【英语】八年级英语上册语法填空经典题型带答案(word)

【英语】八年级英语上册语法填空经典题型带答案（word）

一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

Tom and Mike were good friends. Sometimes they were kind________each other and sometimes they weren't. But all of their classmates said they ________like brothers.

One day they went out for a walk together and they were very happy. At noon both of them ________ （start）to feel very tired and hungry. So they went into a restaurant ________ （have） lunch. The waiter came up to them and asked, "What can I do for you?"

"Please bring us two apples ________ （one）,"said Tom.

When the waiter put two apples on the table, Mike took the ________ （big） one at once. Tom got angry. "You're not polite, Mike. ________ I don't you take the smaller one?" said Tom.

"But I am right," said Mike with a smile. "If I let you ________ （take） first, which one will you choose?"

"Of course I'll take ________ smaller one."

"Yes," Mike said. "If you take the smaller one, the bigger one will still be;________ （me）. Don't you think so?"

"OH!" Tom was too angry to say anything.

【答案】 to；were/looked；started；to have；first；bigger；Why；take；the；mine

【解析】【分析】短文大意：讲述了汤姆和迈克之间的故事。

（1）句意：有时他们对彼此和蔼，有时不是。be kind to sb.对某人可爱，是固定词组，故填to。

（2）句意：但是他们所有的同学说他们看上去像亲兄弟。看上去像，be like或look like，根据主句said的时态，可知从句的谓语动词应该是过去的时态，主语是they，be动词应该用were，故填were或looked。

（3）句意：中午，他们俩开始感觉又累又饿。根据整篇文章的时态可知是一般过去时，故填started。

（4）句意：所以他们就去一家餐馆去吃午饭。went into a restaurant，后面是不定式做目的状语，故填to have。

（5）句意：请先给我们拿两个苹果。one的序数词是first，表示首先，故填first。

（6）句意：麦克立刻拿了一个大点的。根据上文When the waiter put two apples on the table，和下文I don't you take the smaller one?" said Tom.可知是用big的比较级，表示更大

一点的，big的比较级是双写辅音字母g，再加er，故填bigger。

（7）句意：为什么你不拿一个小点的呢？根据上一句Tom got angry. "You're not polite, Mike可知本句是汤姆质问麦克为什么不拿一个小一点的，为什么，疑问副词why，在句首注意大写，故填Why。

（8）句意：如果我让你先拿，你选哪一个？let sb. do sth. 是固定用法，跟动词原形做宾补，故填take。

（9）句意：我当然拿小一点的。此处是特指那个小的，表示特指的用定冠词，故填the。（10）句意：如果你拿小的，这个大的仍旧是我的。这里表示我的苹果，用名词性物主代词表示my apple，me的名词性物主代词是mine，故填mine。

【点评】考查语法填空，在语篇中考查基本语法项目的运用。首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章，根据提示准确写出答案，注意考虑句型、搭配、冠词、时态、语境等，最后通读检查验证。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

It was a playground. Eight ________ （child） were standing on the starting line to take part in a running race.

Ready? Bang!

All eight girls started running ________ they heard the sound. After a minute, one of the small girls fell down. Because ________ the pain（痛）, she started to cry. When the other seven girls heard, one of them stopped ________（run） quickly. Then she stood for a while to see what happened, She decided ________ （turn） back to the place where the girl fell down, She kissed the girl and ________ （advise） her to be strong. She said, "I will be together ________you," Then, the girl helped the fallen girl stand up and looked after her carefully. They joined hands together, walked together and ________ （get）to the wining line. People were moved. Clapping of ________ （hundred）of people came out. Though they lost the race, they were both ________ best runners!

Both the girls were strong and brave. What did they teach this world? Teamwork! Friendship! Love!

【答案】 children；when/after；of；running；to turn；advised；with；got；hundreds；the 【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述8个孩子比赛跑步，在途中，有一位女孩摔跤，而一位女孩听到哭声，而返回安慰这位女孩

（1）句意：八个孩子正站在起跑线上参加跑步比赛。child孩子，可数名词，eight后接名词复数，child的复数是children，故填children。

（2）句意：八个女孩在听到声音后都开始跑。分析句子可知，空后引导时间状语从句，引导词可用when当……时候/after在……之后，连词，符合题意，故填when/after。

（3）句意：因为痛，他开始哭。引导原因，且后接名词，用because of，因为，故填of。（4）句意：当其他七位女孩听到时，她们其中的一位停止快速跑，run跑，动词，stop doing sth停止做某事，故填running。

（5）句意：然后她站了一会儿看发生了什么，她决定回到那个女孩摔跤的地方，她亲了那

个女孩并且建议她要坚强。turn back返回，decide to do sth决定做某事，故填to turn。（6）句意：然后她了一会儿看发生了什么，她决定回到那个女孩摔跤的地方，她亲了那个女孩并且建议她要坚强。根据decided可知，用一般过去时，advise建议，此处用其过去式advised，故填advised。

（7）句意：她说，”我将和你在一起。together with sb和某人在一起，固定搭配，故填with。

（8）句意：她们手拉着手，一起走到终点线。get to到达，根据walked，可知一般过去时，get的过去式是got，故填got。

（9）句意：数百人鼓掌。hundred百，表泛指，用其复数，且和of连用，hundreds of数百，故填hundreds。

（10）句意：虽然她们输了赛跑，但是她们都是最好的跑步者。形容词最高级和the连用，故填the。

【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意，答题的过程中，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后得出正确的答案。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的整确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

When Mr. Jones went to a restaurant one day, he left this________ near the door. There was ________ （something） in the pockets of the coat when he left. So after his meal, he was very ________（surprise） to find that all the pockets were full ________ money!

There was a waiter near the door, so Mr. Jones said to him, "Someone________ （make） a mistake. He put some money in my coat. When he comes back, please give it ________ to him. "The waiter took it and went away. Suddenly, another man ________ （come） in with a coat just like Mr. Jones'. "I am sorry I made a mistake," said this man. I took your coat and you got ________ （me）. Please give me my coat and money." Mr. Jones answered, "I gave the money to the waiter. He ________ （give） it to you."

Mr. Jones called the manager （经理）of the restaurant, ________ the manager said, "We have no waiters here. We only have waitresses. ""You gave the money to a thief（小偷）," shouted the man.

What a terrible day for Mr. Jones!

【答案】 coat；nothing；surprised；of；made；back；came；mine；will give；but

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了琼斯先生在自己的口袋里面发现了许多钱，没有据为己有，却错误的交到了贼的手里面。

（1）句意：有一天，琼斯先生去了一家餐馆，他把外套放在门边。left后是名词做宾语根据the coat when he left，可知是大衣，coat是名词，故填coat。

（2）句意：当他离开时，口袋里什么也没有。根据He put some money in my coat他在我的外套里放了一些钱，可知此时兜里没有东西，nothing，没有，不定代词，故填nothing。

（3）句意：所以饭后他惊讶地发现所以的口袋里装满了钱。根据下文发现所有的口袋都

满了钱可知，此处会感到惊讶，was系动词后是形容词，surprise是名词，surprised，是形容词，故填surprised。

（4）句意：所以饭后他惊讶地发现所以的口袋里装满了钱。be full of，固定搭配，装满，故填of。

（5）句意：门口有个服务员，琼斯先生对他说：有人弄错了。描述过去用一般过去时，make的过去式是made，故填made。

（6）句意：当他回来的时候，把它给他。give back to，固定搭配，归还，故填back。（7）句意：突然，另一个男人拿着一件和琼斯先生一样的外套进来了。“对不起，”这个人说。“但我犯了个错误”描述过去用一般过去时，come的过去式是came，故填came。（8）句意：我拿了你的外套，你拿了我的。此处用名词性物主代词指代my coat，me是宾格，我，mine是名词性物主代词，故填mine。

（9）句意：他会给你的。归还的动作还没有发生，故是一般将来时，故填will give。（10）句意：琼斯先生立刻打电话给餐厅经理，但经理说：“我们这里没有服务员。我们只有女服务员。”此处是表示转折关系，故用但是，but，是连词，故填but。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，代词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式

When receiving an order from Amazon, most people throw away the packaging （包装材料）box, but one________（Japan）man loves Amazon boxes so much________he has spent the last 9 years collecting them.

So what made a man take ________ collecting boxes as a hobby? For Kosuke Saito, it________ （be）some numbers. It started one day in 2008. When Saito was opening________Amazon box, he noticed（注意到）the serial number"XM06" ________ the box. He suddenly remembered seeing "MX08" on another Amazon box. He thought there must be an XM07 as well. He wanted________ （know）what that box was like. But it was only the________（begin）, because he soon found that Amazon boxes come in all________（shape） and sizes, and he took a great interest in all of them. So far, Kosuke Saito has collected 77 different models used in Japan.

However, one of ________（great） problems is that Saito's house is too small, so he has to rent（租用） a room for his collection.

【答案】 Japanese；that；up；was；the

；on；to know；beginning；shapes；the greatest

【解析】【分析】本文讲述一个日本人以收集盒子为爱好的原因。

（1）句意：但是一位日本人很热爱亚马逊盒子。形容词修饰名词，Japan的形容词是Japanese，故填Japanese。

（2）句意：但是一位日本人如此很喜欢收集亚马逊盒子以至于他花了九年的时间收集它们。so…that，如此……以至于，固定搭配，故填that。

（3）句意：因此什么使一个男人从事以收集盒子为爱好呢？take up从事，固定搭配，故填up。

（4）句意：它是一些数字。根据语境，可知用一般过去时，主语是it，be动词用was，故填was。

（5）句意：当赛托打开亚马逊盒子时，他注意到了盒子上有一串数字“XM06”。前面提及过亚马逊盒子，再次提及，要用定冠词the，故填the。

（6）句意：当赛托打开亚马逊盒子时，他注意到了盒子上有一串数字“XM06”。根据When Saito was opening

和he noticed（注意到）the serial number"XM06" 可知数字在盒子的上面，因此用on，在……上，故填on。

（7）句意：他想知道那个盒子是什么样的。want to do sth想做某事，因此用不定式，故填to know。

（8）句意：但是它只是仅仅是开始。the后接名词，begin的名词是beginning，故填beginning。

（9）句意：因为他不久发现亚马逊盒子以各种各样的形状和大小出现。all后接名词复数，shape的复数是shapes，形状，故填shapes。

（10）句意：然而，其中最好的一个问题是赛托的房子太小。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，固定搭配，great的最高级是greatest。故填the greatest。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

5．语法填空

I had a great winter vacation last year. I went to the mountains ________ my family and we stayed with some friends. ________ （they） house was really big, with lots of trees around it. You could get lost very ________ （easy）.

Last year, the weather was very bad. It was windy, wet and snowy. ________, the mountains were beautiful. I love climbing, so we climbed every day. I took quite a few ________ （photo）, usually of different animals.

The countryside was very quiet, but across from the house there was ________ farm. The farmer had many cows, and they were ________ （loud） than cars! Every day we walked to the farm to get milk. It was so delicious!

There was a village that I ________ （ride）my bike to. It was very small. There wasn't anywhere to go shopping, but it was the best place ________ （go） on vacation! I even met two women from Canada. We are now friends. In ________ （fact）, we are the same in many ways.

【答案】 with；Their；easily；However；photos；a；louder；rode；to go；fact

【解析】【分析】主要讲了去年寒假的经历。

（1）句意：我和我的家人去爬山。根据句意可知是和家人去的，所以用with，和……，表伴随，故填with。

（2）句意：他们的房子是真大。house是名词，所以前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，they 是主格，其形容词性物主代词是their，故填Their。

（3）句意：你可能很容易迷路。get lost是实义动词短语，副词修饰实义动词，easy的副词是easily，故填easily。

（4）句意：然而，山是漂亮的。根据前句the weather was very bad.可知天气是糟糕的，但是山却很漂亮，根据逗号可知用however，但是，故填However。

（5）句意：我拍了许多照片。quite a few后面用可数名词复数，photo的复数是photos，故填photos。

（6）句意：但是房子对面有个农场。farm是可数名词单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。

（7）句意：它们比车更大声。than是比较级的标志词，所以用比较级louder，故填louder。

（8）句意：有一个我骑自行车去的村庄。was表明时态是一般过去时，所以ride用过去式rode，故填rode。

（9）句意：但是它是度假的最好的地方。the best place to do sth.做某事的最好地方，动词不定式to do表目的，故填to go。

（10）句意：事实上，我们在许多方面是相同的。in fact事实上，故填fact。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

6．语法填空

Hi, Jane! I saw your name and address in Pen-friend magazine, and I would like________ （be）your pen-friend. First, I will tell you some things about________ （my）. My name is Sidney. I'm fourteen years old. I'm about five________ （foot）tall. I have short black hair and brown eyes. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing chess.

I live with my parents. They________ （come） to England from Hong Kong about 30 years ago. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle. I was born in Newcastle in 1993. I can speak Chinese,________ I can't write it very well. I have a brother called Edwin. He is 23 and works________ an architect（建筑师）in London.

I'm in Walker School. It is near my house, and so I can walk to school. I like my school because the teachers are ________（friend） to me. I like sports very much. I enjoy ________（play）badminton in winter, and tennis in summer. As for subjects, I like physics________（well） of all.

I want to be________ engineer.

I expect you will write to me soon, and tell me all about you.

【答案】 to be；myself；feet；came；but；as；friendly；playing；best；an

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信给笔友Jane，告诉她自己的一些信息。

（1）句意：我想成为你的笔友。would like to do sth.想要做某事。故填to be。

（2）句意：首先我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。根据句意可知是Sidney讲了自己的事情，主语是I，其反身代词是myself，故填myself。

（3）句意：我大约5尺高。5后面用可数名词复数，foot的复数是feet，故填feet。（4）句意：大约30年前他们从香港来的英国。30 years ago表明时态是一般过去时，所

以用come的过去式came，故填came。

（5）句意：我会说英语但是我写得不好。根据句意可知前后句表示转折，所以用连词but，故填but。

（6）句意：他23岁，在伦敦是一名建筑师。work as作为，故填as。

（7）句意：因为老师们对我很友好。be friendly to对......友好，故填friendly。

（8）句意：我喜欢在冬天打羽毛球。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，故填playing。

（9）句意：我最喜欢物理。根据all可知数量是三者或者三者以上，所以用最高级，所以用well的最高级best，故填best。

（10）句意：我想成为一名工程师。engineer是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，所以用an，故填an。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

7．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

There are many ways for students to go to school. Some students walk to school, ________they live close to their school. Some students live far ________ their schools, so they may go by car or bus. In big ________（city）, students can take the underground to go to school.

Now more people drive cars and the fresh air is ________ （little）. I think going to school on foot is good for us.

First of all, walking to school is a wonderful way________（exercise）and it's good for ________（healthy）. Secondly, it's fun to walk together with friends every day. We can talk about something interesting and know________ other. Then, if we walk, our parents won't have to drive ________ （we） to school. There will be fewer cars on the road. More walking and less ________（drive） helps to make our city cleaner.

I hope more and ________students will walk to school. If everyone can do so, we will have a better life and a green world.

【答案】because；from；cities；less；to exercise；health；each；us；driving；more

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者希望越来越多的学生步行去上学。

（1）句意：因为他们住着离学校近。根据前句Some students walk to school可知一些学生步行去上学的原因是他们离学校近，所以用because，表示原因，故填because。

（2）句意：一些学生住着离他们的学校远。far from，离……远，故填from。

（3）句意：在大城市里，学生可以乘地铁去上学。city是可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a，所以city用复数cities，故填cities。

（4）句意：新鲜空气是更少了。根据Now more people drive cars可知更多的人开，所以新鲜空气是更少的，little的比较级是less，故填less。

（5）句意：步行去上学是一种锻炼的好方式。a way to do sth. 做某事的一种方式，故填to exercise。

（6）句意：对健康是有好处的。for是介词，后面用名词，healthy是形容词，名词是

health，故填health。

（7）句意：我们可以谈论有趣的事情，并且相互了解。each other，相互，固定搭配，故填each。

（8）句意：我们的父母不将开车送我们去上学。drive sb.开车送某人，drive是实义动词，后面用宾格，we是主格，宾格是us，故填us。

（9）句意：更多的步行和更少的开车帮助让我们的城市更干净。walking用动词ing形式，所以drive用动词ing，即driving，故填driving。

（10）句意：我希望越来越多的学生将步行去学校。more and more越来越多，故填more。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

8．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的内容（1 个单词），或括号内单词的正确形式。

I have many good friends at school. I think Gina is my ________（good）friend. She is 1 years older ________me. We live in the same town and we are classmates now. Gina is taller and ________ outgoing than me. We are both interested in sports, but she always plays table tennis ________ （good）, so she always wins. ________we have the same hobbies and interests, we also have some ________（difference）.

Gina always exercises and she ________（read）books every day. ________, she never eats junk food and stays up late. ________, I like eating junk food and never helps ________housework.

【答案】best；than；more；better；Although；differences；reads；Also；However；with 【解析】【分析】本篇短文介绍了我和好朋友Gina,并介绍了我们两个之间的一些不同点和相同之处。

（1）句意：我任务Gina 是我最好的朋友。根据第一句 I have many good friends at school.我有很多好朋友可知是多个范围的比较，应该用比较级，此处是修饰后面的名词friend,应该是形容词的最高级，good 的最高级是best。故答案为best。

（2）句意：她比我大一岁。根据空前面的1 years older 和后面的me可知此处缺少表示比较的than,故答案为than。

（3）句意：她比我高也比我外向。根据前面的taller and 和后面的than me 可知此处应该是并列的比较，outgoing 的比较级是前面加more。故答案为more。

（4）句意：我们都喜欢运动，但她的乒乓球打得（比我）好，她总是赢。根据前面的都喜欢运动和后面的她总是赢可知此处是和我作比较，所以应为比较级，又是修饰动词play,所以要用副词形式，good 的副词是well ,所以应是well 的比较级better,故答案为better。（5）句意：虽然我们有相同的爱好和兴趣，但我们也有一些不同之处。根据上文的相同点和下文的不同之处可知此处应为转折词,although,尽管，虽然，表转折，由是句首，所以大写首字母，故答案为Although。

（6）句意：但是我们也有一些不同之处。difference名词不同点，不同之处，可数名词。

some 修饰可数名词的复数形式，故答案为differences。

（7）句意：Gina 每天总是锻炼和读书。句子是一般现在时，主语又是第三人称单数，所

以谓语动词应该用单三形式，read的第三人称单数是reads。故答案为reads .

（8）句意：她也不吃垃圾食品和熬夜。这里都是描述Gina 的健康生活方式，应该和上文

是并列关系，also ，也，表并列。句首字母应大写，故答案为Also。

（9）句意：然而，我喜欢吃垃圾食品也从来不帮忙做家务。根据句意我的不好的生活和上

文应该是转折关系，however,然而，表转折，并需用逗号与上文隔开，句子开头首字母要

大写，故答案为However。

（10）句意：我从来不帮忙做家务。help with sth.帮忙做某事，固定短语。故答案为with。

【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用。已给出的单词要在语境中对词性进行必要的变形。没

有根据单词的，要根据句意，找到合适的单词，然后根据上下文确定句子的时态语态，主

谓一致等，再把单词做必要的变化。还要考虑到固定短语的搭配和一些基本的句型。

二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

9．阅读理解

Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas. It is very important for teenagers to have good friends or a group of friends in their lives.

Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking on the phone. This communication is very important in children's growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their family members.

However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?

Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you？Have you got a good friend your parents don't like?

Your answers are welcome.

（1）Many teenagers think that ________ can understand them better.

A. friends

B. brothers

C. sisters

D. parents

（2）________ is very important to teenagers.

A. To make friends

B. Communication

C. To stop meeting friends

D. Both A and B

（3）When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually ________.

A. stay alone at home

B. fight with their parents

C. discuss it with their friends

D. go to their brother and sister for help

（4）The sentence “Your answers are welcome.” means“________”

A. You are welcome to discuss the questions with us.

B. We've got no idea, so your answers are welcome.

C. Your answers are always right.

D. You can give us all the right answers.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于调查青少年对朋友的看法。

（1）细节题。根据They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do.可知青少年认为朋友可以更好地理解他们，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据It is very important for teenagers to have good friends or a group of friends in their lives.和This communication is very important in children's growing up可知交朋友和交流都是非常重要的，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their family members.可知青少年很难和家庭成员说，而朋友可以谈论那些困难的事情，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据句意可知是和我们讨论那些问题，你是受欢迎的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

B

The word “day” has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year, we are using “day” to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night, we are using “day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth. At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length（长度）. They are each twelve hours long. The sun rises at 6 o'clock in the morning and sets at 6 o'clock in the evening. For six months the North Pole（北极）is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere（半球）. Days are longer than nights. South of the equator nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than nights. North of the equator nights are longer than days. Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days.

（1）When the Western Hemisphere is having day, the Eastern Hemisphere is having ______.

A. both day and night

B. day

C. neither（既不）day nor night

D. night （2）A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by ________ of the earth.

A. the pushing

B. the pulling

C. the spinning

D. the passing

（3）At the equator day is as long as night ________.

A. sometimes

B. never

C. usually

D. always

（4）When the North Pole is tilted toward the sun, the Northern Hemisphere gets ________ sunlight.

A. less

B. more

C. all

D. no

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】短文大意：day这个单词有两层含义，当我们谈论一年中有多少天时，我们用“天”表示24小时，但是当我们谈到“白天”和“夜晚”时，我们用“天”表示日出和日落之间的时间。

（1）细节推理题，根据文章内容But when we talk about day and night, we ar e using “day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. 当地球的一半是白天时，另一半却是夜晚，可以推断“当西半球是白天时，东半球是夜晚”，故选D。

（2）细节理解题，根据文章内容A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth. 可知选C。

（3）细节理解题，根据At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length （长度）. 可知在赤道，有时白天和夜晚一样长，故选A。

（4）细节理解题，根据For six months the North Pole（北极）is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere（半球）. 可知当北半球向太阳倾斜时，北半球的光照时间比南半球长，故选B。

【点评】这是一篇科普类阅读短文，讲述了“白天”和“夜晚”的划分。

11．阅读理解

7-year-old Tom likes cartoons very much. When the cartoons begin on TV, he does nothing until they're over. Sometimes he waits for a long time and goes to bed late. In the morning his mother has to wake him up, or he'll be late for school.

Yesterday Tom heard there would be an interesting cartoon today. This morning, as soon as he got up, he turned on the television, but he didn't see the programme on it. He had to have breakfast and then go to school. After school he ran home while his mother was cooking lunch in the kitchen. He hurried to the sitting room and turned on the television again, but he couldn't find the cartoon. He rushed into the kitchen and asked his mother for help.

"It's only ten to twelve now," said the woman," your programme will start after dinner." "Well, let's have dinner right now!"

（1）Tom goes to bed late sometimes, so ___________ next morning.

A. his mother has to wake him up

B. he goes to school by bus

C. he can get up

D. he has no time for breakfast

（2）Tom spends much time ___________ when he's free.

A. playing football

B. watching football matches

C. doing his homework

D. watching cartoons on TV

（3）Why did Tom turn on the television after getting up this morning?

A. Because he thought he had some time left.

B. Because he didn't know when the cartoon would begin.

C. Because he wanted to know the important news.

D. Because he hoped to watch a game show on TV.

（4）Why did Tom run home after school?

A. Because he was afraid to miss the cartoon.

B. Because he was afraid to miss the last bus.

C. Because he was afraid he would be hungry.

D. Because he was afraid he couldn't finish homework.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：7岁的汤姆非常喜欢卡通。有时为了看动画片他会等很长时间，睡得很晚。早上他妈妈必须叫醒他，否则他上学就要迟到了。昨天汤姆听说今天会有一部有趣的动画片。今天早上，他一起床就打开了电视，但没有看到节目。他不得不吃早饭然后去上学。放学后，当他妈妈在厨房做饭时，他跑回了家。他匆匆赶到客厅，又打开了电视，但还是找不到那部动画片。他冲进厨房，向母亲求助。“现在只有十点到十二点了，”那个女人说，“你的节目会在晚饭后开始的。”“好吧，我们现在吃饭吧！”

（1）细节理解题，根据Sometimes he waits for a long time and goes to bed late. In the morning his mother has to wake him up可知，妈妈早晨不得不把他喊醒，故答案是A。（2）细节理解题，根据7-year-old Tom likes cartoons very much. When the cartoons begin on TV, he does nothing until they're over可知他花费了大量的时间看动画片，故答案是D。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据your programme will start after dinner.可知，他不知道他喜欢的动画片啥时候开始，故答案是B。

（4）逻辑推理题，根据He hurried to the sitting room and turned on the television again,

but he couldn't find the cartoon可知他匆匆忙忙跑回家时怕错过了动画片，故答案是A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、文章出处题，数字计算题、词义猜测题、正误判断题、逻辑推理题、标题判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；数字计算题需要根据文中的数字进行简单地计算；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝练句式，最终确定答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读理解

If you put your history notes under your pillow and sleep on them the night before an exam, will you do any better in the exam? Most of us have hoped this might help. However, knowledge can't go through the pillow into your brain. But that doesn't mean you can't learn while you are asleep.

Scientists aren't exactly sure how it works, but they have discovered that the brain can learn things during sleeping hours.

In one experiment, researchers gave German speakers some Dutch words to learn. Then, they divide them into three groups. The researchers played the Dutch words for people in Group 1 while they were asleep, without telling these German speakers what they were doing. The sound was low. So it didn't wake them up, and only the newly introduced words were used.

Another group listened to the same words while they were awake. The researchers found the people in Group 1 were better able to identify and translate the words later. This was true only for the words that were played while they slept. The third group listened to words when they walked. The walkers didn't have the same success remembering the words as the sleeping group. The researchers later found that people had more slow wave（慢波的） brain activity all over the night. They said that more slow waves made people have a better memory for the new words.（1）When did the researchers play foreign words for people in Group 1 in the experiment?

A. Before they went for a walk.

B. Before they went to bed.

C. When they were asleep.

D. When they were having dinner.

（2）What does the underlined word "identify" mean in Chinese?

A. 提高

B. 辨认出

C. 隐藏

D. 逃避（3）The last two paragraphs tell us the experiment's

A. results

B. reasons

C. influence

D. purpose

（4）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Scientists think people can't learn during sleeping hours.

B. German speakers enjoy learning Dutch words.

C. Slow-wave brain activity can help people have a good sleep.

D. People in Group 3 didn't remember the words as well as those in Group 1.

（5）Where is the passage most probably from?

A. A history textbook.

B. A science magazine.

C. A travel newspaper.

D. A modern novel.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了科学家发现睡觉期间大脑能学习东西。

（1）细节题。根据The researchers played the Dutch words for people in Group 1 while they were asleep,可知调查者当人们睡着时，把荷兰词放在一组，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据句意可知一组睡着的人比二组醒着的人更好地辨别单词，故选B。（3）细节题。根据后两段可知讲的是一组、二组、三组的实验的结果，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据The third group listened to words when they walked. The walkers didn't have the same success remembering the words as the sleeping group可知三组不如睡着的组即一组记得好，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据全文可知与科学有关，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

13．阅读理解

Wei Huixiao is a very beautiful woman. She was an officer on Chinese aircraft carrier（航母）Liaoning. Soon her great story became popular among people.

Wei was born in 1977 in Guangxi, China. She always wanted to do something more meaningful, After graduating（毕业） from Nanjing University, she worked for four years. Then she went to Sun Yat—sen University to go on studying for her PHD（博士学位） in 2007. During her study in this university, she wrote a letter to recommend herself for working on Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning.

"This aircraft carrier is the biggest stage for every Chinese officer. My dream is to spend my days fighting the wind and waves," she wrote in her letter.

Many people didn't understand what Wei Huixiao wanted. She could get a better job because she was so great. Some even told her that she was crazy. However, she knew exactly what she wanted to do.

In the end, Wei Huixiao's dream came true and she became the first woman officer with a PHD on Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning.

（1）Wei Huixiao went to Sun Yat-sen University at the age of .

A. 20

B. 24

C. 28

D. 30

（2）The underlined word "recommend" here means" ".

A. 推荐

B. 培养

C. 训练

D. 试用（3）Why did Wei always want to become an officer on Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning?

A. Because she wanted to get a better job.

B. Because it could help her finish her PHD.

C. Because she liked traveling on the sea.

D. Because she thought it meant a lot to her.

（4）Which of the following is the right order about Wei according to the passage?

①She went to Sun Yat-sen University to go on studying for her PHD.

②She became the firs t woman officer with a PHD on Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning.

③She wrote a letter to introduce herself for working on the aircraft carrier.

④She worked for four years after graduating from Nanjing University.

A. ①②③④

B. ④①③②

C. ④②①③

D.

⑧①④②

（5）What can we know from the passage?

A. Wei Huixiao is a very great woman.

B. Wei was born in Guangxi and she got a job there.

C. All people know what her dream is.

D. Wei is the first woman officer on the aircraft carrier.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述中国辽宁号航空母舰上的一位军官魏慧晓的个人简介，她出生于中国广西，毕业于南京大学，在读博士期间她自荐自己当中国辽宁号航空母舰上工作，最后她梦想成真，她成为第一在在辽宁号航天母舰的博士。

（1）细节题。根据Wei was born in 1977 in Guangxi, China. Then she went to Sun Yat—sen University to go on studying for her PHD（博士学位） in 2007.可知，她30岁在中山大学读博士，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 During her study in this university, she wrote a letter to recommend herself for working on Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning.可知，她在读中山大学时，她就写信自荐自己在中国辽宁号航天母舰上工作。推出recommend的意思是“推荐”，故选A。

（3）推断题。根据My dream is to spend my days fighting the wind and waves,可知，她喜欢在海上旅行，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据After graduating（毕业）from Nanjing University, she worked for four years.Then she went to Sun Yat—sen University to go on studying for her PHD（博士学位） in 2007. she wrote a letter to recommend herself for working on Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning. In the end, Wei Huixiao's dream came true and she became the first woman officer with a PHD on Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning.可知，她先是南京大学毕业和工作了四年，然后就读中山大学博士，接下来自荐自己去辽宁号航天母舰上工作，最后她梦想成真，故选B。

（5）推断题。魏慧晓读了南京大学，中山大学博士，而且是第一位中国辽宁号航母上的博士，可知魏慧晓是一个很了不起的女性，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

14．配对阅读

A. Rose, thank you for asking me to play tennis with you, but I'm afraid I can't. I'm staying with my grandpa the whole day to celebrate（庆祝）his birthday. Maybe another time.

B. Simon, I'm sorry I can't go swimming with you on Wednesday afternoon because I have to go to the hospital with my mother. She has a toothache. I hope to join you next Wednesday.

C. Alice, thank you very much for asking me to dinner on February 16th.1 would like to come very much, but I have to fly to Tokyo on that day. It's very kind of you to ask me. I hope to see you when I get back in a week.

D. Julie, thanks for your invitation a lot. I'd love to come to your party at seven o'clock, but I have to finish my homework first, so I may come fifteen minutes later.

E. Amy, thanks for asking me. I'd like to come. But I'm sorry I have a piano lesson from 7: 00 pm to 8: 00 pm, so I'll go to your house at about 8: 20 pm. I wonder （想知道）if it would be fine with you.

下面是一些个人信息的介绍，请匹配与之相对应的留言，并将其标号填入题前括号内。（1）Julia is going to Japan by plane and she is coming back on February 23rd.

（2）Maria is good at playing tennis. She is on a tennis team.

（3）David would like to come to a party at about fifteen past seven.

（4）Betty is having a piano lesson from 7: 00 pm to 8: 00 pm.

（5）There is something wrong with Tom's mum's teeth, so he has to go to see the dentist with her on Wednesday.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）E

（5）B

【解析】【分析】

（1）根据文中关键信息“on February 16th”“ I have to fly to Tokyo on that day”“ when I get back in a week.”可知Julia那天要去日本，一周回来。故选C。

（2）根据“, thank you for asking me to play tennis with you,.”，可推知答案A。

（3）根据“I'd love to come to your party at seven o'clock, but I have to finish my homework first, so I may come fifteen minutes later.’”可知David会去参加Julie晚会，但会玩到15分钟，故选D。

（4）根据文中“But I'm sorry I have a piano lesson from 7: 00 pm to 8: 00 pm, ”可知E正确。（5）根据文中“I have to go to the hospital with my mother. She has a toothache.＂故选B。

15．阅读理解

Joe Smith is a singer. He and his wife like traveling a lot. Every year they visit a small town called Gum Tree in January and July and they sing for people there.

One summer, they went there by train again. On the first day, they planned to go hiking in the mountains, but it rained a lot. So they decided to go to the only cinema in town and watch a movie there.

There were only nine people in the cinema hall. When people saw the Smiths, they started to clap（鼓掌）. Joe was excited and said to his wife, "Aha, I cannot believe people here all know me and they are friendlier than I "thought. They must like my songs."

Then a young man said to them, "Thanks for your coming! The cinema shows the movie only after ten people buy the tickets. There're eleven now, so the movie will be on soon."

（1）Joe Smith and his wife visit the small town .

A. once a year

B. twice a year

C. once a month

D. twice a month

（2）How did the Smiths get to the town?

A. By plane.

B. By bus.

C. By train.

D. By car.

（3）The Smiths because it rained a lot on that day.

A. went hiking

B. climbed the mountain

C. slept in the hotel

D. went to the movies （4）We can know the Smiths .

A. like going hiking in the mountains

B. are unfriendly to people

C. often sing for people in town

D. like going to the cinema

（5）The people in the cinema welcomed the Smiths because .

A. they could watch the movie then

B. they all knew Mr. Smith well

C. they liked Mr. Smith's songs

D. they wanted to be friendly to visitors

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）C

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了歌手Joe Smith和妻子每年去参观叫做Gum Tree的小城镇，并且为那里的人唱歌。

（1）细节题。根据Every year they visit a small town called Gum Tree in January and July每年的一月和七月他们都会去一个叫Gum Tree的小镇，所以是一年去两次，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据One summer, they went there by train again.可知他们坐火车去那，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据On the first day, they planned to go hiking in the mountains, but it rained a lot. So they decided to go to the only cinema in town and watch a movie there. 第一天，他们打算去山里远足，但雨下得很大。所以他们决定去城里唯一的电影院看电影。故选D。（4）细节题。根据Every year they visit a small town called Gum Tree in January and July and they sing for people there.歌手Joe Smith和妻子每年去参观叫做Gum Tree的小城镇，并且为那里的人唱歌。故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Then a young man said to them, "Thanks for your coming! The cinema shows the movie only after ten people buy the tickets. There're eleven now, so the movie will be on soon." 一个年轻人对他们说：“谢谢你的到来！只有十个人买票后，电影院才放映这部电影。现在有十一个，所以电影马上就要上映了。”故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

16．阅读理解

Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing.

You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more and usually they will reply to your smile. In this way, you may have some talks.

Start a talk. Just a simple "Hello." or "How is it going?" is a good start. If you want to make interesting I talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views, or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind.

The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there.

（1）You should start being outgoing with .

A. your parents

B. your teachers

C. your best friends

D. your new friends （2）When you start a talk with a stranger, you can say " ".

A. What's the matter?

B. What's your name?

C. How is it going?

D. Are you healthy?（3）The easiest way to be outgoing is .

A. talking

B. smiling

C. playing

D. going out

（4）Making new friends can make us .

A. more outgoing

B. healthier

C. more athletic

D. wilder

（5）Which is NOT the writer's view?

A. Being outgoing is really difficult.

B. Being outgoing is good for our lives.

C. Being outgoing helps us have more fun.

D. Being outgoing with strangers isn't easy.

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

（5）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍外向性格人对自己生活的好处和怎样才能成为外向的人。

（1）细节理解题。由You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends.可知应该与最好的朋友一起开始变得外向，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。由Start a talk. Just a simple "Hello." or "How is it going?" is a good start. 可知与陌生人开始谈话时，应该说“ 过得怎么样呀”，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。由The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out.可知要变得更外向，最简单的方法就是出去，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。由This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there.可知交朋友会让我们更外向，故选A。

（5）细节理解题。由 In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. 可知选项A，不符合文章内容； Being outgoing is good for your life. 和But the real challenge comes when you meet strangers or new friends.及Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there.可知选项B/C/D符合文章内容。综上所述和题干，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。