楂树腑鑻辫

榜首单元知识点

1.abstract

1)adj.深奥的，抽象的e.g. Beauty is abstract but a house is not.

2)v. 提炼，抽取；概括，写摘要e.g. Rubber is abstractedfrom trees.

e.g. He is abstracting a story for a book review他. 在为一篇评论编撰故事摘要。

3）n. an abstract of a lecture一个讲演的摘要

2 .Would you rather have Chinese or Western-style paintings in your home?

would rather do sth情愿做, e.g. I would rather stay at home today. would rather

sb dosth情愿sb做, e.g. I would rather you came here tomorrow.

would rather do sth than do sth = would do sth rather than do sth

= prefer to do sth rather than do sth= prefer doing sth to doing sth

e.g. I would rather go with you than stay here.= I would go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer to go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer going with you to staying here.

3.faith n. 信赖,崇奉

break one's faith with sb. 对或人不守信用 keep faith with 忠于崇奉; 守信

have faith in 信赖, 信赖 lose faith in 不再信赖 in good faith 老实地；诚实地

e.g. I kept faith with him.我信守了对他的许诺。

He who loses faith, loses all失. 去决心的人 , 失掉一切。

faithful adj. 忠实的，牢靠的 be faithful to, 对, 忠实

4.consequentlaydv. 所以，因而

e.g. Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. consequent adj.作为成果的 ,随之产生的 consequence n.成果

as a consequence/result = in consequen a c s e a consequence/result of = because of

e.g. She was found guilty, and lost her job in consequence (of it).

5.aim

A．1) n. 目标(C)e.g. What is your aim in life? 你生活的目的是什么?

without aim 无意图的/ 无方针的 achieve one’s aim到达方针

miss one’s aim 打不中方针

(U) 对准, 瞄准take aim at e.g. The hunter took aim at the lion.

2）v. (以枪等) 对准,瞄准aim at aim at the target=take aim at the targe瞄t 准靶子

e.g. He aimed his gun at the tiger, fired but missed it.

aimless a.无方针的，无意图的 She led an aimless life.

B. 方案,方案, 以, 为方针 , 立志做,

aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准, 力求做到 ,力求到达

e.g. Harry aims at becoming a doctor./Harry aims to become a doctor.

6.evident adj. 理解的, 显着的

e.g. The applause made it evident that the play was a hit.

It is evident (obvious) (to sb) that, e.g. It's evident that you are tired.

n. evidence 证据;证明in evidence = evident 明显的

7.realistic实际主义的 ,传神的,实际的

in a more realistic way 以一种更传神的方式

realism 实际主义 realist实际主义者 real adj. 真的 realize v. 完结

8. adopt vt.

1).采取;采纳;吸收

e.g. After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion.

2).过继,收养[(+as)] e.g. Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son.

3).正式通过,接受e.g. The agenda was adopted after some discussion.

adopted adj. 被收养的，被选用的 an adopted child

9.possess用作动词时，不能用于进行时。

1）“有，具有” e.g. The library possesses a number of the arti’sst early works.

2）“具有 , 的特质” be possessed of sth意为“具有某种质量或特征”

3）“分配，操控” e.g. He was possessed by the desire to be rich.

possession【c】产业，一切物（常用复数） personal possessions个人产业

e.g. The ring is one of her most valuable possessions.

【u】占有，具有

Take/get/have/gain possession o占f领，夺取in possession o(f表主动）占

in the possession of=in on’sepossessio（n表被迫） , 被占有〃

e.g. He is in ~ of the house.他具有这套房子。

The house is in the ~ of him.这套房子在他的占有之下。

10. convincevt.“使坚信；使服气”

convince sb. to do sth.说. 服或人做,

convince sb of sthconvince sb+ th从at句使某人确信某事

e.g. He convinced me of his sincerity.他使我坚信他的真挚。

I was convinced that he was sincere.

sb. be convinced of sth sb. be convinced tha?t 或人坚信。。。

11.attempt v.测验，妄图, 尽力去履行或完结

attempt doing重复测验做 attempt to do妄图做

attempt to do/doing = try to do/doing

e.g. I attempted to speak but was told to be quiet.

n. 1) 企图或努力2)袭击；攻击

an attempt on someone's life对或人生命的进犯

make an attempt to do sth /at doing sth测验做,

at one’s attempt 在,测验下 one’s first attempt 初度测验

e.g. She made an attempt to cook the dinner她.试着做这顿饭。

12.on the other hand另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与on one hand连用。

On one hand, on the other hand一方面另, 一方面

e.g. This job is not well paid, but on the other hand, I don’t have to work long hours. On one hand, I need a computer, but on the other hand, I do’tnhave enough money.

at hand在手边，在邻近 by hand用手的，手艺的

go hand in hand with与, 共同举动

13.figure

1) 外形;体形;人影e.g. I saw a figure in the darkness.

2) 体态;风姿e.g. She has a slender figure.

3)人物;名人e.g. He has become a figure known to everyone.

4) 数字e.g. Where did you get those figures?

14.1)aggressiv a e dj. 敢作敢为的;有闯劲的;侵略性的;好斗的

e.g. He is very aggressive.他生性好斗。

an aggressive salesman一干劲很大的售货员aggressive weapons 进犯性兵器

2)aggressively adv. 气势汹汹地3)aggression n侵. 略（行动）aggressor n.侵略者

15.in the flesh活生生，自己，亲身 flesh n .肌肉;肉

e.g. Have you ever seen Jay Chou in the flesh你?见过周杰伦本人吗？

flesh and blood肉体，血肉之躯e.g. Though he is a hero, he is still flesh and blood.

lose flesh瘦身 gain/put on flesh增肥 flesh-eating食肉的

16.preference

1)更加的喜爱,偏爱[U][C][(+for)]

e.g. A window seat is my preference我. 喜爱靠窗的座位。

2)偏爱的事物(或人)[C] e.g. Which is your preference, tea or coffee?

3)偏袒[U][(+for)]

e.g. Parents should no s t how preference for any one of their children.

4)优先(权);优惠权[U][C] in preference to 优先于have a preference for偏爱

e.g. I have a preference for classic music.

I’d choose the small car in preference to the larger one.

17.appeal vi.

1)呼吁,恳求appeal to sb for sth. e.g. He appealed to me for help.

2)诉诸,求助[(+to)] e.g. We will appeal to a variety of sources of information. 3) 有吸引力,迎

合爱好[(+to)] e.g. The idea appealed to Mary.

4)【律】上诉[(+to/against)]

e.g. He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.

18.reputation n. 名誉,名声[(+for)]

e.g. The store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.

Cheating at the game ruined that playe’sr reputation.

live up to one’s reputation不负盛名 lose one’s reputation失掉盛名

win a high reputation 赢得很高的名誉

19.more than＋名词意为“不仅仅”

e.g. Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too.

1) more than+数词，意为“超过”相当于over，其反义词组为less than。e.g. There

are more than two hundred people in the park.

2)“more than＋形容词/副词”是“很”或“非常”的意思。

e.g. I am more than content with what you said.我对你的说话十分满足。

3) 在“more ... than ...”结构中，肯定“more”后面的内容而否定“than”后面的部分，常译为“是, 而不是, ”或“与其说, 不如说, ”。

e.g. Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened.

听到这巨大的动静，男孩与其说是惧怕不如说是感到很惊奇。 20.contemporary

1)adj.当代的;同时代的;同年龄的

e.g. His lecture is on contemporary American novelists.

He has furniture of contemporary style. b e contemporary

with 与, 同时代

e.g. Was Jonson contemporary with Shakespeare琼? 森是否与莎士比亚同辈?

2)n. [C] 同时代的人,同年龄的人；同时期的东西；当代人,现代人

e.g. He was looked down upon by his contemporaries.他被他的同时代的人看不起。

1. You have to be ________. Anybody like you without any ______ experience is not likelyto be given a big salary even if you graduate from a famous university. .

A. true; realistic

B. realistic; practical

C. practical; realistic

D. real; realistic

2. Sculptures are something ______ but the concepts they demonstrate are _______, which

takes wisdom to understand

A. real; subtract

B.concrete; abstract

C. realistic; subscribe

D. specific; conventional

3. Have faith ______ yourself, be faithful _______your work and make every effort you can

and then you are not far away from success.

A. of; of

B. in; in

C. to; in

D. in; to

4. Plowing the field is the ______ means to grow crops in China, typical _____ the Chinese

farming for thousands of years.

A. controversial; with

B. traditional; in

C. conventional; of

D. contemporary; to

5. Strict measures have to be ______ to protect______ children from family abuses.

A. adapted; adopted

B. adopted; adopted

C. adjusted; adjusted

D. attached; adopted

6. Students are given a lot of exercises to do, _______ to improve their grades.

A. aimed

B. aiming

C. to be aimed

D. to aim

7. Nobody knows for sure who possessedthe ancient flower vase. In other words, nobodyknows for sure who is ______ of the flower vase.

A. in possession

B. in the possession

C. of the possession

D. with possession

8. The story is totally made up. If _______ it happens to be ______ anyone’s experience, we

are here to apologize.

A. by coincidence; similar to

B. by accident; in coincidence with

C. by chance; by coincidence with

D. X; in coincidence to

9. Whether euthanasia安( 乐死) should be made legal has been ________ in the law circle for

many years.

A. conventional

B. controversial

C. potential

D. experimental

10. It is ridiculous of you to be afraid of your own ______, which follows everywhere you go

when there is light.

A. shade

B. shadow

C. figure

D. sculpture

11. I have heard of the famous scholar thousands of times but hav’et nseen him _______.

A. in the flesh

B. in personal

C. in flesh

D. in private

12. All visitors were amazed at the skills and ______ the artist ______ when carving the

figure on the marble

A. technologies; showed

B. techniques; displayed

C. technology; made

D. technique; displayed

13. In such a ______ situation, we have to be careful of what we say and what we do.

A. delicate

B. fragile

C. weak

D. flexible

14. It _______ a superb mind to predict what will exactly happen in the future.

A. takes

B. costs

C. spends

D. makes

15. It still remains a mystery why some people are _______ certain flower fragrance while

others are not.

A. allergic to

B. accustomed to

C. addicted to

D. appealing to

16. Egypt ______ a high reputation of ancient civilization across the world

A. likes

B. appreciates

C. enjoys

D. is fond of

17. _______ of time and energy has been spent in making the earthquake-stricken areas apermanent museum to remind people how disastrous a natural disaster can be.

A. Large quantities

B. A great deal

C. A good many

D. A plenty

18. The girl ______ to figure out what the boy ’s attempt was _____ by giving her a bunch of

roses but without success .

A. managed; X

B. succeeded; on

C. attempted; at

D. tried; on

19. Visual teaching aids _______ to students and help them learn better but ______ they

should not be overused in class.

A. attract; on the other hand

B. appeal; on the other hand

C. hold interest; on other hand

D. are interested; on one hand

20. ________ exhibits made of clay on exhibition have to be taken special care of _____ themfrom being damaged .

A. Delicate; preventing

B. Fragile; to stop

C. Weak; to keep

D. Faint; keeping

21. The old man enjoys collecting signatures of cotemporary famous people _______ famous

paintings.

A. with preference of

B. in preference to

C. in preference for

D. with preference to

22. The district committee ______ having a big headache in ______ with the aggressive boyswho make trouble now and then in the area.

A. is; dealing

B. are; dealing

C. is; doing

D. are; doing

23. Please give us a _______ explanation ______ why you have done so ______ in geometry

in school.

A. specific; to; well

B. concrete; for; good

C. general; to; wonderful

D. specific; to; good

24. ---I hear there is an art gallery around here and could you tell me how to get to it, sir?

---It is ______207 on the Fifth Avenue. Walk down this street and you ______.

A. on; can’t miss it

B. at; can’t avoid it

C. on; can’t escape

D. at; can’t miss it

25. Students are burdened with too much exercises, _______ their school grade.

A. aiming to improve

B. aiming at improving

C. aimed to improve

D. aimed to improving

虚拟口气

一、根本意义：虚拟口气标明说话人所说的话不是现实，而是一种假定、希望、置疑

或估测。虚拟口气经过谓语动词的特别方式来标明。

二、用法：

（一）用于非实在条件句

1. 条件句：

1）实在条件句指假定的状况有可能产生的条件句，用陈说口气。

2）非实在条件句指假定的状况是曩昔或约束都不存在的，或将来也不大可能产生的，

用虚拟口气

2. if 条件句的主句和从句的谓语动词方式如下：

if 条件句主句例句

与现在事If I were you, I would take an umbrella. (我不是你)

动词过去式(be 用were)

实相反would/could/ If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. (我不知道)

与将来事实相反动词过去式(be 用were) If he came/ should come/ were to come here tomorrow, I

should/might

should + V 原+V 原should/ would talk to him. (他来的可能性很小) were to + V原

【学以致用】

（2012 湖南高考）Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go for an

outing with you.

A. have had

B. had had

C. have

D. Had

（二）用于宾语从句

1. 动词 wish后的宾语从句用虚拟口气

wish 后的宾语从句中谓语的方式例句

与现在事实相反的愿望动词的过去式(be 用were) I wish that I knew something about programming.

与曩昔现实相反的希望曩昔完结式They wish that they hadn’t told it to us.

将来的愿望would/could/should/might+V 原I wish he could come tomorrow.

【学以致用】

(2011 北京高考) —Where are the children? The dinne’rs going to be completely ruined.

—I wish they ________ always late.

A. weren’t

B. hadn’t been

C. wouldn’t be

D. wouldn ’t have

been

2. 表示主观意愿的动词后，后面宾语从句的谓语动词用“should +动词原形”, should 可

省掉

如：suggest 主张 require 要求 demand 要求 insist 坚持要求 order/ command 命

令

e.g. He suggested that we(should) set a deadline for the completion of the plan.

They require that parking (should) be allowed here. 他们要求允许在此处停车。

He insisted that she fasten her safety belt. 他要求她系好安全带。

注：suggest标明“标明，暗示” ，insist 标明“坚持某一说法”时，后宾语从句用陈说口气。

e.g. The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied.

他脸上的表情标明他很满足。

He insisted that he had not stolen the car and insisted that he (should)be set free at

once.

他坚持说自己没有偷那辆轿车，并坚持要求马上开释他。

【学以致用】

(2013 陕西高考) My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.

A. should

B. might

C. could

D. Would

3. would rather 后的宾语从句用虚拟口气

现在或将来的愿望

w ould rather + 主语

+动词过去式I would rather he left now.

I would rather he came earlier tomorrow.

与过去事实相反的愿望

w ould rather+ 主语

+动词的过去完成式I would rather I had not lied yesterday. (事实上昨天撒谎了)

【学以致用】

(2010 江苏高考) George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but’Id rather he _______ more on its culture.

A. focus

B. focused

C. would focus

D. had focused

【即学即练】

1. If I ________ where he lived, I ________ a letter to him.

A. knew; would send

B. had known; would send

B. know; would send D. knew; would have sent

2. I wish I _________ a chance to talk to you last night, but you left so early.

A. have

B. had

C. had had

D. will have

3. If the contest ________ tomorrow, I would probably go to see it.

A. is to take place

B. were to take place

C. was taken place

D. would take place

4. She required at the meeting that measures _______ to protect the environment which we

rely on

to live.

A. should take

B. must take

C. could be taken

D. be taken

5. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________ there, she wouldn’t

be able to see her parents very often.

A. lives

B. would live

C. has lived

D. were to live

6. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he _______ tall when he grows up.

A. would have been

B. were

C.would be

D. had been

7. His pale face suggests that he ______ seriously ill. I suggest that he ______ a doctor immediately.

A. is; see

B. should be; saw

C. is; must see

D. should be; sees

8. —She looks upset. —Yes, I’d rather I _______ her bad news.

A. didn’t tell

B. don’t tell

C. hadn’t told

D. wouldn’t tell

9. If it were not for the fact that you ________busy now, I would ask you for help.

A. were

B. are

C. would be

D. had been

10. When do you suggest ________?

A. the patient be operated on

B. should the patient be operated on

C. the patient could be operated on

D. could the patient be operated on