考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(十六)
Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American
spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War
II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with ...
Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American
spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War
II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with
information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in
the “great game” of espionage-spying as a “profession。” These
days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as
buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as
well。
The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading
other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been
going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide
Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying.
The spooks call it “open-source intelligence,” and as the Net grows,
it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a
contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The
winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open-
Source Solutions whose clear advantage was its mastery of the
electronic world。
Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is
Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in
Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of
spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like
energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions
are available online at https://www.360docs.net/doc/3518489761.html,。
Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world
as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information
collection and distribution, a spymaster's dream. Last week his firm
was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and
predicting a crisis in Ukraine。“As soon as that report runs, we'll
suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman,
a former political science professor. “And we'll hear back from some
of them。” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since
it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where
Straitford earns its keep。
Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his
staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the
firm's outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford's briefs
don't sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be
wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent
voice。
21. The emergence of the Net has
[A] received support from fans like Donovan。
[B] remolded the intelligence services.
[C] restored many common pastimes。
[D] revived spying as a profession。
22. Donovan's story is mentioned in the text to
[A] introduce the topic of online spying。
[B] show how he fought for the U.S。
[C] give an episode of the information war。
[D] honor his unique services to the CIA。
23. The phrase “making the biggest splash” (Line 1, Paragraph
3)most probably means
[A] causing the biggest trouble。
[B] exerting the greatest effort。
[C] achieving the greatest success。
[D] enjoying the widest popularity。
24. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that
[A] Straitford's prediction about Ukraine has proved true.
[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information.
[C] Straitford's business is characterized by unpredictability.
[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information。
25. Straitford is most proud of its [A] official status.
[B] nonconformist image。
[C] efficient staff.
[D] military background。
名师解析
21. The emergence of the Net has 网络的出现已经
[A] received support from fans like Donovan. 得到了多诺文这样的爱
好者的支持。
[B] remolded the intelligence services. 重新塑造了情报业。
[C] restored many common pastimes. 恢复了许多常见的娱乐活动。
[D] revived spying as a profession. 使情报业成为一个职业。
【答案】 B
【考点】事实细节题。
【分析】第一段最后一句话“These days the Net, which has remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well。”从上文中我们已经得知“Donovan’s vocation”指的就是“spying”(间谍)也就是“intelligence services”
(情报行业)。关键在于对“reshape”一词的理解它的含义是“重新塑造”。[B]其实就是原文的另一种表述方式。“remold”就是“reshape”的意思都
表示“重新塑造改造”。干扰项“revive”的意思是“(使)苏醒 (使)复
兴 (使)复活 (使)再生效回想”言下之意是将某一样已灭亡或已很脆
弱的东西重新复活或者复兴。而第一段并没有提到间谍行业曾经消失的信息
从第二段中我们了解到互联网推动了情报行业的发展也没有找到任何关于情
报行业曾经中断的内容所以[D]的说法是不正确的。[C]“restore”的含义是“使恢复使回复”言下之意是将原来不完整的或者破碎的东西给复原。原
文中没有提到。[A]的错误在于对第一句话的误读。“would have loved”表示
虚拟语气是对当时情况的一种假设而这种假设的情况在当时是不存在的。
这句话的真实意思是如果“疯狂的Bill Donovan还在世的话他会爱上互联
网的”。可见“Donovan”在世的时候并没有互联网所以[A]将“Donovan”说
成是“互联网的爱好者”的说法是错误的。
22. Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to 本文提到多诺文的
故事是为了 [A] introduce the topic of online spying. 引出网络间谍这个话题。
[B] show how he fought for the U.S.. 显示多诺文如何为美国效力的。
[C] give an episode of the information war. 提供情报战的一个片断。
[D] honor his unique services to the CIA. 表彰他为中情局所作的独特
贡献。
【答案】 A
【考点】作者意图题。
【分析】本文提到比尔·多诺文只有第一段而文章的中心思想讲的是
“情报工作”和“互联网”的关系以及“情报工作”在网络时代的巨大变化
等等。由此不难看出多诺文作为一个间谍只是为文章展开讨论前提供了一个
引子因此[A]为正确答案。
23. The phrase“making the biggest splash”(Line 1, Paragraph 3)
most probably means
短语“making the biggest splash”(第三段第一行)的意思很有可能是
[A] causing the biggest trouble. 造成最大的麻烦。
[B] exerting the greatest effort. 付出最大的努力。
[C] achieving the greatest success. 取得最大的成功。
[D] enjoying the widest popularity. 受到最广泛的欢迎。
【答案】 C
【考点】词义题。
【分析】考生应该能够根据上下文对“make a splash”这个短语进行合理
的推理。在中情局举办的一次比赛中“Straitford”公司获胜了被认为是
“make a splash”因此可见这里的逻辑很清楚即“成功”和“make a
splash”的意思是非常接近的。由此可以推断出[C]是正确的。
24. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that 从第四段中我们可以得知
[A] Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true。
Straitford公司关于乌克兰的预测被证明是正确的。 [B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information.
Straitford公司担保它提供的信息的真实性。
[C] Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability。
Straitford公司的经营的一个特点是不可预测性。
[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information.
Straitford公司能够提供相当可靠的信息。
【答案】 D
【考点】推断题。
【分析】第四段首句指出“该公司的总裁乔治·弗莱德曼说他把网络世
界视为情报收集和情报发布两者之间相互增强的工具这就是间谍们的梦想。
上周他的公司正在收集从远在世界的另一角落传来的零散的信息预测在乌
克兰将发生一场危机。弗莱德曼以前是政治科学教授他说‘一旦这个报道
公布我们将从乌克兰突然新增500个注册用户我们将听到其中一些人的回
应。’当然开放源的间谍活动的确有它的风险因为很难区分正确与错误的信
息。这正是Straitford公司挣钱的地方。”[A]的说法没有根据因为文中只
说了“Straitford”公司作出了关于乌克兰局势的预测并没有信息说明预言
是否成真。[B]的说法与原文意思有些不符。第四段最后一句说“开放源的间谍
活动的确有它的风险因为很难区分正确与错误的信息。Straitford公司就是
靠辨别真伪情报赚钱的”。从中考生可以知道“Straitford”公司能提供相当
可靠的情报但没有保证情报百分之百准确。[C]说的是“Straitford”公司生
意的特点是“不可预测性”这种说法在文中也找不到根据。[D]的说法比较中
立而且也符合原文的意思。
25. Straitford is most proud of its Straitford最自豪的是其
[A] official status. 官方地位。
[B] nonconformist image. 独立的形象。
[C] efficient staff. 高效的员工。
[D] military background. 军事背景。
【答案】 B
【考点】事实细节题。【分析】全文最后一句“Straitford公司对其独立的声音感到自豪”。再
阅读上文可以得知“Straitford公司具有局外人的地位这是其成功的关
键因为他们和华盛顿特工不同的是他们可以有独立声音”。而
“nonconformist”与“independent”意思相近。所以[B]选项正确。
难句解析
The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services
in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was
fascinated with information。
【结构分析】本句的主干结构是“The American spymaster was
fascinated with information。”“who”引导一个具有双谓语的定语从句。
全文翻译
疯狂的比尔·多诺文肯定会爱上网络的。这位曾经在第二次世界大战时建立
了战略事务办公室后来又为中央情报局的成立打下了基础的美国间谍大王对
情报很着迷。他坚信在间谍这个职业这个“大游戏”中可以使用任何手段。如
今网络已经改变了买书和寄信这样的日常乐事也正在重新塑造多诺文曾经
从事的这个职业。
最近的这次革命性的改变不仅仅是一个人偷看另外一个人的电子邮件的问
题。这种电子间谍活动已经持续了数十年。在过去的三、四年中国际互联网
已经制造出一个靠“点击”来进行间谍活动的完整的产业。间谍们把它称为
“开放源情报”。而且随着互联网的成长这样的情报变得越来越有影响力。
1995年中央情报局举办了一个竞赛看谁能够收集到有关“布隆迪”的最多
信息。弗吉尼亚的一家名为“开放源解决方案”的小公司大幅胜出它的显著
优势是它对电子世界的把握。
在这个崭新的电子世界中最引起轰动的是一家叫Stratford的公司它是得
克萨斯州奥斯汀市的一个私营的情报分析公司。该公司赚钱的路子是将侦察全
球各个国家的情报销售给象能源公司“麦克德莫国际”这样的公司。它的许多
预测在网上都可以查阅网址www. straitford. com。
该公司的总裁乔治·弗莱德曼说他把网络世界视为情报收集和情报发布两
者之间相互增强的工具这就是间谍们的梦想。上周他的公司正在收集从远
在世界的另一角落传来的零散的信息预测在乌克兰将发生一场危机。弗莱德
曼以前是政治科学教授他说“一旦这个报道公布我们将在乌克兰突然新
增500个注册用户我们将听到其中一些人的回应。”当然开放源的间谍活动
的确有它的风险因为很难区分正确与错误的信息。这正是Stratford公司挣
钱的地方。
弗莱德曼靠的只是在奥斯汀市的为数不多的雇员。其中的一些有军事情报工
作背景。他把公司的“局外人”地位视为它成功的关键。Stratford公司的简报听上去不像华
盛顿当局常常提供的套话政府机构往往避免发布戏剧化的言
论因为这些言论可能出错。弗莱德曼说Stratford公司为其独立的声音而感到自豪。
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备考研究生的同学都知道，考研英语阅读理解在试卷中所占的分值比重是最大的，是需要花时间和精力重点突破的一个专项。其从题型分类的角度，涉及到细节题，主旨大意题，推断题，词(句)义判断题，例证题，态度题。每种题型都有相应的解题方法，比如细节题，需要通过题干中的关键词回到文章中定位，重点理解定位信息句，通过比对选项把错误选项排除掉。主旨大意题需要把握文章的首尾段以及高频出现的词，还需要重点关注一些表示观点的词，比如 ，argue, deem, consider, assume等后面的信息，综合把握文章的核心。例证题需要找到例子所在的出处，在例子周围寻找观点性的内容。 在了解了每一种题型的解题方法后，各位考生就需要有针对性地进行练习强化。鉴于此，老师将考研英语历年真题阅读理解按题型分类汇总如下： (一)细节题： 具体信息： 2003年 41题，45题，47题，49题，51题，55题 2004年 42题，54题，56题，58题，59题 2005年 27题，29题，33题，35题，36题，39题 2006年 22题，28题，29题， 2007年 26题，31题，32题，37题，39题 2008年 22题，29题，32题，33题 2009年 26题，27题，29题，32题，33题，35题，38题; 2010年 21题，26题，35题，37题，39题 2011年 26题，27题，31题，32题，33题，39题， (二)主旨题： 2002年 45题; 2004年 55题; 2007年 25题; 2008年 25题;26题;30题;35题 2009年 30题; 2010年 25题;30题 2011年 30题;35题 (三)推理题 1. 段落推理 2003年 53题; 2004年 48题; 2005年25题; 2006年39题; 2. 细节推理 2003年50题;56题 2004年57题; 2006年32题; 2007年27题; 2008年34题;38题 3. 全文推理 2009年 40题 (四)词(句)义题： 2003年 43题;54题 2004年 43题;50题，52题;53题 2005年 28题;37题 2006年 33题;21题 2007年 22题 2008年 24题; 2009年 23题; 2010年 28题;31题 (五)推理题： 2003年 44题;50题;53题 2004年 47题;57题; 2005年 25题
2018考研英语阅读解题思路：细节题_毙考题
2018考研英语阅读解题思路：细节题 理解文章的具体信息和概念含义是大纲对阅读的明确要求。细节题目的考查在每年的考研英语真题当中都会占到一半以上，考生必须给予足够重视，牢牢掌握细节题的解题方法和思路。我们以2009年的真题为例： The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. 31. The author holds that the importance of education in poor countries______. [A] is subject to groundless doubts [B] has fallen victim of bias [C] is conventional downgraded [D] has been overestimated 解析：首先依据题干关键词the importance of education in poor countries定位到第一句The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood，但是仔细研读后发现贫穷国家中正规教育与经济发展之间的关系为经济学家及政治家们普遍误解。，该句只是在说正式教育和经济发展之间的关系，并不是题干所要找的教育的重要性。继续定位到第三句however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.那种认为教育应该是促进贫穷国家经济快速发展的重要因素之一的传统观点是错误的。句中涉及了和教育的重要性相关的信息，锁定为答案出处。作者说这种传统的观点时错误的，可以理解为作者认为贫困国家不应该把教育看的如此重要，即，现在的贫困国家太过于注重教育了，所以答案选[D] has been overestimated教育被高估了。[C] is conventional downgraded被降级轻视，和原文事实相反。A和B选项所说的怀疑和偏见态度在原文中找不到依据，可排除。
考研英语阅读理解全文翻译
Text1 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not ch In but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. 习惯是件有趣的事情。我们无意识间养成了一些习惯，我们的大脑是自动运 转的，轻松进入熟知套路所带来的不自觉舒适状态。“这并非选择，而是习惯控 制了那些没有思想的人”，这是威廉?华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）19世纪时 说的话。在现在这个日新月异的21世纪，甚至习惯这个词本身也带有负面涵义。 因此，在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯，似乎显得有点矛盾。 But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. But don’t bother trying to kil off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. 但大脑研究人员发现，当我们有意识地培养新的习惯的时候，我们创建了平 行路径，甚至是全新的脑细胞，可以让我们的思路跳转到新的创新轨道上来。但 是，不必费心试图摈弃各种旧习惯；一旦这些程序惯例融进大脑，它们就会留在 那里。相反，我们刻意培养的新习惯会创建平行路径能避开原来那些老路。 “The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says D Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as decide is to kill off president calls himself ‘the Decider.’” She adds, however, that “to all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” 大学英语
2009考研英语阅读理解精读100篇(2)
TEXT 2 He emerged, all of a sudden, in 1957: the most explosive new poetic talent of the English post-war era. Poetry specialised, at that moment, in the wry chronicling of the everyday. The poetry of Yorkshire-born Ted Hughes, first published in a book called “The Hawk in the Rain” when he was 27, was unlike anything written by his immediate predecessors. Driven by an almost Jacobean rhetoric, it had a visionary fervour. Its most eye-catching characteristic was Hughes's ability to get beneath the skins of animals: foxes, otters, pigs. These animals were the real thing all right, but they were also armorial devices—symbols of the countryside and lifeblood of the earth in which they were rooted. It gave his work a raw, primal stink. It was not only England that thought so either. Hughes's book was also published in America, where it won the Galbraith prize, a major literary award. But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide. Hughes was vilified for long after that, especially by feminists in America. In 1998, the year he died, Hughes broke his own self-imposed public silence about their relationship in a book of loose-weave poe ms called “Birthday Letters”.In this new and exhilarating collection of real letters, Hughes returns to the issue of his first wife's death, which he calls his “big and unmanageable event”. He felt his talent muffled by the perpetual eavesdropping upon his every move. Not until he decided to publish his own account of their relationship did the burden begin to lighten. The analysis is raw, pained and ruthlessly self-aware. For all the moral torment, the writing itself has the same rush and vigour that possessed Hughes's early poetry.
2019考研英语阅读理解常考题型总结
2019考研英语阅读理解常见题型总结 来源：智阅网 考研英语阅读理解虽然难度不小，但是还是有规律可循。掌握好了规律，可以有效提高我们的复习效率和复习成绩。所以，就来说说阅读理解的常见题型有哪些。 1.主旨大意题。 这类题实质考察考生对中心思想的理解，难度不高，具体应对技巧如下： A.关注各段落首句，尤其是第一段首句，这与西方人思维相关，他们习惯开门见山表达出自己的观点，然后广泛引用材料去论述。因此，一般而言首段的首句构成文章的中心句，而各段的首句构成各段的中心。 B.关注首段末句。有些作者习惯先列出一些传统的观点或先对一些具体现象进行说明，然后提出与之不同的观点或在结尾对现象进行总结，在接下来的段落中继续论述。对于这类文章，如果作者没有提出不同的观点，则最后总结性语句为文章中心，一旦提出不同或完全对立的观点，又在后文中加以论述，则作者提出的新观点为文章中心;如果新老观点均是对同一个结果的论述，那么该论述的结论为文章中心。 C.当不能直接找出主题句时，通常文章中作者给予叙述较多或强调较多的某一事物或某一观点即文章的中心。在题目作答时，可采用中心词定位法，排除不含中心词的选项，对比有中心词的选项，选择最接近中心的选项。 D.如果对选项仍有异议，可把有异议的选项逐个带入文章中，看哪个能更好的囊括文章中心。这是一个检验的过程。 2.事实细节题。 此类题占阅读总分40分中的50%左右，因此十分重要。注意，这类问题与推理性问题截然相反，都可以从原文中找到答案，只不过
为了迷惑考生，常常将原文进行改写，换一种说法。所以，照抄原文，一字不改的不一定就是答案，而与原文意思相同的，才是正确的。其基本应对技巧如下： A.基本原则是以中心为导向，忠实原文为基础，千万不可主观臆断，最好的方法是回到原文的出题点进行揣摩。 B.必须看清题目，尤其是当题目就某一个具体细节并且脱离文章中心的提问。一般来说，细节问题绝大部分是围绕文章中心进行出题，但不排除文中就一些具体的，因果互动现象的内容提问。 3.词汇短语题。 其分值不高，考察范围可分为两类。第一，纲内词汇词义的引申。考察考生对所熟悉的词汇在特定语境下正确含义的理解。一般来说，该词的本意不是解，但是其引申义上仍可以找到本意的影子。第二，纲外词汇词义的推断。 4.推断性问题。 此类题大概占20%左右的分值，总体难度不大，是考生的必得分点。中心导向依然是解题的宏观主线，其关键是忠实原文的推断。其应对策略和事实细节题类似，考生在该题型上的主要失误在于脱离文章主观臆断造成的。 5.语气态度题。 对作者态度的判断是构成阅读理解的两条宏观主线之一。因此，正确辨明作者对所叙述事物的态度，不仅关系到本类题型的解答，也潜在影响到其他问题的正确解答。这类题目主要从作者文中描述事物所用到的形容词，副词，动词等表达感情色彩的词汇入手。当选项不能确定时，再回到原文中找关键词。对这类题型，分清褒贬一般不难，是考生的必得分点。 我们还可以做做何老师的2019《考研英语阅读思路解析》，有助于我们更好地理解阅读理解这个题型，并且还能培养好应试心理。
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P18—工学类
2015考研英语阅读理解精读P18—工学 类 Passage 18 Tennis hopeful Jamie Hunt, 16, felt he could not become a world-class junior player while attending a regular school. The international circuit has players on the road 50% of the time--and it's hard to focus on your backhand when you're worrying about being on time for homeroom. So last year Hunt, who hones his ground strokes at Elite TNT Tennis Academy in April Sound, Texas, enrolled for academics in the $9,750-a-year University of Miami Online High School (UMOHS), a virtual school that caters to athletes. "The online school gives me the flexibility I need," says Hunt. "The workload is the same, but I can do it anywhere. It's nicer to ask a question face-to-face with a teacher, but in some ways it prepares me better for college because I have to be more independent." A year ago, Hunt's world junior ranking was 886; now it's 108. Virtual high schools, which allow students to take classes via PC, have emerged as an increasingly popular education alternative, particularly for on-the-go athletes. UMOHS has more than 400 students enrolled, 65% of whom are athletes. Accredited by the 100-year-old Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, UMOHS offers honors and advanced-placement classes. All course material is online, along with assignments and due dates. For help, says principal Howard Liebman, "a student may e-mail, instant message or call the teacher." Dallas mom Lori Bannon turned to another online school, Laurel Springs in Ojai, Calif. Bannon, who has a medical degree from Harvard, didn't want to compromise the education of her daughter Lindsay, 13, an élite gymnast who spends eight hours a day in the gym. "Regular school was not an option," says Bannon, "but I wanted to make sure she could go back at grade level if she quit gymnastics." Laurel Springs' enrollment has increased 35% a year for the past four years, to 1,800 students. At least 25% are either athletes or child entertainers. Educators are split on the merits of such schools. Paul Orehovec, an enrollment officer for the University of Miami, admits, "I was somewhat of a skeptic. But when I looked into their programs and accreditation, I was excited. UMOHS is the first online school to be granted membership in the National Honor Society." Kevin Roy, Elite's director of education, sees pitfalls and potential in virtual schools. "You will never have that wonderful teacher who inspires you for life," says Roy. "But the virtual school offers endless possibilities. I don't know where education's imagination will take this." 注(1)：本文选自Time;11/29/2004, p149-149, 1/2p, 1c; 注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 4第1、2题(1、2)，text 1 第2 题(3)，text 3第5 题(5)和2000年真题text 4第4题(4); 1. What does Jamie Hunt get from the virtual school? [A] the ability to perfect his tennis skills [B] the time to do his school work
考研英语阅读理解新题型答案
考研英语阅读理解新题型答案 Directions: The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) [A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees. [B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in