xx高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练题(16)
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2014高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练题（16）及答案
高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-----A
Laura Edmonds has a look of horror on her face as she turns to look out the airplane window.
It’ s not the threat of terrorism that worries her，but rather the possibility
of mechanical failure. She says she imagines the plane plunging to the ground because
the engines may fall off. So every few minutes she glances out the window to make
sure they' re still attached.
It is a fear that has gripped her for 18 years, since her wedding day. Since then
she has tr ied drugs and cocktails to make it through flights. But, she says they’
ve been no help in easing her anxiety.
She has dragged her family on the train from Connecticut to Florida, insisted
on long drives and tried to avoid flying at all costs. Even when friends fly, Edmonds
says she worries, counting the hours till they arrive at their destination.
It’ s been three years since Edmonds has stepped on a plane.
Yet here she is now, 20,000 feet above the ground onboard a turbo-prop that's
a route from New York, LaGuardia Airport to Baltimore-Washington International Airport in Maryland. She is hoping this is the flight that will overcome her fear.
“I feel the seat. I feel the seat against my arm. I feel my hands，” recites Edmonds, her eyes still closed.
She is attempting to change her mind, one of several so-called “ strengthening exercises" she recently learned from a video course designed to overcome fear of flying. The idea is to focus on the moment, rather than the abstract. Former
Pan Am and United pilot Tom Bunn is president of the company that produced the videos
and that instructs passengers in the basic mechanics of flying and teaches them to control their thoughts.
Before boarding the U. S. Airways flight, Edmonds presents a letter from Bunn
to the flight attendant asking to speak with the captain. The pilot gladly obliges,
telling her he ’ s been flying for more than two decades and assuring her，You’
re going to be fine. We' re going to take good care of you.’
When the flight attendant offers drinks, Edmonds places her cup o f water on the
tray table and studies it, tangible evidence that the plane is barely shaking.
“ Ladies and gentlemen, we are approaching Baltimore，” announces th e flight attendant.
Edmond is relying heavily on Bunn ’ s coping strategies during the 90-minute flight. But she' s coping.
As the wheels touch down, Edmonds’ face lights up.
1. Laura Edmonds has a fear of flying because______.
A. she once experienced a mechanical failure
B. a mechanical failure often appears in her mind
C. she is good at imagining a terrible situation
D. air crashes often happen in her hometown
答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第二段“It’ s not the threat of terrorism that worries her，but rather the possibility of mechanical failure. She says she imagines
the plane plunging to the ground because the engines may fall off.”可知，Laura Edmonds害怕乘飞机是因为她总是担心机器出故障，故答案为B。
2. The underlined word "grip" in the third paragraph means______.
A. seized firmly
B. hurt se riously
C. cheated simply
D. treated carefully
答案解析：答案为A。本题为词义猜测题。由第三段“It is a fear that has gripped her
for 18 years, since her wedding day. Since then she has tr ied drugs and cocktails
to make it through flights. But, she says they’ ve been no help in easing her anxiety.”可知，自从她结婚后，坐飞机的时候就喝药和鸡尾酒，但是这些对于缓解她的焦
虑感没有作用，可以推断，18年以来，恐惧总是缠绕着她，因此“grip”的意思是“seized firmly”
意为“紧紧抓住”。故答案为A。
3. From this passage it can be inferred that______.
A. every seat in planes is equipped with video
B. passengers on board always feel nervous
C. nervous passengers can get comfort from airlines
D. travel by train is safer than travel by plane
答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。第八、九段写到美国飞行员Tom Bunn生产了帮助乘客克服飞行恐惧的光碟，教乘客如何控制恐惧思想，第十段中“The pilot gladly obliges, telling her he ’ s been flying for more than two decades and assuring her，You’ re going to be fine. We' re going to take good care of you.’”乘务员温馨的话语体现了他们对心理紧张的乘客的安慰，故C选项符合题意。
A、B选项未提。由第四段“She has dragged her family on the train from Connecticut to Florida, insisted on long drives and tried to avoid flying at all costs.”可知，Laura Edmonds拽着家人乘坐火车，而不乘坐飞机是因为她内心害怕坐飞机，无法推断出火车比飞机更安全的结论，故D选项错误。
4. Laurn' s overcoming the fear of flying is mostly owed to______.
A. airline' s comfort
B. her counting the hours on board
C. a letter from Bunn
D. her defeating herself
答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。由最后两段可知，Laurn在90分钟的飞行中依靠Tom Bunn 生产的光碟，模仿光碟中教乘客克服恐惧的策略，文中用了“But she' s coping.”，作者认为她只是在模仿，真正克服飞行恐惧的是她依靠自己的意志力打败了自己，故答案为D。
阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】A
Many people may be surprised by the number of chemicals that they are exposed to through everyday household products.
In a study 25 women had their homes and bodies tested for 89 environmental pollutants—including pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemicals found in plastics and cleaning products.On average 20 chemicals were found on their bodies or in their homes. Much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products.But certain chemicals—like phthalates (邻苯二甲酸盐) found in plastics—have been linked to potential health risks，including higher risks of certain cancers，though the evidence mainly comes from research on lab animals.Other household chemicals are known to harm the skin，eyes and airways—and may worsen asthma
(哮喘)．Many more chemicals found remain untested.
Chemicals likely come from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to reduce people’s exposure，according to Dr.Rebecca Altman，the lead researcher on the new study.“However，” she said，“there are still measures people can take.”
In the original study，she noted，women were given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed to—such as using fragrance-free washing liquid and personal-care products.
For the current study，Altman and her colleagues interviewed two dozen women who’d taken part in the previous study to see how they would react to information about their household chemical exposures.They found that the women were generally surprised at the range of chemicals found in their homes and bodies.They were also surprised that even some banned things were found.
With many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered，some experts worry that giving people information about their everyday exposures will cause unnecessary fear.However，the researchers found that the women in their study were typically not alarmed，and instead wanted “more rather than less” information on the issue.
26．Which of the following statements about chemicals in household products is TRUE? A．Some of them have bad effects on health，while some have good effects. B．Long-term exposure to them is certain to cause a d eadly illness.
C．In the study it was found that certain chemicals can cause cancers.
D．It is uncertain what effects some chemicals have on health.
27．The underlined word “airways” in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to ________. A．the passage running from your nose and throat to the lungs
B．things that look like fine threads growing in the body
C．the passage between rows of rooms in a building
D．the area just inside the front door of a building
28．Why is it NOT clear how to reduce exposure to chemicals?
A．Because all everyday products contain chemicals.
B．Because much is unknown about the sources.
C．Because chemicals come from a variety of sources.
D．Because measures have not been tested for their effects.
29．According to Dr.Rebecca Altman，________.
A．women were more likely to be harmed by chemicals
B．fragrant products may contain harmful chemicals
C．it is unnecessary to inform people about the study results
D．further study on everyday products should be done immediately
30．What was the women’s attitude towar ds the study results?
A．They were angry that so many chemicals were found.
B．They refused to be subjects for the study any more.
C．They were afraid of getting bad news about their health.
D．They would like to know more related information.
26．D [细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知答案为D。]
27．A [词义猜测题。airways与skin，eyes同是身体部位，因此排除C、D两项；根据后面的“may worsen asthma”，再根据构词法知识(air与way合成airway)可知A是正确答案。] 28．C [细节理解题。根据第四段“Chemicals likely come from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to...”可知答案为C。]
29．B [推理判断题。根据第五段的“such as using fragrance-free washing liquid (比如使用无香的洗涤液)”，可以推出带有芳香剂的日常用品可能含有有害的化学物质。] 30．D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“wanted‘more rather than less’information on the issue”可知，她们希望知道更多相关的信息。]
高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-----B
The Terrafugia, a small airplane that can drive on roads and has been billed as the first “ flying car,”is now one step closer to becoming street-and-sky-legal. The vehicle has cleared a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)(联邦航空管理委员会）regulation for craft classification (分类）by weight. A well-designed production model might be just around the corner, according to multiple
reports.
At issue was Mass-based company Terrafugia wanting its
Transition vehicle to be classified as a “Light Sport Aircraft" by the FAA so people eager to fly it would need only 20 hours of flying time. Yet the two-seater vehicle came in 110 pounds (50 kilograms) overweight in providing roadworthy-assuring safety items. The FAA said that so long as customers are advised about this extra weight,
the car-plane mixture can be sold.
The Terrafugia completed its maiden voyage last March in upstate New York. According to its maker, the Terrafugia can transform from a readable vehicle that
can hit a highway speed of 65 miles per hour to a winged aircraft in 30 seconds. The plane version can cruise at about 115 miles per hour ( 185 kilometers per hour) and cover about 400 miles ( 644 kilometers) worth of the area before needing
a refill of regular unleaded gas.
The price of a Terrafugia is expected to be around $200,000 and deliveries could
start next year, assuming the vehicle passes crash tests. The company has envisioned
its vehicle as finding a home with amateur pilots who live near air fields, but as
any Jetsons’ fan knows, flying cars might well be the wave of the future.
1. The underlined part in the Para. 1 “has been billed" means_____.
A. has been sold
B. has been advertised
C. has been ordered
D. has been designed
答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义推断题。由第一段“The Terrafugia, a small airplane that
closer to becoming street-and-sky-legal...A well-designed production model might be
just around the corner, according to multiple reports.”可知，根据报道名字叫Terrafugia的小型飞机模型或许马上就会问世，因此“has been billed”意思应该是“has been advertised”意为“已经得到了宣传”，故答案为B。
2. The author tells us in the passage that ______.
A. this vehicle can carry only two passengers
B. the driver should weigh less than 110 pounds
C. anyone can drive this flying car if they want
D. the car flies faster than a modern plane
答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由第二段“Yet the two-seater vehicle came in 110
pounds (50 kilograms) overweight in providing roadworthy-assuring safety items. The FAA said that so long as customers are advised about this extra weight, the car-plane mixture can be sold.”可知，这个交通工具有两个座位，只能超载110磅，FAA说顾客只有知道了这个额外重量，汽车飞机才能卖给他们，故A选项正确，B、C选项错误。第三、四段分别介绍了这个飞机汽车在公路上的时速和空中飞行速度，没有与现代飞机进行比较，故D 选项错误。
3. It is mentioned in the passage that flying cars might be______.
A. popular
B. light
C. convenient
D. safe enough
答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由最后一段最后一句话“...flying cars might well be the wave of the future.”可知，飞机汽车或许是未来的一种趋势，故答案为A。
4. Which is the best possible title of the passage?
A. Coolest Vehicles You ’ 11 Ne ver Get to Ride
B. Flying Car Could Transform Traffic Jam
C. Flying Car One Step Closer to Reality
D. Transportation in Future Time
答案解析：答案为C。结合第一题的分析和第一段的首句“The Terrafugia, a small airplane that can drive on roads and has been billed as the first “ flyi ng car,”is now one step closer to becoming street-and-sky-legal.”可知，飞机汽车还差一步就能在陆地和天空通行，故答案为C。
【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】B
Penguins live together，but each pair has a little piece of ground of their own.When a penguin wants to walk through its neighbor’s ground，it must ask permission.If it does not do that，it will have to fight.Most of the time，penguins live on the water.They eat shell fish and look after their children carefully.
All penguins are good parents—the male penguins are perhaps the best parents in the world.They walk in the sea in the middle of the dark Antarctic water.They choose their wives in the dark.They can only hear them—not see them.Then the female penguins lay their eggs and go away for about two months.The males take care of the eggs.If the eggs get cold，there will be no chicks.There is no food.The snow falls heavily and the wind blows strongly—sometimes at 150 kilometers an hour.The penguins do not
move.When the females return from the sea，they will not remember their husbands.It does not matter.Only one thing matters—the eggs.Male penguins never fight—unless a penguin leaves a chick for a minute.They then fight because they all want it.They are strange and wonderful birds.
31．It seems interesting and unusual that the male penguins choose their wives ______. A．when the female penguins return from the sea
B．just by hearing in the darkness
C．each time they see the lovely females
D．after they have had their own grounds
32．Male penguins fight when ______.
A．they choose their wives
B．they see a chick left alone
C．they want to get something to eat
D．they walk through their neighbors’ ground
33．From the passage we know that ______.
A．penguins live a hard life
B．penguins live in pairs
C．penguins will fight if one walks through others’ ground without permi ssion D．each penguin has a little piece of ground of its own
34．The penguins choose their wives in the dark.We can infer that ______. A．penguins like nights very much
B．there is no daytime in that place at all
C．the weather is cloudy and rainy all the year around
D．the sun can’t shine there for nearly half a year every year
35．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Female penguins take care of the eggs.
B．Female penguins often have their new husbands.
C．Male penguins use their ears to choose wives.
D．Male pe nguins don’t move when they take care of eggs，even though the wind often blows strongly.
31．B [细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句“They choose their wives in the dark.They can only hear them—not see them.”可知，雄性企鹅选择妻子只是在黑暗中通过听的方式。] 32．B [推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第三句“Male penguins never f ight—unless a penguin leaves a chick for a minute.”可以得知B项为正确答案。]
33．C [细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“When a penguin wants to walk through its neighbor’s ground，it must ask permission.If it does not do that，it will have to fight.”的描述可知C项为正确答案。如果选D项，则each penguin应为each pair。] 34．D [推理判断题。根据常识可知此时为极夜，故到处漆黑，没有光线。]
35．A [细节理解题。根据第二段第六句“The males take care of the eggs.”可知是雄性而非雌性企鹅照顾这些蛋。]
高考英语阅读理解训练50篇
阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二
高考英语阅读理解D专练5篇
阅读理解D专练5篇 Passage 1(2017江苏,D) Old Problem, New Approaches While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life, global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation. When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least, the US National Climate Assessment says that:“There is no ‘one-size fits all’ adaptation.”Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost. Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(连接) to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level:his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season. Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphel’s inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200,000m3of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphel’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.
【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案
【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 There might be as many as 10 million species of complex life on this planet today —— a huge number. But add up all of the complex species that ever lived and some biologists think the grand total would be about five billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing conclusion: a staggering 99% of species are not around any more. They have been driven to extinction. More species are joining the ranks of the extinct every year. Many scientists believe we are living through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction, on a scale that has been seen only five times in the last half a billion years. They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause. Over-hunting, overfishing, and human-driven habitat loss are pushing many species to the brink. In fact, we have changed the planet so much that some geologists are now suggesting that we have entered a new phase in Earth's history; an epoch they call the ＂Anthropocene＂. By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world's current species. Because we are living through this extinction, it is relatively easy for us to study the driving forces behind it. But how do we determine what caused other mass die-offs that happened long ago? To do so we have to look at what archaeologists, palaeontologists, geologists and other scientists have concluded from the evidence they have gathered. The trouble is, those scientists do not always agree with one another —— even about the most recent extinction event. As well as the five-or six- mass extinctions, there have also been many smaller extinctions. One of these mini extinction events happened towards the end of the Pleistocene, a few tens of thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the ＂megafaunal＂ extinction because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However, its cause remains a debate amongst scientists. （1）What can we learn about the sixth mass extinction？ A. Humans are the main cause of it. B. It means a global decline over a long time. C. It occurred towards the end of the Pleistocene. D. Scientists still disagree about the cause of it. （2）What can be inferred from the text about species？ A. 99% of species will not be around any more by 2100. B. By the 22nd century, there will probably be about five million on this planet. C. About eight years later we will enter what is called the ＂Anthropocene＂. D. It is not easy for us to figure out causes behind the＂Anthropocene＂. （3）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ? A. Land animals. B. Marine life. C. Huge animals. D. Flesh-eating creatures.
北京市海淀区高考英语阅读理解训练(6)(含解析)(1)
海淀区2015高考英语阅读理解训练（6）（答案） 【2015高考复习】阅读理解 “The U．S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)is considering to put stricter limits over tanning salons(晒黑廊)and wants to ban anyone younger than 18 years of age from using a tanning bed，”an advisory panel(专家团)announced last week. The panel is calling for tighter controls on the industry such as requiring teenagers to get the approval from their parents before using tanning beds or limiting the use of artificial tanning to a certain age.“Given the absence of any demonstra ted benefits，I think it is an obligation for us to ban artificial tanning for those under 18，”said panelist Dr.Michael Olding. Along with a possible ban for teenagers，the panel also recommended that visible warning labels should be placed either on the tanning machines or in the salons in order to caution tanners of the possible dangers.In addition，the committee decided that stricter regulations and classifications were critical to make the machines safe r.At this time the machines are categorized as FDA Class 1 devices，the ones that are least likely to cause harm.In case the FDA decided to change their classification from Class 1 to Class 2，as advised by the panel，the FDA could limit the levels of radiation the machines emit.Class 2 devices include X-ray m achines and powered wheelchairs. Getting a tan，whether from a tanning bed or the sun，increases the risk of developing skin https://www.360docs.net/doc/2d6645195.html,st year，the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)decla red tanning beds as “carcin ogenic(致癌的)to humans”．It was discovered that young individuals in their teens and 20s who use tanning beds on a regular basis have a 75 per cent higher risk of suffering from melanoma(黑素瘤)，the deadliest form of skin cancer.According to the American Cancer Society，melanoma accounted for nearly 69,000 cases of skin cancer in 2009 and will account for most (about 8,650)of the 11,590 mortality cases due to skin cancer each year. 【语篇解读】随着人们审美观的变化，越来越多的人希望自己拥有健康的古铜色皮肤。于是日光浴和晒黑廊相应而生。晒黑真的能使人拥有健康的皮肤吗？专家告诉我们并非如此。针对这种情况，美国食品药物管理局又会做何行动呢？ 20．According to the passage，what measures will U．S.FDA most probably take? A．Banning tanning salons. B．Posing heavier tax over tanning salons.
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析
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