英国英文介绍 全面
The official title of the UK:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The national anthem:God Save the Queen
The UK is made up of: Great Britain (the formerly separate England and Scotland, and Wales. )Northern Ireland，Numerous smaller islands
Location of the UK: The mainland areas lie between latitudes 49°N and 61°N and longitudes 8°W to 2°E Total territory: 242,910 square kilometers
Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.
England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous terrain in the north-west, north and south-west. Scotland: Its geography is varied, with lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west. Wales: It’s mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous than North and Mid Wales.
Northern Ireland: It’s mostly hilly
The longest river: Severn River (354 kilometers long) 第二：Thames (332 kilometers long)
The largest Lake: Lough Neagh(内伊湖，北爱尔兰中东部湖泊）
Main characteristics: Temperate, with warm summers, cold winters and plenty rainfall
Three major features: Winter fog Rainy days Instability/changeability
London:the capital of England and of Great Britain,the political center of the Commonwealth, a major port,one of the world's leading banking and financial centers.
标志建筑：The River Thames The palace of Westminster Big Ben，London Eye，Westminster Abbey，St. Paul's Cathedral ，Tower of London，Hyde Park，Buckingham Palace，Buckingham Palace
Edinburgh：Capital of Scotland，administrative, financial, legal, medical and insurance center of Scotland，beautiful scenery ，renowned architecture标志性建筑：Edinburgh Castle，Palace of Holyrood圣十字宫Cardiff ：Europe's youngest capital city，has been the capital city of Wales for around 50 years，home to an enormous amount of urban regeneration and restoration ，has recently become one of the most fashionable cities in the United Kingdom.
标志性建筑：Cardiff City Hall，Millennium Stadium，Cardiff Castle
Belfast ：the second largest city ，capital of Northern Ireland，an important historic city
标志性建筑：Belfast Castle，City Hall
人口：Overall population: over 60 millions分布：England: about 50 million，Scotland:over 5 million，Wales: around 3 million，Northern Ireland: about 1.7million
Ethnicity：The majority of this population are descendents of the Anglo-Saxons .Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendents of the Celtic people .The Irish people were also Celtic in origin immigrants .
Education:two systems of education –the state school and public school
Generally, there are three steps for British Education System: Compulsory Education(5-16), Further Education and Higher Education
The Complete System of the British Education System
Most Famous public schools in Britain are Eton College, Harrow School, Winchester College and Rugby School. Further education helps provide the academic router or vocational route.
Higher Education –Oxford (1167) and Cambridge (1209), the oldest universities in the world.
其他：Sports –England was the first home of many modern world’s most popular sports. Cricket (most English), Soccer, Rugby, Horse Racing, Golf, Fishing, Hunting
Science –Sir Francis Bacon, Isaac Newton’s theory, Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution
Art, Music and Film; Literature
Characters –Exclusiveness, conservativeness, politeness, love of privacy, sense of humor
Holidays –Boxing Day, 12.26
Religion –mostly Christianized
Custom:John Bull –image of an British, nickname for Britain. Short, fat, with a tall hat on his head and a
pair of boots of his feet.
origin-十八世纪初，作家兼御医Dr. Arbuthnot写了一本《约翰牛传》(The History of John Bull)，主张英、法和平相处，书中主角的名字就叫作John Bull，作者用他来代表英国。从此以后，John Bull成了英国和典型英国人的代名词。
Three Don’ts –Don’t jump the queue, don’t ask a woman her age, don’t try to bargain.
Three INGs –betting, drinking (beer, wine and tea), tipping
政治：The Monarchy –head of state, hereditary
Parliament –the legislature body, consisting of three elements: the Crown, the House of Lords (the Upper House) and the House of Commons (the Lower House).
The titles: Duke, Marquis, Earl, Baron, Lord Baronet, Sir.
The Government –the cabinet, the Prime Minister (No. 10 Downing Street)
The Two-Party System –the Conservative Party (the Tory) and the Labor Party (after 1945), the Liberal Democratic Party (the Whig)
英国历史概况
英国历史概况 英国历史是一部征服与合并和的历史。英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，由英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成，而整个英国的历史也就是由这四个区域的历史交织组成。1535年威尔士成为英格兰王国的一部分，1707年苏格兰与英格兰正式合并为大不列颠王国，1800年大不列颠王国和爱尔兰合并成为大不列颠与爱尔兰联合王国，1922年爱尔兰共和国独立，爱尔兰北部仍留在联合王国内。 苏格兰历史简介 苏格兰位于大不列颠岛北部，英格兰之北。苏格兰的历史的正式记载是在古罗马人入侵不列颠之后的一些纪录。公元5世纪，爱尔兰北部的盖尔人（凯尔特人的一支）移居苏格兰，曾在阿盖尔郡和比特郡地区建立达尔里阿达王国。此后向东扩张到阿瑟尔森林和厄恩河谷，向北扩张到埃尔金地区。公元843年达尔里阿达国王麦卡尔平兼任皮克特王国的国王，建立阿尔巴王国，王号为肯尼思一世，一个相对独立完整的苏格兰王国逐渐成形。此后，苏格兰历经邓凯尔德王朝、坎莫尔王朝、巴里奥尔王朝、英格兰占领、布鲁斯王朝以及斯图亚特王朝统治，至1707年与英格兰王国合并成为联合王国。 威尔士历史简介 威尔士位于大不列颠岛西南部，英格兰以西。 距今约29，000年便有人类定居于威尔士。至古罗马人进入了大不列颠岛后，威尔士属于不列颠行省 公元5世纪，随着罗马人的撤离，盎格鲁撒克逊人大举入侵大不列颠，直至到11世纪，威尔士人在盎格鲁撒克逊人的高压统治与入侵中度过，而同时布灵顿人开始称自己威尔士人。公元8世纪，传说中的亚瑟王(King Arthur)领导布灵顿人抗击盎格鲁撒克逊统治。 公元9世纪和10世纪维京入侵使威尔士王国进一步统一，成为一个实体，但同时亦使威尔士落入英国皇室统治之下。 公元927年，威尔士国皇承认盎格鲁撒克逊国王阿瑟斯坦保护威尔士的主人。在随后的11世纪中，威廉一世充分利用了这种先例，在威尔士边境建立的强大而野心的封建领地制度。公元1282年，英格兰王爱德华一世征服最后一个威尔士北部和西部的威尔士公国 （Statute of Rhuddlan）公元1284年，威尔士正式被英格兰合并，爱德华一世以《罗德兰法令》 确立自己在该地区的统治。 公元1535年，《联合法案》完成英格兰和威尔士的统一，划分后者为13个郡，并规定英格兰法律通行全威尔士，英文为其官方语言。大部分威尔士人因此无法担任政府公职，但可以派代表参与英国国会。 北爱尔兰历史简介 北爱尔兰是英国的一个地区，位于爱尔兰岛东北部。公元前6600年前后，人类开始在爱尔兰岛定居。现在的爱尔兰人是古代凯尔特人的后裔，世代居住在爱尔兰岛上。公元5世纪的时候，随着罗马天主教的传入，爱尔兰人逐渐信仰了天主教，并形成了由修道院、传道士和王国组成的文化。公元8世纪末，爱尔兰岛上出现了统一的文明和法律，但政治上还没有出现统一的国家。 公元12世纪末，英王亨利二世利用爱尔兰的分裂局面，率军在爱尔兰岛登陆，征服都柏林和附近地区，建成“爱尔兰领地”，交由其四子约翰统治。但到1609年为止爱尔兰仍然是
英文介绍英国的著名景点
1:The River Thames is the second longest river in the United Kingdom and the longest river entirely in England, rising at Thames Head in Gloucestershire[ 格洛斯特郡（英格兰）], and flowing into the North Sea at the Thames Estuary(河口). It has a special significance in flowing through London, the capital of the United Kingdom, although London only touches a short part of its course. The river is tidal in London with a rise and fall of 7 metres (23 ft) and becomes non-tidal at Teddington [特丁顿（英国国立物理研究所所在地）]Lock. The catchment area covers a large part of South Eastern and Western England and the river is fed by over 20 tributaries. The river contains over 80 islands, and having both seawater and freshwater stretches supports a variety of wildlife. the river has supported human activity from its source to its mouth for thousands of years providing habitation, water power, food and drink. It has also acted as a major highway both for international trade through the Port of London, and internally along its length and connecting to the British canal system. The river’s strategic position has seen it at the centre of many events and fashions in British history, earning it a description by John Burns as ―Liquid History‖. It has been a physical and political boundary over the centuries and generated a range of river crossings. In more recent time the river has become a major leisure area supporting tourism and pleasure outings as well as the sports of rowing, sailing, skiffing, kayaking, and punting. The river has had a special appeal to
美国英文介绍
The United States of America The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific. At 3.79 million square miles and with over 310 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the
英国名胜介绍(英文版)
London introduction London,the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Europe's largest city, one of the world's two major（主要）center city, is one of the most prosperous（繁荣的）global city. London is the center of economic（经济的）financial（财务的）and trade （贸易）in Europe and the United States of New York, tied for the world's most important financial center. The Big Ben, Tower Bridge Big Ben is Elizabeth Tower. London's famous ancient（报时）bell, the palace of Westminster clock. The British Parliament （英国国会）meeting hall clock tower, built in 1859. Tower bridge is the Tower Bridge of London. Tower Bridge of London is the first bridge the river Thames from where it begins, is a symbol （象征）of London, "London front gate", was built in 1886. The London Eye The London Eye, The London Eye, British Airways, also known as the Millennium（千禧）Wheel, is located（位于）the banks of the river Thames in London, is the world's fourth largest Ferris wheel, is one of the landmarks（标志）of London, is one of the most attractive（具有吸引力的）tourist attractions（旅游景点）in London. Thames River Thames River is a famous British mother river, rising in southwest Coates Ward Hills（科茨沃特丘陵）of England, 338 kilometers in length. Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace is the Royal Palace（王宫）, built in 1703 and named for the Duke of Buckingham（以白金汉公爵命名）. Westminster Cathedral Westminster Cathedral（威斯敏斯特大教堂）is located in the North Bank of the Thames River, was a Benedictine monastery（修道院）, founded（成立）in the year 960 ad（公元960年）, was expanded（扩建）in 1045, built in 1065. Tate Museum of Contemporary Art The Tate Museum of Contemporary Art（泰特现代美术馆）is located in the South Bank of Thames River, face each other across the river and the St.Paul's Cathedral, connecting（连接）them is the Millennium Bridge across Thames River. St.Paul's Cathedral St.Paul's Cathedral located in London, a representative（代表）of Baroque style architecture （巴洛克风格的建筑）, is the world's second largest dome（圆顶）of the church, it imitated（模仿的）Papal Basilica（教皇的教堂）of Saint Peter in Rome（整体为罗马圣彼得大教堂）, is the representative of British classical architecture. University of Oxford The University of Oxford is a public university located in the city of Oxford, founded in 1167, is the oldest university in the English speaking world. Stratford Evan upon Avon Ford （埃文的斯特拉特福德）(Stratford) is located on the banks of the Evan River, a beautiful city is the greatest playwright（剧作家）of England, the hometown of Shakespeare（莎士比亚）.
英语的发展史(中英文版)
一种民族语言（包括词汇）的发展与民族的历史密切可关。要了解英语语汇的发展史，不 可避免地跟整个英语的发展史，乃至英国的历史密不可分。 不列颠群岛的最早居民是凯尔特人，又称不列颠人。公元前55年，罗马人在凯萨大帝的 率领下侵入不列颠群岛，凯尔特人被罗马人赶入威尔士和苏格兰的深山之中。直到公元 410年，罗马占领时期才告结束。随后，来自德国北部平原的三个日耳曼部落盎格鲁人， 撒克森人和朱特人开始来到不列颠定居。英语就是盎格鲁—撒克森人的语言。 语言史学家一般把英语的历史分为三个时期：1、古英语时期，2、中古英语时期，3、现 代英语时期。 1、古英语时期（又称盎格鲁-萨克森时期公元450—1100年） 日尔曼部落在不列颠定居后，名自占领一些地区。盎格鲁人占领了泰晤士河以北的英格兰 的大部分地区和苏格兰的低地，朱特人占领了肯特郡一带地区，撒克森人占领了泰晤士河 以南的大部分地区。各个部落建立了一些小王国，出现了英国历史上的七国时代。直到公 元830年，阿尔弗雷德大王才统一了整个英格兰地区。由于全国长期没有统一，所以古英语时期存在着多种方言，主要方言有四种：西萨克森语，肯特语，莫西亚语和北恩布里亚语。这四种方言都曾一度占主导地位。西撒克森语保存下来的手搞最多。其它方言在形成 英语的过程中也起过很重要的作用。 古英语的词汇有着浓厚的日尔曼语族的特点。这主要表现为复合法是重要的构词方法。复 合词在古英语词汇中占有显著的地位。据统计，在史诗《贝奥武夫》3183行诗句中，竟有1069个复合词。有些复合词中不重读部分，渐渐失去了独立地位，而演变成了词缀，如 for-, in-, -ful 等派生法在古英语中也广泛使用。共有二十四个名词后缀、十五个形容词后缀，-dom, -hood, -ship, -ness, -the, -ful,- ish 等词缀都可溯源到古英语时期。古英语时期的诗歌有一种特殊的修辞手法，即头韵(alliteration)，由此产生的许多短语一直保留到现在，如night and main, friend or foe, a labour of love。 古英语时期有两个重要的历史事件，给英语词汇带来较大的影响。第一件事是基督教传入 英国。公元597年，一个名叫奥古斯丁的牧师从罗马来到英国传教。罗马文化随着基督教传入了英国。与此同时，一批拉丁词进入了英语。 第二件事是北欧人入侵英国。从公元790年开始，大批斯堪的那维亚人在英国定居。丹麦国王卡纽特还一度成为英国的君主。斯堪的那维亚人和英国人频繁交往，所以有许多斯堪 的那维亚各国的词语进入了英语。 2、中古英语时期（公元1100—1500年） 公元1066年，诺曼人在征服王威廉率领下，横渡英吉利海峡，在哈斯丁战役中击溃了盎 格鲁-萨克森军队，英王哈路德战死，英国被征服。这在历史上被称为诺曼征服。从此，英国结束了分裂状态，置于中央集权的封建统治之下。谨曼征服是英国历史上的重要转折点，对英语的发展有巨大的影响。 诺曼征服之后，谨曼人占据了教会和政府的一切重要职务。以后的二、三百年里，谨曼法 语成为英国的官方语言。普通人仍然讲英语，但英语的文字记载却几乎中断。中古英语一 般右以分为两个时期，1204年后，英语逐渐恢复主导地位。1362年英王爱德华三世首次 用英语向议会致词。十五世纪，伦敦标准方言兴起。1476年，卡克斯顿把印刷术传入英国，
英语介绍 英国伦敦大本钟
THE STORY OF BIG BEN At 9'-0" diameter, 7'-6" high, and weighing in at 13 tons 10 cwts 3 qtrs 15lbs (13,760 Kg), the hour bell of the Great Clock of Westminster - known worldwide as 'Big Ben' - is the most famous bell ever cast at Whitechapel. This picture, painted by William T. Kimber, the head moulder responsible for casting the bell, shows George Mears with his wife and daughter inspecting the casting prior to despatch. Big Ben was cast on Saturday 10th April 1858, but its story begins more than two decades earlier.... On 16th October 1834, fire succeeded where Guy Fawkes and his fellow plotters had failed on 5th November 1605, and destroyed the Palace of Westminster, long the seat of the British government. Those few bits of the Old Palace that survived the fire - most notably Westminster Hall, which was built between 1097 and 1099 by William Rufus - were incorporated into the new buildings we know today, along with many new features. Big Ben remains the largest bell ever cast at Whitechapel. Visitors to the foundry pass through a full size profile of the bell that frames the main entrance as they enter the building. The original moulding gauge employed to form the mould used to cast Big Ben hangs on the end wall of the foundry above the furnaces to this very day. Among the gift items available from Whitechapel Bell Foundry are a finely detailed miniature of the bell itself and an illustrated booklet about Big Ben. These can
英语国家概况
《英语国家概况》教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程编码：B170832223 课程类别：专业基础课 课程名称：英语国家概况 课程性质：必修 适用专业：翻译 开课学期：第三学期 总学分：2 总学时：32 先行课程：英语语法、英语口语、英语听力、英汉翻译 课程简介：本课程属于翻译专业教学课程体系中的专业基础课。该课程旨培养学生实际运用语言的能力，帮助学生打下坚实的专业基础，达到专业四级水平；同时培养学生良好学习作风和正确学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性。 推荐教材：王恩铭. 英语国家概况[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2013 参考书目： [1] 来安方. 英美概况[M]. 河南: 河南人民出版社, 2007 [2] 余志远. 英语国家概况主编[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 2000 [3] 朱永涛. 英国社会与文化[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2003 二、课程总目标 以《英语国家概况》（王恩铭著）为蓝本。本课程主要是为了使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他情况。本课程是一门实用性很强的文化知识课。一方面通过英语阅读主要英语国家的背景材料扩大知识面，另一方面通过学习文化知识进行语言基本功的训练，巩固和提高英语水平。 三、教学指南 课程重点：本课程教学的重点使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的 其他情况。 课程难点：在使学生了解英语国家主要的地理、历史、经济和政治等方面的概况同时，还要培养学生良好学习作风和正确学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立 工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性。 教学方法和手段：讲授+讨论+练习
英国历史简介
［英国］英国简史(英文) 2006-1-23 页面功能【字体：大中小】【打印】【关闭】History Until 1707, this section deals primarily with English history. England and Wales were formally united in 1536. In 1707, when Great Britain was created by the Act of Union between Scotland and England, English history became part of British history. For the early history of Scotland and Wales, see separate articles. See also Ireland; Ireland, Northern; and the tables entitled Rulers of England and Great Britain and Prime Ministers of Great Britain. Early Period to the Norman Conquest Little is known about the earliest inhabitants of Britain, but the remains of their dolmens and barrows and the great stone circles at Stonehenge and Avebury are evidence of the developed culture of the prehistoric Britons. They had developed a Bronze Age culture by the time the first Celtic invaders (early 5th cent. B.C.) brought their energetic Iron Age culture to Britain. It is believed that Julius Caesar's successful military campaign in Britain in 54 B.C. was aimed at preventing incursions into Gaul from the island. In A.D. 43 the emperor Claudius began the Roman conquest of Britain, establishing bases at present-day London and Colchester. By A.D. 85, Rome controlled Britain south of the Clyde River. There were a number of revolts in the early years of the conquest, the most famous being that of Boadicea. In the 2d cent. A.D., Hadrian's Wall was constructed as a northern defense line. Under the Roman occupation towns developed, and roads were built to ensure the success of the military occupation. These roads were the most lasting Roman achievement in Britain (see Watling Street), long serving as the basic arteries of overland transportation in England. Colchester, Lincoln, and Gloucester were founded by the Romans as colonia, settlements of ex-legionaries. Trade contributed to town prosperity; wine, olive oil, plate, and furnishings were imported, and lead, tin, iron, wheat, and wool were exported. This trade declined with the economic dislocation of the late Roman Empire and the withdrawal of Roman troops to meet barbarian threats elsewhere. The garrisons had been consumers of the products of local artisans as well as of imports; as they were disbanded, the towns decayed. Barbarian incursions became frequent. In 410 an appeal to Rome for military aid was refused, and Roman officials subsequently were withdrawn.
美国传统节日 介绍(英文版)
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New Year’s Day This day, people gathered in the church, in the street corner or on the square, singing hymns, praying, blessing, repenting and greeting the exchange for the new moment. At 12 o’clock the church bells, the famous band playing nostalgic songs "Bon Voyage". However in essence, New Year’s Day in the United States is not the most festive holiday, but there are still many celebrations . Different States have Different customs , In California, rose is the largest celebration at the appointed time, Many cars decorated by roses in different models running in a line of thousands of miles , This not only attract men and women but the crowded around the street corner, and millions of TV viewers . Also In Philadelphia, traditional parades will be held, people take part in a parade, some dressed as clowns, some dressed as women (according to the old custom, women were not allowed to take part in this parade floats), with singing and dancing, lively and extraordinary. Americans also has an interesting custom, which determined in the new year's resolutions, which they called "New Year's
介绍美国的英语小作文.doc
介绍美国的英语小作文 导语：美国是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，下面是小编给大家整理的介绍美国的英语小作文的相关内容，希望能给你带来帮助! 介绍美国的英语小作文The United States of America (USA) is the only superpower on this globe now. It is a developed country with diversified cultures such as Asian, European and African. Some people call USA the melting pot because of the diversity. USA has a dominating power over economy, education, policitcs, milatary and culture all around the world. It has advanced industries, ideas and some of the smartest scientist on this earth. But it also has its own problems such as racial discrimination and the widening gap between the rich and the poor. 美利坚合众国（USA）是世界上唯一的一个超级大国.她是一个发达国家,有多元化的文化,像亚洲、欧洲和非洲的.正因为此,有些人把美国称为一个“大熔炉”. 美国现在在世界上的各个领域都雄霸一方,像经济、教育、政治、军事和文化.她有先进的工业、思想,并有全世界一些最聪明的科学家. 但是她也有自己的问题,比如种族歧视和穷富之间逐渐拉大的差距. 美国简介美利坚合众国（英语：United States of America），简称“美国”，是由华盛顿哥伦比亚特区、50个州和关岛等众多海外领
英美概况---英国历史一览表
Chronology of British Government Monarch Date of Rule Deeds Events Comments Germanic/Scandinavian Rule Alfred the Great 871-899 1Defeated“Da nlaw” expansion & regained land 2established navy and garrison 3introduction of Christanity to Dames, first public schools for noble descendances and magistrates 4Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Anglo-Saxon Wessexline Edward the elder Anglo-Saxon Wessexline; Son to Alfred Athelstan Anglo-Saxon Wessexline; Son to Edward Edgar the Peaceful 959-975 Anglo-Saxon Wessexline Ethelred the Unready 978`1016 Invaded England Anglo-Saxon Wessexline; Sweyn Forkbeard, King of Denmark Canute 1016-1035 1.chosen as king by Witan;2.United England, Denmark and Norway. Scandinavian Conqueror Edward the Confessor 1042-1066 1.facilitated the Norman Conquer;2.Norman feudal system adopted Son of Ethelred the Unready Harold Godwinson 1066 defeated Norwegians Earl of Wessex
英国历史总结(时间线)
都铎王朝：1485～1603（近代英国开始） 1485年：亨利七世即位 【15世纪中叶，30年的玫瑰战争导致都铎王朝建立，获胜方南方大地主和新贵族的代表亨利·都铎加冕为王，是为亨利七世。都铎王朝正值资本主义在英国初升时期，产生了两位有名君主：亨利八世，为子嗣和婚姻问题与罗马教庭宣布决裂，成立英国国教（即圣公会）；伊丽莎白一世（1558~1603）确立了英国的海上霸权，正值文艺复兴时期，出现了莎士比亚。苏格兰国王詹姆斯四世被伊丽莎白指定为继承人，1603年，詹姆斯登上英格兰国王的宝座，成为詹姆斯一世，开始了斯图亚特王朝的统治，这为100年后（1707年）苏格兰与英格兰正式合并创立了条件。】 1558年：英国女王伊丽莎白一世即位，统治英国达45年之久 1564年：莎士比亚诞生 1588年：击败西班牙无敌舰队，树立海上霸权。【英国在1588年英西海战中的胜利，是一次以弱胜强的胜利，它再一次显示了在王权统治下的民族国家的力量。长期处在欧洲主流文明之外的岛国，第一次以强国的姿态向欧洲大陆发出了声音，并迅速进入世界海洋霸权和商业霸权的争夺中心。】斯图亚特王朝1603～1714 1603年：80岁的伊丽莎白一世去世了。苏格兰王詹姆士六世加冕成为英格兰的詹姆士一世，统一了英格兰和苏格兰 1620年：对新教徒的镇压激化，一批新教徒乘"五月花号"抵达美洲 1628年，《权力请愿书》 1640年，英国在全球第一个爆发资产阶级革命，成为资产阶级革命的先驱。1642～1651年：英国内战爆发 1649年：查理一世（詹姆士一世的儿子）被处决（1.30），克伦威尔宣布共和政体（5.19） 1660年：（查理二世）王朝复辟【詹姆斯二世（查理二世儿子）继承王位，后被罢黜。】 1676年：格林尼治天文台设立 1679年，人身保护法；托利党成立（1833年改称现名） 1685年：牛顿发现万有引力定律 1687年，牛顿出版《自然哲学的数学原理》 1688～1689年：光荣革命，确定了君主立宪制。玛丽二世（詹姆斯二世女儿）执政。制定《权利法案》1694年：英格兰银行成立 1698年：伦敦股票交易所成立 1701年：制定《王位继承法》 汉诺威王朝：1714～1917 1714年，王位传给查理一世的外甥家族、德国的汉诺威王室。接着是乔治
旅游英语：伦敦介绍
旅游英语：伦敦介绍 伦敦(London)，是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国(简称英国)首都，欧洲最大的城市。与美国纽约并列世界上最大的金融中心。伦敦位于英格兰东南部的平原上，跨泰晤士河。16世纪后，随着大英帝国的快速崛起，伦敦的规模也高速扩大。伦敦是英国的政治、经济、文化、金融中心和世界著名的旅游胜地，有数量众多的名胜景点与博物馆。伦敦是多元化的大都市，居民来自世界各地，一座种族、宗教与文化的大熔炉城市。使用的语言超过300多种。下面来介绍一下伦敦。 Not much is known about the earliest London Bridge although it's location is thought to be near the present one. The second bridge a wooden one existing in Saxon times seems to have given rise to the nursery rhyme 'London Bridge is falling down' which it did in 1014. In 1176 the first stone bridge was constructed. Houses sprung up on both sides of the bridge and stood until it was pulled down in 1831, making way for a more elegant, classic structure. This bridge was replaced in 1967 as it could no longer cope with the amount of traffic. The present London Bridge is more 100 feet wide.
关于美国的介绍英文版
关于美国英文介绍 1.Silicon Valley is an area that "located on the San Francisco, California, peninsula, radiates outward from Stanford University. It is contained by the San Francisco Bay on the east, the Santa Cruz Mountains on the west, and the Coast Range to the southeast. At the turn of the century, when fruit orchards predominated, the area was known as the Valley of Heart's Delight " as Carolyn E. Tajnai, manager of Stanford computer forum begins one of her Web-manuscript that is describing Silicon Valley history from some of WWW best personal viewpoint. About 40 years ago, Stanford University had some financial problems. The authorities of university tried to solve the problems by leasing part of the university land to high-tech companies for 99 years. Carolyn Tajna clarified this point of Stanford's history in more detail: " In the 1950's, the idea of building an industrial park arose. The university had plenty of land over 8,000 acres....but money was needed to finance the University's rapid postwar growth. The original bequest of his farm by Leland Stanford prohibited the sale of this land, but there was nothing to prevent its being leased. It turned out that long-term leases were just as attractive to industry as out right ownership; thus, the Stanford Industrial Park was founded. The goal was to create a center of high technology close to a cooperative university. It was a stroke of genius , and Terman, calling it ``our secret weapon,'' quickly suggested that leases be limited to high technology companies that might be beneficial to Stanford. In 1951 Varian Associates signed a lease, and in 1953 the company moved into the first building in the park. Eastman Kodak, General Electric, Preformed Line Products, Admiral Corporation, Shockley Transistor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments, Lockheed, Hewlett-Packard, and others followed soon after." 2.The United States of America (The USA)is made up of 50 states,it has an area of 9372614 square kilometers.Washington D.C is the capital of the USA.New York is the biggest city in the USA.The National Day of the USA is on July 4th,which is also the date of the countey's independence.The national anthem of the United States is"the star-spangled banner".The official language of the United States is English