绍兴九级英语词法语法句法手册Unit(讲解+习题+答案)

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Unit 4I used to be afraid of the dark.

1．brave enough足够勇敢

enough的用法：

(1)用作形容词，意为“充足的；足够的”，在句中可作定语或表语。作定语时，它的位置较灵活，既可放在所修饰词前，也可放在所修饰词后。如：

We have enough time(time enough) to finish the work. 我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。

(2)用作副词，意为“充分地；足够地；十分”，修饰形容词、副词或动词，位于所修饰词之后。如：

Are you warm enough in such a sweater?

你穿这么一件毛衣够暖和吗？

enough往往用在be＋形容词＋enough＋for＋sb.＋to do结构中，注意do后面不接宾语。如：

The room is big enough for me to live in.

这个房间对我来说足够居住了。

(3)用作代词，意为“足够；充分”。如：

—Would you like another piece of cake?

你想再来一块蛋糕吗？

—I have had enough.

我已经吃够了。

2．a small number of people少数人

(1)a number of意为“一些；若干；许多”，修饰可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。number可用small, big, large来修饰。如：

①A number of books are missing from the library. 图书馆里有一些书不见了。

②A number of students in this college are learning English.

这个大学里的许多学生在学英语。

(2)the number of意为“……的数量”，修饰可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用单数形式。如：

The number of students in this college is increasing. 这个大学里学生的数量在增加。

3．He was often absent from classes, and he failed his examinations.

他经常缺课并且考试不及格。

(1)absent作形容词，意为“缺席的”，其后常接介词from。如：

They were absent from work that day.

他们那天都没有上班。

be absent from还可表示“缺少；没有；无”。如：

Love was totally absent from his childhood.

他童年时代没受到丝毫的疼爱。

absent用作形容词有时还表示“心不在焉的；茫然的”，通常只用作定语。如：

He had an absent look on his face.

他脸上露出茫然的神色。

(2)absent作动词时，只用作及物动词，意为“缺席”，只接反身代词作宾语，表示“做某事缺席”，其后也接介词from。如：

Why did you absent yourself from class yesterday? 你昨天为什么没来上课？

4．take pride in以……为骄傲

如：

The young mother took pride in her son.

这位年轻的母亲以她的儿子为骄傲。

它的同义词组为be proud of，因此我们也可以说：

The young mother was proud of her son.

但要注意pride是名词，而proud是形容词。be the pride of 意为“是……的骄傲”。如：The son is the pride of his mother.

这个儿子是他母亲的骄傲。

1．This party is such a great idea!

这个晚会是如此好的一个主意！

such的用法：

(1)作形容词，起到一种强调作用。如：

①She has such talent in languages.

她在语言上很有天赋。

②Why are you in such a hurry?

你为什么这么匆忙？

【注意】通常情况下，如果such与名词之间还带有形容词，则不定冠词a/an要放在形容词前面。如：

We had such a wonderful time last weekend.

上周末我们过得很愉快。

这时也可以用so，但要说so wonderful a time。

(2)形成such...that结构，意为“如此……以致”，表示因为前面提到的原因引起了某种结果。如：

①He speaks to me in such a way that I always feel angry.

他用那种方式跟我说话，总是使我很生气。

②It was such a boring movie that I fell asleep.

这部电影是如此的乏味，使得我睡着了。

2．It's been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates. 自从上次我们小学同学见面起已有三年了。(意思是“我们已经三年没见面了”)

“It is(has been)＋时间＋since从句(动词用过去式)”表示“从……起已有多长时间了”。如：

It's five years since I began to learn English.

从我开始学英语起已经有五年了。

since作介词，意为“自从……”，后接某一确定的时间点或时间状语从句，主句谓语

动词是持续性动词，常与现在完成时态、现在完成进行时态或过去完成时态连用。如：

①He has been an English teacher since twenty years ago. 自从二十年前起他就成了英语老师。

②He has had the watch since he began to work. 从他开始工作起他就有那块手表了。

但有时候since引导原因状语从句，意为“既然；由于”。如：

Since everyone is here, let's begin.

既然每个人都到齐了，我们开始吧。

3．I got tons of attention everywhere I go.

不管我走到哪里都有很多的关注。

everywhere此处为连接副词，意为“到处；处处”。如：

His dog follows him everywhere he goes.

他走到哪里，他的狗就跟到哪里。

everywhere和where(ver)引导的从句放在主句前，往往含有条件、让步的意思，即“无论哪里；哪里……哪里就……”。如：

①Everywhere/Wherever I go, I find the same thing. 无论我到哪里，都发现同样的情况。

②Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

used to与be used to的用法

(1)used to do意为“过去常常做某事”，而现在往往不做了，用过去时态。如：

①I used to get up early in the morning when I was a high school student.

我是中学生的时候，早上我常常很早起床。

②She used to like basketball, but now she likes football.

她过去喜欢篮球，但现在她喜欢足球。

③I didn't use to exercise, but now I am used to playing basketball.

我过去常常不锻炼，但现在我习惯于打篮球。

(2)used to be意为“过去曾经是”。如：

①My grandmother used to be an English teacher.我奶奶过去是一名英语老师。

②There used to be an orange tree in my aunt's yard. 在我阿姨的院子里曾经有一棵橘子树。

(3)be used to意为“习惯于”，其中to为介词，后面跟名词或者动词-ing，还可以用get, become来代替be。如：

①He is used to living in the countryside.

他习惯于住在农村。

②He is used to hard life in the countryside.

他习惯于在农村的艰苦生活。

(4)be used to do意为“被用来做某事”，是被动语态的结构。如：

①Wood is often used to make desks and chairs.木头经常被用来制作书桌和椅子。

②A knife is used to cut things.

刀是用来切割东西的。

一、用适当的介词填空

1．Dad, could you take me ________ the concert?

2．You needn't worry ________ me. I'm not a child.

3．My life has changed a lot ________ the last few years.

4．It's really relaxing to chat ________ my grandfather.

5．I'm too busy these days. I hardly have any time ________ a rest.

6．Li Wen was often absent ________ classes.

7．His parents decided to send him ________ a boarding school.

8．My teacher pays much attention ________ this special boy.

9．My parents had a conversation ________ my teacher in charge yesterday afternoon.

10．He was no longer interested ________ studying.

二、用所给词的适当形式填空

1．He's very ________(interest) in playing the violin.

2．The people whom we ________(interview) yesterday have two different opinions.

3．I didn't use to speak in front of ________(crowd)．

4．All my classmates have ________(change) a lot when we meet twenty years later.

5．He is the most hard-working student in our class and always gets good ________(score)．6．It's ________(help) to listen to English programs on the radio.

7．A woman with a baby in her arms is trying to open the door, but ________(fail)．

8．Hanging out with my parents is usually ________(possible) for me because I have so much homework to do every day.

9．She didn't use ________(worry) about how to appear to others, but she does now.

10．There were so many rules, and he used to keep ________(break) them.

11．My sister used to be afraid of ________(speak) in front of the public.

12．Playing computer games every day has ________(influence) his development.

13．She took up singing and dancing to deal with her ________(shy)．

14．Can they make their own ________(decide) to choose their subjects?

15．People gave away things they no ________(long) want to the poor.

16．The teachers' love makes us feel good about ________(our)．

17．Many ________(lead) in other countries have come to China for their visits.

18．His teacher ________(advice) his parents to talk with their son.

19．As we know, Singapore is an ________(Asia) country.

20．Children actors are ________(require) to attend classes twenty hours each week.

三、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空

absent introduce silence Europe exact

1．We listen to the teacher ________ in class.

2．Would you please give me an ________ of the medicine? I know nothing about it.

3．She is the only ________ in the class. She is from France.

4．We don't know what ________ happened to the plane.

5．If you are always ________ from class, you will fail the examinations.

四、句型转换

1．His mother used to have curly hair. (改为否定句)

His mother ________ ________ to have curly hair.

2．He used to be outgoing. (改为一般疑问句)

________ ________ ________ to be outgoing?

3．—They didn't use to play basketball, did they? (作肯定回答)

—________，they ________. And they liked volleyball, too.

4．My sister used to be_tall. (对画线部分提问)

________ ________ your sister ________ to look like?

5．Jenny used to be short. (用tall改为选择疑问句)

________ Jenny ________ to be short or tall?

五、根据中文意思完成句子

1．他努力学习并在考试中取得好的分数。

He studied hard and ________ ________ ________ ________ his exams.

2．然而，太多的注意也能变成一件坏事。

However, ________ ________ ________ can ________ be a bad thing.

3．对孩子们来说，父母在那里是很重要的。

It's very important for the parents________ ________ ________ for their children.

4．我不得不非常小心我所说的和做的。

I have to be very ________ ________ ________I say or do.

5．我们必须准备放弃我们的正常生活。

We have to ________ ________ ________ give up our normal life.

6．使每个人感到惊讶的是他记得我们所有人的名字。

________ ________ ________，he remembered all the names of us.

7．你很难想象通向成功的道路有多么艰难。

You can't ________ how difficult the________ ________ ________ is.

8．他带来的东西正是我所需要的。

What he brings is ________ ________ ________ ________．

9．你们应该参加小组讨论而不是保持沉默。

You should join the group discussion ________ ________ ________ ________．

10．很多次我考虑放弃，但是我继续战斗。

Many times I thought about ________ ________，but I ________ ________．

六、根据中文提示完成短文

I used to be very 1________(亲近) to my father when I was a child. He gave me almost everything I wanted. Whenever I fought with my mother, I would turn to my father for comfort. He was everything to me.

Time flies like a bird. As I got older, I became 2________(沉默) and found it hard to start a conversation with my father. The gap between us began to grow. He had done so much for me but I never paid3________(注意)．

Last time our school gave us two days off, and Daddy gave me a ride home on his motorbike.

I was tired and fell asleep on his back. Later my father said he was very happy because it had been a long time 4________(自从) we got close last. Suddenly I felt a little shamed. I 5________(认识到) that I had ignored(忽略) him a lot during the last few years.

The next day I stayed in bed and when Daddy tried to wake me up to have breakfast, I

pretended that I couldn't hear him. At last he brought a bowl of noodles to my bed, and said, “Come on, dear, have your breakfast and then continue your dream.”I got so angry with him for interrupting my sleep that I shouted, “Leave me 6________(单独)．”

As I said this, I sat up quickly, and the bowl of noodles broke on the floor.

7________(听到) the noise, Mom came in and shouted at me, “Who do you think your father is? Who else treats you as well as he does？”

I was shocked and didn't know what8________(说). Finally I rushed with tears all over my face. I went to the pool where I 9________(过去常常) to go fishing with Daddy. A few minutes later, I heard the sound of Daddy's motorbike. He was looking for me, but he didn't notice me as I was sitting behind a tall tree.

I didn't 10________(回) home until 10 a．m.. The moment my parents saw me, they rushed to me. Mom hugged me tightly and Daddy looked at me with worry in his eyes. “Are you hungry, dear？” he said at last. Before I could say anything, he had gone off on his motorbike to buy food for me.

七、语法填空

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。每空不多于3个单词。

Now there is a family problem. Nearly every parent 1________(say) that we never grow up. In fact we are probably 16 or 17 years old. In their eyes, we are always little2________ and often do wrong things. For example, when I need to stay at home alone, they always worry about me and my life 3________(with) them.

Most parents always think that they have offered the best things they can 4________(make) their children live in a comfortable world. They buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, everything 5________ they can for their dear children. In return, they only want their children to get good results in the exams.

But why still can't their children understand them? Does it mean that we still want more material things? No. As a matter of fact, what we want is a true family. What does a true family mean? I think it means a place where we can hide 6________(our) from the cold world outside. From here, we can get 7________(warm), we can get consolation(安慰), and we can get happiness. And one important thing is that we should be 8________(strong) and more confident in the outside world because we know that we have a true family.

So I think that parents should sit down to talk with their children to let them know that they have a true family, so the children and their parents could understand each other 9________(much) and more. Then, parents will not treat their children 10________ little ones.

Unit 4参考答案

一、1. to 2. about 3. in 4. with 5. for 6. from

7. to8. to9. with10. in

二、1. interested 2. interviewed 3. crowds 4. changed 5. scores 6. helpful7. fails

8. impossible9. to worry10. breaking11. speaking12. influenced13. shyness

14. decisions15. longer16. ourselves17. leaders

18. advised19. Asian20. required

三、1. silently 2. introduction 3. European

4. exactly

5. absent

四、1. didn't use 2. Did he use 3. Y es, did

4. What did, use

5. Did, use

五、1. got good scores on 2. too much attention, also 3. to be there 4. careful about what 5. be prepared to 6. To everyone's surprise7. imagine, road to success8. exactly what I need9. instead of keeping silent10. giving up, fought on

六、1. close 2. silent 3. attention 4. since

5. realized

6. alone

7. Hearing

8. to say

9. used10. return

七、1. says 2. ones 3. without 4. to make 5. that 6. ourselves7. warmth

8. stronger9. more10. as

英语词法和句法

英语词法和句法根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的功用将词分为若干类，叫做词类。一个句子由各个功用不同的部分所构成，这些部分叫做句子成分。学一个词，要学它的发音、拼法、意义，也要记它的词类；更重要的是要了解它和其他词的关系，及其在句中作什么句子成分。如China is in East Asia(中国位于东亚)一句中的China这个单词所属的词类是名词，在句子中作主语。 ●词类：英语的词通常分为十大类： 1.名词(noun，缩写为n.)表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念的词。如Girl(女孩)、book(书)、Tokyo(东京)、war(战争)、Goodness(善良) 2.代词(pronoun，缩写为pron.)用来代替名词并起名次作用的词如we(我们)，his(他的)，all(全部)。 3.形容词(adjective，缩写为adj.)用来修饰名词和代词，起描述名词和代词的性质。如great(伟大的)，honest(诚实的)，difficult(困难的)。 4.副词(adverb，缩写为。adv.)是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词，有时修饰全句。如 quickly(快)，often(经常)，very(很)。 5.动词(verb，缩写为v)表示动作和状态，如write(写)，walk(行走)，think(想)。 6.数词(numeral，缩写为num.)是表示“多少”和“顺序先后”的词，如four(四)， eighteen(十八)，first(第一)，eighth(十八)，hundred(一百)。 7.冠词(article，缩写为art.)本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义，表示的名词数量或者特征。如a，an(一个)，the(这，那)。 8.介词(preposition，缩写为prep.)是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。如from(从)，in(在…内)，between(在…之间)。9.连词(conjunction，缩写为conj.)是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词，如and(和)， because(因为)，if(假如)。 10.感叹词(interjection，缩写为int.)表示喜怒哀乐等感情的词。如，oh(噢)，aha(啊哈)，hush(嘘)。注意点一：属于前六类(名、代、形、数、动、副等词)的词都有实义，叫做实词(notional word)。属于后四类（冠、介、连、感等词）的词没有实义，叫做虚词(form word)。注意点二：不少词可以属于几个词类，如work(工作；动词和名词)，fast(快；形容词和副词)，since(自从；连词和介词)等。 ●句法 1.句子：是由词和词组构成的、能够表达完整的意思的语言单位。 2.句子成分：指构成句子的各组成部分，即词和短语在句子中的各种语法意义。英语的句子由主语部分与谓语部分组成。具体地讲，主要有下列六种句子成分：

小学英语语法句法

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