初中英语定语从句用法

1.关系代词引导的定语从句

在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词(先行词)的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句要放在先行词的后面，对先行词起修饰限定作用。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(包括它的宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when, how, why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。

2.定语从句中关系代词只能用that的情况

典例透析

例1-I hear that Lily’s brother is a worker here.

-look, the man ______ is walking over there is her brother.

A.who

B. whom

C. what

D. which

【答案】A

【解析】此题考查定语从句的关系代词。who“代替人”作主语或者宾语；whom“代替人”作宾语；what不用于宾语从句；which“代替物”作主语或者宾语。先行词为人，在从句中作主语。故选A。例2One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou ______ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.

A. what

B. who

C. that

D. /

【答案】D

【解析】题考查定语从句的关系代词。句意为“被外国旅游者参观的最著名的地方之一是瘦西湖”。先行词是places，代替物，用关系代词that。故选C。

例3They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food ______ will help dog owners cool down their pets.

A. who

B. what

C. which

D. whether

【答案】C

【解析】此题考查定语从句。which作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，代替food。

例4That's the man ______ house was destroyed in the storm.

A. that

B. whose

C. who

D. which

【答案】B

【解析】此题考查定语从句。先行词是the man，根据后面的house可知先行词在后面从句中作定语，A、C、D三项都没有此功能，应该用whose。故选B。

例5This is one of the best films ______.

A. that have been shown this year

B. that have shown

C. that has been shown this year

D. that you talked

【答案】A

【解析】此题考查定语从句。本句话的先行词应该是films，前面有one of出现，关系代词需要用that，其谓语动词应用复数的被动语态have been shown。

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