商务文本翻译的方法和技巧

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商务文本翻译的方法和技巧

在实践中，商务文本的翻译有一定的处理方法和技巧，分别可以概括为转换、颠倒、增补和省略等。

(一)转换

根据语言类型学，汉语属分析型语言，英语属分析综合参半型语言。在语序上汉语和英语均属“主谓宾”语言，但也存在殊异性。转换是指在商务文本的翻译中对语言的词性和表现方法做出改变。由于英语和汉语的表达习惯、句子结构和词汇的搭配关系均有差异，在翻译中往往难以做到词性和表现方法的一致。为了适应译的搭配关系均有差异，在翻译中往往难以做到词性和表现方法的一致。为了适应译文语言的表达习惯和语法规则，在商务文本翻译中必须运用词类和表现方法的转换技巧。

1. 词性的转换

1)动词和名词转换

(1)We regret to inform you that the result of examination was the emergence of disagreement between the shipment and the bill of lading.(遗憾地通知你方，检查的结果是出现了装运的货物与提单不一致的情况。)

(2)美国与德国汽车制造商在欧洲市场竞争得异常激烈，迫使我们不得不改变投资计划。(Extremely keen competition between American and German vehicle manufacturers in the European market has compelled us to change our investment plan.)

(3)The “Events of Default”, as used in this Contract, shall mean the occurrence, from time to time, of any of the following circumstances.(合同中使用的“违约事项”是指发生以下情形。) 分析：本句的“occurrence”本为名词，但在译成汉语时转换成动词更通达。

(4)The establishment of a joint venture in China is subject to examination and approval by the Ministry of Commerce of PRC.(在中国境内设立合营企业，必须经中华人民共和国商务部审批。)

(5)Until the publication or public announcement of a patent application, staff members of the Patent Office and persons involved shall have the duty to keep the contents of the patent application confidential.(在专利申请公布或公告之前，专利局的工作人员及有关人员对其内容负有保密义务。)

(6)绝对不允许合同任何一方有违反合同支付条款的行为。(No violation by either party hereto of any payment clause or clauses can be tolerated.)

(7)卖方声明并保证，卖方将向买方交付完整、准确、有效的系统。该系统能够达到在产品说明与规格中规定的技术指标，并通过成功完成系统验收检测予以证明。(The Seller represents and warrants that it will deliver to the Buyer a complete, correct and valid system, capable of accomplishing the technical targets specified in Product Description and Specification, and proved by successful completion of the Acceptance Test of the System.)

(8)招揽订单时，代理商应将卖方成交条件、合同的一般条款充分通知顾客，也应该告知顾客，任何合同的订立都要由卖方确认。代理商应将其收到的订单立即转交给卖方，供卖方选择是否接受订单。(When soliciting orders, the Agent shall adequately advise customers of the general terms and conditions of the Seller’s sales note or contractual note and that any contract is subject to the

外教一对一https://www.360docs.net/doc/3317737053.html, confirmation of acceptance by the Seller. Agent shall immediately dispatch any order received to the Seller for its acceptance or rejection.)

2)名词和形容词或副词转换

(1)The fair price connected with the superiority of varieties of our products will be able to guarantee our competitive edge in the international market.(我方各类产品价格公平，品质优良，能够确保在国际市场的竞争优势。)

(2)We find difficulty in raising a great number of funds when the government executes the tight money policy.(当政府实行紧缩银根政策时，我们觉得难以筹集大量资金。)

(3)The rights conferred upon the respective parties by the provisions of this Clause are additional to and do not prejudice any other rights the respective parties may have.(本条款的规定赋予各方权利，是对各方可能享有的其他权利的补充，而不是损害。)

(4)The supplier shall ensure that it is the lawful owner of the technology to be proved and that the technology provided is complete, accurate, effective and capable of attaining the technical targets specified in the contract.(供方应保证自己是所提供的技术的合法拥有者，并且保证所提供的技术具有完整性、准确性、有效性，能够达到合同规定目标。)

3)副词和形容词转换

(1)如合同一方实质性违反本合同或其项下的陈述与保证，另一方可终止合同，并向违约方提出索赔。(If either party commits any material breach of this Contract or its representations and warranties, the other party may terminate this Contract and file a claim against the breaching party.)

(2)甲方必须真实、完整地向律师叙述案情、提供证据。在接受委托后，如发现甲方捏造事实、弄虚作假，乙方有权终止代理，依本合同所收费用不予退还。(The statement made and proofs provided by Party A shall be true and complete. Where Party A is founded fabricating fact, Party B is free to terminate this Agreement and retain payment already collected from Party A according to this Agreement.)

(3)Either party shall provide the same care to prevent the other part y’s Confidential Information from disclosure or unauthorized use thereof as it provides to protect its own similar proprietary information.(合同各方应如同保护自己的类似专有信息一样，谨慎行事，以防披露或擅自使用另一方的机密信息。)分析：“proprietary”意为“专有的，独占的”(privately owned or controlled; proprietary technology)，“proprietor”指“所有人、业主、专利权人”(a owner of a business, an invention, etc.)

(4)The China National Offshore Oil Corporation shall have exclusive and overall responsibility for the work of exploiting offshore petroleum resources in the PRC in cooperation with foreign enterprises.(中华人民共和国对外合作开采海洋石油资源的业务，专门由中国海洋石油总公司全面负责。)

(5)甲方在此不可撤销地委托乙方，甲方签署货物交接单据后，立即将货物价款直接支付到供货商的账户。(Party A hereby irrevocably authorizes Party B to make a direct payment for the Goods into the account of the supplier immediately after Party A signs the Delivery Note.)

4)介词转化为动词

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Preference shareholders are entitled to a priority in the assets if the company is wound up.(如果公司被解散，优先股东有优先分得公司资产的权利。)

2. 词义的转换

在一般的情况下做翻译，译者只需按照原文中各个词的词典含义就能准确而地道地把原文翻译成译文。然而，在一些特殊情况下，尽管按照词典含义对等地翻译，但译文还是让人觉得别扭。此时，译者就必须按照译文的表达习惯改变词典含义，用地道的译文用词来表达原文作者的真正含义，这就是词义转换。例如：

(1)Each Party shall have the right to change its legal or authorized representative and shall promptly notify the other Party of such change and the name, position and nationality of its new legal or authorized representative.(双方有权撤换其各自的法定代表人或授权代表，并应将新法定代表人或授权代表的姓名、职位和国籍及时通知另一方。)分析：原文中的“change”的原意为“变化”，但为了符合中文的表达习惯，将它翻译成“撤换”。

(2)The Company may establish branch offices inside China and overseas with the consent of the Board and approval from the relevant governmental authorities.(合营公司经董事会决议并经有关政府机关批准可在国内外成立分支机构。) 分析：原文中“consent”原意为“同意”，但为了中文商务语言的表达习惯，在译文中将其翻译为“决议”。

(3)The purpose of the joint venture shall be to utilize the combined technological, management, operational and marketing strengths of the Parties within the approved scope of business of the Company to achieve good economic results and a return on investment satisfactory to the Parties.(合营公司的宗旨是结合双方在技术、管理、运营及营销方面的优势，在合营公司经批准的经营范围内开展业务，以取得良好的经济效益及令双方满意的投资回报。)分析：原文中“strength”的原意为“实力，力量”，但在译文中，为了符合中文表达习惯的需要，它被翻译为“优势”。

3. 句型的转换

肯定句和否定句的转换。

由于英语和汉语表达思想、遣词造句的方式不同，在翻译时应按照中文的习惯用法决定是否改变表现方法。最为常用的方式是将英语中某些肯定和否定形式的句子在汉译时作句式转换处理。例如：

(1)They were very few, fewer than at the last meeting of the board of directors. The chairman didn’t say much at the meeting, but every word was to the point.(他们没有几个人到会，比董事会上次到会的人还要少。董事长在会上说话不多，但每句话都很中肯。)

(2)It is not rarely that they collect the feedback information of their products directly from the market from all angles.(他们常常从各种角度收集市场直接反馈的产品信息。)

4. 语态的转换

英语惯用被动语态，而汉语则多用主动语态。因此，英译汉时宜按照汉语的表达习惯作改变，这样的改变常见于那些以人的动作和活动为主语、而动作的执行者已被表明或暗示的句子里。例如：

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(1)Everything possible has been done to save their enterprise and to carry on the entire reform of their management and control.(他们已采取了一切可能的措施，以便挽救他们的企业，并对他们的经营管理进行彻底的改革。)

(2)Confidential Information must be kept by the receiving Party in a secure place with access only to both Parties employees or agents.(机密信息的接受方必须将其存放在安全地方，仅限合同双方雇员、代理人知晓。)

(3)This Contract shall be signed in four (4) counterparts and all such counterparts shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.(本合同签署本一式四份，视为共同构成同一份文件。)

(4)如果一方因不可抗力而无法履行其合同义务，该义务的履行时间应延长，延长的时间应当与该不可抗力事件导致的延误时间相等。(Where one Party is prevented from performing any of its contractual obligations due to an event of force majeure, the time for performing such obligations shall be extended by a period equal to the period of delay caused by such event of force majeure.)

(5)三名仲裁员应在收到中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会仲裁员名册后30天内，按照其仲裁规则规定的程序选定。(The three arbitrators shall be selected within thirty (30) days after receiving the arbitrators list delivered by CIETAC pursuant to procedures prescribed by CIETAC’s arbitration rules.)

商务信函的翻译-(介绍给学生)

商务信函的翻译知识目标：1. 了解商务信函的构成要素。 2. 认知商务信函的语言特点及翻译技巧。 3. 熟知商务英语的特点及翻译原则。能力目标： 1. 能够正确翻译商务信函常用词汇和句型。 2. 能够借助相关知识熟练地翻译各类商务信函。 2. 能够根据相关要求撰写中英文商务信函。 I. 商务信函的定义与功能人们互相联系，彼此交往、交流思想、沟通信息、洽谈事物所使用的一种应用文。 ——黎运汉《商务语言教程》（暨南大学出版社，2005年6月）Business correspondence is the letter which is used for delivering information and handle business affairs，contacting with each other in daily communication. The often-used business correspondence mainly include negotiation letter, inquiry letter, counter offer, request letter inform letter and contact letter. 商务函电是指在日常的商务往来中用以传递信息、处理商务事宜以及联络和沟通关系的信函、电讯文书。常用的商务信函主要有商洽函、询问函、答复函、请求函、告知函和联系函等。商务信函（business letters）涉及商务活动的各个环节，贯穿商务活动的始终，内容广泛，是商务活动中书面交流信息的主要手段之一，是企业对外公共宣传关系中重要的手段，对于树立良好的公司形象有着极为重要的意义。不仅是用来沟通的媒介，还可以有效地取代面对面的登门拜访，建构和维系彼此间的友谊，吸引与争取客户，以及为公司塑造良好的形象。 ——许建忠《工商企业翻译实务》（中国对外翻译出版公司，2002） II.商务信函的特点（1）格式程式化。商务信函的内容由上述部分组成，地址及其他各部分的排列及位置等都有严格的规范要求。在格式上有缩行式、平头式和混合式。（2）内容比较简明。一方面直入主题，开门见山，避免寒暄的客套，就事论事；另一方面，长话短说，行文简短，避免重复。（3）语言准确，且富于格式化的套语和专业词汇。(语言特点) 商业信函对重要的信息强调完整具体，尤其是涉及双方的利益和责任的内容。注意句子语法结构、逻辑结构、谦辞甚至是标点符号的准确性。商务信函属于比较拘谨正式的公文体，行文端正、用字洗练，一般遵守商务英语的写作原则，即七“C”原则：正确（correctness）、简练（conciseness）、清楚（clearness）、完整（completeness）、具体（concreteness）、礼貌（courtesy）、体谅（consideration）。具体来讲，有以下几方面内容。一、在语气上，要以收函人为中心，礼貌而且友好。虽然写信者必须陈述自己的观点、立场，但语气常显得很考虑对方，很尊敬对方，所以会经常使用一些第一、二人称的代词，诸如I 、We、You等；尽量多用一些直接和肯定的语气而避免使用否定句等，这都体现了其语言追求礼貌、尊敬的特点。例如： “We are enclosing a brochure outlining our company’s goods available for export.”就要比“Enclosed is a brochure outlining this company’s goods available for export.”显得亲切、有礼貌；“Please let us know...”也胜过“You fail to tell us...”。二、在选词上力求准确清楚，避免陈词、长词及词义重复。商务英语可谓字字千金，必须准确清楚地表达所要传递的信息，谨慎使用夸张、比喻等手法，尽量避免使用模棱两可的词语，以免产生不必要的争议，因为商务信函通常用来作为确定有关当事人权利和义务的依据。例如：“We regret to advise you that we can not accept your offer.” 就应该改为：“We are sorry to tell you

商务翻译实践文本1.doc

“No innovation can replace direct discussions” From Fortune, July 26, 2004 That’s what Samsung CEO Jong-Yong Yun, whose company prizes technology, says about understanding local markets. Going global has always been a tricky business. For many people, the emergence of a global economy has meant unprecedented wealth and unparalleled access to goods and services. A cosmetics brand born in Tennessee can become wildly popular in Shanghai. For those in business, however, globalization has brought unrelenting change and fierce competition. To find out how the best companies manage in a world that’s getting smaller and more complicated, we asked two CEOs of Fortune Global 500 companies how they’ve stayed on the top of the game. Whether based in Europe, the US, or Asia, they’ve successfully managed global businesses in everything from refrigerators to fragrances. Here’s what they had to say. Lindsay Owen-Jones L’Oreal CEO since 1988 ON WHAT MAKES A GLOBAL BRAND: Ultimately it is a question of imagination and intuition in equal parts. It is intuition (when one asks) what do these brands have that just might seduce the world? But also in terms of imagination, what could they become to seduce the world? It took imagination to think that a nice, homey, very basic, user-friendly, popular, and cheap but really not sophisticated make-up line called Maybelline made in Memphis could become the hottest thing for young women in Shanghai. That is why this business is always looking for candidates who not only have basic business disciplines but also an ability to dream. We call them, in French, poets et paysans. ON RESEARCHING MARKETS: We try to do a major market visit every month. Since the beginning of the year we’ve been to the US, Japan, R ussia, Germany, and Brazil. Typically, the first day we will spend just visiting stores. That is an opportunity not just to look at the stores but to look at what women are wearing and what they’ve got in their shopping carts. You look at them buying all kinds of other things, not just our products. I usually like to have a quick look at the clothes department if it is a department store. Or perhaps cereal or instant coffee if I’m in a supermarket. ON BEAUTY: Understanding what women want anywhere, including your home country, is a major challenge, especially in something as personal as beauty. People do not talk honestly of their aspirations. You knock on the door and say, “Do you have a secret aspiration to be a chic French woman?”-they would laugh you out of the door. The key words I would use are observation, cultural understanding, empathy, and intuition. These are probably more important than the traditional scientific marketing-research approaches. I think we are helped by our European heritage. Cultural diversity is an everyday factor of differences. Our success in the US has been heightened by our understanding and awareness of ethnic differences. Every new country you are successful in gives you an added dimension of understanding how the world is different. ON SETTING AN EXAMPLE: When you have spent a day tramping from morning to evening, and from store to store, eating sandwiches in a minibus as you go from one place to another, you are sending an unwritten message to teams everywhere in the world that the CEO is doing the same thing he expects them to do- which is for all of us to avoid (living) in some sort of ivory tower and to listen to our customers.

商务英语翻译：商务英语五大实用翻译技巧

商务英语翻译：商务英语五大实用翻译技巧商务英语是为国际商务活动这一特定的专业学科服务的专门用途英语，所涉及的专业范围很广，并具有独特的语言现象和表现内容、文体复杂。商务英语翻译要求翻译者具备丰富的商务理论和商务实践知识，为了提高翻译质量，翻译者必须具备一定的自身条件：第一，翻译者的汉语功底要好很多人容易忽视这一点，认为汉语是自己的母语，应付翻译中的问题应该是绰绰有余的。然而，在真正的翻译过程中，常常为了一个词语或者一个句型，冥思苦想了半天也得不到一个满意的结果。由此可见，汉语表达能力和对汉语理解能力的大小直接影响翻译的好坏。下功夫学好汉语，打好汉语基础对于翻译是十分重要的。第二，英语语言能力要强全面的语法知识和大量的词汇量缺一不可。如果只有大量的词汇量，而没有较好的英语语法知识，翻译过程中译者的理解肯定是错误百出，牛头不对马嘴。因此，我们要提高在英汉翻译中对于英文句子理解的准确性及汉英翻译中英文表达的准确性。第三，知识面要广商务英语翻译中要很好的做到这一点，就要掌握商务理论和贸易实务等理论知识及贸易实践经验。同时译者还要具有丰富的百科知识，对天文地理、古今中外不说通晓，至少也要了解其中的一些基本知识。没有一定的常识，即使语言水平再高，也是难以胜任翻译工作的。

以下介绍的是商务英语中主要的五大实用翻译技巧：一、一词多义同一个词，由于语境不同，其词义可千差万别。例： 1、They cannot obtain credit at all in the trade. 他们生意信誉已荡然无存。 2、They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China,London. 他们已从伦敦中国银行开立了有关信用证。同一个词credit，而在不同的语境中，意思大有不同。二、词类转译词类转译是国际商务翻译中常见的译词技巧。常见的有名词与动词、介词与动词的互相转译。例： 1、Before the payment of these tariffs, the imported goods will bein the custody of the customs. 交关税前，进口货物由海关保管。( 由于语法限制，只有用名词形式，但译成汉语时，”payment”译作“交”) 2 、We should advise you to get in touch with them for your requirements. 建议你方与他们取得联系，洽购所需商品。三、词义引伸

商务文本翻译尺度的探讨

[收稿日期]2003206217 [作者简介]彭　萍(19-),女,北京外国语大学讲师,北京大学英语系博士研究生,研究方向:翻译学与中西文化比较。 A pp lied P hy sics A :M aterials S cience &P rocessing ,V o lum e 77,N um ber 1 June 2003. A pp lied P hy sics B :L asers and Op tics ,V o lum e 76,N um ber 4 A p ril 2003.E ng ineering w ith Co m p u ters ,V o lum e 18,N um ber 4 N ovem ber 27,2002. B asic R esearch in Card iology ,V o lum e 98,N um ber 3 M ay 2003. A Co m par ison between Ch i nese and Fore ign Sc ien tif ic and Techn ica l Per iod ica ls ——V o ice D istribu ti on and F ron t 2W eigh t Sen tence’s U se F requency H E R u i 2qing (Fo reign L anguages Co llege ,Zhanjiang O cean U niversity ,Zhanjiang ,Guangdong 524088,Ch ina ) [Abstract ]T he statistics of vo ice distributi on and front 2w eigh t sentence’s use frequency from English abstracts in Ch inese and fo reign scientific and technical peri odicals indicate that Ch inese autho rs use passive vo ice and front 2w eigh t sentence mo re fre 2quently than fo reign autho rs ,particularly tho se from English 2speak ing countries .T h is is because quite m any dom estic au 2tho rs equate scientific and technical docum ents in English w ith English abstracts in scientific and technical peri odicals ,un 2aw are of the latter’s uniqueness in structure ;blindly believe that the effectiveness of passive vo ice is universal ;m istake do 2m estic standard fo r internati onal standard ;do no t stick to the standard abstract structure .T he info r m ati on structure theo ry and the statistics p rove that front 2w eigh t sentence is undesirable . [Key words ]scientific and technical peri odicals ;English abstracts ;vo ice distributi on ;front 2w eigh t sentence ;info r m ati on structure 上海科技翻译 S hang hai J ou rnal of T ranslators f or S cience and T echnology 2004N o .1 商务文本翻译尺度的探讨彭　萍　(北京外国语大学国际商学院,北京100089) [摘要]本文认为,对商务文本的翻译来说,中外翻译史上的翻译标准大多数显得笼统,根据商务文本本身的特点、翻译的目的和译文的读者层,作者认为商务文本翻译的具体尺度应该是意思准确,术语规范,语气贴切。 [关键词]商务文本;翻译尺度[中图分类号]H 315.9 [文献标识码]B [文章编号]100026141(2004)0120019204 在讨论商务文本的翻译尺度之前,我们首先来回顾一下国内外对翻译标准的探讨,看这些标准是否能真正指导商务翻译实践。对翻译标准问题的探讨历来是中外翻译界的热点问题。在我国,翻译标准一直是翻译理论界讨论的焦点问题。比如支谦的“循本旨,不加文饰”,道安的“尽从实录,不令有损言游字”,玄奘的“既须求真,又须喻俗”,这些有关翻译的观点都是他们在翻译佛经过程中的一些主张。后来又出现了严复的“信”、“达”、“雅”之说,傅雷的“神似”说,钱钟书的“化境”说,而这些标准是针对文学翻译而言的。在西方,泰特勒(T ytler )认为翻译应该保存原作的思想、风格和手法以及原作的通顺,现代的翻译标准有奈达的 “动态对等”(dynam ic equ ivalence )和后来的“功能对等” (functi onal equ ivalence )和苏联费道罗夫的“等值论”。①这些标准,实际上仍然离不开“忠实”二字。如果用以上这些标准来指导商务文本的翻译,似乎显得过于笼统。笔者认为翻译的问题应该具体问题具体分析,因为具体的翻译受到翻译的性质、翻译的目的以及不同读者群的制约。②所以我们不妨具体来考察一下商务文本的翻译尺度问题。就翻译的功能而言,具体表现在模拟信息、揭示思维模式、满足人们的审美娱乐感、丰富译入语及缩 ? 91?

商务英语翻译技巧

商务英语翻译技巧摘要商务英语(Business English)是一种含有商务理论和实用商务的理论。在经济信息日益发达的现代社会，随着国际贸易的发展，商务英语翻译的作用越来越明显。本文，大致分为五个部分对商务英语翻译技巧进行分析。文章第一部分概括了商务英语以及商务英语翻译；第二部分分别从商务英语的文体特征、语言特点对其进行分析；之后三个部分分别介绍了翻译的方法和翻译的原则。最后进行总结。得出商务英语的翻译机巧和方法。关键字：商务英语；翻译技巧；特点；文体特征前言商务英语是以国际间的商务往来为基础的语言交流，商务英语包括的范围比较广，例如：金融方面的英语、贸易英语、还有一些专业的英语等。这也说明了商务英语所涉及的范围比较广泛，涉及各行各业，这也就决定了从事商务英语翻译的人不仅仅需要有扎实的英语基本功，还有对其他方面的英语进行了解，这样一来才能使交易双方能够更好地沟通，完成交易。现如今，整个世界融为了一个整体，各个国家之间的贸易往来逐渐丰富，目前在国际间最通用的就是英语。商务英语要求翻译者更加的精确、对等，因为商务英语中会涉及到很多文件、条款等信息，所以必须要精确。只有这样才能达到双方活动的顺利进行。尤其在我国，中西方文化差异较大，更应该注意这方面的问题。一字之差就容易铸成大错。所以，做好商务英语的翻译工作尤为重要。本文针对这一问题展开讨论，分析了商务英语的翻译技巧。商务英语及商务英语翻译的概括商务英语涉及范围很广,包括的种类也十分多。大部分跟国际商务活动有关的例如：国际贸易、会计、金融等方面所用到的英语都属于商务英语的范围。它涉及的领域主要包括对外贸易、招商引资、国际旅游、海外投资以及国际运输等方面。除了领域广泛之外,它还包括许多专业的英语例如：广告英语、法律英语、应用文英语、包装英语等。因此，伴随着国际贸易的范围不断的扩大，越来越多的人，开始加入到翻译的这一事业之中。对商务英语的翻译,在很长时间以来备受关注,商务英语翻译工作也是一项十分复杂的工作,由于其用途的广泛性和特殊要性,就决定了商务英语的翻译工作不能仅仅局限于传统的翻译中务词汇和具有较好的商务语法基础,这些是一个翻译者应该具备的原则和技巧,不能仅仅依靠“信、达、雅”的翻译要求来完成商务英语的翻译工作,必须依照商务文件的愿意,把它翻译的既能清楚的表达意义,又能够符合商务双方的语言习惯。在翻译的过程中一定要从实际情况出发,做到具体问题具体分析。商务英语的特点 2.1商务英语的文体特征 2.1.1思维具有逻辑性，朴实无华正式体英语的从句层次复杂，句子长度通常高于非正式英语。长句分词、独立主格结构的频繁使用是书面语体的典型特征，它们适合于表达多层次的复杂的逻辑关系，可以充分完整地表达相互关联的意义，这种效果是短句无法达到的。由于商务函电常要表示某些条款相互成立、互为条件，或对某些一连串的具有因果关系的事件进行叙述，因此，这种语体就非常适合这种要求。例如： The work hereof shall be commenced in compliance with the construction work of Party A’s plant, and shall be completed within thirty days after the complet ion of Party A’s plant including the completion of inner part of the plant when the plant be in the condition that trial run for air conditioning mechanism is possible.

商务函电翻译的用词技巧

. 商务函电翻译的用词技巧Business letters translation skills for using words

目录摘要 (3) Abstract (4) 一、商务函电的现实意义 (5) 二、商务函电的特点 (5) （一）文体特点 (6) 1.词汇使用特点 (6) 2.语法使用特点 (9) 3.虚拟语气的使用 (11) （二）语言特点 (11) （三）翻译特点 (12) 1.词语方面 (12) 2.句子方面 (13) 三、商务函电的翻译技巧 (14) 参考文献： (18)

摘要商务英语函电是国际贸易活动的最要载体，涉及到建立业务关系、询盘、报盘、还盘、保险、包装、运输、赔偿、信用证付款及其他付款方式等国际实务贸易的各个环节中的多种情况和不同问题的处理。如果函电译文出现错误，定会引起双方的误解从而造成贸易的失败，而一篇好的译文则可以使贸易很好地完成，使双方获益。关键词：商务英语函电翻译用词技巧

Abstract Business English Letters are international trade activities to the carrier, involving establishing business relations, enquiry, offer, counter-offer, insurance, packing, shipment, insurance, payment by L/C and other payment methods for dealing with the international trade practice every link of many kinds of conditions and different issues. The wrong letters will cause the misunderstanding of the both sides and the failure of the trade , and a good translation can make trade perform well, make both parties benefit. Keywords: Business English letters translation words skills

商务英语翻译技巧整理

一.翻译原则 1.忠实原则,即信息对等而不是语意对等 Eg.每年的两届交易会,把全国几乎所有的外贸公司和出口商品集中起来,统一到广州展出,成交,减少了我们到国外推销的支出,外商也可以只派少数人到会选购,不必花大人力到我各口岸寻找生意,节省了买卖双方的费用,深受国外经营各种商品的中小客商的欢迎. The biannual Guangzhou Fair is attended by almost all foreign trade companies in China and presents a great number of export commodities to buyers from abroad. Many transactions are concluded at the fair. As sellers and buyers can all gather in one place to conduct trade talks, the fair apparently saves them a great deal of time and money. This explains why the Guangzhou Fair has long been popular among overseas traders. 2. 准确原则---选词准确,概念表达准确,数码单位准确. 如: 保税区≠Free trade zone 保税仓库≠Tarriff-free warehouse Eg.客商从开发区企业分得的利润汇出境外时,免征所得税. Profits gained by the investors and businessmen from the Development Zone terprises will be exempted from tax when remitted out of China. Eg.如贵方能将尿素报价降至每吨1200美元,我们可以订购150至180吨. If you can reduce your price of Urea to 1,200 dollars per ton, we may consider placing an order of 150-180 tons. 3.统一原则译名,概念,术语应始终保持统一,不能随意改变译名. 如:基本建设≠basic construction 基本价格≠basic price 4.文化融入 A.注意文化因素---了解中西方文化差异 1)思维方式的不同中国文化重权威与历史,西方重现实与事实---偏实用. 中国文化重整体,西方偏分析性思维 2) 语言的不同中国语言重修饰,偏笼统与含糊,西方语言重具体和准确. 谦辞在许多场合被采用,体现了中国文化背景下语用特征之一.

商务信函文体特点及其翻译策略

龙源期刊网 https://www.360docs.net/doc/3317737053.html, 商务信函文体特点及其翻译策略作者：俞萍来源：《山东青年》2017年第03期摘要：英语商务信函作为贸易双方进行商务交流、信息传递的重要工具之一，对外贸活动是成功与否有着重要作用。如果商务信函的翻译出现偏差，很容易导致贸易双方在沟通中产生误解、发生摩擦、甚至是交易失败。英语商务信函翻译的重要性由此可见。本文通过对商务信函的文体特点进行分析，以请求支付函和投诉索赔函中的词句为例，探讨商务信函的翻译策略与技巧，希望能够为以后的商务信函翻译者提供一些借鉴。关键词：英语商务信函；外贸活动；翻译策略与技巧 1. 商务信函的文体特点就文体而言，商务信函属于公文文体。公文文体最突出的特点在于：它是书面文字，口气严肃正式，而且不流露个人倾向。力求稳妥。因此，文字上需要严密、准确、措辞要得当。“一篇好的商务信函，应该长短适中、礼貌得体、周到清晰。因此，商务西汉应该使用正式的语言，用词力求准确、简洁、庄重，语法准确，所涉及的数字应该精确无误，遵守商务信函的固定程式，使用信函的套语，讲求规格。同时，还要把握语气，做到礼貌文雅又不失自尊。”（房玉清、刘海燕，2012）由于公函往来多属磋商、咨询公务，往往涉及愿望、允诺、赞许、建议、催促、询问、拒绝、或谴责等，情态比较丰富，但在表达上一般都比较婉转，尽力保持公事公办。 2. 商务信函的翻译 2.1 语气的翻译在商务信函中，通常应表现出礼貌、友善的态度，以对方为中心的态度，多使用“appreciate，hope，wish，trust， delighted， sorry，regret”等等词语来表达各种语气和情感。翻译时，要把他们译成汉语中相应的语气词如“请、感谢、希望、期待、相信、高兴、抱歉、遗憾等。商务英语信函中多使用一些表意的标记语，如：“we are delighted to”（我们很高兴），“we understand”（我们理解），“we regret”（我们抱歉），“we trust/we are convinced/we have much confidence”（我们相信），“we suggest/recommend”（我们建议）等。这些礼貌的用语，能表达出恰当的语气。翻译时，要把他们译成汉语中相应的语气词如“请、感谢、希望、期待、相信、高兴、抱歉、遗憾等等。例（1） We are extremely appreciate of your friendly advice. 译：我们非常感谢你们友好的劝告。

商务文本的翻译

商业广告的翻译策略及语言功能简述商务文本包括商务广告，商业信函，商务合同、协议，经济贸易评论，招商通告，请柬和说明书等文本形式。不同的商务文本应有不同的，具体的翻译标准。根据Nord的观点, 翻译要按照文体功能而确定不同的翻译方法。对于传达信息和祈使命令的文本，应采用交际翻译方法，保证交际的完成。商业广告的主要功能在于它的劝说功能，即号召读者接受广告所宣传的商品或服务。因此，商务广告的翻译，要做到译文和原文劝购功能相似，保证译文在目标读者中起到和原文读者同样的作用，产生相同的宣传效果，具有相同的信息传递功能和移情感召功能。所以，作为一种与众不同的文体，商业广告的语言短小精悍而具有很强的诱惑力，因此应采用灵活的翻译策略和方法，概述如下：一，直译法。即把原来的语法结构转化为最近似的对应结构，词汇一一对应。例如，winning the heart of the world. (Air France)赢取天下心。将法国航空公司的广告采取直译法，译语地道，精确，易懂，在意义和形式上对等。二，意译法。即只保留原文的内容，译文的形式可以和原文的不同。这种方法比较灵活自由。例如：Intelligence everywhere.智慧演绎，无处不在（摩托罗拉手机）。这种翻译方法改变了原文的句式，把原文中两个单词用汉语中的两句话表达了出来，而且对原文也有解释作用。译后的语言效果甚至比原文还要出色。

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