和谓语一般可省去。句型为:What+(a / an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)!例如:

1) What a cold day (it is)! 今天天气真冷啊!

2) What delicious food (it is)! 多好吃的食物啊!

How引导的感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词。句型为:How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)!例如:

1) How cold(it is)today! 今天天气真冷啊!

2) How happily (the boys are playing)!那些男孩们玩得多开心啊!

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:—做纸瓶子?哇,多么好的建议! —谢谢。这样我们可以少用塑料。

本题考查感叹句。What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 其它! What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 其他! What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 其他! How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语! How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How + 形容词+a/an+单数名词+主语+谓语!此处advice是不可数名词,因此感叹句用What great advice!故选B。

16.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

考点:考查感叹句。

【详解】

试题解析:句意:它是多么重要的信息。How是副词,主要修饰形容词或副词,How引导的感叹句构成:how+形容词+主语+谓语!或 how+副词+主语+谓语!what是形容词,主要修饰名词,what+(a/an+)形容词+名词+主语+谓语!important信息,是不可数名词,不用冠词a/an,故填what。选A。

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:天气多好呀!让我们去公园放风筝,好吗?

考查感叹句。What什么;How怎么样。根据第一句中感叹号可知,此处是感叹句;根据第一句中weather是不可数名词,可知此处应使用what引导的感叹句,即What good weather!故选B。

【点睛】

what和how可以引导感叹句,结构为what+a/an(+形容词)+可数名词单数形式(+主语+谓语);what(+形容词)+可数名词复数形式/不可数名词(+主语+谓语);how+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)。本题中weather是不可数名词,所以用what引导的感叹句,且不能加冠词。

18.D

解析:D

【解析】

句意:——多么美好的一天!让我们去野餐吧!——好主意!

此题考查感叹句,What + a/an + adj+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!How + adj/adv+主语+谓语!根据句子结构,此句中的day是可数名词单数,故选D。

19.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:多么好的天气啊!是的,看!那么多人在公园周围散步。

考查感叹句以及副词。第一句话是感叹句,句中weather是不可数名词,应用What引导,句型是:What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语;so如此,修饰形容词或副词;such如此,修饰名词。当修饰表示数量的many, much, little, few时,应用so。故选A。

【点睛】

感叹句句型:

What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语;

What+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语;

How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语;

How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。

20.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我家乡的食物多好吃啊!

考查感叹句。这里是感叹句,how引导的感叹句是感叹形容词或副词,what引导的感叹句是感叹名词,这里是food是不可数名词用what来感叹,排除BC;其结构是What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。排除D。根据题意,故选A。

【点睛】

由"what"引导的感叹句:“what”意为“多么”用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词,这类句子的结构形式是: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).

如: What a clever girl she is!

多么聪明的姑娘呀!

What good children they are!

他们是多么好的孩子呀!

What delicious food it is!

多么有味的食物呀!

21.A

解析:A

【解析】

句意:—泼水节是多么有趣的事!—是的!我希望我们明年能再来。

考查what构成的感叹句。What多么,强调不可数名词;How多么,强调形容词;What a 强调可数名词,多么;How a副词how后面不能跟冠词a。fun意为乐趣,是不可数名词,用what引导感叹句不加冠词,故选A。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:无人驾驶汽车真聪明啊!我真的很想有一个。

考查感叹句。What什么,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词;How后接形容词或副词;What a后接可数名词复数;How a构成感叹句时,应该是How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序。根据句意及选项可知,本句是感叹句,本句的主语是the driverless,动词是is,所以感叹词后的中心词是smart,意为聪明的,是形容词,此时感叹词用how; How+形容词+主语+谓语!符合本句结构。故选B。

【点睛】

感叹句:一、由“what”引导的感叹句:“what”意为“多么”用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词,这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语!如:What a clever girl she is!多么聪明的姑娘呀!二、由"how"引导的感叹句:“how”意为“多么”,用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分),如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is),如:How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀!

23.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这是我看过的最激动人心的电影!

考查感叹句。What什么;How怎么样。根据句中film是可数名词单数形式,且形容词exciting的首字母e发音为元音,所以此处使用what an引导的感叹句。故选B。

【点睛】

感叹句可以有what或how引导,what引导感叹句句型:What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语;What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语。例如:What a beautiful girl! How引导的感叹句结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语,例如:How fast he runs! 本题中考查的是what引导的感叹句,根据结构即可解答。

24.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们的天气真糟糕!又下雨了。

这里是感叹句,感叹名词用what来感叹,中心词是weather且不可数,其结构是what+形容词+不可数名词。根据题意,故选A。

【点睛】

由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).

如:

① What a clever girl she is!

多么聪明的姑娘呀!

② What an interesting story it is!

多么有趣的故事呀!

③ What good children they are!

他们是多么好的孩子呀!

④ What beautiful flowers they are!

多么漂亮的花呀!

⑤ What delicious food it is!

多么有味的食物呀!

25.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我听到了多么惊人的消息啊!

考查感叹句。how修饰形容词或副词,what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句news(新闻)是不可数名词,需用“What+形容词+不可数名词+(主谓)”结构。根据句意结构,故选D。【点睛】

感叹句通常有以下形式:一、How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…! 二、What a [an] +形容词+名词+S+V…! 若名词为不可数或复数的话,就不能用不定冠词。例如:What bad weather we're having! 多讨厌的天气!三、How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V…!

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