(英语)高二英语非谓语动词试题类型及其解题技巧

(英语)高二英语非谓语动词试题类型及其解题技巧
(英语)高二英语非谓语动词试题类型及其解题技巧

(英语)高二英语非谓语动词试题类型及其解题技巧

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.(山东) There is a note pinned to the door ___________ when the shop will open again. A.saying B.says

C.said D.having said

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:在这个句子中note和say是主动关系,所以要用saying。此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。句意为:门上钉着张纸条,写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选A。考点:考查非谓语动词。

【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。doing表主动表进行;done表被动表完成;to do表目的表将来。

【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语。先把句子简化:There is a note (which is pinned to the door) saying when the shop will open again.伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,本题考查的是现在分词做伴随状语,用ing形式。现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义;而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;如:He went to the classroom holding two books; He went to the forest , followed by two dogs.

2.Don't turn a deaf ear to the advice which will make a ________to your future.

A.mess B.difference

C.fuss D.remark

【答案】B

【解析】

不要对能够对你未来产生影响的建议掩耳不闻。make a different to对什么有影响,是固定短语,所以选B。

3. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A.Losing B.Having lost

C.Lost D.To lose

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:由于陷入沉思中,他差点撞上了前面那辆车。分析句子可知,本句为过去分词作原因状语,其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he,逻辑主语省去了。故选C。

4.John always gets up early in the morning _____ energetic and ready to start a new day. A.feel B.to feel

C.feeling D.felt

【答案】C

【解析】考查现在分词。句意:John总是一大早起床,感觉精力充沛并准备开始新的一天。现在分词做伴随状态。故选C。

5. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.

A.Find B.Finding

C.To find D.Found

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:在发现课程非常难的同时,她决定转移到较低层次。find与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动和进行,做伴随状语。故选B。

【点睛】

首先要分析句子知道非谓语动词是做的什么成分,然后根据和修饰语的关系决定是现在分词还是过去分词或者不定式。这题是做伴随状语,she和find是主动关系,用现在分词做状语。

6.There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent.

A.used B.using C.to use D.to be used

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词。句意:近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知,money与use在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。

7.(天津)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A.taking B.taken

C.being taken D.take

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语,宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。

点睛:本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓

语动词在句中所作的成分,找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,再分析二者之间的关系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案。

8.________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A.Learn B.Learned

C.Learning D.Having learned

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词。句意:学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分,而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语,此处用动名词作主语,故选C。

9.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if_____ regularly, can improve our health.

A.being carried out B.carrying out

C.carried out D.to carry out

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查状语从句的省略句:当主从句的主语一致的情况,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,If carried out="if" proper amounts of exercise are carried out。句意:实验表明,适量的锻炼,如果被定期进行,能提高人们的健康。选C。

考点:本题考查省略句式

点评:如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且状语从句的谓语动词中有 be 动词,从句的主语连同be 可一起省略,该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等,连词为when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等,后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。

10.(福建) ___________the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.

A.Spending B.Spent

C.Having spent D.To spend

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:“花费”和其逻辑主语“Linda”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作原因状语。且“花费”的动作明显早于“看起来成熟”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,用现在分词的完成时。句意:由于Linda过去几年在香港作交换留学生,所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。

考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。

11.With my money ________, I went back home.

A.ran out of B.ran out

C.running out D.running out of

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查with复合结构,句意:我的钱用完了,我就回家了。With复合结构在这

里做原因状语,with+宾语+宾语补足语(非谓语动词),所以排除AB项,run out of是及物动词,后面要接宾语,否则是被动语态,排除D,Run out是不及物动词,不能用被动式,选C。

考点:考查with复合结构

12.________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A.Being encouraged B.Encouraging

C.Encouraged D.Having encouraged

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查过去分词做状语:句意:被科技的进步鼓舞着,很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风力发电厂。逗号前面的是非谓语动词做状语,encourage和这句话的主语many farmers是被动关系,用过去分词做状语,选C。

考点:考查过去分词做状语

13.For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit________on his own farm.

A.grown B.being grown

C.to ge grown D.to grow

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:早餐,他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。grow作定语修饰fruit ,grow与fruit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。B项表示正在进行;C项表示还未发生,均不符合题意。故选A。

14.Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

A.realizing B.realized

C.to realize D.being realized

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间,这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语,主语the boy与press是被动关系,但是与realize是主动,所以是现在分词做状语,选A。

15.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look.

A.reducing B.reduced C.being reduced D.having reduced 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词的被动语态。句意:就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久,这个城市呈现了新的面貌。此句中的“after”是介词,后面需要动名词,而且城市是被夷为平地,所以用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。

16.Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house.

A.lead B.leading

C.led D.to lead

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知,这是个there be 句型,因此,此处用非谓语动词,path与lead是主动关系,因此用现在分词,故选B。

17.________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.

A.Tasted B.Tasting

C.To taste D.Being tasted

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:这种药尝起来非常难吃,被这个孩子扔掉了。主语是medicine,taste与主语是主动关系,而且taste是系动词无被动,因此用现在分词,故选B。

18.In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.

A.making B.made C.make D.makes

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。在澳大利亚,许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识,使中国游客

去旅游更加容易。根据与前面一句用逗号隔开,没有连词,故判断此空用非谓语动词,根据与主语是主动关系,故用动词-ing形式,用来修饰和补充上一句话,故选A。

19.________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

A.To enjoy B.Enjoying C.To have enjoyed D.Enjoy

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的,故选A。

20.A great number of students ________ said they were forced to practice the piano.

A.to question B.to be questioned

C.questioned D.questioning

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词作定语。句意:很多被询问的学生都说他们是被迫去练钢琴的。students与question构成被动关系,表示被询问的学生。B项不定式表示将来,,而本句表示的是已经被询问。故选C项。

21.Some of them, ______ in rural villages, had never seen a train.

A.to be born and brought up B.born and brought up

C.having born and brought up D.having been born and brought up

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:他们中的一些人,在农村长大,从来没见过火车。分析句子可知,in rural villages部分为定语,修饰Some of them,与其为动宾关系,故用过去分词形式,同时也是表示一种状态,故选B。

【点睛】

过去分词作定语,过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。

位于名词之前的过去分词定语一般只有单个词。

The new product finally passed the required test. 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。

Those repeated efforts were still inadequate. 这些重复的努力仍然不足。

过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰,如:

The prime minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon. 今天下午首相发表了

一份措辞谨慎的声明。

如果是过去分词短语或结构,则放在名词后作后置定语。

The idea presented by Peter is much simpler. 彼得提出的想法要简单得多。

It is a house built by the Romans. 它是一栋古罗马人建的房屋。

本题为过去分词作定语,修饰主语。

22.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked.

A.laid B.laying

C.to lay D.being laid

【答案】A

【解析】

with + 宾语 + 动词-ing 形式(即现在分词)表示动词 -ing 形式表示动作正在发生;with + 宾语 + 动词不定式表示一个动作过程或即将发生的动作;with + 宾语 + 过去分词表达被动含义。句意:客厅干净而整洁,餐桌已经为要做的饭准备好了。选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

23.If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly ____. A.supposing B.suppose C.to suppose D.supposed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:如果你去西安,你会发现那里的宫殿比通常想象的要宏伟。补充完成句子是you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly (the palaces are) supposed. the palaces和suppose是被动的关系,省略the palaces are。故选D。

24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.

A.Find B.Finding

C.To find D.Found

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:在发现课程非常难的同时,她决定转移到较低层次。find与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动和进行,做伴随状语。故选B。

【点睛】

首先要分析句子知道非谓语动词是做的什么成分,然后根据和修饰语的关系决定是现在分词还是过去分词或者不定式。这题是做伴随状语,she和find是主动关系,用现在分词做状语。

25.The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the bank of the lake.

A.missing; playing B.missing; play C.missed; played D.missed; to play 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:那个失踪的男孩最后被看见时正在湖边玩。missing是形容词,作boy的定语,意思是“失踪的”。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩,play作宾语补足语,表示动作在进行,用现在分词。结合选项,故选A。

26.In 2015, China won the bid to host the Winter Olympics, ________ Beijing the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Games.

A.make B.making C.to make D.made

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在分词作结果状语的用法。句意:2015年,中国中标了冬奥会的举办权,使得北京成为世界上第一个夏季和冬季奥运会都举办的城市。分析句子结构,逗号之前为完整的主句,阐述了“中标举办权”的事实,逗号之后则补充说明了先前事实所带来的进一步意料之中的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,故选B。

27. _____ it many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said.

A.Explained B.Having explained

C.To explain D.Having been explained

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管我已经解释过很多次了,我还是不能让 Tom 明白我说的话。explain和主语I之间为逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词形式;由逻辑关系:先解释后明白,应使用到现在分词的完成式形式,所以选择B项。故选B项。

【点睛】

分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式。

28.Though _____ of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.

A.warning B.to warn C.warn D.warned

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管被警告了危险,他仍旧继续在薄冰上滑冰。表示发生过的被

动的动作,和句子主语he是动宾关系,用过去分词。故选D。

29.The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps.

A.including; seated B.including; seating

C.included; sat D.included; sitting

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词和过去分词。句意:这个大厅挤满了人,包括一些坐在父母腿上的小孩。include 是介词,由其领导的这个句子是做状语成分之用.including somebody,包括某人=somebody included,seated是动词+ed,其引导的"seated on their parents' laps"是后置定语的成分,表示状态,用来修饰前面的"children"。故选A。

30.Urban Chinese travelled to 68 countries during the Spring Festival holiday, ________ an average of 6,000 yuan each.

A.spent B.spending

C.to spend D.having spent

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:春节假期期间,中国的城市人去了68个国家旅行,平均每人花费6000元。该句中的逻辑主语Urban Chinese与spend之间是主谓的关系,所以该空需用现在分词。故选B项。

31.A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students _____to hospital.

A.being sent B.sent

C.sending D.to be sent

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:纽约一个疑似食品中毒的案件已经导致6名高中生被送到医院了。Lead to“导致”其中的to是介词,后面接动名词的符合结构:逻辑主语(6 high school students)+动名词,因为students和send是被动关系,用动名词的被动,选A。

考点:考查动名词的被动

32.________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

A.Understanding B.To be understood

C.Being understood D.Having understood

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式(短语)或动名词(短语)均可作主语,区别在于不定式常表示将来,是特指;而动名词表示一般情况,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象,属泛指,故用动名词较好。故选A。

33.______to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.

A.Having been asked B.To ask

C.Having asked D.To be asked

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:“由于那天晚上被要求加班,我错过了一场精彩的电影”,主语“我”和动词ask之间是动宾关系,要用过去分词,“被要求加班”这一动作发生在动作missed之前,要用过去分词的完成式having been asked,A项正确;B项 to ask是动词不定式,表示目的或将要发生的动作,不正确;C项 having asked 是现在分词的完成式,不正确;D项 to be asked 是动词不定式的被动形式,不符合语境,故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词

34.After a decade or so, out of choices, he returned to where he’d begun, ashamed at having so little to show for his wanderings.

A.being run B.running

C.to run D.having run

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在分词。句意:大约十年后,在没有选择的情况下,他回到了他开始的地方,为自己的拼搏没有什么收获而感到羞愧。run out of “用光,耗尽” 与主语he在逻辑上是主动关系,且表示的动作明显发生在return之前,所以用现在分词的完成时having run of。故D 选项正确。

【点睛】

非谓语动词是考试考查的重点,要掌握它的用法。首先,要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次,要知道非谓语动词的三种形式:现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和将要。再次,要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生,还是将要发生。其中分词做状语的考查尤为重要。

分析句子可知,本句的主语为he,谓语为returned, run out of “用光,耗尽”为非谓语与主语he在逻辑上是主动关系,且表示的动作明显发生在return的之前,所以用现在分词的完成

时having run of。故D选项正确。

35.We will gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning unless .

A.otherwise informing B.otherwise being informed

C.otherwise informed D.having otherwise informed

【答案】C

【解析】

考查让步状语从句省略现象。这里otherwise informed补充完整应是otherwise we are informed,但是因前后主语一致,所以省略主语,系动词。而我们应该是被通知,不是主动的。句意:我们将于明天早上八点在学校门口进行社区服务,除非另有通知。故选C。考点:考查动词的过去分词。

36.A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _____your muscles relaxed for over half an hour. A.to leave B.left C.leaving D.leave

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张,至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。分析句子可知,空格处做伴随状语。且与逻辑主语laugh构成主动关系,所以用现在分词。故选C。

37.Life is a journey _____with hardships, joys and special moments.

A.filled B.to fill C.filling D.having filled

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词,句意:生命是一个充满艰辛,快乐和特别时刻的旅程。在题干中_with hardship做journey的后置定语,与所修饰的journey构成被动关系,所以使用过去分词filled。be filled with做定语的时候,可以把be去掉。也可以转换成定语从句。故选A。

38.______ what had happened, they knew I would struggle and simply wanted to help because it was the right thing to do.

A.Hearing B.To have heard C.Having heard D.Heard

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语作状语。句意:听到发生的事情之后,他们知道我会努力,他们只是想帮忙,因为这是正确的事情。分析句子可知,本句的主语是they,与动词hear是主动关系,空格

发生的事是在they knew之前,因此要用完成时,故选C。

39.--- What caused the party to be put off? --- ______ the invitations.

A.Tom delayed sending B.Tom’s delaying sending

C.Tom delaying to send D.Tom delayed to send

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查动名词做主语的用法:问句是:什么导致会议被推迟的?回答应该是主语的内容,回答是省略式,完整的句子是:Tom’s delaying sending caused the party to be put off。Tom’s是逻辑主语,delay后面接动名词,选B。

考点; 考查动名词作主语

点评:做题时要学会分析句子成分,如果缺少主语的话,动词要用动名词做主语,但是有的句子是省略式,考生可以把句子还原再进行判断。

40.Look over there—there’s a very long,winding path ____up to the house.

A.leading B.leads

C.led D.to lead

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:看那儿——有一条很长的蜿蜒通向房子的小路。横线部分做定语修饰path,因为 Path与lead to构成主动关系,使用现在分词来修饰path。故选A。

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