英语五大基本句型
Five basic sentence patterns
五大基本句型
一．五大基本句型：
1. I do.
S+V（主语+谓语动词）
2. You are beautiful/handsome.
S + V + C（主语+ 动词+ 主语补足语）即“主系表”
3. I love you.
S+V+O（主语+ 谓语+ 宾语）
4. You make me happy.
S+V+O+C（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）
5. I will give you a kiss.
S+V+O+O（主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+宾语）
二．具体讲解
1. 基本句型一：S十V主谓结构
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise等
如：学生们学习很努力。_____________________________________
2. 基本句型二: S十V十C主系表结构
常见的系动词有：①be动词(是)；
②感官动词: look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), ;taste(尝起来),
sound(听起来);
③表示状态的: seem(似乎), appear(似乎，好像), keep(保持）, remain(仍是),
stay(继续处于...状态)等等。
④表示转变或结果的: get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得),go(变成),
grow(渐渐变得), fall(变得), prove(证明)
1)我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。We should __________ __________ any time.
2)这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.
3) 春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。Spring comes. It is ______________________________.
4) 不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。Don't have the food. _______________________________.
3. 基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构
1)我昨天看了一部电影。________________________________________________.
2）这些孩子他们照看得很好。They have ________ ________ _________ of the children．4. 基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构
1）昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
Yesterday her father _______________ ________ _____ ____________ as a birthday present. 2) The old man ___ ______ ____ ________ ________ in the Long March.(正在给孩子们讲故事) 注意：这种句型还可转换为：S + V ＋直接宾语“物”＋for/ to sb. + 间接宾语“人”
1)请把你的画给我看一下。
Please show me your picture. ==Please _________ ________ __________ _____ _____.
2)我买了本书给他。I _______ _______ a book. = I _______a book _____ _____.
间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，sing,等。
5.基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾宾补结构
此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。如call（叫）, choose（选）, find（发现）, make, name(命名) 等词。
1）请让孩子们安静下来。Keep ______ _________ _________, please.
2）他们把门漆成绿色。They painted ______ ______ ________.
3)我们必须保持我们的学校洁。We must ______ ______ ________ ______.
4) 我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。We found _____ _____ ______ _______..
5) 他要我早点回来。He asked me _______ ________ ________ soon.
注意：动词make, let, see, hear,等后面接动词不定式作宾补时，省略to。如：
1) The boss ________ _______ _________ all day. (迫使他劳动)
2) We saw _____ ____ _____. (他出去)
这些词有：一感feel
二听hear, listen to
三让(使)：let, make, have
四看：see, look at, watch, notice
三．练习：
I:判断下面各句分别属于简单句的哪种基本句型：
1.They work hard.
2.The flower is dead.
3.Plants need water.
4.He gives me some seeds.
5.We should keep the plants in the shade.
6. My name is Li Kang.
7. I live in Shijiazhuang.
8. I’m writing down my thoughts about it.
9. Ms Shen gave us instructions.
10. We made him monitor.
11. Your sister dances beautifully.
12. Doing that would be playing with fire.
13. I will tell my friends to protect the environment.
14. They kept their marriage a secret.
15. She gave me her telephone number.
16. Good food keeps you healthy.
17. I advise waiting till the right time.
18. Did you sleep well?
19. Horse-riding and shooting are some of the more unusual events.
20. Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world.