常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(纽约派诗人 沉思型诗歌 黑山派诗人)【圣才出品】

常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(纽约派诗人 沉思型诗歌 黑山派诗人)【圣才出品】
常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(纽约派诗人 沉思型诗歌 黑山派诗人)【圣才出品】

第22章纽约派诗人?沉思型诗歌?黑山派诗人

22.1 复习笔记

I. The New York School(纽约派诗人)

1. Features of the New York School(纽约派诗歌的特点)

The so-called New York School became well known with the publication of Donald Allen’s 1960 anthology. The poets of the New York School were different in their separate pursuits, but their poetry reveals something they shared in common.

(1) For one thing, they were all vehemently up against the dominant New Critical values such as the impersonal presentation of images, and tried to assert their individual poetic voice.

(2) They also introduced the popular and the low features of life into their writings like popular songs, comic strip figures, and Hollywood movies.

(3) Thirdly, they exhibited a huge sense of humor, offering room as their poems did for elements like the vulgar and the sentimental.

(4) Finally, they experimented with Surrealism, for a while.

所谓的纽约派是随着唐纳德·艾伦1960年发表的文集而出名的。纽约派诗人的追求各异,但他们的诗歌都有相同的特点。

(1) 首先,他们都强烈反对占主导的新批评价值观如客观意象的展现,都力图表达个人的诗歌特点。

(2) 他们也把大众化的,比较低俗的生活特色,如通俗歌曲,卡通连环画和好莱坞电影等引入诗歌中。

(3) 第三,他们都展现了浓郁的幽默感,他们的作品中也不乏粗俗和伤感成分。

(4) 最后,他们都在一段时期内尝试过超现实主义。

2. Representatives of the New York School(纽约派代表诗人)

Frank O’Hara弗兰克·奥哈拉

Kenneth Koch 肯尼斯·科克

John Ashbery 约翰·阿什贝里

James Schuyler 詹姆斯·舒伊勒

II. Frank O’Hara (1926-1966)(弗兰克·奥哈拉)

1. Features of O’Hara’s poetry(奥哈拉诗作的特点)

(1) O’Hara’s works were a lot of them “occasional” poems written for a birthday, a thank-you etc. His poems are full of names of people, place, and literary works without proper introduction.

(2) O’Hara’s early poems were mostly surreali stic, and as such were often painfully obscure though there is a good deal of wit there.

(3) In his poems, O’Hara expresses a tragic vision.

(4) His poems is also noted for his language. His language is colloquial,

anecdotal, bare of ornaments, so he was very definitely well in step with the contemporary anti-literary, anti-artistic tradition.

(1) 奥哈拉的很大一部分作品都是“即景生情”类,例如致生日、致谢等。他的诗满是人名、地名、作品名,没有特别的注释。

(2) 奥哈拉早期的诗歌大部分都是超现实主义的。因此虽颇有禅机,却通常晦涩难懂。

(3) 在其诗歌中,奥哈拉有种悲剧思想。

(4) 他的诗歌因其语言而著名。他的语言通俗、闲适、随意、不经雕琢,因此他与反文学反艺术的传统绝对搭调。

2. Major works(主要作品)

The Lunch Poems《午餐诗》

“Second Avenue”《第二大街》

“Why I Am Not a Painter”《我为何不是一个画家》

“The Day Lady Died”《黛女士死的那天》

“Joe’s Jacket”《乔的夹克》

III. John Ashbery (1927-)(约翰·阿什贝里)

John Ashbery was for quite some time regarded as one member of the New York School. But as he moved into the more mature phase of his career, his poetry reveals, more and more, the salient features of a meditative mind. Now Ashbery has become one of the most meditative poets in contemporary America.

很长一段时间以来,约翰·阿什贝里被看作是纽约派的成员。但当他在事业上走向成熟

阶段,他的诗歌越来越显示了沉思型思想的突出特征。如今阿什贝里已成为当代美国最有沉思型特色的诗人。

1. Features of his poems(诗歌特点)

(1) Ashbery is probably the most obscure of contemporary American poets. Reading his poetry, the readers frequently toil not so much to discover its surface meaning—his language very often offers little difficulty, it is the undercurrent of meaning that his verbal structure embodies.

(2) Ashbery’s poetry, meditative to a fault, serves as a record of these extravagant “mental acts”. His mind operates in its own way and on its own terms, often defying obvious canons of well-received logic.

(3) His poetry, long or short, is normally a record of a consciousness flowing, observing whatever attracts its momentary notice, and commenting profusely along the way, using its own images and language so that it appears discursive, disjunctive, indeterminate, mysterious, an amalgam of the rational with the irrational.

(1) 阿什贝里可能是当代最隐晦不明的诗人。读他的诗歌,读者并不需费大力去理解它的字面意思,困难的是文字结构所代表的潜在意义。

(2) 阿什贝里的诗歌对错误进行反思,做这些放纵的“精神行为”记录。他的思想运作方式独特,别具一格,通常会打破广为接受的逻辑原则。

(3) 他的诗歌,无论长短,一般都是意识流式的记录,观察任何暂时吸引人的东西,同时进行大量的评论,运用自身意象和语言,因此显得东拉西扯,毫不相干,寓意不明,神秘

莫测,是理性和谬误的结合。

2. Major works(主要作品)

Some Trees《一些树》

The Tennis Court Oath《网球场誓言》

Rivers and Mountains《河与山》

The Double Dream of Spring《双重春梦》

Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror《凸镜中的自画像》

The Vermont Notebook《佛蒙特笔记本》

Houseboat Days《船家日子》

As You Know《如你所知》

Shadow Train《影子列车》

A Wave《波浪》

Selected Poems《诗选》

April Galleons《四月的古帆船》

Flow Chart《流程图》

Hotel L’Autreamont《洛特雷阿蒙酒店》

Can You Hear, Bird《鸟儿,你能否听见》

IV. A. R. Ammons (1926-)(A. R.阿蒙斯)

Ammons is another major contemporary meditative poet. He writes often in the Romantic tradition.

阿蒙斯是当代另一位主要的沉思型诗人。他常以浪漫主义的传统方式写作。

◆Major works(主要作品)

“Corson Inlet”《科尔森水湾》

“Mountain T alk”《山地语言》

“So I Said I am Ezra”《我说我是艾兹拉》

V. The Black Mountain Poets(黑山派诗人)

It refers to a group of poets active on the contemporary scene included, among others, Charles Olson, Denise Levertov, Robert Duncan, and Robert Creeley. As these people were either associated with Black Mountain College, or with Black Mountain Review, they have become known as the “Black Mountain Poets.” The Black Mountain poets made their significant addition to contemporary American literature.

黑山派指的是活跃在当代的一群诗人,包括查尔斯·奥尔森、丹尼斯·莱弗托夫、罗伯特·邓肯和罗伯特·克瑞里。他们这些人要么与黑山学院有关,要么与《黑山评论》杂志有关,因此被称为“黑山派诗人”。黑山派诗人在当代美国文坛留下了辉煌的一页。

VI. Charles Olson (1910-1970)(查尔斯·奥尔森)

1. Brief Introduction about Olson(奥尔森简介)

Charles Olson was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, grew up there and did the course work for the Ph. D. at Harvard. He did excellent work as a scholar in such

陶洁版_美国文学期末笔记

美国文学笔记 I. Colonial Period(殖民地时期)(约1607-1765) II. The Revolutionary period(革命时期) :( 1765-18世纪末)Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790) III.The Romantic period (浪漫主义时期): (1800-1865)Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1849) Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) Henry Daivd Thoreau (1817-1862) Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) Herman Melville (1819-1891) Walt Whitman (1819~1892) Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) IV.The Realism and Naturalism(现实主义和自然主义) : (1865-1918) Mark Twain (1835-1910) Henry James (1843-1916) Stephen Crane (1881-1900) V. The Modern period (现代主义时期): 1918-1945 F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940) William Faulkner (1897-1962) Ernest Hemingway (1899—1961) Ezra Pound (1885—1972) Robert Frost(1847-1963) Eugene O’ Neil (1888-1953) VI. Contemporary literature(当代文学):(1945- ) I. Colonial Period(殖民地时期)(约1607-1765) II. The Revolutionary period(革命时期): (1765-18世纪末)Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790): 1. Summary: One of the greatest founding fathers of the American Nation First great self-made man in America

心情随笔短句致自己【心情随笔现代诗歌】

心情随笔短句致自己【心情随笔现代诗歌】 【茯苓】 轻念手中圈写的字眼 初水寒霜凝了烟 落幕无晴细眉微敛 愀然吹散那一径香花弥漫 我穿枝拂叶踏着莲殇 章台游冶舞缦蹁跹 盛世浮华一夕间 终随你消失不见 【阑意】 一场雨碎落了凉意 我端起杯盏看茶色晕染 缕缕茶烟绕紧心环 是谁陌上花开放逐思念 桃之夭夭付于流年 红尘本就莫幻 好情自古难全 谁写下弱水三千 太深太浅 【倾世宿藜】 我曾捡拾石子掷于湖面 听石于湖水叮咚缠绵 俯仰之间星移辰换 北斗折桂渊数未辨 我手执经筒叩问上天 线纹续断何时能遣 我虔诚伏身跪拜心现苍老容颜 忆旧时离散却也成欢 一世长磕终不负卿半世期盼 缱绻丝萦处无他亦无念 【晚晴】 浅黛匀紫勾勒晚景好天 我于城上一隅 静看那细线凝成烟 枝影横斜 伸进邻家小园 灯火幢幢 却没了烛花轻颤 夤夜幕上

金色覆了满眼 心思却巧妙偏转 皓月似她眉眼 不经意间 弯进谁的心田 【爻】 你的荒年青春埋葬了太多感伤 荒芜的城里谁在低吟那一纸薄凉 不断坠落的云层闪现着过往 烟雨依旧却没了梦中的惆怅 你说枯萎的寂寥长满思念的荒草 荒年的路被落花埋葬 十里红妆谁被仔细收藏 那一年我开尽所有的绚烂 如今我安静伏于湖心 静看山水浅尝欢愉 【冧倾】 我看到你干净灵魂的影子 妖娆盛放于荒芜的大地 炙热的花瓣 灼烧寂灭者的魂灵 敏感细腻的影子啊 以一种温润的光芒 愀然浸入心底 我该如何告知荒城里的少年 你孤单固执柔情的模样 已刻进一颗刺刺球的眼底 她在同样荒芜的城里看着阳光先生 她在荒年里埋葬着花期 她在山崖上看着阳光先生手边温婉的身影她的身后是落了一径的尖刺 血染红泥土混合着草的味道 转身再没天涯说的出口 【荒城里的少年】 你是谁荒城里的少年 冷华轩宇傲立于世 风吹起你墨色的衣角挽成高傲冷酷的花你不是我荒城里的少年 华灯纵博轻酌琼酿 你微醺的模样碎裂了冰冻的表情 醉语呢喃痴痴缠缠是在忆着谁? 亲爱的荒城少年 花已落雪已融满城已无景 你眼神温暖是否又记起当年

常耀信《美国文学简史》(第3版)笔记和考研真题详解(9-14章)【圣才出品】

第9章地方色彩小说?马克?吐温 9.1复习笔记 I.Local Colorism(地方色彩主义) The vogue of local color fiction was the outgrowth of historical and aesthetic forces that had been gathering energy since early19th century.Local colorism as a literary trend first made its presence felt in the late1860s and early seventies.It is a variation of American literary realism. Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historians of a vanishing way of life,recorders of a present that faded before their eyes.They concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local character of their regions.They tended to idealize and glorify,but they never forgot to keep an eye on the truthful color of local life.Major local colorists are Bret Harte,Hanlin Garland, Harriet Beecher Stowe,Kate Chopin and Mark Twain. 地方色彩小说的流行是自19世纪早期以来历史和艺术力量凝聚的产物。作为一种文学潮流,地方色彩主义在19世纪60年代晚期和70年代早期初展头角。它是美国现实主义文学的一个分支。 地方色彩主义作家是怀念正在消逝的生活方式的历史家,他们记录了在他们眼前逝去的现在。他们致力于展示描述自己地方的特色,倾向于赞颂地方生活并将其理想化,但是他们又注意不失地方生活的真实色彩。主要的地方色彩主义作家包括布莱特·哈特、汉林·加兰德、哈里耶特·比彻·斯托、凯特·肖邦及马克·吐温等。 II.Mark Twain(1835-1910)(马克·吐温) 1.Life(生平) Mark Twain,pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,is a great literary giant of America. He was brought up in the small town of Hannibal,Missouri,on the Mississippi River.He was twelve when his father died and he had to leave school.He was successively a printer’s apprentice,a tramp printer,a silver miner,a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi,and a frontier journalist in Nevada and California.This knocking about gave him wide knowledge of humanity. With the publication of his frontier tale,he became nationally famous.His first novel The Gilded Age was an artistic failure,but it gave its name to the American of the post-bellum period.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was his masterwork.Mark Twain was essentially an affirmative writer.But toward the latter part of his life,due to some tragic events,he changed to an almost

美国文学史复习资料

美国文学史复习(colonialism) 第一部分殖民主义时期的文学 一、时期综述 1、清教徒采用的文学体裁:a、narratives 日记b、journals 游记 2、清教徒在美国的写作内容: 1)their voyage to the new land 2) Adapting themselves to unfamiliar climates and crops 3) About dealing with Indians 4) Guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit 3、清教徒的思想: 1)puritan want to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices 净化信仰和行为方式 2) Wish to restore simplicity to church and the authority of the Bible to the theology. 重建教堂,提供简单服务,建立神圣地位 3)look upon themselves as chosen people, and it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing God's will and is not to be accepted. 认为自己是上帝选民,对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝 4)puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated. 反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5)religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful God.强调上帝严厉的一面,忽视上帝仁慈的一面。 4、典型的清教徒:John Cotton & Roger William 他们的不同:John Cotton was much more concerned with authority than with democracy; William begins the history of religious toleration in America. 5、William的宗教观点:Toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang from the idea that simply to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God. 行为上的德,信仰上的诚,并没有给任何人强迫别人该如何行事的权利。没有任何政治秩序和教会体制能够直接体现神本身的意旨。 6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人:Anne Bradstreet 7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人:the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor. 学习指南: 1、Could you give a description of American Puritans? 关于美国清教徒的描绘 Like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to the "purity" of the first-century church as established by Jesus Christ himself. To them religion was a matter of primary importance. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God, all that John Calvin, the great French theologian who lived in Geneva had preached. It was this kind of religious belief that they brought with them into the wildness. There they meaant to prove that were God's chosen people enjoying his blessings on this earth as in Heaven. 2、Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing. 3、The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor, rose to the level of real poetry.

2021武汉大学中国古代文学考研真题经验参考书

2019考研已经过去了一段时间,我在被录取之后,还是很激动的,因为自己的复习较晚,在这里要特别感谢身边研友的陪伴。就从考研备考来说,我将把自己的一些经验总结总结,分享给大家。 首先,我想跟大家说,一定要提前想好要不要考研。在暑假之前,我是没有打算复习考研的,内心想着文科生还是能找到工作的,并准备暑假去实习。实习了半个月,实在干不下去了。我就在想,大学毕业说不定也就是实习的样子,待遇也好不到哪去。经过自己内心的灵魂拷问,我决定:辞去工作,考研。那么问题来了,考哪呢?又是一番挣扎,因为那个时候很多人都已经复习了一段时间了,我还没有怎么关注过考研信息。我就找了我的室友,问了下考研的流程,最后选择了武汉大学中国古代文学。原因是学校离家近,专业也在大学期间学过一些,也方便以后找工作。因为选择的晚,前期复习起来总是手忙脚乱的。但是我告诉自己,不能乱,选择了复习就是了,拼上一把。中国古代文学有三个方向:魏晋南北朝隋唐五代文学、宋元文学、明清文学,都是全日制,招收二十多个人。当然,很多文科专业都是类似的,甚至招的人更少。竞争还是有的,所以有意考研的一定要做好充分的准备。 中国古代文学考试范围:政治、英语一、业务课一是文学理论与中国现当代文学、业务课二是中国古代文学与外国文学。接下来我将分公共课和专业课两块来谈谈我的一些经历。 政治英语几乎是所有考研人都要考的,如果英语特别不好的话,可以选择别的语言。因为自己开始复习的晚,自己的英语水平又不高,但其他语言也没有基础,所以我报了一个英语辅导班。背了《一本单词》,辅导班虽然是大班授课,但是我仍然是学到了不少,尤其是用词根词缀记忆单词。此外,我在上课以外的时间也会和班上别的同学交流,加上老师的鼓励,使我对英语复习越来越有信心了。就这样一天天的跟着学习,我的英语词汇语法越来越好了。后来就是集中的练题,做了《木糖英语真题手译》,但是真题没有一套套做,是按照老师整理好的分类进行练习的。政治,暑假我是都没想复习,因为听说政治复习早晚最后的分数差别不大。所以,我就想晚点开始,先把别的复习复习。在国庆之后,我才开始复习政治。我是直接看的《李凡政治新时器》,做做看看答案,解析也是认真的看,因为没有时间看别的资料了。李凡配套题既是我的练习册又是我的参考

走进杜牧诗歌杂文随笔

走进杜牧诗歌杂文随笔 鄙人爱好诗歌 ,但自己不会做诗。似乎有些好笑,每每读到那些脍炙人口的好诗句 ,内心便会激动,而且仰慕不已。像李白 、杜甫 、杜牧、白居易 等等这些诗文大家的诗歌都非常喜欢阅读。抛开他们诗文中所表达的深邃的 思想,悠远的意境,和一腔忧国忧民的爱国热忱姑且不论。单就诗文的遣词造句的功力,就令鄙人赞叹不已。此生恐怕望尘莫及!但这些并不代表我不喜爱诗歌。愈是自己不懂的东西,就透着一种神秘的面纱,犹抱琵琶半遮面,好奇心奋为旺盛,诗歌对自己的吸引力愈加强烈。 记得上初中时,一位语文老师,大讲特讲,专讲诗歌的韵律,讲了一节课的平平、仄仄,仄仄、平平,听得我是迷迷糊糊,疑疑惑惑,如坠云雾之中。最后,趴在桌子上进入梦乡。我想,可能是从小就拉下了韵律的缘故吧,和诗歌的缘分较浅,以至于自己现在做不来诗文,不懂韵律的韵味。但并不妨碍我对诗文的敬仰之情。正所谓仁者见仁智者见智,姑且写些粗疏的文字,自我安慰而已,能够博得一些有识之士的茶余饭后的消遣罢了,仅只而已,贻笑大方了。正好比对于一件精美的瓷器,有鉴赏能力的有品位人,品的是它的文化内涵和情调。在市井小人的眼里,不过是一个能装东西的器皿,没有什么稀奇。品味的不同,观点亦有所不同,纯属个人的修养、文化层面不同而已,也不足为怪。也没有必要深究,观点的粗俗可能受个人的文化层次、思想的境界和艺术的熏陶有关,和对文学 的喜好关系不是很大吧。我于闲暇阅读了杜牧的一些诗篇,从内心了赞叹其诗歌的神奇魅力。 杜牧(803—852),字牧之,唐代京兆万年县(今陕西西安)人,宰相杜佑之孙,太和二年(828)进士。一生在京任职,官终中书舍人。 杜牧生活在社会矛盾激化的晚唐社会。为了拯救唐王朝,他主张削平藩镇,加强国防,实现全国的统一。他政治上思想进步,但终身未能施展抱负,似乎有些遗憾。

常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(美国浪漫主义 欧文 库柏)【圣才出品】

第3章美国浪漫主义欧文库柏 3.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American Romanticism(美国浪漫主义简介) In the history of American literature, the Romantic period is one of the most important periods. It stretched from the end of the eighteenth century through the outbreak of the civil war. 美国文学中的浪漫主义时期开始于18世纪末,到南北战争爆发为止,是美国文学史上的重要阶段。 1. Background(背景) (1) A nation bursting into new life cried for literary expression. The buoyant mood of the nation and the spirit of the times seemed in some measure responsible for the spectacular outburst of romantic feeling. The literary milieu proved fertile and conductive to the imagination. Magazine appeared in ever-increasing numbers. They played an important role in facilitating literary expansion. (2) Foreign influences added incentive to the growth of romanticism. The Romantic Movement, which had flourished earlier in the century both in England

美国文学笔记

美文学美国部分——浪漫主义时期 Part two: American Literature Chapter 1 The Romantic Period浪漫主义时期 1. From the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of he Civil War. It started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman’s L eaves of Grass. It is also called “the American Renaissance”.浪漫主义时期开始于十八世纪末,到内战爆发为止,华盛顿.欧文出版的《见闻札记》标志着美国文学的开端,惠特曼的《草叶集》是浪漫主义时期文学的压卷之作。(也可称为“美国德文艺复兴”) 2. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature.对逃离社会,回归自然的渴求成为美国文学的一个永恒的话题。 3. The American Puritanism as a cultural heritage exerted great influences over American moral values.美国清教作为一种文化遗产,对美国人的道德观念产生了很大的影响。 4. Besides, a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne, Melville and a host of lesser writers. 在霍桑,麦尔维尔以及其他一些小作家的作品种加尔文主义的原罪思想和罪恶的神秘性都得到了充分的表现。 5. The most clearly defined Romantic literary movement in this period is New England Transcendentalism.美国浪漫主义文学运动足能标炳的是新英格兰的超验主义运动。 6. This Transcendentalist group includes two of the most significant writers America has produced so far, Emerson and his young friend, Henry David Thoreau, whose writing has a strong impact on American literature.超验主义文学的主要代表是爱默生和梭罗,他们的作品对美国文学产生了很大的影响。 7. Basically, Transcendentalism has been defined philosophically as “the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively, or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the senses.”超验主义承认“人类具有本能了解或认识真理的能力,能够超过感官获取知识”。 8. Emerson once proclaimed in a speech, “Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of you own mind.” Other concepts that accompanied Transcendentalism include the idea that nature is ennobling and the idea that the individual is divine and, therefore, self-reliant.爱默生曾说过:“只有人心灵的尊严才是最神圣的”。超验主义还认为自然是高尚的,个人是神圣的,因此人必须自助。 9. It ranges from the comic fables of Washington Irving to the Gothic tales of Edgar Allen Poe, from the frontier adventures of James Fenimore Cooper to the narrative quests of Herman Melville, from the psychological romances of Nathaniel Hawthorne to the social realism of Rebecca Harding.美国浪漫主义时期的小说富有独创性,多样性,与华盛顿.欧文的喜剧性寓

浙江大学中国古代文学考研真题经验参考书

时间其实真的挺快得,作为一个考研过来人,想说的不少,经过一个多星期的准备,我把我一切关于自己考研的经验全部汇总成册,希望能给你们带来一些有所实质性的帮助。,当然,千人千面,这仅仅是我自己得经验,大家大可以取其精华去其糟粕,一定要有自己的观点和看法。 很多人在备考时都会不安,包括我自己在内,总会想一些乱七八糟的事情,比如,学校有没有歧视啊?最近状态不好,学不进去啦?感觉自己考不上,很烦躁怎么办?……当然,有这些状态都是很正常的,考研路上谁都有不坚定、自信心严重受挫的时候。 的确,考研本身就是一个漫长的过程,它从来就不是一蹴而就的,尤其是在面对初期选择时的困惑与迷茫,面对暑期复习时的炎热和烦躁,面对着无数学子报名的压力与恐惧,面对着很多人找工作赚钱时的诱惑和反思,面对着永远复习不完的文字和题海,面对着考场失利的担忧和紧张,面对着客观存在的纷繁复杂的一切的时候,但如果你坚持下来了就会发现你所经历的一切又无时无刻不在带给你惊喜。所以,如果开始,就请你坚持。 去年的这个时候我也和你们大多数人一样,辗转于各大贴吧、论坛,听大家的经验分享,那时其实真的有时候感觉挺犹豫的,觉得自己是不是也有能力真像其他考上理想学府的人一样出类拔髓?是不是也有一些可能从一个双非大学进入一个亚洲知名的大学开启新世界?面对未知,我们总会有过多的思虑,到了最后甚至都忘记了自己为什么要开始。但是值得庆幸的是,我不但坚持了下来,而且顺利那到浙大录取通知书。那一刻,也许只有自己知道当初的勤奋努力是有多值得。自豪感和成就感带来的喜悦冲击是我这辈子都无法忘却的。 我身边真的有一些看上去还算优秀的例子,刚开始复习的时候信心满满,恨不得马上就进入那个学校。等到后来随着压力的增大、知识越来越难、消耗的时间和精力让他们慢慢怀疑自己,最后就进入半放弃的状态。这时候你需要重审一下自己,到底考研为了什么,自己已经辛苦了那么久如果放弃到底值不值得。我记得有句话大概是这样说的:现在的你能不能对得起曾经努力的自己。 所以,考研的过程不但考验你的知识水平能力,还要拼个人的耐力,坚韧力。坚持就是胜利,别配不上自己的野心,别辜负了所受的苦难。 关于浙江大学专业目录的问题

回忆经典诗歌随笔:那时,我们有诗歌

回忆经典诗歌随笔:那时,我们有诗歌 那时,我们有诗歌 七八十年代的中国,没有满街的汽车,没有手机,没有变化多端的网络世界。物质生活的相对匮乏却创造了中国新诗最后的辉煌。 那时候,写诗是一种风气和时尚。诗人们闯荡于诗歌的“江湖”,民众们枕边都放着《朦胧诗集》,孩子们对诗人的疯狂崇拜丝毫不亚于今天的追星,读诗、写诗成了那个时代的标签。 当我们回顾那段岁月时,浮现出来的不仅仅是那些意气风发的光辉面影和那些或充满希望或带着迷茫的诗句,还有一个时代落幕时分的凝重血色和我们对纯粹的怀念。 让我们记住这些才华横溢的名字。 穆旦 早在四十年代,穆旦就成为当时最受欢迎的青年诗人,他的诗在上海诗人中产生了强烈的反响。穆旦诗作的艺术风格、诗学传统、思想倾向和文学史意义,在四十年代就被一些诗人和评论家较为深入地讨论着,并被介绍到英语文学界。穆旦去世多年以后,才逐渐被人们重新认识。人们出版他的诗集和纪念文集,举行”穆旦学术讨论会”,给予他很高的评价。”二十世纪中国诗歌大师”的排行榜上,他甚至被名列榜首。这种种的不寻常,被

称为”穆旦现象”。穆旦被认为“是这一代的诗人中最有能量的、可能走得最远的人才之一”。 而如今突然面对坟墓/我冷眼向过去稍稍四顾/只见它曲折灌溉的悲喜/都消失在一片亘古的荒漠/这才知道我全部的努力不过完成了普通生活 ——穆旦《冥想》 北岛 北岛的诗歌创作开始于十年动乱后期,反映了从迷惘到觉醒的一代青年的心声,十年动乱的荒诞现实,造成了诗人独特的“冷抒情”的方式——出奇的冷静和深刻的思辨性。他在冷静的观察中,发现了“那从蝇眼中分裂的世界”如何造成人的价值的全面崩溃、人性的扭曲和异化。他想“通过作品建立一个自己的世界,这是一个真诚而独特的世界,正直的世界,正义和人性的世界。”在这个世界中,北岛建立了自己的“理性法庭”,以理性和人性为准绳,重新确定人的价值,恢复人的本性;悼念烈士,审判刽子手;嘲讽怪异和异化的世界,反思历史和现实;呼唤人性的富贵,寻找“生命的湖”和“红帆船”。他曾经获得诺贝尔文学奖提名。在《回答》中,北岛以高音喇叭的方式,呐喊出了一代 人“我不相信”的回声,表达了对“卑鄙是卑鄙者的通行

常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(美国戏剧)【圣才出品】

第19章美国戏剧 19.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American drama(美国戏剧概述) American drama began in 1916 when the Provincetown Players produced Eugene O’Neil’s first play, Bound East for Cardiff. It is true that there were no great masters in the theater comparable in stature to such major figures in fiction as Melville or James, but there had been people who did spadework for the rise of American drama in the 1920s. There was a renaissance of drama in the 1920s. American drama began the process of developing itself into a department of American literature equal in significance to both poetry and the novel. The theater of the Depression was not depressing. Like other branches of literature the drama was preoccupied with social concern. The staging of Tennessee Williams’The Glass Menagerie on Broadway in 1945 was an even of unusual significance, as it marked American drama’s coming of age. The late fifties saw a temporary decline in dramatic productions, but in the next decade, American drama picked up a good deal of fresh energy. With the passage of time there has appeared the increasingly more obvious tendency to “decentralize”from Broadway with more and more plays stages Off-Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway. And from the end of the sixties.

美国文学史及选读考研复习笔记6.

History And Anthology of American Literature (6) 附:作者及作品 一、殖民主义时期The Literature of Colonial America 1.船长约翰·史密斯Captain John Smith 《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》 “A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony” 《弗吉尼亚地图,附:一个乡村的描述》 “A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country” 《弗吉尼亚通史》“General History of Virginia” 2.威廉·布拉德福德William Bradford 《普利茅斯开发历史》“The History of Plymouth Plantation”3.约翰·温思罗普John Winthrop 《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England” 4.罗杰·威廉姆斯Roger Williams 《开启美国语言的钥匙》”A Key into the Language of America” 或叫《美洲新英格兰部分土著居民语言指南》 Or “A Help to the Language of the Natives in That Part of America Called New England ” 5.安妮·布莱德斯特Anne Bradstreet 《在美洲诞生的第十个谬斯》 ”The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America” 二、理性和革命时期文学The Literature of Reason and Revolution 1。本杰明·富兰克林Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) ※《自传》“ The Autobiography ” 《穷人理查德的年鉴》“Poor Richard’s Almanac” 2。托马斯·佩因Thomas Paine (1737-1809) ※《美国危机》“The American Crisis” 《收税官的案子》“The Case of the Officers of the Excise”《常识》“Common Sense” 《人权》“Rights of Man” 《理性的时代》“The Age of Reason” 《土地公平》“Agrarian Justice” 3。托马斯·杰弗逊Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) ※《独立宣言》“The Declaration of I ndependence” 4。菲利浦·弗瑞诺Philip Freneau (1752-1832) ※《野忍冬花》“The Wild Honey Suckle” ※《印第安人的坟地》“The Indian Burying Ground” ※《致凯提·迪德》“To a Caty-Did” 《想象的力量》“The Power of Fancy” 《夜屋》“The House of Night” 《英国囚船》“The British Prison Ship” 《战争后期弗瑞诺主要诗歌集》 “The Poems of Philip Freneau Written Chiefly During the Late War” 《札记》“Miscellaneous Works” 三、浪漫主义文学The Literature of Romanticism 1。华盛顿·欧文Washington Irving (1783-1859) ※《作者自叙》“The Author’s Account of Himself” ※《睡谷传奇》“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” 《见闻札记》“Sketch Book” 《乔纳森·欧尔德斯泰尔》“Jonathan Oldstyle” 《纽约外史》“A History of New York” 《布雷斯布里奇庄园》“Bracebridge Hall” 《旅行者故事》“Tales of Traveller” 《查理二世》或《快乐君主》“Charles the Second” Or “The Merry Monarch” 《克里斯托弗·哥伦布生平及航海历史》 “A History of the Life and V oyages of Christopher Columbus” 《格拉纳达征服编年史》”A Chronicle of the Conquest of Grandada” 《哥伦布同伴航海及发现》 ”V oyages and Discoveries of the Companions of Columbus” 《阿尔罕布拉》“Alhambra” 《西班牙征服传说》“Legends of the Conquest of Spain” 《草原游记》“A Tour on the Prairies” 《阿斯托里亚》“Astoria” 《博纳维尔船长历险记》“The Adventures of Captain Bonneville” 《奥立弗·戈尔德史密斯》”Life of Oliver Goldsmith” 《乔治·华盛顿传》“Life of George Washington” 2.詹姆斯·芬尼莫·库珀James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851) ※《最后的莫希干人》“The Last of the Mohicans” 《间谍》“The Spy” 《领航者》“The Pilot” 《美国海军》“U.S. Navy” 《皮袜子故事集》“Leather Stocking Tales” 包括《杀鹿者》、《探路人》”The Deerslayer”, ”The Pathfinder” 《最后的莫希干人》“The Last of the Mohicans” 《拓荒者》、《大草原》“The Pioneers”, “The Praire” 3。威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878) ※《死之思考》“Thanatopsis” ※《致水鸟》“To a Waterfowl” 4。埃德加·阿伦·坡Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) ※《给海伦》“To Helen” ※《乌鸦》“The Raven” ※《安娜贝尔·李》“Annabel Lee” ※《鄂榭府崩溃记》“The Fall of the House of Usher” 《金瓶子城的方德先生》“Ms. Found in a Bottle” 《述异集》“Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque” 5。拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) ※《论自然》“Nature” ※《论自助》“Self-Reliance” 《美国学者》“The American Scholar” 《神学院致辞》“The Divinity School Address” 《随笔集》“Essays” 《代表》“Representative Men” 《英国人》“English Traits” 《诗集》“Poems” 6。亨利·戴维·梭罗Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) ※《沃尔登我生活的地方我为何生活》 1

西北大学中国古代文学考研真题考研参考书

经过近一年的努力,终于上岸啦!因为自己在备考过程中也看了很多学长学姐们备考经验,所以作为回馈想和学弟学妹们分享一下我的经验,希望对大家有所帮助!我是在大三下学习的时候决定考研的,因为当时还赶上了学校的其他考试,所以对于我来时,我的考研之路既辛苦但也很充实! 本人是高中时时一个文科生,属于那种能写会编的类型,而且高中时的底子还剩下点,而且看很多前辈都说报班没什么用,我也就没有报班。我大概是从十月份开始复习政治的,当时就借了一个报政治考研强化班同学的政治讲义看了两遍,第一遍的时候主要是快速浏览,而第二遍才仔细看的。 然后就买了《李凡政治新时器》,对于《政治新时器》我主要是分阶段看的,这个是非常重要的,大家要注意,这本书我觉得都是精华。 接下来押题卷的重要性考研党应该都懂的,大题我是完全背下来的。其实政治大题大家分数差别不会非常大,最重要的还是选择题。 英语单词我用的是《一本单词》,里面的内容非常详细,阅读我用的也是他的,他对真题的解析思路清晰有条理,个人比较推荐。我总共刷了五遍真题,把里面的经典句式和高频单词都尽量做到熟悉,同时抄录到笔记本上,《木糖英语》也特别值买,他把出题者的出题套路总结的很彻底。我觉得考研英语的真谛就是要一遍遍不断的刷真题,多记笔记。 多读是提升阅读理解能力的好方法,我坚持早晚都会抽出半个小时来读书背书,不管是单词还是作文,什么都读。当然也要有一个合理的规划安排,我是习惯是早上背单词,晚上背作文和笔记,最后分数一些时间来做阅读,每天都定好计划要具体做什么。恒心一定要有,一定要简直的下来,当然如果平时吃完饭后也可以利用碎片化的时间在手机app上练习背单词。坚持一段时间之后,你就能发现不仅词汇量能有一个提升,更重要的是语感和写作技巧也能进步,你的自信心也会随之增强。 推荐《蛋核英语》作文书,好句子和整体思路框架都不错,有很多值得借鉴的表达方式。十月份就要开始练习写作文了,争取每天一篇大,小作文。 也可以那些模拟题练手,找找做题的感觉,《木糖英语真题手译》历年真题要多研究,多刷几遍,多分析分析出题者的思路和考察点。 相对专业课来说,本人建议大家做一个有规律性时间合理的计划,计划一定

相关文档
最新文档