中考复习：冠词和数词讲解+练习
冠词和数词
一、冠词的用法
冠词是限定词的一种，不能单独使用，常用于修饰名词。冠词有两种：不定冠词a/an和定冠词the。
【考点一】定冠词的基本用法
（1）表示上文提到过的人或事物
eg：I have a book，and the book is written by Mo Yan.我有一本莫言写的书。
（2）用于说话人和听话人都知道的人或物
eg：Do you know the boy under the tree？你认识那个在树下的男孩吗？
（3）用于世界上独一无二的事物前
eg：the earth地球，the sun太阳，the moon月亮。
（4）用于表示方位的名词前面
eg：in the front of在……前面，in the east 在东方，on the left在左边。
（5）用于序数词或形容词最高级前
eg：He is the first student to get to school. 他是第一个到达学校的学生。
He is the tallest student in his class. 他是班里最高的学生。
（6）用于普通名词构成的专有名词前
eg：the Great Wall长城
（7）用于形容词前，使其名词化
eg：We should help the old.我们应该帮助老人。
（8）用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等名词前
eg：the Changjiang River长江，the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
（9）用于复数姓氏前，表示“一家人”
eg：The Greens are having dinner. 格林一家人正在吃晚饭。
（10）用于西洋乐器类名词前
eg：I like playing the piano.我喜欢弹钢琴。
（11）in＋the＋年份复数形式，表示“在多少世纪多少年代”
eg：This story happened in the 1920s. 这个故事发生在20世纪20年代。
（12）用于一些固定短语中
eg：in the morning在早晨，in the end最后，by the way顺便提一下，at the same time 同时典例精讲：
A new road was built between our village and the town.road is wide and clean.
A.不填
B. The
C.A
One of the advantages of playing guitar is that it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
A. a
B. the
C.不填
London held30th Olympic Games in 2019.
A.a
B. an
C. the
D./
【考点二】不定冠词的基本用法
（1）泛指人或事物的某一种类
eg：A plane is a machine that can fly.飞机是一种可以飞行的机器。
I want to be a teacher.我想成为一名教师。
（2）指某一人或事物，但不具体说明
eg：He is a teacher in our school. 他是我们学校的一名老师。
（3）用于一些表示重量、长度、时间等的单位名词前，表示“每一”
eg：I go shopping once a week. 我一周去购物一次。
（4）表数量，相当于one，但语气较弱
eg：My father bought me a new bike. 我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。
（5）使抽象名词具体化
eg：There was a strong snow last night. 昨晚下了一场大雪。
（6）在一些固定搭配中
eg：a little一点，a few一些，have a look看一看，have a good time玩得开心典例精讲：
1. —Be careful！There is dog lying on the ground.
—Thanks a lot.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D./
2. —What do you want to be in the future，John？
—I want to be fashion designer. It is_____amazing job.
A. a；the
B. an；a
C. a；an
D. an；the
【考点三】零冠词的基本用法
（1）表示泛指、种类的复数名词之前
eg：I like animals.我喜欢动物。
（2）不含普通名词的专有名词前
eg：Mary is from America.玛丽来自美国。
（3）名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时
eg：This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。
（4）季节、月份、星期等名词前一般不用冠词
eg：I usually go camping in spring. 春天我通常去野营。
（5）称呼用语前不用冠词
eg：What’s the matter，Mom？怎么了，妈妈？
（6）一日三餐前不用冠词
eg：He didn’t have breakfast this morning.他今天早上没吃早餐。
（7）球类运动和棋类的名词前不用冠词
eg：My father likes playing chess.我父亲喜欢下棋。
（8）在一些成对出现的词语前不用冠词
eg：I like eating fruit and vegetables.我喜欢吃水果和蔬菜。
（9）一些名词前不加冠词表示有特定的意义。
eg：go to school去上学，go to the school去那所学校，
go to hospital去医院看病，go to the hospital去那所医院（不一定看病）类似的有bed，table，class，university等。
典例精讲：
I usually don’t go to school on Sunday.
A. a
B. the
C. /
二、数词的用法
数词是表示数量或顺序的单词，分为基数词和序数词两种。
【考点一】基数词表达法
典例精讲：
教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分，我常采用范读，让幼儿学习、模仿。如领读，我读一句，让幼儿读一句，边读边记；第二通读，我大声读，我大声读，幼儿小声读，边学边仿；第三赏读，我借用录好配朗读磁带，一边放录音，一边幼儿反复倾听，在反复倾听中体验、品味。trees have been planted near here，so the air is very fresh.
A. Two hundreds
B. Hundred of
C. Hundreds of
D. Hundreds
【考点二】序数词表达法
典例精讲：
1. Now，everybody，please turn to Page and look at the picture.
A. Fifth；five
B. Five；fifth
C. Fifth；fifth
D. Five；five
2. I got a beautiful bike on birthday. I like it very much.
A. fifteenth
B. fifteen
C. my fifteen
D. my fifteenth
【考点三】分数表达法
1/2：a half/one half
1/4：a fourth/one fourth/a quarter/one quarter
3/4：three quarters/three fourths
分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一，分母加“-s”。
典例精讲：
1. —There are 60 students in my class and 44 of them use weibo very often.
—44？That means about ________of your classmates are weibo users，right？A．half B．one third C．two thirds D．three quarters
2. About ________ of the students in our class were born in the________.
A．twothirds，1990s B．twothirds，1990 C．twothird，1990s
【考点四】特殊用法
(1)in＋物主代词＋数词的复数形式，表示“在某人多少岁时”
eg：He began to write in his forties. 他在四十多岁时开始写作。
唐宋或更早之前，针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋，乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。至此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。
(2)in＋the＋年份复数，表示“在多少世纪多少年代”
eg：The story happened in the 1920s. 这个故事发生在二十世纪二十年代。
要练说，得练看。看与说是统一的，看不准就难以说得好。练看，就是训练幼儿的观察能力，扩大幼儿的认知范围，让幼儿在观察事物、观察生活、观察自然的活动中，积累词汇、理解词义、发展语言。在运用观察法组织活动时，我着眼观察于观察对象的选择，着力于观察过程的指导，着重于幼儿观察能力和语言表达能力的提高。
观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适
中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀―样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。(3)序数词前要加the，如果序数词前有物主代词或所有格修饰时，不用加the。
eg：I live on the tenth floor.我住在十层。
This is my second time to visit Beijing.这是我第二次参观北京。
(4)序数词前出现不定冠词时，表示“又一，再一”的意思。
eg：I have tried it three times. Can I try a fourth time？我已经试了三次。我可以再试第四次吗？
(5)分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据分数后面的名词来决定，如果名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，如果是不可数名词，谓语动词则用单数形式。
eg：Two thirds of the students are boys.三分之二的学生是男生。
One fifth of the water is polluted.五分之一的水被污染了。
典例精讲：
一、在下列各题的横线上填上a，an，the或/(注意大小写)
1．Tom works as ________ worker in the restaurant and he is paid by ________ hour.
2．France is ________ European country. India is ________ Asian country.
3．Joe is ________ honest boy. We all like him.
4. After ________dinner，he stayed at home and played ________ violin.
5．________ book on the desk is ________ useful one.
二、单项选择
6．This is ________ old computer. I want a new one.
A．a B．an C．/ D．the
7．—What’s the date today?
—It’s June ________，2019.
A．seventeen B．the seventeen C．the seventeenth
8．—Does your father go to work by ________ car every day?
—No，he sometimes takes ________ bus.
A．a；the B．the；a C．不填；a D．a；不填
9．________ of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.
A．Fifth two B．Two fifth C．Fifth second D．Two fifths 10．Running Man is ________ very popular TV program in China. One of ________ most famous actresses，Angelababy，always appears in it.
A．a；/B．the；the C．a；the D．the；/
三、用英语写出下列数字
11．96 ________________________
12．1，300 ____________________________
13．300，000 ________________________
14．3/7 ________________________
15．654，432，111 ______________________________________
2018高考英语语法专题练习冠词(含答案和解析)(可编辑修改word版)
2018 高考英语语法专题练习冠词（含答案和解析） 冠词是高考英语中的必考知识点，体现在语法填空和 单项选择这两大题型中。正确掌握冠词的用法非常重要， 今天，我们讲练结合，说一说冠词的用法。 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1．(2016·汉中市二模)Have a good time! 解析：考查冠词。have a good time 玩得开心。2．(2014·天津，8 改编)Life is like an ocean: Only the strong－willed can reach the other shore. 解析：第一个空表示泛指，且ocean 以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；形容词前用定冠词表示一类人，the strong－willed 意为“意志坚强的人”。 3．(2014·重庆，6 改编)I can't tell you the way to the Wilson's because we don't have a Wilson here in the village. 解析：way 后有介词短语作定语，表特指，所以第一空填定冠词the；泛指“一个名叫Wilson 的人”，第二空填不定冠词a。 4．(2014·陕西，19 改编) The village where I was born has grown into a town. 解析：village 后有定语从句修饰，是特指，故第一空填定 冠词；泛指“一座城镇”，故第二空填不定冠词a。
5．(2016·大庆市一模)Every time there was an outbreak，a great number of terrified people died. 解析：there was＋可数名词单数，且“outbreak”以元音音素开头，故用an。 6.The news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday. 解析：句意为：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news 后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。 7.In Germany, a successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”，has been running with a great success. 解析：句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project 为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。故填不定冠词a。 8.—Mom, why can't I have a new bike?—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees. 解析：句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike 为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。 9.The wish always remains unrealistic that you can come
小学语法总结 冠词 数词
小学英语语法复习要点5 冠词 冠词作为一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。 ?不定冠词有两个，a 和an。a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。 ?定冠词the和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 练习：填写正确的冠词 car（一辆汽车）； teacher（一个老师）； apple（一个苹果）； orange（一个橘子）； ice cream（一个冰激凌）； American（一个美国人）； hour（一小时）； umbrella（一把伞）； man（一个人）； man（这个人） 数词 数词分为基数词和序数词两种。 ?基数词表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词 注意：几十几的基数词的十位数与个位数之间要用连字符“-”连接。eighty-five 85 当基数词hundred,thousand等词前有具体数词或several修饰时，必须用单数。
three hundred 300 时间表达方式：小时+分钟 two ten 2:10 序数词 注意：第一二三，特殊记，从四开始加th，8去t，9去e。遇到ve变f，遇到y就变ie，再加th。 多位数的基数词变成序数词时，只需将末位基数词变成序数词，前边的基数词不变。forty-second第42 自然拼读期中检测
一．听单词，填写空缺字母 p t c p n t g m p g g ft d t g m p t g s w t ga e d g g t ent ircle t b t ity t g m b an b b t s k g raffe on ert 二．听写单词 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
(完整版)英语语法专题一冠词
英语语法专题一冠词 英语的冠词有三个(a, an, the),a和an是不定冠词；the是定冠词。 （一）不定冠词 一、知识测练 填上恰当的不定冠词。 1.She thinks that English is _______ useful subject and she spends more than _______ hour speaking it every day. 2.I bought _______ new handbag. There was _______ "s" on the corner. 3.There is _______ orange and _______ banana on your desk. They are for you. 4.Is Germany _______ European country or _______ Asian country? 5.They have made quite _______ few friends since they lived in this place. 二、知识归纳 不定冠词a和an的基本用法： 不定冠词a和an都是修饰_________（可数、不可数）名词的单数，表示“一个”的惑思，一般指人或物中的某一个或某一类。 (1)a用在_________（辅音、元音）开头的单词前（注意：辅音不是辅音字母）。 如：a man, a beautiful flower, a heavy bag, a university, a European country (2)an用在_________（元音、辅音）开头的单词前（注意：元音不是元音字母）。 如：an orange, an hour, an honest boy, an unhappy girl, an Asian country, an unusual tree 三、知识过关 单项选择 1.That's not _______ apple. It's _______ pear. A. a, a B. the, a C. an, a D. a, the 2.Walk down the road for half _______ hour, you'll see _______ university in front of you. A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an 3._______ tiger is stronger than _______ sheep. A. A, an B. An. A C. The, / D. A, a 4.There's _______ "s" and _______ "u" in the word "use". A. the, the B. an, a C. an, an D. a, an 5.China is _______ Asian country, but England is _______ European country. A. an, an B. an, a C. a, an D. a, a 6.Is this _______ useful book? —Yes. And it's also _______ interesting book.
初中英语语法练习-名词与冠词
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语法回顾冠词和数词_教案
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