(完整)高中英语主要要掌握三大从句
高中英语主要要掌握三大从句。
分别是：
1、定语从句（形容词从句）
2、名词词从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）
3、状语从句（副词性从句，包括时间，地点，结果，目的，原因等）
一、定语从句：
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
1、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主词保持一致。
（1）, who, whom, that
这些词代替指人，“whom”作宾语指人，“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。
（2），Which 用来指人或物
(用作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略）
（3），whose
“whose”表示谁（可以为人也可以为物）的（东西）
2、关系代词引导的定语从句
（1），关系副词why主要用于修饰表示原因的名词（主要是the reason），同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。
（2），关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。
（3），关系副词where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。
3、非限制性定语从句
它起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。
二、名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
1、连词（5个）：that （宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略）
whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”）
以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
2、连接代词（9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever
3、连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
三、状语从句
状语从句（Adverbial Clause）状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
状语从句细分的话，共包括九种：
1.时间状语从句
2.地点状语从句
3.原因状语从句
4.条件状语从句
5.目的状语从句
6.让步状语从句
7.比较状语从句
8.方式状语从句
91. Mary lives in the room, the door _____ opens east.
A. of it
B. of which
C. of that
D. whose
2. The engineer _____ my father is talking has just come from abroad.
A. with whom
B. with who
C. with which
D. that
3. He lives in a hotel, _____ is only five minutes’ walk from here.
A. that
B. which
C. in which
D. where
4. Is there anything _____ I can do for you?
. A. which B. who C. as D. that
5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _____are known to us.
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. who
6. This is the reason _____ they are all against the plan.
A. which
B. that
C. why
D. what
7. It was not until late in the evening _____ the traveler found a hotel.
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. where
8. I didn’t like the way _____ she spoke to me.
A. which
B. that
C. how
D. as
9. This is _____ I can do for you right now.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. as
10. It was at our college library _____ I borrowed the novel.
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. where
11. I have seen trees, _____ open at sunrise and close at sunset.
A. which the leaves
B. of which leaves
C. whose leaves
D. its leaves
12. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil.
A. the thing
B. that
C. what
D. which
13. The foreign guests, _____ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of whom
B. most of them
C. most of which
D. most of those
14. On the train I saw a student _____ I thought was your sister.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. that
15. Is the river _____ through the town very long?
A. flows
B. that flows
C. which flow
D. the one flows
16. Is this college _____ they went to last year?
A. that
B. which
C. the one
D. the one what
17. Is this the university _____ you visited last time?
A. that one
B. which
C. the one
D. the one what
18. I’d like to tell you _____ I saw in the exhibition.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. /
19. I hope that the little _____ I have been able to do has been of some use.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. for which
20. Who _______ has common sense will do such a thing?
A. which
B. that C .whose D. whom
21 The bike and its rider _____ had knocked down the boy were taken to the police.
A. who B .that C. which D. whom
22. Put the letter ______ he can find it easily.
A. in which
B. at which
C. where
D. which
23. This is the very letter _____ I am looking for .
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. what
24. Tom didn’t attend the meeting, ________ we expected.
A. where
B. that
C. as
D. what
25. I will give you such information _______ will help you.
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. what
26. This is the best hotel in the city ____ I know.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
27. The lady ____ is a woman scientist.
A. whom you spoke
B. with which you spoke
C. whom you said to
D.
you spoke to
28. This is the third week _____ the dustmen haven’t come for the rubbish.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. on which
29. He is the only one of the students _________ the truth.
A. who know
B. who knows
C. that know
D. who are knowing
30. Did they find they went back________ ?
A. where had they been
B. where were they
C. where they had been
D. where they were
31. To get the job started, ______ I need is your permission.
A. only what
B. all what
C. all that
D. only that
32. My father bought me several books, but _____ was interesting.
A. most of them
B. none of them
C. none of which
D. neither of which
33. “Thirty-nine Steps” is one of the most exciting films ____ directed by Alfred Hotchcock.
A. which was
B. that was
C. that were
D. which were
34. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from the plants _____ wild.
A. once they grew
B. they grew once
C. that once grew
D. once grew
35. Those _____ were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. whose
36. The children themselves were calm enough; _____ the parents that got into a
panic. A. in spite of B. those were C. it was D. however
37. It is many years _____ we met last in London.
A. since
B. when
C. that
D. which
38. She’ll be on the same train _____ I am on today.
A. as
B. like
C. with
D. that
39. When people talk about the cities of US, the first _____ comes into mind is New York.
A. city
B. of them
C. one
D. that
40. Is there anyone in your class _____ family is in the city?
A. which
B. whose
C. what
D. who
41. He hasn’t got e nough money with _____ he can buy the computer.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. whom
42. Winter is the time of year _____ the days are short and nights are long.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. whose
43. Football, _____ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. who
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高中英语定语从句汇总讲解
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发表日期：2009年1月9日作者：Zola Stone 【编辑录入：admin】
◆英语谚语欣赏
1. He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for –nothing.
不懂装懂，一事无成.
2. It’s the first step that costs.千里之行，始于足下
3. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼.
Ⅰ. 概念：
(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：
1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；
2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）
常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语，宾语)
常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、where
The student who answered the question was John.
I know the reason why he was so angry.
The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
定语从句三步：
第一找出先行词；
第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；
第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法：
●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：
1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)
2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?
3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语）
4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?
5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.
6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语）
7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.
= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.
= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。
= Our hometown is not what it used to be.
●which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：
1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）
2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）
3. The factory in which his father works is far from here.
4. He was proud, which his brother never was. （表语）
5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语）
6. He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.
●who, whom, whose:
who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人
whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语; 只可指人
whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。
I like the students who/that work hard. （主语）
All who heard the story were amazed. (代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.) Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor. （宾语）
He's a man from whom we should learn.
= He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from.
比较：He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.
He is the student who you think is worth praising.
A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人）
I'd like a room whose window faces south. （指物）
=I'd like a room of which the window faces south.
=I'd like a room the window of which faces south.
There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come
关系代词作介词宾语:
关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.）
This is the book for which you asked.
=This is the book (that/which) you asked for.
Do you know the person with whom I shook hands？= Do you know the person (whom/who/that) I shook hands with?
The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age.
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.
Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week?
Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week?
This is the girl whom they are looking after. (介词after与look构成固定词组，不可前置。look at, look for, look after, take care of等)
●as 的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)
①如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as；such …as …; as many/much as；so …as等结构中。如：
※I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一样的书。
Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.)
※.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now?
--- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.
We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.
Don't do such things as you are not sure about.
There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.
比较：I live in the same house that he used to live in.
I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.
比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. （定语从句）
Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）
②如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如，这一点"。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）
※As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作宾语)
=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health . （as 作主语）
=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health .
=Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .（as 作宾语）
=Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health.
※He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. (宾语, 先行词是前面整个句子)
Ⅲ. 关系副词引导的定语从句:
●When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time, day, week, tear, month, etc.）
He came last night when I was out.
We will put off the picnic until next week, when the weather would be better.
注意：先行词为"时间名词"，可用when引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作状语；还可以用which或that 引导，which或that在从句中作主语或宾语。
比较: I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语）
Next month, when you will be in your hometown, is just around the corner.
I still remember the days which/that we spent together. （作宾语）
Next winter which/that you'll spend in Harbin, I'm sure, will be exciting.
I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou Ⅴwas launched, which has a great effect on my life.
There are occasions when joking is not permissible.
●Where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词，如：place, school, factory, room, etc.
This is the place where I was born.
I live in the room where /in which he used to live.
注意：先行词是"地点名词"，定语从句可用where引导，还可用which或that引导，which/that 在从句中作主语或宾语。
比较: ※This is the factory where /in which he worked last year. （作状语）
The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.
I think you have got to the point where a change is needed, or you would fail.
Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations where English is used.
He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he's likely to lose control of the plane.
The small mountain village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what /the place which is now part of Hubei.
※This is the park which/that they visited last year. （作宾语）
Not having been there before, he simply had no idea about the place, which everyone says is worth visiting.
●Why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason 时，可用for which指代；当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，则用which或that 引导。如：
The reason why / for which / (that) he didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.
I don't believe the reason (that/which) he gave me. （作宾语）
Have you asked him the reason that may explain his success? （作主语）
Ex.) He was late .That's because he got up late.
.He got up late. That's why he was late.(表语从句)
(the reason) why/for which he was late. (定语从句)
当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that, in which,或how引导，that常可以省略。
way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语
时，则用which或that 引导。如:
This is the way (that) /in which I do such things.
比较: Please do the experiment in the way （that/which）I have shown you.
Ⅳ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
1. 形式上，非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。
2. 语法上，非限制性定语从句一般不用that.
3. 语义上，限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，起限定作用，如果去掉了这个定语从句，整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密，对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。
This is the book I like best. 这就是我最喜欢的那本书。
Beijing, which has been China's capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是中国八百年之久的古都，它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。
4. 翻译时，限制性定语从句可译为一句（较短的一般译为"的"字结构）；而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。（见上句翻译）
比较: He has a sister, who is a musician.
He has a sister who is a musician.
引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，指人时用who, whom, whose , 指物时用which , whose; 关系副词when，where, why, etc.
1. He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life.
2. Tom's father, who arrived just now, is a famous scientist.
3. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.
4. He was proud, which his brother never was.
Ⅴ. 几个易混淆的关系代词的比较:
●that & which:
在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较*This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复。
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.
1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
(B) who & that:
who 和that 指代人时，有些情况宜用who, 而不宜用that
①先行词为anyone, anybody, those, all, one, ones, they, he, people时. 如：
1.The person I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works well.
2.Anyone who (=Whoever) failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason .
3.Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once
4.I don't like the ones (= those ) who talk big.
5.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.
②在There be 结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who 指代人. 如：
1.There is a gentleman who wants to see you .
2.There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use of attributive clauses.
③当先行词有较长的后置定语时. 如：
1. I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese very well.
④一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that ,另一个则宜用who, 以免重复. 如：
1. The student that was praised at yesterday's meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard .
●as & which:
as & which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
①位置的不同：
which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的句子后；as 位置较灵活，也就是说as可置于所限
制的句子前面；插在句子中或放在句子后。如：
1. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.
2. Jack, as you know, is an honest man. 或Jack is an honest man , as you know.
或As you know, Jack is an honest man.
②先行词的不同：
as引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词多为一个句子；
which引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词可以是一个词，一个短语或一个句子。
※He was proud, which his brother never was. （先行词是一个词）
She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.
He was proud, which I dislike very much.（先行词是一个句子）
※He is an honest man, as is known to all.
He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.
③as 一般译为"正如""就像"，"这一点"
as we all know；as you know; as is known to all; as you see; as we can see; as has been expected; as we have imagined.
训练题汇总
◆EX1. 用定语从句完成下列句子。
1．This is the most beautiful forest _ __(我所见过的).
2．Dou Po Tang(陡坡塘) Waterfall, ___(位于贵州省的), is 105 meters wide and 21 meters high.
◆EX2用适当的关系词填空. Have a try! ! !
1. I will never forget the day __________ I first went to school.
I will never forget the day __________ we spent in Beijing.
2. The house __________ we visited is being repaired now.
The house ______ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.
◆Ex3选择适当的代词填空，注意非限制性定语从句和单句的比较。
1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book.
2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry.
3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.
4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers.
5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.
◆EX4 思考:用五种方式（定语从句）翻译句子
这是他工作的工厂。
1. This is the factory he works.
2. This is the factory he works.
3. This is the factory he works in.
4. This is the factory he works in.
5. This is the factory he works in.
◆EX5 思考: 介词+关系代词的情况
介词+关系代词的情况（1）
The man whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city she lives in is far away.
介词+关系代词的情况（2）Are these two sentences right?
The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist.
The city that/which she lives in is far away.
介词+关系代词的情况（3）Are these two sentences right?
The man to who/whom you spoke was a scientist.
The city in that/which she lives is far away.
结论：
介词+关系代词的情况( 4) 下面两句中的介词能提前吗?
Is this the watch that you are looking for?
The old man whom I am looking after is better .
结论：
Sum up:介词+关系代词
介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择.
方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或whom; 不可用that 或who 代替。
◆Ex6: 介词+关系代词的使用
1. Do you like the book she spent $10?
2. Do you like the book she paid $10?
3. Do you like the book she learned a lot?
4. Do you like the book she often talks?
5. He dug a hole he could got water from the lake.
6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.
7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________is the Yellow River.
8. The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at swimming.
9. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most __________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
◆EX 7 Practice A letter to Tom
我收到了你上周的来信.谢谢你寄的照片.我常常想起我们一起度过的时光.你还记得那个湖吗?我们在那还照过一张相呢.和我们一起玩的那些朋友还好吗?我昨晚做了梦，在梦里我们在上次去的那家电影院呢．另外,我买到了你要的那本英语书.周末有时间我将把书寄给你．Dear Tom,
I have received the letter you posted last week. Thanks for the photos you sent. I often think of the time we spent together. Do you still remember the lake where we had a picture taken? How are the children who played with us? I had a dream in which / where we were staying in the cinema which/that we went to last time. Besides, I have bought the book (that/which) you need . On the weekend when I am free, I will post it to you.
Best wishes,
高中英语语法大全
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
让步状语从句though--although
让步状语从句 though, although 注意：当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是though 和yet可连用Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。 He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。 Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语） 典型例题 1）___she is young, she knows quite a lot. A. When B. However C. Although D. Unless 答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。 2)as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。 Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. = Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意：a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。 b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. = Though he tries hard, he never seems… 虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。 3)ever if, even though.即使 We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 4) whether…or-不管……都 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 5)no matter +疑问词或疑问词+后缀ever No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
高考冲刺 高中英语“从句篇”语法专题汇总
高考冲刺高中英语“从句篇”语法专 题汇总 距离高考的日子掰着手指头也能数清了。将高中英语所有语法专题总结在一起，供大家系统学习。 从句篇 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总 原因从句 除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。 A 原因从句 1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句： We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on． 我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。 As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there． [ 因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand． 既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。 As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking． 既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替： ~ As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him 既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他 注意：if so的用法： —I hope Bill won’t come． —If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him —我希望比尔别来。 —如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他 关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。 ~ B 结果从句由because或as引导： The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit． 保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。 He was angry because we were late． 他生气是因为我们来晚了。 As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day． 因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。 ~ As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards． 因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
精选高中英语三大从句总结+练习
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习 一定语从句 1.定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如： The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素 （1）先行词： （2）关系词： （3）从句： 3.定语从句的关系词 that which （1）关系代词who whom whose as when （2）关系副词where why 4.关系词的句法功能： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作______________，关系副词在定语从句中作_______________，关系代词作宾语时可以省略； （2）关系副词在定语从句中作______________。 5.定语从句解题方法 找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。若从句缺主语或宾语选用_____________________，若从句却状语，选用_____________________。 二、名词性从句 1.名词性从句分类 （1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句 2.名词性从句的语序 名词性从句使用________________语序 3.名词性从句的引导词 连接词：that, whether, if
名从引导词连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 4.名词性从句引导词的句法功能 （1）连接词： （2）连接代词： （3）连接副词 5.名词性从句解题方法 三、状语从句 1.状语从句的引导词： 时间状语从句： 地点状语从句： 原因状语从句： 让步状语从句： 条件状语从句： 结果状语从句： 目的状语从句： 比较状语从句： 方式状语从句： 2.状语从句解题方法 The evening, _________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.（2010福建）We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have _____we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 3.（2008湖南）__________ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As 4.（2008重庆）They will fly to Washington, _________ they plan to stay for tow or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when
英语所有从句大全
高中英语从句大全 1）表语从句 1.定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类： （1）从属连词that.如： The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 （2）从属连词whether，as，as if.如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago，but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be，seem，look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词where，when，how，why. 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1.连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。 2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。2）主语从句 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 （2）从属连词whether.如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词where，when，how，why.如： What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我
英语让步状语从句用法总结
英语让步状语从句用法总结（一） 让步状语从句的用法一（表示“虽然，即使，尽管”） 1. although，though，even though，even if都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意，though 和although 语气较弱(其中的though 比although 通俗, 不如although 正式)，even if和even though 带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如：Although they are poor, they are happy. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。天气虽然很冷, 但他没有穿大衣就出去了。即使他们可能不会成功，但他们仍努力尝试。那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。他好一点了，虽仍未痊愈。即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。今晚我将去拜访他，即使我只能停留一小会儿。 注意：though 引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装，具体用法参见as引导让步状语从句的用法。 2. as引导让步状语从句表示“虽然、即使、尽管”，其引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，as引导的倒装形式的让步状语从句的基本结构为：形容词/副词/名词(单数可数名词前一般不带冠词，有时也可见单数可数名词前形容词与不定冠词连用、形容词放在不定冠词前)/动词/过去分词＋as＋主语＋谓语的其他部分。注意体会下列典型例句：Great as the author was, he proved a bad model. 这位作者尽管了不起，到头来却成了一个坏榜样。这个故事看似荒唐，却是真的。虽然他很富有，但他并不幸福。倒装时要省去单个名词前的冠词)尽管还是个孩子，他却能分辨黑白。他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。尽管伤势很重，他仍然十分乐观。虽然尽了最大努力，但是他仍然不能搬动那块石头。 ［考题1］We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table. A. since B. although C. until D. before ［答案］B ［解析］下划线处之后所述的“我们已经预订了一桌”与前面所述的“我们已经不得不等了半个小时”之间语意相反，四个选项中although表示“即便……”，引导让步状语从句最为合适。 ［考题2］____ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although ［答案］D ［解析］句意为：虽然地球表面覆盖着水，但是纯净水仍然很稀有、珍贵。下划线处应引导让步状语从句，填入although最为合适。 ［考题3］____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although ［答案］D ［解析］下划线处应引导让步状语从句，填入although最为合适。 ［考题4］Although he is considered a great writer, ____. A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read ［答案］A ［解析］英语不允许在连词although、though引导的让步状语从句之后的主句句首重复使用连词，如果要在复合句中强调某种特别的意义，可以在主句的句首加上yet、still等副词。例如：Although she has a lot of money, (yet/still) she is not happy. 虽然她很有钱，但是她并不快乐。
高中英语从句大全汇总!
01 有关概念 由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句构成的句子叫做复合句。所谓主句，就是在复合句中起统领作用 的句子，它是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；而从句则是复合句的一个句子成分，不能独立存在。 如： You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。 The police learned that he wasn’t there at that time. 警察获知他那时不在场。 这两句都是复合句，第一句的主句是You’ll feel better，从句是after you take the pills，由after 引导，在整个复合句中用作状语，表示时间；第二句的主句是The police learned是主句，that he wasn’t there at that time是从句，由that引导，在整个复合句中用作宾语。 注意，英语的复合句不是简单句的反面，不要将它误解为“复杂句”。事实上，英语的简单句有时 也可以比较“复杂”，而复合句也可以比较“简单”。如： He stopped because he was tired. 他停下来是因为他累了。 这个句子比较“简单”，却是一个典型的复合句，其中的he stopped是主句，because he was tired 是从句，在复合句中用作状语，表示原因。 02 从句的分类 前面我们说到从句是整个复合句的一个句子成分，它可以用作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。一般说 来，一个从句在复合句充当什么成分我们就叫它为什么从句——从句在复合句用作主语，我们就叫 它为主语从句；从句在复合句用作宾语，我们就叫它为宾语从句；从句在复合句用作状语，我们就 叫它为状语从句；等等。 如： He answered that he knew nothing about it. 他回答说他不知情。 The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了。 He was rather pleased when he won that prize. 他获奖后相当高兴。 She was not in the train that arrived just now. 她不在刚到的那列车上。
As引导让步状语从句倒装的用法
As引导让步状语从句倒装的用法 为了帮助同学们全面掌握让步状语从句的倒装用法，本文将这类语法现象归纳为以下五种句型： 一、名词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 King as he was，he was unhappy. 他虽是国王，但他并不幸福。 Child as he is，he knows to help other. 他虽是个孩子，却知道帮助别人。 【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外，要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较： Boy as ［though］he is，he likes to play with girls.=Though he is a boy，he likes to play with girls. 他虽是男孩，却喜欢与女孩子玩。 Strong man as ［though］he is，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Though he is a strong man，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. 波赛将军虽然坚强，但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。 二、形容词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Successful as he is，he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。 Improbable as it seems，it’s true. 虽然看起来不太可能，但却是真的。 Stupid as it sounds，I was so in love with her that I believed her. 尽管听起来很愚蠢，我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。 Patient as he was，he didn’t like waiting that long. 他虽说有耐心，也不愿等这么长。 Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮，我们认为价钱太高。 【说明】其中的动词也通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语。 三、副词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Much as I like Paris，I couldn’t live there. 尽管我喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。 Hard though they tried，they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。 Fast as you read，you can’t finish the book in two days. 尽管你读得很快，你总不能在两天之内就读完这本书。 He was unable to make much progress，hard as he tried. 尽管他做了努力，却未能取得很大进步。 【说明】有的词典将much as 作为习语看待，认为它是一个用以引导让步状语从句的复合连词。再如： Much as I admire him as a writer，I do not like him as a man. 他作为一名作家我很佩服他，但我却不喜欢他这个人。 Much as I like you，I couldn’t live with you. 我尽管很喜欢你，却不能和你在一起生活。 四、动词原形+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Object as you may，I’ll go.纵使你反对，我也要去。
高中英语三大从句[001]
一、定语从句 阅读中，可略去定语从句不看，找出主谓宾即可。 限定性定语从关系词（非介宾）可省略：关系词代替先行词在从句中作宾语。 非限定性定语从句有“，”，关系词指代主句/先行词 moment 、minute/time (that)【不用when 】 ???：宾语 ：主语、宾语hom w who ??? ed - them of ed -is which of 非谓语动词 —定语从句—ΛΛ ????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????=+??????????????????不引导名词性从句 ）冠词（”时间状语从句“当（零冠词）不置于句首）：让步状语从句（倒装， “如上所分析”“正如”）可置于句首定语从句（连接代词，，另一个用两个定语从句，一个用作先行词 关系副词（与动词、名词搭配）非限定性定语从句句型疑问句先行词有人有物修饰、、、、先行词被）、、、、（不定代词先行词为修饰最高级、序数词先行词是或被词代系关as such as/ same the /as n. adj. as is sb. as .n /.adj above analysed is as case often the is as ,as which that that which/whom prep.which be here/there who/which no 、little all /last the same the very the only the one ~thing ~/few little much all that (adv.)ΛΛ ???=n. the m which/who of m which/who of n. the n. whose 物人 ???????? ????/in which that way he t /that for which why reason the
高考英语专项练习之让步状语从句(含答案解析、全国通用)
高考英语专项练习之让步状语从句（含答案解析、全国通用） I、单选题(本大题共56小题，共56.0分) 1. ______he is，he will be thinking of you．（） A. What B. Where C. Whether D. Wherever 2. Busy________ she is，Rita________ two hours every Sunday afternoon to spend with her son．（） A. though； sets out B. as； sets aside C. as； sets down D. though； sets off 3. ________you prefer，I'll give it to you．But we haven't any other models for you to choose from．（） A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However 4. ________I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person．（） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 5. ________a small number of Australians are bitten by spiders each year，most recover without any medical treatment．（） A. While B. Unless C. When D. Because 6. I had to tell you that you do well in every subject，you won't be elected the monitor．（） A. unless B. if C. because D. when 7. Ten years later I still keep in touch with my classmates ________ I've never met them．（） A. now that B. so that C. even though D. in case 8. The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______the season．（） A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however 9. thirsty I am，I never seem to be able to finish the large bottle of Cola placed before me．（） A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However 10. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt ______ the season．（） A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however 11. Though ______ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome．（） A. surprise B. was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised 12. All people，________ they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster．（） A. even if B. whether C. no matter D. however 13. Never lose heart，________ difficulty you may meet with in your life．（） A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 14. _____she want to go somewhere； she has to wait her father to drive her．（） A. If B. Until C. Although D. Because 15. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants．（） A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 16. Although he is considered a great writer，______．（） A. but his works are not widely read B. his works are not widely read C. however，his works are not widely read D. while his works are not widely read 17. No matter how ，it is not necessarily lifeless．（） A. a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may be C. may a desert be dry D. dry may a des ert be 18. Your parents are always there by you，_____you need them． A. whenever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 19. Work_____they might，they didn't get the result they expected．（） A. although B. since C. as D. as though 20. ______busy you are，you should do some reading every day．（） A. Whatever B. However C. Whichever D. Whenever 21. You can smoke here ________ you leave a window open to let the smoke out. A. even though B. so that C. as long as D. in case 22. The old tower must be saved, ________ the cost. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever 23. I promise to make you all proud again in ________ direction life may take me. A. however B. wherever C. whatever D. whenever 24. Unsatisfied ________ with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience．（） A. though was he B. though he was C. he was though D. was he though 25. _______ I really don't like art，I find his work impressive．（） A. As B. Since C. If D. While 26. ___________，mother will wait for him to have dinner together．（） A. However is he late B. However he is late C. However late is he D. However late he i s 27. ____，he doesn't study well．（）
高中英语从句总结
高中英语从句总结 1）主语从句 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 （2）从属连词whether.如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why.如： What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。 解释： 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： +be+形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 +be+名词词组（no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.）+that从句。如： It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。 It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 +be+过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.）+that从句。如： It is said that has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 +seem，happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at 似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。 +doesn’t matter（makes no difference，etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这无关紧要。 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。