汽车实用英语一大纲

汽车实用英语一大纲
汽车实用英语一大纲

08586汽车实用英语(一)

江苏技术师范学院编

江苏省高等教育自学考试委员会办公室说明:

采用教材:《汽车实用英语》,韩建保编著,高等教育出版社,2009年。

参考文献:《实用汽车维修英语》,王锦俞邹军新编,机械工业出版社,2004年9月第1版。

一、考试的重点内容

Unit1 History and Basic Components of Automotives

(第一单元汽车发展简史及其基本组成部件)

1.掌握汽车各总成及其主要部件的英文词汇和短语;

2.掌握描述系统的安装位置和组成部件的句型;

3.能够用简单的英文语句描述汽车各系统的基本功能和工作原理。

Unit2 Challenges for Repair Shops from Car’s Innovative Features

(第二单元轿车新技术特征对检测维修工作的挑战)

1.掌握轿车新技术特征和故障诊断与维修方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.熟悉车型的命名惯例;

3.能够用简单的英文语句描述轿车新技术特征。

Unit3 Automotive Diagnostic and Test Procedures

(第三单元汽车故障诊断与检测方法)

1.掌握汽车故障诊断与检测方法方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.掌握汽车故障诊断过程主要工作内容的英文语句;

3.掌握描述简单故障的英文语句。

Unit4 Years of Automotive Tools

(第四单元汽车维修工具的百年发展史)

1.掌握汽车维修工具的英文词汇和短语;

2.掌握描述汽车维修工具的工作原理和进行各种调整操作的句型。

Unit5 Automobile Electrical Systems and Preventive Maintenance

(第五单元汽车电气系统及其预防性维护保养)

1.掌握汽车电气系统的英文名称以及故障现象和维护保养方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.能够用简单的英文语句描述电气系统的故障现象。

Unit6 Electronic Throttle Control and its noteworthy capabilities

(第六单元电子节气门控制及其主要优点)

1.掌握汽车电子节气门的基本组成部件的英文词汇和短语;

2.能够用简单的英文语句描述汽车电子节气门的功能。

Unit7 Preventive Maintenance Tech Tips: Fuel Filter, Cap & Lines

(第七单元燃油滤清器、油箱盖和油路的预防性维护保养技巧)

1.掌握燃油滤清器、油箱盖和油路方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.掌握描述零件安装和拆卸过程中各项注意事项的英文语句。

Unit8 Head Gasket Failure Reasons, Replacement and Sealing

(第八单元气缸盖密封垫的故障原因、更换与密封)

1.掌握气缸盖密封垫方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.理解并熟记气缸盖密封垫失效原因的8个英文小标题。

Unit9 Cooling System and Troubleshooting

(第九单元冷却系统及其故障排除)

1.掌握汽车冷却系统方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.能够用简单的英文语句描述冷却系统的工作原理。

Unit10 The New Diesel Technology and Its Training & Repair

(第十单元柴油发动机新技术进展及其培训与检修)

1.掌握柴油发动机主要新技术特征方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.分析并掌握简述复杂系统工作原理的英文惯用语句;

3.通过注释语句体会专业英语翻译技巧。

Unit11 Preventive Maintenance Tech Tips for Brake Discs

(第十一单元制动盘的预防性维修保养技巧)

1.掌握制动盘预防性维修保养方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.能够用简单的英文语句描述制动盘的故障原现象和故障原因。

Unit12 Rapid Diagnosis of Engine No-Start Faults

(第十二单元发动机无法起动故障的快速诊断)

1.掌握发动机无法起动的原因及快速诊断方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.揣摩注释语句的中英文表达,掌握译文中不使用定冠词时的过渡性表达技巧。Unit13 Steering & Suspension Where is the Wear

(第十三单元如何检查转向和悬架部件磨损导致的故障)

1.掌握转向和悬架系统方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.能够用简单的英文语句描述转向和悬架系统的常见故障症状。

Unit14 Problems Caused by Worn or Damaged Suspension Bushings

(第十四单元正确诊断轴衬磨损导致的悬架故障症状)

1.掌握轴衬磨损导致的悬架故障方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.掌握描述汽车金属部件之间各种相对运动产生的响声的英文表达。

Unit15 New Technical Features of the US2004 Import Cars

(第十五单元美国2004年新款进口轿车的新技术特征)

1.掌握美国新款进口轿车的新技术特征方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.能够用简单的英文语句描述转子发动机的基本结构形式和工作原理。

3.在介绍新车型、新配置和新技术特征的文章中,熟悉插入语和英文缩写的应用。Unit16 4WD & AWD Drive-trains Service Tech Tips

(第十六单元四轮和全轮驱动系统的维护保养技巧)

1.掌握四轮驱动和全轮驱动方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.掌握四轮驱动和全轮驱动系统的共同点和差异。

Unit17 When an SUV’s Ride Deteriorates

(第十七单元运动型多功能汽车行驶平顺性恶化时的故障检测)

1.掌握汽车行驶平顺性恶化方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.理解注释语句的专业含义并掌握这类语句的翻译技巧。

Unit18 Specifications and Selection of Fluids for Automotive

(第十八单元各种车用油液的技术参数及其选用原则)

1.掌握各种车用油液及其技术参数方面的英文词汇和短语;

2.掌握机油的分类标准及其性能指标;

3.能够用简单的英文语句描述车用油液等级及选用原则。

Unit19 Diagnostic Information of Eight Major European Nameplates

(第十九单元欧洲八大品牌汽车故障自诊断技术透视)

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Lesson 1 Introduction 第一课介绍 introduction介绍;推荐come来here向这里,到这里yes是,嗳,我在这儿mom妈妈pleased 欣喜的;愉快的see会面,晤见;遇见so如是,如此 Mom: Come here, Bo-Bo.来,波波。 Bo-Bo: Yes, Mom? 什么事,妈妈? Mom: This is Li-Li.这是莉莉。 Bo-Bo:How do you do?你好! Li-Li: How do you do? 你好! Bo-Bo: Pleased to see you.见到你很高兴。 Li-Li: So am I.我也是。 Lesson 2 Greetings and Goodbye 第二课问候与再见 hello喂! fine有精神的,健康的thank感谢,谢谢very很,非常well健康的,安好的 So long! 再见! Li-Li: Hello, Bo-Bo! 你好,波波! Bo-Bo:Hello,Li-Li!你好,莉莉! Li-Li: How are you? 你好吗? Bo-Bo: I'm fine, thank you. And you? 我很好,谢谢你。你呢? Li-Li: Very well, thanks.很好,谢谢。 Bo-Bo: Good-bye, Li-Li.再见,莉莉。 Li-Li: So long!再见! Lesson 3 About Bo-Bo's Family 第三课波波的一家 Li-Li: How many people are there in your family, Bo-Bo?波波,你家有几口人? Bo-Bo: There are three: Father, Mother and I.有三口人:爸爸、妈妈和我。 Li-Li: What is your father? 你爸爸是做什么的? Bo-Bo: He is a professor. 他是位教授。 Li-Li: And what is your mother's job? 那你妈妈是干什么工作的呢? Bo-Bo: She is a writer. 她是位作家。 I love my parents very much. 我非常爱我的父母亲。 how many (成语)多少people人,人们professor (大学)教授job工作,职业writer作家;作者 love爱,热爱parents父亲;母亲;双亲very much非常,很 Lesson 4 Getting up 第四课起床

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Lesson Three Tug Assistance: 拖带协助 Dialog A: Tug Ordering 对话1:叫拖船 Yong Men/BOCV: Avonport Port Control. This is M/V Yong Men. I am anchor at Lambs Roadstead. I require tugs. Over. “永门”船:爱汶港调度,我是“永门”船。我在莱姆斯港外 开敞锚地抛锚。我需要拖船,请讲。 Avonport P.C: Roger. How many tugs do you require? Over. 爱汶港口调度:信息已清楚。你需要多少拖船?请讲。 Yong Men/BOCV: I will order two tugs. When will tugs expect to meet me? Over. “永门”船:我要两艘拖船,拖船几点到,请讲。 Avonport P.C: The tugs expect to meet you in half an hour. Out. 爱汶港口调度:拖船半小时到,完毕。 Dialog B: Tug Operation 对话2:拖船在工作 M/V Eternal Glory: Hold on your towing line. Make fast please. Forward tug. Over.

“永恒光荣”船:请拉紧拖缆,绑牢,前拖船。请讲。 Forward tug: M/V Eternal Glory. This is tug forward. The current is too rough. I suggest the aft tug single up. Over. 前拖船:“永恒光荣”船,这是前拖船。水流太不平稳了, 我建议后面的拖船单绑,请讲。 Eternal Glory: Affirmative. Single up. Aft tug. Over. “永恒光荣”船:同意,后拖船单绑,请讲。 Aft tug: Yes, sir. Single up. 后拖船:遵命。单绑。 Dialog C: Completion Work 对话3:结束工作 Chang Ting Bridge: Chang Ting. Let go fore and aft. Over. “长亭”驾驶台:“长亭”船注意。前后松绑,请讲。 Chang Ting aft: Chang Ting Bridge. This is tug aft. I will let go. Over. “长亭”船尾:驾驶台,这是船尾拖船,我将松绑,请讲。Chang Ting forward: Chang Ting Bridge. This is tug forward. I will let go. Over. “长亭”船头:驾驶台,这是船头拖船,我将松绑,请讲。 Tug 1: Let go my towing line. Chang Ting aft. Over.

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口语对话 1 赶时髦(go after fashion) A: Fashion show is around the corner, I’m so excited! 时装表演即将来临,我很兴奋! B: Are there any good!这有什么好的! A: I didn't see anything wrong with the clothes; they looked pretty nice to me. I think you don’t like it! Why?我没看出衣服有任何问题;在我看来它们都很不错。我觉得你不喜欢!为什么? B: It was dumb. I think it's stupid for women to wear clothes like that. 这是愚蠢的。我认为女人们穿成那样是很愚蠢的。 A: The benevolent see benevolence and the wise see wisdom. 仁者见仁,智者见智。 B: Do you really think people can wear that stuff and walk around the streets? 你真的认为人们可以穿那种东西走在街上? A: Yes, I do. At least, some people certainly can. They wear high-fashion clothes to show off their sense of style and wealth. 是的,我这样认为。至少,有人一定会。他们穿着时尚的衣服展示他们的时尚感和财富。 B: Well. I still think they're dumb. It makes more sense to spend the money on more practical purposes.我仍然认为他们是愚蠢的。把更多的钱花在更有意义的地方比较实际。 A: So you think it's bad if I wear it?所以你认为我穿成这样很不好吗?B: If you wear it I must speak nice! 如果你穿成这样我一定说它很好看!A: I know you will say that.我就知道你会这样说。 B: Only you know me!知我者非你莫属! 2 食品安全(food security)

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How do you do,Mr. Wang. I'm Brown,a ship chandler. 你好,王先生,我是布朗,物料供应商。 Glad to meet you,Mr. Brown. Have a seat,please. 很高兴见到你,布朗先生,请坐。Thanks. Your agent asked me to come and see you. 谢谢,你们的代理让我来见你。 Yes. We're going to order some stores and spare parts. 是的,我们想订些物料及备件。 Well,here is our price list. You'll find our prices fair and reasonable. 很好,这是我们的价目表,你会发现我们的价格公平合理。 I'm afraid I can't give you my order right now. 我恐怕不能马上给你订单。 That's all right. I'll be glad to come again tomorrow. 好的,我明天再来。 OK. See you tomorrow. 好吧,明天见。 Glad to see you,Mr. Brown. 很高兴见到你,布朗先生。 Me too,Mr. Wang. 我也是,王先生。 Let's talk about the orders. 我们谈一下订单吧。 All right. I'm ready for them. 是的,我正等着做这事呢。 We would like to get some spare parts for our diesel engine. 我们想订一些柴油机的备件。 What spare parts do you want? 你想要什么备件? I've got a list. Here you are. 我这儿有份备件清单给你。 Let me have a look. 让我看看。 When can you deliver them? 你们什么时候能送来? It depends on what you ordered. 这取决于你订什么东西。 A plunger with guide bush and sixty pcs of rubber rings. 一个带有导套的柱塞和60只橡皮圈。 Rubber rings,no problem. But the plunger is out of stock. However,I can make a special order for you. 橡皮圈没问题,但柱塞目前缺货,不过我可为你专门订货。 Can I get them within three days? 3天内能交货吗? I'm afraid not. The time is too short. 恐怕不行,太急了。 Well,Singapore is our next port of call. Could you airmail them there? 好吧,新加坡是我们下一停靠港,你可否把它们空运到那里? We'll arrange for the delivery,if you need them. 如果你们需要,我们可以安排。 OK. Customs duties and transport charge will be on your account(will be charged up to you). 好的,关税及运费由你们支付。 How about other spare parts or stores? 还需要别的备件和物料吗? Yes,we need water packing. 我们需要水封填料。 How much do you need?需要多少? Two boxes. 2箱。 All right, you'll have it. 好的,我们供给你。 Besides that,we'd like to order some electrodes for steel and v-belts. 此外,我们订购一些用于焊接钢的焊条和三角皮带。 How many pieces do you want to order? 你们想订多少? 3 packs of 3 mm diameter electrodes and 4 pieces of v-belts. 3包直径3 mm的焊条及4条三角带。 Are you going to take spare rollers? 你们需要备用滚轮吗? We don't need to this time. But thanks anyway. 这次我们不需要,但还是要谢谢你。Anything else? 还有别的吗?

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Daily Conversations 1 寒暄介绍 Greeting and Introductions 对话: A:Hello, Mr. Liu. Let me introduce you to Mr. James. Mr. James, this is Mr. Liu, a visitor of me. B:Hello, Mr. James. Nice to meet you. C:Nice to meet you too. I have heard a lot about you. B:Really Nothing bad, I hope. C:Of course not. You made a lot of new equipment by yourself. B:Yes. I like this work. C:Great! We may need your help later on. B:Sure. Just let me know when. C:Thanks. I will talk to you later. 补充句型: 1.Hi! How are you/ How are you doing你好吗 2.Hi! It ’ s nice to meet you!你好,很高兴见到你。 3.You look well.你看起来气色不错。 4.Fancy meeting you here.真想不到在这儿碰上你。 5.I don ’t think I’ve had the pleasure.我想我未曾有幸见过你。 6.Long time no see.好久不见。 7.I ’d like to introduce myself.My nameis Jane, and I ama middle school student in Xi ’ an. 我来做一下自我介绍,我叫简,是来自西安的一名初中生。 8.Hello, Mr. Wu, let meintroduce you to Mr. Liu. He is our new headmaster. 你好,吴先生,让我给你介绍一下刘先生,他是我们的新校长。 9. A pleasure to meet you, Mr. Bruse.很荣幸认识你,布鲁斯先生。 10.I ’ve heard a lot about you, Betty, now I finally have the chance to meet you in person.贝蒂,久仰大名,今天终于有幸见到你了。 2 天气 About weather 对话: A:Good morning Dad, How is the weather today B:Not so good. It’ s windy. A:Well, can we go out for our picnic as we talked last night B:I do not think so. It seems to rain. We’ d better stay at home today. A:Oh, come on Dad. You promised me. B:I ’ m sorry, son. But the weather outside is bad, and it will be raining all these days. A:When will this wet weather clear up B:The weather report said next week. Maybe next weekend we can go hiking. A:Ok, deal B:Yeah, it’s a deal. 补充句型:

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What are you trying to say?(你到底想说什么?) Don't be silly.(别胡闹了。) How strong are your glasses?(你近视多少度?) Just because.(没有别的原因。) It isn't the way I hoped it would be.(这不是我所盼望的。) You will never guess.(你永远猜不到。) No one could do anything about it.(众人对此束手无措。) I saw something deeply disturbing.(深感事情不妙。) Money is a good servant but a bad master.(要做金钱的主人,莫做金钱的奴隶。)I am not available.(我正忙着) Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.(脑中的知识比手中的金钱更重要) Never say die.it's a piece of cake.别泄气,那只是小菜一碟。 Don't worry.you'll get use to it soon.别担心,很快你就会习惯的。 I konw how you feel.我明白你的感受。 You win some.you lose some.胜败乃兵家常事。 Don't bury['beri]your head in the sand.不要逃避现实。 I didn't expect you to such a good job.我没想到你干得这么好。 You are coming alone well.你做得挺顺利。 She is well-build.她的身材真棒。 You look neat and fresh.你看起来很清纯。 You have a beautiful personality.你的气质很好。 You flatter me immensely.你过奖啦。 You should be slow to judge others.你不应该随意评论别人。 I hope you will excuse me if i make any mistake.如有任何错误,请你原谅 It was most careless ofme.我太粗心了。 It was quite by accident.真是始料不及。 I wish i had all the time i'd ever wasted,so i could waste it all over again.我希望所有被我浪费的时间重新回来,让我再浪费一遍。 I like you the way you were.我喜欢你以前的样子。 You two go ahead to the movie without me,i don't want to be a third wheel.你们两个自己去看电影吧,我不想当电灯泡。 Do you have anyone in mind?你有心上人吗? How long have you known her?你认识她多久了? It was love at frist sight.一见钟情 I'd bettle hit the books.我要复习功课啦。 a piece of one's mind .直言不讳 He gave me a piece of mind,"Don't shift responsibility onto others."他责备道:“不要把责任推卸到别人身上。” a cat and dog life水火不容的生活 The husband and his wife are always quarrelling,and they are leading a cat and do g life.这对夫妇老是吵架,相互之间水火不容。 a dog's life潦倒的生活

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Lesson Five In Icy Water 在有冰的水域 Dialog A: Ice-breaker Assistance 对话1:破冰援助 M/V Utopia: Skedholm Radio. This is M/V Utopia. My position 55°30′North 048°40′West. My destination Skedholm. Do I require ice-breaker assistance to enter? Over. “乌托邦”船:斯科德海姆台,我是“乌托邦”船。我船位置是 55°30′N,048°40′W。我船目的地是斯科德 海姆。我船需要破冰援助方能进入吗?请讲。Skedholm Radio: Yes, you require ice-breaker assistance. Receiving point is 225°, 10miles from Freya Head. Do not pass receiving point until 1100 hours local time. Out. 斯科德海姆台:对,你船需要破冰援助。会合点是方位225°, 距佛里亚·海德10海里处,在当地时间1100时 以前不要穿过会合点。完毕。 Dialog B: Ice-breaker in Operation. 对话2:破冰船在工作 M/V Princess Silva: M/V Nutcracker, This is M/V Princess Silva. Ok. I

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什么时候,随你便。 477. We’re willing t o accept your plan. 我们乐意采纳你的计划。 478. He knows it’s inconvenient, but he wants to go anyway.他知道这不太方便,但不管怎么样他还是要去。 479. According to Mr. Green, this is a complicated problem. 据格林先生认为,这是一个复杂问题。 480. She insists that it doesn’t make an y difference to her. 她坚持说,这对她无所谓。

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