英语不规则动词过去式和过去分词表
新目标英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表* am was been 是
* are were been 是awake awoke awoke 唤醒bear bore born 忍受beat beat beaten 打,敲打become became become 成为,变成* begin began begun 开始bet bet bet 打赌blow blew blown 吹break broke broken 打坏,打破* bring brought brought 带来
* build built built 建筑,建设burn burnt burnt 燃烧
* buy bought bought 买catch caught caught 揪住,抓住* can could 能,会choose chose chosen 选择
* come came came 来cost cost cost 花费cut cut cut 砍,切* do did done 做
* does did done 做dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 做梦
* drink drank drunk 喝drive drove driven 驾驶,开车* eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下,跌倒feed fed fed 喂养feel felt felt 感觉fight fought fought 打架
* find found found 发现,找到fly flew flown 飞行forget forgot forgotten/forgot 忘记
freeze froze frozen 结冰
* get got got/gotten 得到
* give gave given 给予
* go went gone 走,去grow grew grown 成长,种植hang hung/hanged hung/hanged 吊,悬挂
* have had had 有
* has had had 有
hear heard heard 听见
hit hit hit 打,击hold held held 举办,容纳hurt hurt hurt 伤害keep kept kept 保持,喂养* know knew known 知道,了解lay laid laid 下蛋,平躺* learn learnt/learnt learnt 学习
* leave left left 离开,留下lend lent lent 借给
* let let let 让
* lie lay lain 躺下
* lose lost lost 丢失
* make made made 制造,制作mean meant meant 意思是,意味着* meet met met 遇见
* may might 可以mistake mistook mistaken 犯错must must 必须
pay paid paid 付钱,赔偿* put put put 挂
* read read read 读
ride rode ridden 骑,乘ring rang rung (钟/铃)响,鸣rise rose risen 升起
* run ran run 跑
* say said said 说
* see saw seen 看见
* sell sold sold 卖
* send sent sent 寄,送;派
set set set 安装shake shook shaken 摇动,摆动shall should 将
shine shone/shined shone/shined 照耀
* show showed shown/showed 显示
shut shut shut 关
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 下沉
* sit sat sat 坐
* sleep slept slept 睡
smell smelt smelt 嗅
* speak spoke spoken 说
spell spelt spelt 拼读,拼写* spend spent spent 花费,度过spill spilt split 溅,洒
spit spat spat 吐痰
spoil spoilt spoilt 糟蹋
* stand stood stood 站
steal stole stolen 偷sweep swept swept 打扫
* swim swam swum 游泳
* take took took 带去,花费,乘* teach taught taught 教
* tell told told 告诉
* think thought thought 想,思考throw threw thrown 扔,投,掷understand understood understood 明白wake woke/waked woken/waked 醒
* wear wore worn 穿戴
win won won 获胜
* write wrote written 写
* will would 将,愿
I. 一般过去时的概念
①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:last year(week, Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。
例如:
She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。
I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。
②也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often, always等频率副词连用。
例如:
He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。
③当表示动作时,谓语动词使用过去式(一般加ed或见不规则动词表);当表示状态时,谓语动词用was, were。
II. 一般过去时的构成
(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:
①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如:look-looked,watch-watched。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,加-d。如:live-lived,like-liked。
③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop-stopped,shop-shopped。
④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。
如:study-studied,carry-carried。
(2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如:am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。
III. 一般过去时的几种句型
肯定句结构为:
①主语+was / were +其它。
如:They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。
②主语+动词的过去式+其它。
如:He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去书店了。
否定句结构为:
①主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。
如:My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。
②主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。
如:She didn't come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。
一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为:
①Was / Were +主语+其它?
如:Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 去年冬天冷吗?
②Did+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 去年你们去北京吗?
特殊疑问句的构成为:
疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:What did you do last night? I did my homework.
Ⅳ. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住:清后[t],元,浊[d],t, d 之后读[id]。
①清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [ ] [t ]等后,ed要读[t]。如:worked,finished。
②元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后,ed要读[d]。如:lived,called。
③t 或 d 后,ed读[id]。如:started,needed。