希腊罗马神话中的英语词汇

希腊罗马神话中的英语词汇
希腊罗马神话中的英语词汇

1、Flora:古希腊罗马神话中的花神。她嫁给了西风之神Zephyr,丈夫送给她一座满是奇花异草的园子。春天时,Flora和丈夫Zephyr手挽手在园子里漫步,他们一路走过的地方百花齐放。Flora在现代英语里指代“植物”。衍生词:flower,flour, flourish, floral, florist。

2、Muses(缪斯):希腊神话中掌管艺术的诸神。共九位,分别是历史、抒情诗、喜剧(牧歌、田园诗)、悲剧、歌舞、爱情诗、颂歌、天文、史诗。Muses 的艺术衍生出单词music,Muses收藏艺术品的地方就是museum。艺术带来的快乐便是amuse,amusement。

3、 Pan(潘):牧神和森林之神,受打扰时会大声吼叫。衍生词panic(惊慌,恐慌)。

4、Titan(泰坦):曾统治世界的巨人族的一员。Titan在现代英语里指代高大强壮的人,重要人物。衍生词titanic意指巨大的,极大的。“泰坦尼克号”即以此命名。

5、Zephyrus(泽费罗斯):西风之神。衍生词zephyr(西风,和风,微风)。(张晨????? 2010-04-09 03:13

补充一个 Zephyr 衍生词风雨兰(https://www.360docs.net/doc/3310910122.html,/wiki/Zephyranthes)拉丁化形式Zephyranthes)

6、 Atlas:希腊神话中Titans(泰坦)巨神之一,因背叛Zeus(宙斯)被罚在世界的西边尽头以双肩扛天。16世纪地理学家麦卡脱把Atlas擎天图作为一本地图册的卷首插图。后人争相效仿, atlas从此有了地图、地图集、身负重担的人的含义。其他衍生词:Atlantic。

7、Ceres:庄稼保护神。古罗马遭受大旱,教士们求助女巫占卜,占卜的结果是要立一位新的女神Ceres,向她供奉,这样她就会给大地带来雨水。此后,Ceres就变成了庄稼的保护神。cereal从拉丁语变化而来,意即“of Ceres”属于谷物女神的。衍生词:cereals(谷类,早餐麦片)。

8、Cronos:宙斯的父亲。害怕子女反抗自己,曾吞食自己的后代。就像无情的时间,吞噬一切。因此字根“chron”意指“time”。衍生词:chronic(耗费时间的,慢性的):chronology(年代学,年表)。

9、Eros(厄洛斯):爱神。是一位生有双翼的美少年,相当于罗马神话中的Cupid(丘比特)。不管是Eros还是Cupid,成天无所事事,在天上飞来飞去练习射箭,搞得大家人心惶惶。所以他们衍生出的单词都含贬义:erotic色情的:cupidity贪心,贪婪。

10、Hygeia:希腊健康女神,其形象为年轻女子,身着白色长衣(白大褂),头戴祭司冠,用饭碗喂着一条蛇。衍生词:hy-giene。

11、 Morpheus:希腊神话中的梦神。梦神是睡神Hypnos的儿子,掌管人们的梦境。衍生词:morphine(吗啡),marijuana(大麻)。morphine有麻醉镇定的作用。

二 成为现代英语中的代名词的希腊罗马神话词汇

英语中许多普通词汇由希腊罗马神话中的专有名词直接转化而来。这些希腊罗马神话中的专有词汇已成为现代英语中的典型同义词。

三 源于希腊神话的英语习语

1、Pandora’s box(潘朵拉的盒子) :普罗米修斯(Prometheus)为人类盗来

了天火,激怒了宙斯(Zeus)。Zeus决定惩罚人类,于是他命令火神造出一个美貌的女人 Pandora,让她去勾引Prometheus的弟弟埃比米修斯(Epimetheus)。结果Epimetheus上当,接近了 Pandora,Pandora于是就将手中的盒子打开,放出了里面的罪恶、灾难、疾病、不幸,只留下了“希望”在盒子里。于是Pandora’s box就成了“灾难的根源”的代名词。

2、the sword of Damocles(达摩克利斯之剑)[3]:Damocles是叙拉古王朝的一位大臣,非常羡慕帝王的荣华富贵。一天,国王让他坐在王位上,在Damocles的头上用一根头发悬一把利剑,告诉他王权的危险就象那把剑一样,随时可能降临。因此the sword of Damocles就成了“富贵中隐藏的危险”的同义语,也可以指形势危急,千钧一发。

3、Damon and Pythias[3] :Damon和Pythias是好朋友。Pythias出事被判了死刑,为了使他能够回家探视亲人,Damo留在牢中作人质,如果Pythias 不按时返回,就处死Damon。当期限满,临处刑之际,Pythias及时赶回。国王深受感动,将二人全部释放,因此,Damon and Pythias意思就是“生死之交”。

4、Penelop’s web:源自史诗《奥德赛》(Odyssey)[4]。泊涅罗珀(Penelop)是奥底修斯(Odysseus)的妻子,以忠贞而著称。特洛伊战争持续了十年,Odysseus在返家的途中又耽搁了十年。在这漫长的二十年中,许多王公贵族向Penelop求婚,她都托辞说必须等织完布后才能予以考虑,一到晚上,她又将白天织好的布再拆开。因此Penelop’s web就成了一项永远也完不成的工作。

5、apple of discord[5]:意思是“不和的根源、发生纠纷的事端”。佩琉斯和忒提斯举行婚礼时忘记了邀请不和女神厄里斯(Eris)。这位女神大为恼火,留下一个刻有“献给最美者”的金苹果,引起了雅典娜、赫拉和阿芙罗狄忒的纷争。此事导致漫长的特洛伊战争(Trojan War)。

6、Judgment of Paris[5]:意思是“不爱江山爱美人”。Eri不请自来到众神

的聚会,离开时留下金苹果。三位女神为了争夺金苹果不分高下,决定让Zeus 决定,宙斯无法在自己的妻子、智慧女神和爱与美的女神之间抉择。为难之际,Zeu拨开云雾向人间看去,看到了Troy的二王子Paris正在牧羊于是将决定权交给了Paris。三个女神分别以“最大的疆土”,“最智慧的头脑”和“最美丽的女人”作为诱惑,而最终Paris放弃了江山选择了Venus,获得了最美丽的女人海伦。

7、Helen of Troy:由于是Helen导致特洛伊城的沦陷,“Helen of Troy”就成了“红颜祸水,倾国尤物”的代名词。

8、The Trojan horse[4]:意思是“用以使敌方或对手上当误以为于自己有益的破坏性的事物或人”。在特洛伊战争中,希腊人为了攻打特洛伊城,造了一匹巨大的木马,其中藏有希腊士兵。他们故意装出弃木马逃走的样子,特洛伊人将木马作为战利品请进城。半夜,士兵们从木马内爬出,将城中的人杀死。特洛伊城陷落。The Trojan Horse经过不断引用已成为一个广泛流传的成语,常用来比喻the hidden danger(暗藏的危险);the covert wreckers(内奸):to engage in underhandactivities等意义。

9、Stables of Augeas(奥革阿斯的牛圈):意思是“最肮脏的地方:积累成堆难以解决的问题”。厄利斯国王奥革阿斯有牛数千头,牛圈三十年未扫。赫剌克勒斯 (Heracles)用一天时间将其打扫干净。

10、Achilles’heel:希腊勇士,人与神的结晶。出生之后被母亲倒提着在冥河中浸过,除了足跟之外,全身刀枪不入。最终在特洛伊战争中死于 Paris箭下。Achilles’heel意指“金无足赤,人无完人”,特指唯一致命弱点、缺点。

11、Swan song[3]:字面译做“天鹅之歌”,源于希腊成语Kykneion asma。在古希腊神话中,天鹅是阿波罗的神鸟,故常用来比喻文艺。传说天鹅平素不唱歌,而在它死前,必引颈长鸣,高歌一曲,其歌声哀婉动听,感人肺腑。这是它一生中唯一的,也是最后的一次唱歌。因此,现代英语中这个习语比喻某诗人、

作家、作曲家临终前的一部杰作,或者是某个演员、歌唱家的最后一次表演。早在公元前6世纪,古希腊寓言作家伊索(Aisopos)的寓言故事中,就有“天鹅临死才唱歌”的说法。在英国,乔叟、莎士比亚等伟大诗人、剧作家,都使用过这个成语典故。如:莎翁的著名悲剧《奥赛罗》(Othello)中塑造的爱米莉娅形象,她在生死关头站出来揭穿其丈夫的罪行。她临死时把自己比做天鹅,一生只唱最后一次歌[6]。

12、Under the rose:直译“在玫瑰花底下”。源自古罗马神话故事。爱神丘比特(Cupid)是爱与美之神维纳斯(venus红杏出墙和战神玛斯(Mars)所生的儿子。为了维护其母的声誉,丘比特给沉默之神哈伯克拉底(Harpocrates)送了一束玫瑰花,请他守口如瓶,不要把维纳斯的风流韵事传播出去。哈伯克拉底接受了玫瑰花就缄默不语了,成为名副其实的“沉默之神”。由于这个神话传说,古罗马人把玫瑰花当作沉默或严守秘密的象征,并在日常生活中相尚成风。人们去串门做客,当看到主人家的桌子上方画有玫瑰,客人就了解在这桌上所谈的一切均不应外传。Under the rose于是有了“秘密地,私下地,暗中”的意义。

总之,在英语词汇约80%的外来词汇中,古希腊语和拉丁语占了很大的比例,为英语词汇贡献了许多词根词缀。源于古希腊罗马神话的英语词汇更是俯拾皆是。因此,英语学习者除了掌握一定的语言文学知识外,还应对希腊罗马神话有所了解。这对于提高学习兴趣、扩大词汇量和了解西方文化的一些渊源,无疑是大有帮助的。

希腊罗马神话之Hera简介英文版

HERA (JUNO). Hera, the eldest daughter of Cronus and Rhea, was born at Samos, or, according to some accounts, at Argos, and was reared by the sea-divinities Oceanus and Tethys, who were models of conjugal fidelity. She was the principal wife of Zeus, and, as queen of heaven, participated in the honours paid to him, but her dominion only extended over the air (the lower aerial regions). Hera appears to be the sublime embodiment of strict matronly virtue, and is on that account the protectress of purity and married women. Faultless herself in her fidelity as a wife, she is essentially the type of the sanctity of the marriage tie, and holds in abhorrence any violation of its obligations. So strongly was she imbued with this hatred of any immorality, that, finding herself so often called upon to punish the failings of both gods and men in this respect, she became jealous, harsh, and vindictive. Her exalted position as the wife of the supreme deity, combined with her extreme beauty, caused her to become exceedingly vain, and she consequently resented with great severity any infringement on her rights as queen of heaven, or any apparent slight on her personal appearance. The following story will signally illustrate how ready she was to resent any slight offered to her. At the marriage of the sea-nymph Thetis with a mortal called Peleus, all the gods and goddesses were present, except Eris (the goddess of Discord). Indignant at not being invited, she determined to cause dissension in the assembly, and for this purpose threw into the midst of the guests a golden apple with the inscription on it "For the Fairest." Now, as all the goddesses were extremely beautiful, each claimed the apple; but at length, the rest having relinquished their pretensions, the number of candidates was reduced to three, Hera, Athene, and Aphrodite, who agreed to appeal to Paris for a settlement of this delicate question, he being noted for the wisdom he had displayed in his judgment upon several occasions. Paris was the son of Priam, king of Troy, who, ignorant of his noble birth, was at this time feeding his flocks on Mount Ida, in Phrygia. Hermes, as messenger of the gods, conducted the three rival beauties to the young shepherd, and with breathless anxiety they awaited his decision. Each fair candidate endeavoured to secure his favour by the most tempting offers. Hera promised him extensive dominions; Athene, martial fame and glory; and Aphrodite, the loveliest woman in the world. But whether he really considered Aphrodite the fairest of the three, or preferred a beautiful wife to fame and power, we cannot tell; all we know is that to her he awarded the golden apple, and she became ever after universally acknowledged as the goddess of beauty. Hera, having fully expected that Paris would give her the preference, was so indignant that she never forgave him, and not only persecuted him, but all the family of Priam, whose dreadful sufferings and misfortunes during the Trojan war were attributed to her influence. In fact, she carried her animosity to such an extent that it was often the cause of domestic disagreements between herself and Zeus, who espoused the cause of the Trojans. Among the many stories of these frequent quarrels there is one connected with Heracles, the favourite son of Zeus, which is as follows:--Hera having raised a storm at sea in order to drive him out of his course, Zeus became so angry that he hung her in the clouds by a golden chain, and attached heavy anvils to her feet. Her son Hephaestus tried to release his mother from her humiliating position, for which Zeus threw him out of heaven, and his leg was broken by the fall.

希腊神话故事与英语词汇

希腊神话故事与英语词汇 语言受文化影响,又是文化的重要组成部分。通过学习一门语言,可以了解一种文化。英语学习中把语言知识与文化背景结合起来,既能掌握英语国家独特的文化现象,同时又能加深对英语语言的理解和应用。希腊罗马神话是世界文化遗产,在西方社会生活的各个领域产生了难以估量的影响。 一、关于希腊神话故事 希腊神话是欧洲最早民间口头创作,产生于公元前十二世纪到公元前八世纪之间。它融汇了发生在小亚细亚、爱琴海地区以及埃及等地的传说和故事。希腊神话包括神的故事和英雄传说两个部分。古希腊诗人荷马(Homer)的两部史诗伊利亚特(Iliad)和奥德赛(Odys sey)包含了绝大部分的希腊神话。12位主神以宙斯为中心组成奥林普斯神统体系,掌管自然和生活的各种现象和事物。英雄传说的主人公大都是神与人的后代,它们英勇非凡,体现了人类征服自然的豪迈气概和顽强意志。神话中的神和人同形,同性情。很多神话故事讲述了神和很多普通人一样,有嫉妒心,自私,残忍,狡猾,报复心很强。但也有像普罗米修斯那样造福人类的伟大的神。神和人的基本区别在于神具有超人的特殊本领,常生不死,

生活闲逸快乐;人类弱小,会死,生存艰辛。“希腊神话里的神和英雄不受拘束,任性行事,个性张扬,重视个人的权利利益和价值。他们的价值观就是我们现在所熟悉的individ uali sm(个人主义),也正是美国人的价值观和人生观的核心。” 二、希腊神话故事对英语词根和习语的影响 1、有些英语单词的词根来源于希腊神话中众神的名字,例如: 第一,Flora, 古希腊神话中的花神。她的丈夫西风之神Zephyr 送给她一座花园。春天,他们手挽手在园子里散步,走过的地方百花齐放。Flora 作为词根,相当于植物plant .同源的单词有floral(花的,植物的), florist(种花人), flourish(繁荣,茂盛)。 第二,Pan是希腊神话里的一位山林之神,他人身羊足,头上有角。因长相怪异,被母 亲一出生就抛弃。他喜欢在山林里游荡,用自己古怪的声音和怪相吓路人,人们对此很恐惧 .恐惧来自于Pan, 因此恐惧就是panic. 第三,Pluto, 冥界之神,阴间之神。因为具有“冥河之宝藏”而使得pluto 作为词根表示财富wealth.同源的单词还包括plutocracy 财阀统治;plutolatry 拜金主义。 第四,Psyche是一位美貌绝伦的公主,许多人为之倾倒。这引起爱与美之神Aphrodite 的嫉妒。她指使儿子小爱神Eros 惩罚Psyche爱上一个丑陋的人,但Eros 却对Psyche 一见钟情,把爱情的箭射向自己。Aphrodite 知道后使Psyche备受折磨,但还是没能拆散他们。Psyche 后来成为人的灵魂的化身。Psyche作为词根,意为灵魂,精神。同源词还有psychoanalyst(精神分析家);psychology(心理学);psychodrama(心理剧)。 2、“习语是某一语言在使用过程中形成的固定的表达方式,习语的正确使用能使语言显得生动活泼、简洁性形象,给人以美的享受。”许多英语习语来源于希腊神话,如果知道它们的出处,并在英语写作和会话中有意识使用这些习语不仅增强表达效果,还使内容显得生动有趣。例如: 第一,Apple of discord: 弗提亚王珀琉斯Peleus(the King of Phthia)和海中仙女忒提斯(Thetis)举行婚礼时忘了邀请不和女神厄里斯(Eris)。她深感不快,于是挑起事端。她在婚宴上投下一只金苹果,上面写着“献给最美者”。结果大地之母赫拉(Hera),智慧女神雅典娜(Athena),爱与美女神阿佛洛狄忒(Aphrodite)为了得到金苹果而发生争执。宙斯不愿得罪任何一位拒绝裁决,于是她们找到人间最美的男子帕里斯(Paris)来裁决争端。此事导致了漫长的特洛伊战争(the Trojan war)。Apple of discord就表示不和的种子,祸根。 第二,Damon and Pythias: 达蒙(Damon)和皮西厄斯(Pythias)是好朋友,皮西厄斯出了事被判死刑,为了使他回家探视亲人,达蒙留在监牢里做人质,如果皮西厄斯不按

希腊罗马神话传说

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1 The Beginning of the world Before earth and sea and heavens became known the face of nature was one crude, formless mass. Land and sea and air were mingled together. The universe was a uniform darkness, without sun and moon, and the earth was no more than an embryo heap. In the middle of the pervading gloom sat Chaos and his wife, the goddess of Night (Nyx), who reigned but did not rule, for the whole space was lifeless. Centuries later, with the birth of Light and Day, earth and sea and air came into existence. Still later, the union of Gaea (Earth) and Uranus (Heaven) gave birth to the Titans, the Cyclopes and the Centimani, all giants in stature and strength. Afraid that his own gigantic children might usurp his throne, Uranus drove them all back to the earth, and thus roused the resentment of the mother Gaea. At her instigation one of her sons, Kronus (Saturn), attacked and wounded Uranus with a sickle he had taken from his mother, and took over as supreme ruler of the universe. He married his own sister Rhea and entrusted the management of the sun to his brother Hyperion and the moon to his sister Phoebe. He ruled his realm peacefully until an oracle prophesied that he would one day be dethroned by one of his own children. To avert the disaster he took the excessive precaution of swallowing up all his five children one by one immediately after their birth. These were Hestia (Vesta), Demeter (Ceres), Hera (Juno), Poseidon (Neptune) and Hades (Pluto). When Rhea bore the last child, Zeus (Jupiter) by name, Kronus wanted to get rid of him in the same fashion. But the mother wrapped up a piece of stone in the infant’s swathes and handed it over to the unsuspecting father. Thus Zeus was saved, and sent to Mt Ida, where the mountain nymphs did all their power to protect him from any harm. By the time Kronus became aware of the deception it was too late, for young Zeus suddenly appeared before him and easily deposed him. With the help of a nauseous potion, Zeus forced his father to disgorge his five brothers and sisters. But Kronus and his Titans were not reconciled to their defeat. They made war on Zeus and his brothers and sisters. Acting on the advice of his mother Rhea, Zeus released the Cyclopes from under the earth and armed himself of their thunderbolts, for the Cyclopes were thunderbolt-makers. The rebellious Titans were soon reduced to submission and cast down into Tartarus. Zeus became the undisputed ruler on Olympus. He made his sister Hera his queen, and distributed power among his brothers and sisters and his sons and daughters. Among others, Poseidon ruled over the vast expanse of seas and oceans, and Pluto was created lord of the lower world. Thus, for untold centuries, the Olympians reigned supreme in the universe, lording it over man and beast alike, until they were dethroned and superseded by a new, monotheistic faith. 2 The Olympian Gods Between Macedon and Thessaly of northern Greece there stood a lofty mountain range whose cloudy summit rushed into the very heavens. On the culminating point of the range, Mt Olympus, was bathed in bliss and brightness the home of the gods,

希腊神话和英语典故

1.An Apple of Discord争斗之源;不和之因;祸根 An Apple of Discord直译为“纠纷的苹果”,出自荷马史诗Iliad中的希腊神话故事 传说希腊阿耳戈英雄(Argonaut)珀琉斯(Peleus)和爱琴海海神涅柔斯的女儿西蒂斯 (Thetis)在珀利翁山举行婚礼,大摆宴席。 他们邀请了奥林匹斯上(Olympus)的诸神参加喜筵,不知是有意还是无心,惟独没有邀请掌管争执的女神厄里斯(Eris)。这位女神恼羞成怒,决定在这次喜筵上制造不和。于是,她不请自来,并悄悄在筵席上放了一个金苹果,上面镌刻着“属于最美者”几个字。天后赫拉(Hera),智慧女神雅典娜(Athena)、爱与美之神阿芙罗狄蒂(Aphrodite),都自以为最美,应得金苹果,获得“最美者”称号。她们争执不下,闹到众神之父宙斯(Zeus)那里,但宙斯碍于难言之隐,不愿偏袒任何一方,就要她们去找特洛伊的王子帕里斯(Paris)评判。三位女神为了获得金苹果,都各自私许帕里斯以某种好处:赫拉许给他以广袤国土和掌握富饶财宝的权利,雅典娜许以文武全才和胜利的荣誉,阿芙罗狄蒂则许他成为世界上最美艳女子的丈夫。年青的帕里斯在富贵、荣誉和美女之间选择了后者,便把金苹果判给爱与美之神。为此,赫拉和雅典娜怀恨帕里斯,连带也憎恨整个特洛伊人。后来阿芙罗狄蒂为了履行诺言,帮助帕里斯拐走了斯巴达国王墨涅俄斯的王后---绝世美女海伦(Helen),从而引起了历时10年的特洛伊战争。不和女神厄里斯丢下的那个苹果,不仅成了天上3位女神之间不和的根源,而且也成为了人间2个民族之间战争的起因。因此,在英语中产生了an apple of discord这个成语,常用来比喻any subject of disagreement and contention;the root of the trouble;dispute等意义 这个成语最初为公元2世纪时的古罗马历史学家马克·朱里·尤斯丁(Marcus Juninus Justinus)所使用,后来广泛的流传到欧洲许多语言中去,成为了一个国际性成语。 eg: He throwing us an apple of discord,we soon quarrelled again. The dispute about inheriting estate formed an apple of discord between them. This problem seems to be an apple of discord between the Soviet union and the USA. 2.The Heel of Achilles 亦作The Achilles' Heel唯一弱点;薄弱环节;要害 The Heel of Achilles直译是“阿基里斯的脚踵”,是个在欧洲广泛流行的国际性成语。它源自荷马史诗Iliad中的希腊神话故事。 阿基里斯是希腊联军里最英勇善战的骁将,也是荷马史诗Iliad里的主要人物之一。传说他是希腊密耳弥多涅斯人的国王珀琉斯和海神的女儿西蒂斯所生的儿子。阿基里斯瓜瓜坠地以后,母亲想使儿子健壮永生,把他放在火里锻炼,又捏着他的脚踵倒浸在冥河(Styx)圣水里浸泡。因此阿基里斯浑身象钢筋铁骨,刀枪不入,只有脚踵部位被母亲的手捏住,没有沾到冥河圣水,成为他的唯一要害。在特洛伊战争中,阿基里斯骁勇无敌,所向披靡,杀死了特洛伊主将,著名英雄赫克托耳(Hector),而特洛伊的任何武器都无法伤害他的身躯。

希腊罗马神话中的英语词汇

1、Flora:古希腊罗马神话中的花神。她嫁给了西风之神Zephyr,丈夫送给她一座满是奇花异草的园子。春天时,Flora和丈夫Zephyr手挽手在园子里漫步,他们一路走过的地方百花齐放。Flora在现代英语里指代“植物”。衍生词:flower,flour, flourish, floral, florist。 2、Muses(缪斯):希腊神话中掌管艺术的诸神。共九位,分别是历史、抒情诗、喜剧(牧歌、田园诗)、悲剧、歌舞、爱情诗、颂歌、天文、史诗。Muses 的艺术衍生出单词music,Muses收藏艺术品的地方就是museum。艺术带来的快乐便是amuse,amusement。 3、 Pan(潘):牧神和森林之神,受打扰时会大声吼叫。衍生词panic(惊慌,恐慌)。 4、Titan(泰坦):曾统治世界的巨人族的一员。Titan在现代英语里指代高大强壮的人,重要人物。衍生词titanic意指巨大的,极大的。“泰坦尼克号”即以此命名。 5、Zephyrus(泽费罗斯):西风之神。衍生词zephyr(西风,和风,微风)。(张晨????? 2010-04-09 03:13 补充一个 Zephyr 衍生词风雨兰(https://www.360docs.net/doc/3310910122.html,/wiki/Zephyranthes)拉丁化形式Zephyranthes) 6、 Atlas:希腊神话中Titans(泰坦)巨神之一,因背叛Zeus(宙斯)被罚在世界的西边尽头以双肩扛天。16世纪地理学家麦卡脱把Atlas擎天图作为一本地图册的卷首插图。后人争相效仿, atlas从此有了地图、地图集、身负重担的人的含义。其他衍生词:Atlantic。

希腊罗马神话复习材料

以下为名词解释题。 1.Mutilation of Uranus 2.The Horn of Plenty 3.Oedipus Complex 4.Titanomachia 5.Apple of Discord 6.Graces 7.Talos 8.Recreation of Man 9.Pandora’s Jar 10.Between Scylla and Charybdis 以下为连线题。 Hades Eagle Zeus Lion Terpsichore Cerberus Rhea Peacock Calliope God of War Melpomene Epic Poetry Hera Dancing Ares Tragedy Hermes Queen of Underworld Persephone Messenger of Gods Poseidon Cerberus Rhea Lion Demeter God of Sea Artemis Sun Aphrodite Goddess of hunting Apollo Beauty Eros Hearth Hestia Love 以下为简答题。 1.Briefly state the tragedy of Niobe 2.Briefly state the mortal lovers of Zeus as well as their fates respectively. 3.What kinds of hardships does Psyche encounter in order to pursue her love? 4.How does Medea help Jason to get the Golden Fleece? 5.What are the twelve labors of Heracles? 6.Briefly state the pains Leto encountered. 7.List the immortal lovers of Zeus. 8.List the five stages of man and illustrate the main features of each respectively. 9.State the adventuring experience briefly of Persues. 10.State the 12 labors of Heracles. 以下为论述题。

大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习(英文)

希腊罗马神话复习一.单选(课文)10分 二.判断(课文)10分 三.表格(默写)20分

四.名词解释(课后)20分 C1 : It relates to means ambiguous. : It relates to Olympian means that some one is like a god,especially by being calm and not concerned about ordinary things. : It relates to means something connected with war and fighting. : It relates to means a punishment that is deserved and cannot be avoided. :I t relates to means something big ,strong and powerful. C2 :It relates to means someone is elegant and beautiful like Juno.

:It relates to means someone is watchful and alert. satyriasis:It relates to means someone that has an abnormally intense sexual desire in men. :It relates to means having feelings that change suddenly and without warning. C4 1.chaotic:It relates to means messy and disorder. 2.Pandora’s box:It relates to Pandora. It means the root of troubles. 3.Promethean:It relates to means a person who resembles Prometheus. C6 :It relates to means Sensuality, debauchery, and revelry. C7 1.Midas’/ass’s ears:It relates to means A secret that cannot be also menas someone is shallow and uninformed. 2.Midas/the golden touch:It relates to means touching a stone and turning it into gold. 3.cut the Gordian knot:It relates to means solving a complex problem with a bold strike. C8 1.cereal:It relates to means grains. 2.aureole:It relates to means a bright circle of light. C9 ’s boat/ferry:It relates to means some one is going to die. the Styx:It means some one is going to die. C12 1.gain/reap/win(one’s)laurels: It relates to Daphne. It means gaining one’s honors.

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