【实用】高中英语常用动词短语(修改稿) (1)

―高中英语常用短语及句型归纳

1．高考高频动词短语 （1）act 短语：

act as 担任……职务，起……作用 act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）

act out 表演（对话、故事等）

act up 捣乱，出毛病

例如：

I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen.

Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。)

The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus. He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot. （2）break 短语： break away 摆脱，脱离

break away from … 脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break into … 闯入……，破门而入

break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭

break the rule 违反规定

break through 突围，冲跨 break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开

例如:

The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught. If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later . The car broke down just on my way here. If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.

If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off. She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup. I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem. In spring the icebergs begin to break up. （3）bring 短语：

bring about 引起，导致，使发生

bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿回来，使恢复

bring sb back 送回某人

bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒

（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒） bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价

[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降 /上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进

bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出

bring to 使苏醒

bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用

bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施…… （比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施） bring up 抚养，培养，哺育

例如：

A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the

destruction of the rainforests.

You’re welcome to bring along a friend. The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通货膨胀).

American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year. This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s. Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses.

Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles. He was brought up by his grandparents. （4）call 短语：

call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地） [比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）] call back 回电话

call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人 call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话 call off 取消

call on / upon 号召 call out 大声呼喊，叫喊 call sb…for short 简称某人…… call sb names 谩骂某人

call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召

例如：

We called at Mike ’s house yesterday.

All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English. I ’ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station. Let ’s call in a doctor for the little girl.

Many of these songs called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle.

I shall call on him tomorrow.

I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs. Call me up tomorrow; my number is 536291.

Your letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen

years ago.

Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has been called off.

（5）come短语：

come about 发生，产生

come across 偶然相遇

come along 来，随同，进展，加油

come at …向……袭击

come back 回来，想起来，复活

come down 下来，下落，传下

come down to…到达，从一处来到另一处

come for…来拿，来取

come from…来自，出生于

come in 进来，进入

come into being 形成，产生

come into use 使用起来`

come off 脱落，从……离开

come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快

come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现

come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开

come over to…过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方

come round / around （非正式）来访，串门

come to …来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒

come to an end 结束，终止

come to know 逐渐地知道

come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来

come to light 显露，为人所知

come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉

come to / into power 当权，上台

come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟

come to terms with…甘心忍受

come true 变为现实，成为事实

come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来

come up to sb 朝某人走来

come up with …提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上

例如：

A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.

I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.

Your English is coming along really well.

Come along / on! Don’t give up yet!

Come along / on! We’re all waiting for you!

Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.

Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.

It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.

Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window. The airplane came down in that field.

Where does the film star come from, do you know?

Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand (= with a book in his hand). The law first came into being in 1912.

By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already

seventy.

How long is it since the electronic computer came into use?

The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.

There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.

The trees turn green and flowers come out.

This magazine comes out once a month.

Why don’t you c ome around / round for lunch?

Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.

If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.

I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later.

The bill came to ￡480 in total.

His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.

A child came up to me and showed me the way.

The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.

They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.

Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for.

（6）cut短语：

cut away 切除，剪去

cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减

cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入

cut in line 插队

cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半

cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）

cut out 删除，剪下来

cut the cost of …降低……的成本

cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉

例如：

He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.

A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.

The electricity was cut off because of the storm.

He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.

Could you cut the pizza up, please?

（7）do短语：

do about 处理，应付

do and don’t要与不要

do a good deed 做一件好事

do a lot of walking 走很多路

do a test 做实验，做化验

do a word puzzle 猜字谜

do an experiment / experiments 做实验

do away with 废除

do body-building 做健身操

do chores 处理琐事，干家务

do housework 做家务活

do make-up 化妆，打扮

do observations 观察

do one’s best 尽某人最大努力

do one’s homework 做作业

do research on…从事……研究工作

do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙

do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意

do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事

do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书

do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西

do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼

do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事

do telephone interviews 进行电话采访

do the laundry 洗衣服

do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好

do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头

do up the button 扣纽扣

do well / better in…在……方面干得好/更好

do with 处理，处臵，对付

do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）

例如：

To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.

I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.

What did you do with that camera you found?

The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.

Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.

I think I can do better in English this year than last year.

Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.”

I’m going to do my best this year.

I was only trying to do a good deed.

（8）get短语：

get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国

get a full mark / full marks 得满分

get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足

get at 意指，本意是

get around = get about 四处走动，活动

get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离

get away from 逃脱，逃离get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还

get close to 接近

get down 下来，降下

get down on one’s knees 跪下

get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）

get in 进入，收获，达到

get in a word 插话

get into…进入……

get sb into…使某人陷入

get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得

get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）

get on 上车，过活

get on / along with…进展，与……相处

get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来

get out 离开，出去

get out of 逃避，避免

get over 克服，恢复，原谅

get up 起床，起身

get across 理解，度过

get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）

get to 到达，抵达

get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着

get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领

get ready for 为……做准备

（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）

get rid of 除掉，去掉

get sb to do 让某人做

get the idea for…想到……的主意

get the message across 传播信息

get together 相聚，碰头，联欢

get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……

（比较：be used as sth 被用作……

be used for sth 被用于……，用来做……

be used to do sth 被用于做……

used to do sth 过去常常做）

get / be dressed 穿衣服

get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚

get / be lost 丢失了，迷路

get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚

get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难

get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣

（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）

例如：

I’m getting on well with my classmates now.

How are you getting along with your English?

He got the book away from her.

The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.

When did you get back from the countryside?

Have you got back the book you lent him?

“Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.”

The dust has got into my eyes.

This mistake may get him into difficulties.

Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.

If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.”

When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.

The conductor got off and checked the rails.

She got on her bicycle and cycled off.

You work too hard! You should get out a bit more.

If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.

We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.

It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海关).

I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.

She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.

It’s time we got down to work.

The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.

The peasants are busy getting in the crops.

We d idn’t get up until lunch time.

He got up and walked over to the window.

（9）give短语：

give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发

give back 归还，送回

give in 投降，让步，屈服

give off 释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等)

give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放

give over = hand over 转交，移交

give up 放弃，辞去

give a concert 开音乐会

give a description of…描述……

give / make a speech 演讲，讲话

give a talk 演讲，做报告

give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成

give close attention to 密切关注

give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗

give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳

give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助

give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信

give sb a second look 再看某人一眼

give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人

give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告

例如：

In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.

Remember not to give it away to anyone else; it’s a secret.

Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.

If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.

When they made ready to climb the next ridge (山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out.

Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.

Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.

All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.

Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.

Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.

Could you give us some advice on reading?

If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back. （10）go短语：

go abroad 出国

go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干

go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访

go against 违反，违背

go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面

go / walk around 四处走走

go away 走开，离去

go back 回去

go beyond 超越

go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去

go down 下来，落下，倒下

go down on one’s knees跪下

go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于

go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行

go for a job interview 去面试找工作

go for a walk / walks 散步

go for sb 对某人也一样

go in for 参加，喜欢

go into 详细调查

go into details 细说

go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响

go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去

go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）

go on 发生，进行，继续

go / be on diet 在节食

go on (a) holiday 去度假

go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）

go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）

go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）

[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）

go on with sth 继续某事]

go out 熄灭，出去，外出

go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅

go past 从……的旁边过去

go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登

go with…与……相配

go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付

go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰

go straight along 沿着……一直往前走

go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查

go through with 完成

go to bed （上床）睡觉

go to school / work 上学/上班

go to sea 当水手

go to sleep 入睡

go to town 进城

go to a movie 去看电影

go to the country(side) 下乡

go home / there 回家/去那儿

go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生 go bad 变坏

go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途

go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用

例如：

No one dared to go against the rules.

—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window?

—No, go ahead.

I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.

I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.

Things will get easier as time goes by.

He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.

If you really want the job, go for it!

Close all the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows.

I go in for all the competitions.

After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.

Suddenly the candle went out.

Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.

Let’s go over what we learned last period.

Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings?

Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.

It is possible to go without food for a few days.

Something’s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired. （11）have短语：

have a break 休息一下

have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来

have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧

have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈

[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话

have a talk with sb (about sth) （就某事）与某人进行交流

have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]

have a gift for…对……有天赋（比较：have a reputation for…有……名誉/名声）

have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快

have a good knowledge of …对……很熟悉，通晓……

have a good laugh over…对……笑了个够

have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快

have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of…有……的习惯

（比较：get into / form the habit of…养成……的习惯

get sb into the habit of…使某人养成……的习惯）have a hit 风靡一时

have a large population 人口众多

have / take a look 看一看

have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会

have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快

have (got ) a pain (in the…)（身体某部位）痛

have a part-time job 做兼职工作

have a (good) rest 休息

have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）

have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼

have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食

have a swim 游泳

have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛

have a test 进行测验

have a try 试一试

have / show an appetite for…有……的欲望或爱好

have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定

have an effect on / upon…对……有影响，对……产生作用

（比较：influence… = affect …对……有影响

have no effect / influence on …对……没有影响

have a good / bad effect on …对……有好/坏影响

have a great / little effect on …对……有很大的影响/影响不大

have a strong influence on…对……有很大影响）have / take an exam 参加考试have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光

have an income of …有……的收入

have access to …使用（接近……的）权利或机会

have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭

have lessons / classes 上课

have mercy on…宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯

have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性

have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事

have none of …根本不理睬……

have on 穿着

have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物

have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药

have some difficulty / trouble / problems with …在……有困难/麻烦事

[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]

have something / nothing in common (with…) （与……）有共同点／没有共同之处

（比较：have much / a lot in common with…与……有许多相同之处

have little in common with…与……几乎没有相同之处）

have something / nothing to do with …与……有关／无关

have to = have got to 不得不，必须

例如：

Class is over. Let’s have a break.

I’ve got a cough.

Dad and I had a good laugh over that.

They are having a good time.

He stopped to have a look.

We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.

Are we going to have a meeting this week?

Here is a tree. Let me have a rest.

Are you going to have a swim？

We’ll have a test tomorrow.

Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.

Does she have lunch at home？

Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.

He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.

We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.

Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.

I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.

Please come here and have my seat, Granny.

He hasn’t had any medicine.

At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.

（12）hold短语：

hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会

hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住

hold one’s breath屏息，不出气

hold on 等一等，不要挂电话

hold on to 抓住，保住

hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持

hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞

hold together 连在一起，团结一致

例如：

Anger flooded through her. She couldn’t hold it back.

—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.

The little boy held out his hands.

I think w ater supplies won’t hold out much longer.

Sorry, I’m late. I was held up at work.

（13）keep短语：

keep away from 避开，别靠近

keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下

keep down 控制

keep off 勿踏，勿踩

keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物

keep on 继续进行

keep out 不得入内

keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of …不进入……

keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落

keep up with… = catch up with…跟上，赶上

keep a date 赴约

keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食

keep a record / records 保持记录

keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾

（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）

keep busy doing 忙着做某事

keep fit 保持健康

keep…in mind =learn…by heart= remember…把……记住

keep (on) doing sth 继续不停地做某事

[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事

keep … from doing 阻止……做，不让……做

stop / prevent… (from) doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]

keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）

keep one’s balance 保持平衡

keep one’s word(s) 遵守诺言

keep safe 保持安全

keep silent over …对……保持沉默

keep the same look 保持原貌

keep watch 保持警戒，站岗

例如：

I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.

Every week there was a rebellion（造反）somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.

While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.

He kept on telling us the same story over and over.

You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.

Danger! Keep out!

Will this overcoat keep the rain out?

It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.

The rain kept up all night.

I see you are getting along well with your English studies. Keep up the good work.

The good news keeps our spirits up.

He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.

Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.

There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.”

（14）knock短语：

knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）

knock down 把……撞倒，击倒

knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见

knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人

knock over 撞翻，撞倒

例如：

We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.

He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.

Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr. White.

He almost knocked into me before he realized it.

If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door. （15）look短语：

look at 看着，注视，检查

look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子

look after 照顾，照料，照看

look ahead 向前看，展望未来

look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去

look back on…回顾……，回忆……

look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事

look for 寻找，找

look in 来访，参观

look into…往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究

look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着

look like…看起来像……（比较：look the same 看起来像）look on 旁观，观望

look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防

look out for 警惕，留心，找出来

look over…翻阅，（仔细）检查

look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习

look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻

look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）

look / be worried 看上去/感到担心

例如：

The boy is old enough to look after himself.

He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.

We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Join us. Don’t just look on.

They all looked on him as a member of their family.

Look out! There is danger ahead.

I shall look out that I don’t trust him again.

He looked through his notes before writing the report.

Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.

I must look up the time of your train.

A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.

I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination. （16）make短语：

make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）

[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造

be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）

be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）

be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成] make out 理解，看清楚

make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成

make up for 弥补，补充，补偿

made up one’s mind 下决心

make a choice 做出选择

make a commitment 承诺，保证

make a comment / comments (on / upon…) （对……）发表评论

make a (great) contribution to…为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款

make a decision 做出决定

make a (no) difference （没）有关系/影响

make a face / faces 扮鬼脸

make a fire 生火

make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集

make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of …愚弄）

make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象

make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误

make (a) noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音

make a note / notes of…记录，做笔记，记下来

make a plan (for… ) （为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划

make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要

make a promise 承诺

make a record 录制唱片，做记录

（比较：record a song 录一首歌

set a world record 创造世界记录）

make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出（关于……）的建议

make a telephone call 打电话

make / take a trip / journey to …去某地旅行

make conversation 交谈

make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵

make friends with sb 与某人交朋友

make fun of…取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑

make it（事业上）获得成功

make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄

make mistake about…犯了……错误

make / earn money 挣钱

make oneself at home 不拘束,别客气

make oneself known 使/让自己出名

make one’s way to…往……走去

make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步

make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通

make sense of…弄懂……的意思

make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做

make sure 确保，确认，查明

make the adjustment to…适应……

make the / one’s bed 整理床铺

make (full) use of …=make the most / best of … (充分)利用

例如：

Bamboo is also made into paper.

Our desks and chairs are made of wood.

The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.

This engine is made up of 490 parts.

The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.

These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.

She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.

There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up.

Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.

Everyone should make full use of time.

But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.

I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.

They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English. （17）pass短语：

pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）

pass by 通过，从旁边经过

pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去

pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)

pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来

pass out 失去知觉，昏厥

pass through 穿过，越过

pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上

pass the examination 通过考试

例如：

Dr Johnson passed away last night.

They all waved to us as they passed by.

The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.

She said she’d pass the message on to the other students.

I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.

（18）pay短语：

pay attention to … 对……注意，留心……

pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）

pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复

pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for …付高价）

pay off 还清（欠款）

pay sb a visit 拜访某人

pay the bill 买单，付帐单

例如：

He promised to pay the money back by Friday.

The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport.

After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last. （19）pick短语：

pick out 挑选，认出

pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）

例如：

His story was picked out as the best by the judges.

The phone rang and I picked it up.

I’ll pick you up at t he station.

I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.

After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.

I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.

I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year. （20）put短语：

put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来

put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下

put forward 提出，建议，推荐

put off 延期，拖延

put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴

put on a performance 演出

put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产

put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立

put up with 忍受，容忍

put into 使进入，输入，投入

put／translate…into 把……译成

put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……

put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱

put …to use 使用……，运用……

put a date to sth 注明日期

（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期

to date 到目前为止）

put an end to …结束……

put …together 把……放在一起

例如：

We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.

All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）.

Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.

We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.

The firemen soon put the fire out.

The doctor told me to put out my tongue.

It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.

Drop your weapons and put your hands up.

Another supermarket has been put up near our house.

I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.

The government is putting more money into education this year.

As students, we should put our heart into studies.

（21）send短语：

send away 让走开

send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来

send in 寄送某处进行处理

send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）

send up 发射，射出，往上送

send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉

send signals by …通过……发送信号

例如：

Get back into bed. I’ll send for the doctor.

The ship is in danger; it is sending out an SOS signal.

The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.

（22）set短语：

set about (doing) sth 着手，开始

set aside 留出，搁/放在一边

set down 放下，记下

set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起

set out (for…) 出发往（……），动身去（……）

set out to do 开始做，着手做

set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起

set /give a (good) example to…为……树立（好）榜样

set a goal 设定目标s

et fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧

set foot on / in…踏上……，到达，进入

set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做

set sail for 起航去……

set sail from 从……起航

set sb a good example in …在……为某人树立榜样

set sb free 释放某人，解放某人

例如：

As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room.

Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.

They’ve set off on a trip round the world.

Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.

He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.

We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.

A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field.

Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.

The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.

He was set free after three years in prison.

Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.

（23）stand短语：

stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人

stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人

stand out 突出，显眼

stand up 起立，站起来

stand still = stay still 站着不动

例如：

CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.

Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.

（24）take短语：

take after 与某人相像

take along 带领，携带

take … apart = separate … 把……分开

take away 拿走，拿去，使离开

take away from…从……带／拿走

take back 退回，拿回，收回

take down 拿下，记下，记录

take for… 当作……，误以为是……

take in 吸收，接纳，上当

take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销

take on 呈现

take out 拿出，取出

take over 继承，接管，接替

take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）take a bank loan 向银行贷款

take a bath 洗澡

take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险

take a critical attitude towards…对……持批判态度

take a few deep breaths 深呼吸

take / have a degree in …取得……学位

take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育

take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信

比较：leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信

take a photo (of …) （给……）照相，拍（……）照片

take a risk / risks 冒险

take a shower 沐浴，洗澡

take a sip 呡一小口

take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车

take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假

take (an) interest in … 对……感兴趣

（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣

have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）

take advantage of 对……加以利用

take … by surpris e 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料

take care 小心, 注意

take care of 照顾，照看

take effect 生效，奏效

take exercise 运动，活动

take … for example 以……为例

take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住

take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张

take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅

（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）

take lessons 上课

take notes 做笔记，做记录

take notice of 注意

take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）

take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动[比较：take time 花费（时间）]

take part 参加

（比较：take part in… = join in… = participate in…参加……

take an active part in…积极参加……）

take place 发生，出现，举行

[比较：take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位臵）]

take pride in …= be proud of…对……感到自豪

take responsibility for … = be responsible for …对……负起责任

take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱

take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人

（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）

take sb seriously 看重某人

take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事

take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温take sth along with sb 随身携带某物

take shelter 躲避

take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人

take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动

take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事

例如：

I’m sorry. I’ll take back what I said.

Take care! The car is coming.

My plane takes off at 11:00 sharp.

We can’t have such a big table in this small room. It takes up too much room.

（25）think短语：

think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）

think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法

think out 想出

think over 仔细考虑

think through… 思考……直到得出结论

think up 提出，想出，设计出

think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑

think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对……高度评价

例如：

I’m sorry. I can’t think out your name.

When I was in the States, I often thought of my friend Li Hua.

Think it over, and you’ll find a way.

（26）turn短语：

turn against 转而反对，背叛

turn around / round 转身，转过来

turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走

turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）

turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）

turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达

turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝

turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想

turn in 交进，上缴，归还

turn into 变成

turn…into…把……变成……，转变成

turn to…转向……，向……求助，查阅

turn out 结果是，生产

turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是

turn right / left 向右/向左拐

turn writer = become a writer 成为作家

例如：

Those who were once for him have turned against him.

Turn in everything captured（缴获的）.

I’m going to turn my garage into a playroom for the children.

Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.

Shall I turn on the bath water for you?

He turned the meat over in the pan（平底锅）.

They always turn to me when they are in trouble.

His attention turned to the pretty young girl.

Turn the radio down a little. I can scarcely hear the program.

He turned the coat collar（衣领）up because of the wind.

Something will turn up to get you out of the difficulty.

以介词或副词为中心的动词短语（便于强化记忆）（l）动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论

think about 思考

care about 关心，对……有兴趣bring about 引起，使发生

set about 着手，开始

come about 发生

hear about 听说

worry about 为……担心

（2）动词+at

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在

run at 冲向，向……攻击

call at 拜访(地点)

tear at 用力撕

look at 看，注视

work at 干……活动（研究）come at 向……袭击

shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

stare at 凝视

glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥

laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲（门、窗等）

point at 指向

smile at 冲（某人）笑

strike at 向……打击

shoot at 向……射击

wonder at 惊讶

（3）动词+away

die away 逐渐消失

put away 收拾起来，存起来pass away 去世

wash away 冲走

take away 拿走

give away 背弃，泄漏

send away 让走开

turn away 把……打发走

wear away 磨掉，消耗

throw away 扔掉

blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走，使入迷

clear away 清除掉，消散break away 摆脱

（4）动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住

hold back 控制住

give back 归还

call back 回电话

take back 拿回，收回

look back(on) 回顾

（5）动词+down

cut down 削减，砍倒

put down 记下，写下，镇压

take down 记下，记录

turn down 调小，拒绝

slow down 慢下来

pass down 传下来

calm down 平静下来

burn down 烧毁

tear down 拆毁，拆除

come down 下落，传下

break down 坏了，垮了，分解

bring down 使……降低，使倒下

settle down 安家

（6）动词+from

die from 因……而死

hear from 收到……来信

learn from 向……学习

differ from 与……不同

suffer from 受……苦

result from 由于

separate…from 把……分离开

keep／stop／prevent…from 不让……做

date from=date back to 始于……时期，追溯到（7）动词+for

run for 竞选

ask for 要求得到

beg for 乞求

wait for 等候

look for 寻找

call for 需要，要求

hunt for 寻找

long for 渴望

care for 关心，喜欢

seek for 寻找

come for 来拿，来取

apply for 申请

stand for 代表，表示

search for 查找

change…for 用……换

charge…for 收费，要价

take…for 误以为……是

hope/wish for 希望得到

（8）动词十in

get in 收获，进入

fill in 填写

cut in 插入

join in 参加

look in 来访，参观

hand in 上交

drop in 拜访

give in 让步

take in 接纳，吸收

call in 召集，来访

bring in 引进，使得到收入break in 强制进入，插话

result in 导致

succeed in 在……获成功

persist in 坚持

（9）动词十into

run into 碰到

look into 研究，调查，往里面看burst into 闯入，进发

turn into 变成

change…into 把……变成divide…into 把……分成

put／translate…into 把……译成（l0）动词+of

die of 死于

talk of 谈到

hear of 听说

think of 想到

dream of 梦到

speak of 谈到

consist of 由……组成

approve of 赞成

complain of 抱怨

become of 发生……情况，怎么啦（l1）动词+out

go out 熄灭

set out 出发，着手

try out 试用，试验

put out 扑灭

run out 用完

let out 泄漏，发出(声音)

pick out 选出

hold out 坚持下去

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳make out 理解，看清楚

keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住

find out 查出，弄明白

work out 算出，想出办法等

send out 发出，派遣

give out 散发，分发，用完

look out 当心，提防

hand out 散发，分发

help out 救助

turn out 结果是，生产

come out 出版，出来

cross out 划掉

burst out 进发

carry out 执行

break out 爆发

point out 指出

figure out 算出

bring out 阐明，使表现出

leave out 省略，删掉

speak out 大胆讲出

（l2）动词+over

go over 审阅，检查，研究

get over 克服

run over 压死，看一遍

take over 接管，接替

turn over 翻倒，细想

fall over 跌倒，摔倒

roll over 翻滚

look over 翻阅，检查

think over 仔细考虑

watch over 看守，照看

（l3）动词十to

add to 增添

get to 到达

see to 处理，料理

turn to 向……求助，查阅

come to 共计，苏醒

lead to 导致，通向

reply to 答复

refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅

bring to 使苏醒

agree to 同意

object to 反对

point to 指向

write to 写信给

relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（与……）有关attend to 处理

belong to 属于

supply…to 为……提供

devote…to 贡献给

stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于

compare…to 与……相比，把……比作

（l4）三词以上的短语动词

do well in 在……干得好

make up for 弥补

look down on / upon 轻视

break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开，别靠近

do away with 废除

put up with 忍受

catch up with = keep up with 赶上

fill up with 用……装满

go on with 继续

get on / along with 和……相处

look forward to 盼望

look up to 仰望，尊敬

add up to 总计

live up to 依据……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）

get close to 接近

get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧

pay attention to 注意

pay a visit to 访问

take / get / catch hold of 握住

run out of 用完

get out of 逃避，避免

take notice of 注意

take a photo of 拍……照片

take the place of 取代

set an example to 为……树立榜样

3、其他常用短语（按字母表顺序）

（1）Aa

a balance diet 均衡饮食

a best-seller 畅销书

a bit = a little = a little bit 少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微

a bit of 一点，少量（修饰不可数名词）

[ 比较：a few 一些，少量（修饰可数名词）

a great deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

a great / good many = scores of 许多，大量（修饰可数名词）

a handful of 一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a large / great amount of = large amounts of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a lot of = lots of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a mass of = masses of 大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a (large / great) number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）

plenty of 大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a bunch of flowers 一束花 a cloud of 一团

a couple of 一对/双，两三个，一些，几个

a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周 a cup of 一杯

a day or two = one or two days 一两天 a deserted island 荒岛

a healthy diet = a diet of healthy food(s) 健康的饮食

a highly-developed country 高度发达的国家

a kind of 一种，一类

a laid-off worker 下岗工人

a large sum of money 一大笔钱

a length of …长……

a list of 一张……的清单

a live concert 现场直播的音乐会

a natural disaster 自然灾害

a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包

a pair of 一双，一副

a piece of 一件，一块，一张

a row of 一排，一行

a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套

a set of 一套，一副

a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏

a third of = one third of 三分之一

a total failure 一个彻底的失败者

a total of 总数（量）为

a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行

a variety of = varieties of = various 种种的，种类繁多的

a waste of (time) 白费(时间)，浪费(时间)

a man of name 知名人士

a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界

after all 毕竟，终究

after a short while 不久以后，没多久

after a time 一段时间以后

after class / work / school 下课/下班/放学之后

all alone = all by oneself 独自，独立

all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然

all day = all day long 全天，终日

all in all 总共，总的来说

all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的

all night long 整夜，通宵

all one’s life终身，一生

all over 到处，遍及，结束

all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整个世界/全国

all right 好吧，行了，（病）好了

all the best 祝一切顺利，万事如意

all the same 一样，同样的

all the time 一直

all the way 一路上，一直

all together 一起，总共

all (the) year round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季，一年到头

an invitation to…一张……的请柬/请贴

an expert on ………方面的专家

as a consequence / result 结果，因此

as a consequence / result of 作为（……的）结果，由于……的结果

as a whole 普遍来说，作为整体

as … as 像，如同

as … as possible = as…as one can尽可能……地

as far as （表示程度，范围）就/尽……（=so far as），远至

as far as I know 就我所知，据我所知

as follows如下（用以列举事项）

as if = as though 好像，似乎，仿佛（比较：even if = even though 虽然，即使，尽管）

as long as 只要（= so long as引导条件状语从句），长达

as much / many as 多达

as soon as 一……就……

as soon as possible 尽快，尽可能早地as to / for 至于，关于，就……而言

as usual 像往常一样

as well 也/还有(= too)，同样地，例外

as well as = together with = and 也，以及，和，还，而且

as with ... 也一样，就像……

at all 根本（否定句），到底（疑问句），竟然（条件从句）

at a loss 茫然，不知所措

at an early age 年轻时

at any moment / time 随时

[ 比较：after a moment = after a while / minute 过了一会儿

a moment ago = just now 刚才，不久以前

a moment later 片刻之后

at the moment = at the time 此刻，现在，在那时

at the very moment 就在那一刹那

for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿

for the moment = for the time being 暂时，目前

in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿，立刻，马上the moment / minute (that) ... 一……就……]

at any risk 不顾一切

[比较：at risk 处于危险中

at the risk of (doing sth) 冒着（可能做某事）的危险

take / run a risk / risks 冒险

risk one’s life (to do sth) 冒着生命危险（做某事）

risk doing sth 冒险做某事）]

at birth 出生时，一生下来就at breakfast 在吃早饭

at hand 近在手边，在附近

at home 在家

(at) home and abroad 在国内外

at last 终于，最后

at length 最后，终于，详细地

at midnight 在半夜

at night 在夜里，天黑时

at noon 在中午

at once = right away = right now 马上，立即

at one go 一口气

at present = at the present time 现在, 目前

at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然

（比较：by sea 乘船

by the sea 在海边

in the sea 在海里

on the sea 在海面上）

at stake 在危险中

at such a great height 在如此高的高度

at table 在吃饭（比较：at the table 在桌前）

at times 偶尔，有时

（比较：at that time 那时

at the same time = meanwhile 同时

at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）at various academic levels 不同的学术层次at war 处于战争/交战状态

at work 忙于工作

at the age of ... 在……岁的时候

at the art festival 在艺术节上，在艺术节期间

at the base 在底部

at the (very) beginning of ... 在……开始时，在……之初

at the bottom of 在……下端/底部

at the cost of 以……为代价

at the end of 在……末端，到……结束时

at the foot of 在……的脚下

at the front desk 在前台，在服务台at the head of 在……最前面

at the latest 最迟

at a high /low price 以高/低价

at (the) least 至少[比较：at (the) most 最多]

at the mercy of 任由……摆布/控制，在……的掌握中

at the opening /closing (ceremony) of ... 在……开/闭幕式上

at the rate of 以……的比率

at the side of 在……的旁边

at the speed of 以……速度（比较：at full / high speed 高速）

at the top of one’s voice 大声地

at the weekend 在周末

accept … as…认为……是……，承认……是……，把……当作……

[比较：regard … as…认为……是

treat … as…把……当作

recognize … as…认为……是……

view / see / know … as…认为……是……

consider … as …/ consider … (to be…)认为……是……

look on … as…视……为

refer to … as…把……视为

think of… as… / think … (to be…)认为……是……] accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉

accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为……/ 做某事

achieve one’s goal达到目的

achieve success 获得成功

act as 担任，充当

adapt to （改变以）适应

adapt oneself to 使自己适应于

adapt to the new environment 适应新环境

add to 增加，添加

add …to…把……加到……上

add up 加起来

add up to 总计达到

adjust to （调整以）适应

adjust to these extreme conditions 适应极限条件

admire sb as…钦佩某人是……

admire sb for…钦佩某人的……，因……钦佩某人

advance the deadline 提前最后期限

advance towards…朝……前进

advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事

agree with sb / sb’s opinion / sb’s idea 同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致

[ 比较：agree on sth 对……达成共识

agree to (the plan) 同意（计划等）]

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在，针对

allow for 顾及，为……做准备

answer for… 对……负责

apologize to sb (for sth) = make an apology to sb (for sth) （因某事）向某人道歉

appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上诉

appeal to their emotions 投合他们的喜好

apply for 申请，请求

apply to 应用，适用

appoint sb as…任命某人当……

approve of 赞成

argue about 争论某事

argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人争执/争论

arrive in / at 到达某地

ask after sb 问候某人

ask for 要求得到

ask for a day off 请一天假

ask for a leave 请假

associate…with…把……与……联系起来

attach to 加在……之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着

attempt to do sth 试图做某事

attend school / university 上学/上大学

attend the meeting 出席会议

attend to 处理，照顾，关照，倾听

attract / draw / call sb’s attention 吸引某人注意

above all 首要的是，尤其是

according to 根据

action film / movie 动作片

advanced mathematics 高等数学

again and again 一次又一次，一再，反复

against the wall 靠着墙

ahead of…优于，超过，比……早，在……的前面

alarm clock 闹钟

along with…和……一起

and so on 等等

and things like that ……之类的东西

another day 改天

any more 再，又

apart from 除……都，除……以外

around the corner 在拐角处，即将来临

（比较：on the way = in store 即将来临

draw near 即将来临，就要来临，逼近）

（2）Bb

be after 寻找，追踪，追求

be /act against 违背，违反，反对

be from 从……来，是……人

be next to 在……隔壁，紧挨着……

be off / leaving 离开

be out （灯火）熄灭，（人）外出

be out of 没有，用完

be up 起床

be up against 面对

be up to sb 由某人决定

be up to sth 忙于某事，从事于

be upon 逼近，临近

be anxious about …为……而忧虑/着急/担心

（比较：be anxious for …渴望，非常希望

be concerned about / for…为……而忧虑/着急/担心

be concerned about / with…对……关切/关注/感兴趣）

be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，当心

[比较：be careful (not) to do sth 小心（不）做某事]

be clear about 对……清楚

be crazy about 对……着迷

be curious about = have the curiosity about 对……感到好奇

be excited about 对……感到兴奋

be particular about 对……挑剔

be amazed at 为……感到惊讶

be experienced at 对……有经验

be present at 出席

be shocked at 对……感到震惊

be common for 对……来说是很普通的

be eager for … = long for… = be dying for…渴望得到……

（比较：be eager to do sth 急着想做某事）

be famous for 因……而闻名，由于……而出名

（比较：be famous as 作为……而闻名

be famous to 对……来说很出名）

be fit for = be suitable for 适合

be good / bad for sb 对……有好处/坏处

（比较：be good at 善于……，擅长于……，在……方面做得好

be good to sb 对某人友好

do good to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处

do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 对某人有害，伤害某人）

be honored for…因……受到尊敬

be intended for 为了

be late for 迟到（比较：be late with sth 某事做得晚）

be to blame for 因……受到责备

be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上

be caught in (a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake) 突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）

be confident in 在……方面自信

be effective in 在……方面有效

be fluent in (a language) 在（某一门语言）方面很流利

be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在……方面不足

be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速

be rich / high in 在……方面丰富

be set in 以……为背景

be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明

be trapped in 被困在……（比较：be trapped by 被……所困）be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕，恐惧（比较：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做）

be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧/惭愧

be aware of 意识到，知道

be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 爱好，喜欢

be full of = be filled with 充满了，装满

be jealous of 嫉妒

be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少 be sure of / about 对……有把握

be uncertain of / about 对……没把握

be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于……

be addicted to 沉溺于

be loyal to = be faithful to = be devoted to 忠诚于

be opened to 向……开放

be reduced to 30% 减少到百分之30%（指最后的结果）

[比较：be reduced by 30% 减少了百分之30%（指与原来相对而言）]

be similar to 与……相似，与……相像

be angry with sb for sth 因某事生某人的气

be armed with 以……武装

be burdened with 为……所累

be busy with sth 忙于某事

（比较：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

be occupied with sth 忙于某事

be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事）

be covered with / by 被……所覆盖

be crowded with 挤/塞满了……

be diagnosed with 被诊断为

be equipped with 具有，装有……设备，为……做好准备

be faced with 面临……，面对……

be familiar with 对……很熟悉

be fed up with 对……感到厌倦

be honest with 对……诚实

be mean with 对……吝啬

be pleased / satisfied with 对……感到满意

（比较：be content with 对……感到满意，满足于……

be content to do sth 愿意做某事）

be popular with 受到……的欢迎

be pressed with 被刻印/铸压上

be strict with sb 对某人严格要求（比较：be strict in sth 对某事严格要求）

be surrounded with / by 被……围绕

be about to do sth 正要做某事

be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事

be determined to do = determine / decide to do sth 决心做……

be due to do sth 预定/到期应该做某事（比较：due to sth 因为/由于……）

be forced to do sth 被迫做某事

be free to do sth 任意去做，悉听尊便

be likely to do sth 很有可能做某事

be supposed to do 被认为/被期望/应该做某事

be willing to do = like to do 愿意做某事

be able to do 能，会

be absent from 缺席，旷课

be asleep 睡着（比较：be awake 醒着）

be awarded a Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖

be badly off 潦倒，贫困（比较：be well off 富有）

be badly treated 受到虐待

be born 出生，出世

be / become endangered 频临危险

be in contact with 与……有交往

（比较：make contact with 与……联络

lose / break contact with 与……失去联系

lose touch with = be out of touch with 与……失去联系

be in touch with = stay / keep in touch with 与……保持联系

get in touch with = get into contact with sb 与……取得联系

bring … into touch with 使……接触，使……认识

keep track of…与……保持联系，了解……的动态，记录……）

be in possession of = take possession of 持有，拥有，占有，占领

（比较：be in sb’s possession = be in the possession of sb 被某人占有/拥有

come into sb’s possession 被某人占有/拥有）be in the charge of 在某人的掌管下，由某人经营/照顾

（比较：be in charge of 掌管，管理，照顾）

be mentally disturbed 精神失常

be of benefit 有利的，有好处的

be of (no) effect 有（无）效

be of different sizes / weights / shapes 大小不一/重量不同/形状

各异

（比较：be of the same size / weight / shape 大小/重量/形状相同）

be of great importance / value 非常重要，有重要性

be of high / good quality 高质量的（比较：be of poor quality 质量糟糕的）

be of (no) use 有（无）用

be on good terms (with sb) 与某人关系好

be stressed out 紧张的，有压力的

be upset 沮丧，伤心

be well received 很受欢迎

be (well) worth doing（很）值得做

[比较：be worthy of sth / of being done / to be done 值得（做）……]

by accident = by chance 偶然地, 碰巧，意外

by air / boat / bus / train 乘坐飞机/小船/公共汽车/火车

by and by 不久以后，逐渐地

by appointment 按约定

by choice 出于选择（比较：for choice 要选就选）

by day / night 白天/ 晚上

by fax 通过传真

by force 靠武力

by hand = with one’s hands 手工

by law 根据法律

by mail 通过邮寄

by means of (doing) sth 通过，借助于……手段

（比较：by all means = in all ways 不惜一切

by no means = in no way 决不，一点也不

by this means = in this way 用这种方法）

by mistake = in error 由于错误或疏忽，错误地

by weight 按重量计算（比较：by the hour / day 按小时/天计算）

by the end of 到……结束为止，到……底为止

by the nearest exit 从最近的出口出去

by the side of 在……附近

by the time 到……的时候（后接状语从句）

by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下

[ 比较：by way of …经由，经过, 通过……的方法

in a way = in one way = in some way 在某种程度上

in no way 决不, 一点也不

in the / sb’s way 挡道，妨碍

in this / that way 以这种/那种方式，这样／那样

in … way = in the way of 以……的方式

this / that way 这样/那样（直接做状语）

on one’s way here / there / home (adv.) 在（到这里/去那里/回家）的路上

on one’s way to doing sth 即将做某事

on one’s way to someplace (n.) 在去某地的路上

on the way 在路上，在来/去的行进中

on the way home 在回家的路上，即将来临

out of the way 不挡道

feel one’s way 摸索着道路（前进）

fight one’s way 挣扎着前进，经（奋斗或努力）开路

或获得（某事物）

find one’s way to设法找到去……的路

lose one’s way 迷路

make one’s way to 朝……走去

push one’s way 挤过去

struggle one’s way 艰难地行进]

base on sth 以……为基础（比较：be based on / upon 以……为基础）

beg for 乞求

become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

believe in 信赖，信任，信仰(真理，宗教，原则)，支持，赞成

bend over 弯腰，俯身

benefit from = profit by / from 从……吸取教训，从……中获益blow away 吹走

blow out 吹灭

blow the fire off 熄火，把火吹灭

brush one’s teeth 刷牙

build up 逐步建立，增进，增加，加强，扩大

burden sb / oneself with sth 加负担于某人/ 自己

burn down 烧毁，烧成平地

burn down… to the ground把……烧成平地

burn up 消耗，烧掉

burst into 闯入，突然破门而入

burst into sth = burst out doing 迸发，突然而猛烈地产生某种情况

（比较：burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑起来burst into tears 眼泪夺眶而出

burst into cheers 突然欢呼）

burst out (doing ) 迸发出来，突然开始（做）

bed time 就寝时间

Beijing Opera 京剧

before long 不久以后（比较：long before 很久以前）

belong to sb / sth 属于某人/某事

below / above zero 零度以下/上

body building 健美

body language 身势语

boiled water 开水

both … and … 两个都，既……又……

business hours 营业时间

bus station / stop 汽车站/公共汽车站

but for 如果不是，倘若不是

Better late than never. 迟做总比不做好。

（3）Cc

calculate the distance between… 计算出……的距离

calm down 平静，镇定

can’t help but do sth 忍不住做某事

can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳

card games 纸牌游戏

care about 对……感兴趣，关心，担心

（比较：care for 喜欢，关怀，照顾，照料

care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做

care to do sth 愿意做）

carry away 拿走，使入迷

carry off 夺走，携走

carry on 继续进行，坚持下去

carry on research 进行研究

carry out (an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey) 开展或执行（实验/计划/命令/调查）

cast away 抛弃

catch a glimpse of 瞥见

catch fire = be on fire 着火，开始燃烧

catch / find sb doing sth 发现/发觉某人正在做某事

cause damage to…对……造成破坏

cell phone 移动电话，手机

centre on / upon…将……当做重点或中心

（比较：centre / concentrate / fasten / fix / focus one’s attention on 把注意力集中于）

chain stores 连锁店

change A for B 用A换B

change A into B 把A变成B，把A转换成B

change one’s mind 改变主意

charge… for 收费，要价

charge sth with… 使某事物充满……（情感）（比较：be charged with 充满……）

chat on line 网上聊天

check in 登记，报到

check out 查明，核查，结帐

check information 审核情况

cheer sb on 为某人加油

cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来，使某人振作起来

chemical factory 化工厂

child laborer 童工

Christmas card / tree / Eve 圣诞卡/树/前夕

classical music 古典音乐

classify … into …把……分类成……

clean out 清除，打扫干净

clear away 清除掉，消散，清除打扫，整理

clear up 打扫卫生，梳理整齐，（天气）放晴，露出喜悦的表情

close friends 密友

close down 倒闭

close up （尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近

close to 靠近，接近

combine…with…把……和……结合起来

comment on / upon…对……进行评论

commit the / a crime 犯罪

common sense 常识，情理

communicate sth to sb 使某事物被人知晓，传送某事物给某人communicate with…与……交流/联络 compare notes 交换意见，交流看法

compare … to…把……比作…

compare with …与……相比

compete against… 与……相对抗

compete for… 为……而竞争

compete in 参加（竞赛）

compete with… 与……竞争/比赛

complain of 抱怨……

computer / video games 电子游戏

congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事

connect to 连接，相连（比较：be connected to 与……有关系）connect with …与……相连接

contribute to 有利于，贡献，捐款给，为……投稿

cool off 变凉，冷却，冷

copy sb’s example仿照某人，照某人的样子做

cover an entire continent 盖整个大陆cover the events 采访事件，报道事件

create a positive / negative effect 产生积极/消极的作用/影响

cross out 划掉

crowd around （许多人）围着

cultural relics / sites 文化古迹

current affairs 时事

Cheer up. 振作起来。提起精神。

Come on! 来！快呀！

（4）Dd

dance to the music 伴随音乐起舞

date from = date back to 始于……时期，追溯到

day after day 日复一日（强调重复）

day by day 一天天地（强调逐渐变化）

day and night 日日夜夜地

deal with = do with 处理，解决，对付

depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠，依赖，信赖，靠……来决定

develop a lifelong friendship with sb 与某人成为终身朋友

develop the photos 冲洗照片

devote … to…把……贡献给……，献身于……，专心于……

[比较：be devoted to (doing) sth 投身于

be devoted to sb 喜欢某人]

die away 逐渐消失，减弱（以至感觉不到），淡化

die down 逐渐降低，减弱，消失，平息

die from 因……而死，死于（除了疾病或情感以外的原因，及某种具体疾病）

die of (illness, hunger, grief, etc.) 因……而死，死于（疾病，饥饿，悲伤等情感内因）

die off 一一死去，先后死去

die out = become extinct 灭绝，绝迹，消失

differ from = be different from 与……不同，区别于

dig up 挖出，掘起

dining room 餐厅

dip into sth 把……放入液体中，浏览，翻阅

display one’s deep sympathy 表达某人深切的同情

distinguish A from B 显示A和B（两者）的差别，使A和B 有所不同

（比较：distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别A 和B）

divide … into 把……分成，使……分隔开divide up 分配

double one’s efforts加倍努力

dozens of 几十

draw a conclusion 得出结论

draw attention to 对……表示注意

draw back 后退

draw up 起草，拟定

dream of 梦到

dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事dress up 化装打扮，乔装打扮

dress up as…打扮／装饰成……

drink a toast 祝酒

drink to sb / sth 为……而干杯或祝福

drive off 击退, 把（车）开走

drop by 访问，拜访

drop in 顺便走访，拜访

drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人

drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地

drop off 放下（某物），下车

drop out (of…) （从竞赛、活动等）退出，辍学

drop sb a line 给某人写短信

during the day 在白天

during / in the 1980s / 1980’s 20世纪80年代

during / in / throughout on e’s lifetime在某人的一生中

（5）Ee

each other 互相，彼此（比较：one another 相互，彼此）earn / make / gain a / one’s living谋生

earn / make money 挣钱，赚钱

eat up 吃完，吃光

either…or …或者……或者……，要么……要么……

[比较：neither … nor … 既不……也不……

not…but…不是……而是……

not only …but also…不仅……而且……（前句用于句首时，须倒装）]

end up with …以……结束/告终

（比较：begin / start with 以……开始

close with 以……结束/告终

end up 结束，告终，最后得到……的结局/下场

end in failure / prison 以失败/坐牢而告终.

end in a tie 以平局结束）

engage to sb 与某人订婚

English-speaking countries 说英语的国家

enjoy equal rights 享有平等权利

enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得开心

escape from 免于/逃脱……，从……泄露出

every day 每天

everyday use 日常使用

every few years 每隔几年

（比较：every four years = every fourth year 每四年，每隔三年every two years = every second year = every other year 每两年，每隔一年)

every now and then 不时地

ever since 从……以来，从那时起

except for 除了……之外

exchange student 交换生

exist in 存在于……

experience life 体验生活

experiment with 进行实验，进行试验

explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth 向某人解释某事

express oneself 表达自己的意思

Excuse me. 对不起。

Everything / All goes well. 一切顺利。

（6）Ff

face to face 面对面(比较：hand in hand 手拉手，密切关联)

fail in doing sth 没做成某事

fail to do sth 无法做某事