初中介词及介词短语笔记和练习
介词：是虚词，它不能单独充当句子成分，常常放在名词或代词之前，与之一起构成介词短语，共同充当句子成分。
主要分为三类：时间介词、地点介词、方式介词
一.时间介词
A) 表示“在何时”常用介词in，on，at等
in的用法:
1）用在世纪、四季、年、月前
in 21st century in winter in 2009 in January
2）泛指一天中的上午、下午、晚上
in the morning in the afternoon in the evening
on 的用法:
1）用在星期、节日前
o n Monday on Teacher’s Day
2）用在具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上之前以及具体某一天前
on the morning of June 5 on Monday afternoon
on a cold winter evening on March 1st
at 的用法:
1）用在钟点前
at six at eight
2）用在固定词组中
at noon at night
注：如果night 前有修饰词，表示具体的夜晚用on
e.g.：on a rainy night
B. 表示“在…..期间”常用介词during，from…to…, for等
during the winter holiday 寒假期间during the last two years 在过去的两年中
for a long time 好久for three years 三年
from Monday to Friday from July to August
C. 其它表示时间介词
1）in 与after 表示时间“在……之后”
“in+一段时间”表示将来一段时间之后，通常与将来时态（一般将来时和过去将来时）连用。
“after+一段时间”表示一段时间之后，通常与过去时连用
e.g. I hear he’ll be back in a month.
Mr.Black. got to Hangzhou after a few days.
2) before与after都常用于时间点前
before 表示“在……之前,早于……”
after 表示“在……之后”（与时间点连用表示将来某个时间之后）
e.g. I’ll be free before five o’clock tomorrow.
She always watches TV after supper.
I’ll ring you up after two o’clock.
3) since 与for 常用于现在完成时中引导时间状语。
since 用于时间点前for 用于时间段前
e.g. He has been a teacher since 1995.
She has lived here for 20 years.
4) by 与since 表示时间的用法.
by 表示一个瞬间动作发生在某一时间点或在某一时间之前.
Since表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续，一般只用于完成时态的句子中。
e.g. Jack has studied Chinese in this school since 2000.
All of us must be at the school gate by six tomorrow morning.
我们大家都得在明天早上6点钟之前到达学校门口。
5） until 与till 意为“直到……”常用于not…until…结构中。
表示“直到……才……”,until 后跟时间点。
e.g. The meeting will last till four o’clock.会议一直开到4点。
She didn’t leave the swimming pool until closing time.她直到关门时才离开游泳池。
6） between 常与and 连用。表示“在……之间” ，后跟表示“时间点”的名词。
e.g. She was at Middle School between 1979 and 1985.
习题：
1. Gina was born ________ 1999. She is old enough to go to school（06中考）
A. to
B. on
C. at
D. in
2. We traveled all night to London and got there ________ Sunday morning.（07中考）
A. for
B. on
C. at
D. to
3. Peter usually gets up early ________ the morning.（08中考）
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. of
4. I usually do some cleaning ________ Sunday morning.（10朝阳一模）
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. to
5. Li Lei often goes to school ________ 7:10 in the morning.(10海淀一模)
A. at
B.for
C.on
D.in
6. What a healthly boy! He runs ________ the morning every day.(10海淀二模)
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.for
7. — When was the sports meeting held?
—________ April 28.（10宣武一模）
A. To
B. At
C. On
D. In
8. I usually get up ________ eight o’clock on weekends.(10朝阳二模)
A.at
B.on
C.in
D.to
9. I often stay at home ________ Sunday.（10通州二模）
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. with
10. Father’s Day will come ________ June 20th this year.（10西城一模）
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. to
11. Einstein, the famous scientist, was born ________ March, 1892.(09中考)
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. to
12. Some volunteers from Beijing arrived in Shanghai ________ April 29 to work for the World
Expo.(10中考)
A.on
B.at
C.of
D.to
13. My uncle is coming to Beijing ________ the morning of May 15.(10东城一模)
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.to
14. I have seven classes ________ Monday. It’s really a busy day.（10丰台一模）
A. at
B. in
C. of
D. on
15. Mr.Black is a hardworking engineer. He often stays up late ________ night.(10东城二模)
A.at
B.on
C.about
D.to
二．地点介词
A. in，at 与on表示方位用法
in 表示地点，“在……内” ，用于内部。
at 表示“在某地”时，后接小地方，大地方用in。
on“在……上面，在靠近……的地方” ，用于表面接触，指在一个平面上。
on the wall“在墙表面挂着” in the wall “在墙内”
There is a hole in the wall.
注：表示树上结出果实用on，外来之物停、落在树上用in.
B. in，on 和to 表达地区方位
in：表示某地在一个大的地区范围内的某一方位。
e.g. Shandong is in the east of China.
on: 表示两地区的毗邻或“在……之畔” 用on
e.g. Korea is on the east of China.
to: 在某地范围之外的某个方向用to
e.g. Japan is to the esat of China
C. across, over与through
across: 强调从某个平面的一边到另一边，“横过”
through：指从某个立体空间内穿过，顺着通过……
over: 侧重越过某种障碍物等
e.g.The Great Wall goes from west to east,across the desert,over the mountains,through the valleys,
till it arrives at the sea.
长城从西到东，穿过沙漠，越过高山，跨过深谷，直达海边。
D. “上面” 、“下面”的表达
over：表示在上方，强调在物体的正上方。
under：表示在下方，强调在物体的正下方。
above：表示在上方，不一定是正上方，有时也可指温度、海拔等的刻度。
below：表示在下方，不一定是正下方，有时也可指温度、海拔等的刻度。
e.g. L ook，you’ll see a bridge over the river.
We can see a village below the mountain when we stand on the top of the hill.
E. 英文中某些动词其后要接人，然后接“介词+the+身体部位”
注：如果身体部位较软用in，硬的部位用on
e.g. John hit Jack in the face.
He caught the boy by the arm.
习题：
1. Look at the map ________ China ________ the wall,please.
A.of;in
B.in;on
C.of;on
2. There are two windows ________ the right wall, there is a map ________ the left wall.
A.in;on
B.in;in
C.on;on
D.on;in
3. A little monkey is playing ________ a tree and there are a lot of bananas ________
it.
A.on;on
B.in;on
C.on;in
D.in;in
4.Shanghai is ________ the west of Japan.
A.to
B.in
C.on
D.at
5. Hong Kong is ________ the south of China, and Macao is ________ the west of Hong Kong.
A.in;to
B.to;to
C.to;in
D.in;in
6. Do you know that Fujian is ________ the west of Taiwan?
A. to
B. in
C. on
三．方式介词
A. in 指使用某种语言、工具的具体类型等。
with：多指用工具，用身体的某部位或器官。
e.g. Y ou can see it with your own eyes.
by: 指使用的方法和手段。
B. by, in, on 表旅行方式时的用法
by+交通工具前面没有冠词或任何修饰语
1）不涉及表示交通工具的名词时用by
by sea 海陆by air 空运，乘飞机by land 陆路by water 水路
2）涉及表示交通工具的单数名词
by car 乘汽车by bus 乘公交车by train 乘火车
by plane 乘飞机by ship 乘轮船by bike 乘自行车
by boat 乘船by subway 乘地铁
on 或in +交通工具确定的交通工具
交通工具前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。
in a car 乘汽车in a train 乘火车
on a bus on a bicycle on my bike
注意：但步行用on foot
C. 表示“制造”的表达
be made in+ 产地be made into +产品
be made of +材料（没有改变性质）从表面可看出原材料
be made from+材料（改变性质）从表面无法看出原材料
be made by“由……制成” （人或方式）
be made for“制成用于……”
习题：
1.He makes a living ________ teaching.
A.in
B.of
C.by
D.on
2.The book was written ________ English.
A.in
B.with
C.from
D.by
3.I go to school ________ bus every morning.
A.in
B.by
C.on
D.at
4.This programme was sent to the USA ________ China ________ satellite.
A.in;of
B.of;in
C.from;by
D.by;from
5.I learn French ________ the radio every day.
A.on
B.in
C.by
D.with
6.This kind of table is made ________ plastic.
A. from
B.of
C.in
D.by
7.—Your coat looks nice.Is it ________ cotton?
—Yes. It’s ________ Shanghai.
A.made of; made by
B.made of;made in
C.made for;made in
D.made from;made by
四．其它介词
except，but，besides
except=but “除了……之外” 不包含，排除之外。
besides “除……之外，另外还有” ，着重于“另外还有”（包含在内）
e.g. D o you know any other foreign language besides English?
一）的答案：1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A 二）的答案：1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.A
三）的答案：1.C 2.A. 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B
常用介词短语总结
常用介词短语总结 一、近义介词短语辨析 1. 表示原因(通常在句中作状语) 1) because of:表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系) 2) on account of:常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素 3) out of + 抽象名词:常用来引述心理、情感因素,如out of one’s own will(出于自愿) 4) owing / due to:着重把原因归于某事物,既可作状语又可作定语,due to还可以作后置定语,如:Mistakes due to carelessness may cause serious consequence. 由于粗心犯的错误也许会引起严重的后果。 5) thanks to:后面通常接表示积极意义的原因,意为"多亏,幸亏由于"。例句: He walked slowly because of his bad leg. 他腿不好,所以走得很慢。Michel and Billy, on account of their wide experiences in climbing, were voted leaders. 迈克尔与贝利由于有丰富的登山经验,被选为队长。
She did it out of sympathy. 她这样做是出于同情。 Most of the problems were owing/due to human errors. 大部分问题都是由于人为的错误造成的。 Thanks to your energy and intelligence, the development scheme has been finally realized. 多亏了你的精力和智慧,这项发展计划终于实现了。 2. 表示排除 1) with the exception of意义与except, except for相同,但比它们正式 2) apart from (=美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示"除……之外",相当于except (for), 又可以表示"除……之外,(还,也)"相当于besides。例句: They all passed the physics examination with the exception of Tom. 除汤姆外他们物理考试都及格了。 We had a smooth journey apart from(= except for) a flat tyre. 我们一路上很顺利,只是车胎漏了一次气。 Apart from(= besides) a flat tyre, we had broken brakes. 我们不但车胎漏了气,而且刹车也出了毛病。
近五年中考英语常考介词短语
一、at 短语 be angry at sth. 对某事生气 arrive at 到达……(小地方) knock at/on 敲…… at last 最后，终于 laugh at 嘲笑 look at 看，注视 at the moment 现在，此时 point at/to 指向 at times 不时 二、after 短语 look after 照看，照顾 name after 以……的名字命名 run after 追赶;追求 三、on 短语 agree on (通过协商)达成共识 call on 拜访，看望 come on 快点儿；加油 on display 在展出 hang on 稍等，别挂断 on holiday 度假，休假 play a joke on 和……开玩笑，戏弄……
keep on 继续 live on 以……为食，靠……生活 put on 穿上；戴上 turn on 打开，旋开（收音机、电灯、煤气等） work on 从事于，致力于 四、to 短语 agree to 同意，答应，接受（计划、建议、条件、安排等）go to bed 上床睡觉 compare...to... 把……与……作比较 from...to... 从……到…… get to 到达 do harm to 对……有害处 lead to 通往；导致 pay attention to 注意 take...to... 把……带到/给…… write to... 写信给…… 五、in 短语 arrive in 到达……（大地方） in danger 在危险中 drop in 顺便拜访 hand in 交上，上交 join in 参加
中考英语 介词和介词短语
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介词和介词短语专项练习
介词和介词短语专项练 习 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】
介词和介词短语专项练习 一、选择填空 ( ) 1. It’s hot ________ summer in Beijing. A. by B. on C. at D. in ( ) 2. The desks and chairs are made ________ wood. A. from B. of C. by D. in ( ) 3. China is famous ________ her Great Wall. A. as B. for C. to D. of ( ) 4. What do you mean ________ saying so? A. with B. of C. for D. by ( ) 5. Taiwan is ________ the southeast of China. A. in B. to C. on D. at ( ) 6. Our teacher told us to look ________ the new words in the dictionary. A. for B. up C. at D. into ( ) 7. She was born ________ September, 1990. A. at B. on C. in D. to ( ) 8. These coats are different ________ the coats over there. A. in B. on C. at D. from ( ) 9. Thank you very much ________ leading the eraser ________ me. A. for, at B. to, to C. for, to D. to, for ( ) 10. Since you are ________ trouble, why not ask ________ help? A. in, for B. in, to C. with, for D. with, to ( ) 11. No one can stop her ________ leaving for China. A. of B. from C. to D. for ( ) 12. --- When did Mr. Green come back. --- ________ nine o’clock yesterday morning. A. At B. For C. In D. On ( ) 13. Mr. Ted taught English in China ________ 1999. A. for B. since C. in D. at ( ) 14. Don’t tell anybody about it. Keep it ________ you and me. A. among B. between C. in D. with ( ) 15. He is a good student. He gets ________ well ________ others. A. up, on B. in, on C. on, with D. on, at ( ) 16. My father often helps me ________ my maths. A. of B. to C. on D. with ( ) 17. Li Ping is good ________ maths, but he is weak ________ English. A. at, at B. at, in C. in, in D. in, at ( ) 18. The woman ________ a red dress is my aunt. A. in B. at C. of D. on ( ) 19. A new bridge was built ________ the river.
初中英语常用介词短语
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