《奶奶的白发》课文原文
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《奶奶的白发》课文原文
导读：一天,我指着奶奶的头发好奇地问：“奶奶，为什么我的头发黑黑的，
你的头发是雪白雪白的呢？”
奶奶笑着说：“这白发，一半是你爸爸给的，一半是你给的。”
我低下了头，没有吭声。奶奶说：“怎么啦，不高兴了吗？傻孩子，奶奶跟你说着玩呢。”
我抬起头，望着奶奶的白发说：“奶奶,要是我不再让你操心，这白发还会变黑吗？”奶奶抚摸着我的头，笑了。
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新概念英语第四册原文翻译详细笔记
Finding fossil man 发现化?石?人 Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful? We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 读到flint 打?火?石anthropomorphic ?人格 化拟1anthropo ?人类 的让步?一?一trace back date back read of read about a trace of ?一些
新概念英语第四册课文word版
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Lesson1 We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas--legends handed down from one generation of story-tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.
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注释（1）晋侯、秦伯：指晋文公和秦穆公。 （2）以其无礼于晋：指晋文公即位前流亡国外经过郑国时，没有受到应有的礼遇。以，因为。 （3）且贰于楚：并且从属于晋的同时又从属于楚。且，并且。贰，从属二主。 （4）晋军函陵：晋军驻扎在函陵。军，驻军。函陵，郑国地名，在今河南新郑北。 （5）氾（fán）南：古代东氾水的南面，在今河南中牟南。 （6）佚之狐：郑国大夫。 （7）若：假如。使：派。见：进见。 （8）辞：推辞。 （9）臣之壮也：我壮年的时候。
（10）犹：尚且。 （11）无能为也已：不能干什么了。为，做。已，同“矣”，语气词，了。 （12）用，任用。是寡人之过也：这是我的过错。是，这。过，过错。 （13）然：然而。 （14）许之：答应这件事。许，答应。 （15）缒（zhuì）：用绳子拴着从城墙上往下吊。 （16）既：已经。亡郑：使郑亡。 （17）敢以烦执事：冒昧地拿（亡郑这件事）麻烦您。这是客气的说法。执事，执行事务的人，对对方的敬称。 （18）越国以鄙（bǐ）远：越过别国而把远地（郑国）当作边邑。越，越过。鄙，边邑。这里作动词。
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Lesson 3 Matterhorn man 马特霍恩山区人Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal--the top! It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could--sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheesemakers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed. 【句型名称】累进比较 【课文原句】Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. 【闯关练习】 The harder you work at your study, the better academic records you will have. 你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。 The more we have, the more we want. 人欲无穷。 The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙碌，越感到高兴。 The happier you are about yourself and your life, the healthier you will be. 对自己、对生活越满意，就越健康。 The less effort you put into the work, the less you will achieve. 在工作中，你所付出的努力越少，
《烛之武退秦师》原文及翻译
《烛之武退秦师》原文及翻译 《烛之武退秦师》选自《左传·僖公十三年》。这是一篇记述行人辞令的散文。 原文 晋侯、秦伯围郑，以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也。晋军函陵，秦军氾南。 佚之狐言于郑伯曰：“国危矣，若使烛之武见秦君，师必退。”公从之。辞曰：“臣之壮也，犹不如人；今老矣，无能为也已。” 公曰：“吾不能早用子，今急而求子，是寡人之过也。然郑亡，子 亦有不利焉！”许之。 夜缒而出，见秦伯，曰：“秦、晋围郑，郑既知亡矣。若亡郑而有益于君，敢以烦执事。越国以鄙远，君知其难也，焉用亡郑以陪邻？邻之厚，君之薄也。若舍郑以为东道主，行李之往来，共其乏困，君亦无所害。且君尝为晋君赐矣，许君焦、瑕，朝济而夕设版焉，君之所知也。夫晋，何厌之有？既东封郑，又欲肆其西封，若 不阙秦，将焉取之？阙秦以利晋，唯君图之。”秦伯说，与郑人盟。使杞子、逢孙、杨孙戍之，乃还。 子犯请击之。公曰：“不可。微夫人之力不及此。因人之力而敝之，不仁；失其所与，不知；以乱易整，不武。吾其还也。”亦去之。 注释 （1）晋侯、秦伯：指晋文公和秦穆公。 （2）以其无礼于晋：指晋文公即位前流亡国外经过郑国时，没 有受到应有的礼遇。倒装句，于晋无礼。以，因为，连词。其，代词，它，指郑国。于，对于
（3）且贰于楚：并且从属于晋的同时又从属于楚。且，并且，表递进。贰，从属二主。于，对，介词。 （4）晋军函陵：晋军驻扎在函陵。军，名词作动词，驻军。函陵，郑国地名，在今河南新郑北。 （5）氾（fán）南：氾水的南面，也属郑地。 （6）佚（yì）之狐：郑国大夫。 （7）若：假如。使：派。见：拜见进见。从：听从。 （8）辞：推辞。 （9）臣之壮也：我壮年的时候。 （10）犹：尚且。 （11）无能为也已：不能干什么了。为，做。已，同“矣”，语气词，了。 （12）用：任用。 （13）是寡人之过也：这是我的过错。是，这。过，过错。 （14）然：然而。 （15）许之：答应这件事。许，答应。 （16）缒（zhuì）：用绳子拴着人（或物）从上往下运。 （17）既：已经。 （18）敢以烦执事：冒昧地拿（亡郑这件事）麻烦您手下的人。这是客气的说法。敢，冒昧的。执事，执行事务的人，对对方的敬称。 （19）越国以鄙（bǐ）远：（然而）越过别国而把远地（郑国）当做边邑。越，越过。鄙，边邑。这里作动词，动词意动用法，以…为边邑。
新概念英语第四册课文：Lesson4
新概念英语第四册课文：Lesson4 【课文】 First listen and then answer the following question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 How did Vera discover she had this gift of second sight? Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can read and detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls. One case concerns an eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. This ability was first noticed by her father. One day she came into his office and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe. Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even described the way they were done up in bundles. Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and colours printed on it; and, in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet. Other experiments showed that her knees and