(完整版)三年级英语语法大全
语法专项整理(一)名词
1、名词的种类:
2、专有名词:专有名词是指某个人、某些地方、某样物品专有的名称。Children’s Day
专有名词第一个字母要大写,前面不加a, an, the
3、单数名词:
(1)一般名词,在前面加a:a book, a computer,
(2)元音字母开头的名词,在前面加an:an egg, an orange(元音字母是:a, e, i, o, u)少数例外: an hour, a university (以元音发音为准)
4、复数名词:
规则:
不规则:
5、不可数名词:在不可数名词前只能加some(一些), much(许多)(1)液体:water, milk, coke, coffee, juice, tea
(2)气体:air, vapour
(3)不能“个别的”存在:hair, rice, beef, meat, pork, mutton
语法专项整理(二)代词1、人称代词
2、物主代词
3、指示代词:this, that, these, those
如:This is my doll. That is Mary’s.
Look at the those sheep. They are eating grass.
语法专项整理(三)数词1、基数词:表示数目的多少
2、序数词:表示顺序
1、介词的分类
2、at, on, in在表示时间时的区别:
(1)at用于具体的时刻:at 10:05, at noon, at night,
(2)on用于具体的一天(常与星期、节日、具体的某一天连用,也表示某天上午、下午或晚上):on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on June 1st, on my birthday, on Friday morning, on the weekend,
(3)in用于某一段时间(常与上午、下午、晚上连用,常与月份、季节、年份连用):in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in March, in spring, in 2007,
语法专项整理(六)There be结构
1、概念:There be结构又叫存在句,表示某地存在某物。
2、There be 结构的肯定句
(1)There is + 可数名词单数+ 地点:There is a book on the desk.
(2)There is + 不可数名词+ 地点:There is some water in the glass
(3)There are + 可数名词复数+ 地点:There are some flowers in the garden. 就近原则:若句子中有几个并列的主语,be动词的形式和最近的一个主语保持一致There is a book and 2 pencils in the bag.
There are many flowers and a tree in the garden.
3、There be 结构的疑问句(把be动词提到句子前面,若句子中有some,要变为any)
Is there a book on the desk? Is there any water in the glass?
Are there any flowers in the garden?
语法专项整理(七)现在进行时
1、概念:表示说话时正在进行的动作。(提示词:Now, look, listen)
2、构成:be动词+ 现在分词:be动词后面的动词要加ing,变成动名词。
3、现在分词
语法专项整理(八)一般现在时
1、概念:表示现在存在着的状况,也可理解为习惯性的动作,不断重复发生的事。
提示词:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every morning, every… ~
2、构成:
3、动词单三形式:
语法专项整理(九)一般将来时
1、概念:表示将来要做的事,要发生的动作。
提示词:tomorrow, tonight, this afternoon, this evening, this weekend, next weekend, next
Monday,
2、构成:
(1)be动词+ going to + 动词原形:
I am going to watch TV after dinner.
He is going to buy a book this afternoon.
They are going to go swimming next Sunday.
情态动词can
can在英语中有一个特殊的名字,叫做情态动词,表示“能够”,“会”,“能力”后面要跟着表示动作的动词。没有时态和人称的变化。表示不能做什么的时候,后面加上not为can not,或者缩写为can’t。问别人“能…吗?”要把can放在句子前面,首字母要大写,句尾别忘加上问号。
I can swing.I can draw.
—She can jump.He can play.
—We can touch.They can run.
—I can’t sing.You can’t see.
—She can’t dance.He can’t hear a car.
三年级下册期末复习资料
Is this/that/it a ...? 回答:Yes,it is. No,it isn’t.
Is he / she…? 回答:Yes, he /she is. No, he/she isn’t.
Are you …? 回答:Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Are these/they ...? 回答:Yes,they are. No,they aren’t.
Do you...? 回答:Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Does he/she/it…? 回答:Yes,he does. No. he doesn′t.
Is there...? 回答:Yes,there is. No, there isn’t.
Are there...? 回答:Yes,there are. No, there aren’t.
特殊疑问句:首先确定特殊疑问词 1.where:哪里(状语)2.what :什么 3.what colour:问颜色(表语)4.who :谁( 回答用He is... She is... They are...等)5.how:怎么样 6.how many:
多少数量7.how much:多少钱价格
Who’s he/she ? 回答:He’s/She’s…
Who are they? 回答:They are...
Where is..? 回答:It’s in/on...(介词短语)
Where are…? 回答:They are in/on...(介词短语)
Where are you from? 回答:I am from... / We are from...
Where is he / she/ it from? 回答: He /She / It is from …
Where are they from? 回答: They are from....
What’s in / on / near/ under / beside the …? 回答:There is /are ...
How many...? 回答:There is one./There are two.(2个或2个以上的数字)
What is it/this/that? (单数) 回答:It’s a …….
What are they/these/those? (复数)回答:They’re …
日常用语:Put...on/in(介词短语)... 回答: OK/All right.
Draw... 回答: OK/All right.
Thank you! 回答: You’re welcome.
Here’s ... 回答:Thank you!
二、名词单数变复数,一般都把s 加。特殊变化有以下:
1.单数复数一个样, sheep--sheep fish- fish goldfish - goldfish
Chinese-Chinese Japanese -Japanese
2.遇到oo 变ee : foot-feet goose- geese tooth - teeth
3.有些变化就是大:mouse – mice child - children man-men woman-women
4 .以s, x, sh, ch 结尾,+es (bu s-buses, bo x-boxes, bru sh-brushes,
wat ch-watches)
5、以0 结尾(有生命的o)+es (tomat o-tomatoes)(番茄)
例外:kangaroo- kangaroos
6、以辅音字母+y结尾,改y为i+es ( la dy-ladies, ba by-babies stu dy-studies)
7.以f 或fe结尾,改f或fe为v+es (kni fe- knives shel f-shelves)
三、have与has 的区别:
have, has 都是“有”,
它们的用法有讲究, 表示“某人有某物”,have, has请记住。
he, she, it “有”用has, I, we , they , you 都用 have。
主人单数用 has , 主人复数用 have。
have 就是能力强,疑问(?)否定(don’t / do not)都用它。
四、have ,has 与there is , there are 的区别
表示某人或某动物有: has / have (I have a dog. The dog has a short tail.) 表示某地方有: there is / are (There is a book in the bag. )
五、Some与any 的区别:
some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:I have some books. I don’t have any books. Do you have any books ?
六.a 与an 的区别
一般来讲,元音字母(即a, e , i, o , u )开头的单词用an
如: an apple an ear an American girl an Australian stamp an old man
七. There be 句型(即 there is / there are )
意思:表示某地方有某人或某物
原则:就近原则(There be 句型中的be 动词用is 还是用are 由最靠近它的第一个名词是单数还是复数决定。)
如: There is a book and some pens on the desk.
There are some pens and a book on the desk.
八.不可数名词: juice chalk tissue (不可数名词没有复数形式)
There is some chalk.
There is some juice.
There is some tissue.
九.’s所有格:表示:某人或某动物的
the girl’s name 那个女孩的名字
the teacher’s desk 讲台
the headmaster’s office 校长的办公室
th e children’s toys 儿孩子们的玩具
the teachers’ room 教师办公室(当名词的复数形式是以“s”结尾时,直接加’)
十.be 动词: is are am (表示“是”)
I 用am ,you 用are ,is 连着he,she ,it 。单数名词用is ,复数名词全用are 。
如:I am …. You are… . We are… . They are…. . He is….. She is….. It is….
The girl is …. The boys are…. Ben is…. Janet and Ben are…
十一.代词
主语+ doesn’t+动词原形+其他+.
Does + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他+ ?