过去式和过去分词

过去式和过去分词
过去式和过去分词

(一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词

一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如:cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-h urt-hurt, spread-spread-spread

特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。

二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如:

come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome

三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:

1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:

lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent

2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如:

sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held

3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如:

keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept

4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如:

buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teac h-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught

5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如:

say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid

6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如:

have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt

四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如:

五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如:

blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew -known

六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如:

rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten

特殊:write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten (二)、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1) 规则变化

情况例词读音与说明

一般在动词原形后加-ed look

call

open

need looked

called

opened

needed looked [lukt]

called [kC:ld]

opened [5EupEnd]

needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后

发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d] ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕

后发音为[id]

③但fix的过去式和过去

分词x不双写,为fixed.

以-e结尾的动词加-d move

phone

hope

agree moved

phoned

hoped

agreed moved [mu:vd]

phoned [fEund]

hoped [hEupt]

agreed [E5^ri:d]

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,

再加-ed study

carry

try studied

studied

carried studied [5stQdid]

carried [5kArid]

tried [traid]

以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play

enjoy

stay played

enjoyed

stayed played [pleid]

enjoyed [in5dVCid]

stayed [steid]

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop plan

fit stopped

planned

fitted stopped [stCpt]

planned [plAnd]

fitted [5fitid]

以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,

再加-ed prefer

refer preferred

referred preferred [prI`f:d]

referred [ri5fE:]

2) 不规则变化

英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。

例:

原形过去式过去分词

cut(切)

hit(打)

cast(扔)

hurt(伤害)

put(放)

let(让)

shut(关)

cost(花费)

set(放)

rid(清除)cut

hit

cast

hurt

put

let

shut

set

rid cut

hit

cast

hurt

put

let

shut

cost

set

rid

2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。例:

原形过去式过去分词

find(找到)

pay(支付)

leave(离开)

lend(借出)

meet(遇见)

keep(保持)

lose(丢失)

teach(教)

sit(坐)

lead(引导)

win(赢)除)found

paid

left

lent

met

kept

lost

taught

sat

led

won found

paid

lent

met

kept

lost

taught

sat

led

won

3.动词原形与过去分词同形

例:

原形过去式过去分词

come(来)

run(跑)

become(成为)came

ran

became come

run

become

4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。例:

原形过去式过去分词

give(给)

fly(飞)

drink(喝)

see(看见)

go(去)

know(知道)

wear(穿)

speak(说)gave

flew

drank

saw

went

knew

wore

spoke given

flown

drunk

seen

gone

known

worn

spoken

5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式

例:

原形过去式过去分词

burn(燃烧)burned

burnt burned

burnt

learn(学习)learned

learnt learned

learnt

smell(闻)smelled

smelt smelled

smelt

spell (拼写)spelled

spelt spelled

spelt

shine (照射)shined

shone shined

shone

leap (跳)leaped

leapt leaped

leapt

提示

a. beat的过去式与原形同形:

比:beat(打击)beat(过去式)beaten(过去分词)b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同

比:lie lied, lied(说谎)

lay, lain(躺,位于)

c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同

比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)

hung, hung(挂,吊)

d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词

比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)

welcome, welcome(误)

e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词

比:hit(打)hit, hit(正)

hitted, hitted(误)

6 现在分词的变化规则

规则动词原形现在分词及发音

一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,-ing发音为[iN] go

push

play

carry going [5^EuiN]

pushing [5puFiN]

playing [pleiiN]

carrying [5kAriiN]

以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing take

write

leave taking [5teikiN]

writing [5raitiN]

leaving [5li:viN]

重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop

stop

fit

begin

forget cutting [5kQtiN]

stopping [5stCpiN]

fitting [5fitiN]

beginning [bi5^iniN]forgetting [fE5^etiN]

以ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y,再加-ing lie

die

tie lying [5laiiN]

dying [5daiiN]

tying [5taiiN

(三)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳

A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.

cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put

let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit

shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read 读音/e/

lie---lied---lied 说谎lay---laid---laid 放置,下蛋

lay--- lain 躺下,位于,平放

eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold w eather.

She _____ her books on the table. ____

B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同

1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔:t〕

bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bought catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught

2. 动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。

get----got----got sell----sold----sold tell----told----told

3. 动词原形中i为a, …sit----sat----sat spit----spat----spat

4. 动词原形中i为o, …win----won----won shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined

5. 动词原形中an为oo, …stand----stood---stood understand----understood----understood

6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,…say----said----said pay----paid----paid

7. a)动词原形中的d为t,…send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent

spend----spent----spent build----built----built

b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , … smell----smelt----smelt lose----lost----lost

c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, …learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant 读音/e/

d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/

feel----felt----felt sleep----slept----slept sweep---swept----swept

keep---- kept----- kept

其它meet----met----met have----had----had hold----held----held make----made----made dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard

find----found----found hang----hung ----hung

C.原型与过去分词相同

come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become

D. 原形,过去式,和过去分词完全不同

1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词.

begin ---- began -----begun drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung

swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung

2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词.

blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known

throw ---- threw ---- thrown fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)

3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.

a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词.

drive----drove----driven rise---rose---risen write---wrote---written (双写t )

ride----rode----ridden (双写d )

b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词.

speak----spoke----spoken steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken

c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词.

wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen

choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten (双写t,加en )

d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词

eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat ---- beaten fall----fell----fallen

give----gave----given see----saw----seen take----took----taken

mistake---- mistook----- mistaken hide----hid----hidden (双写d )

E. 没有过去分词的动词

can ----- could -may---- might -shall---- should-will ---- would -

其它

am, is ---- was----- been are-----were----- been do-----did----- done

draw-----drew----- drawn/:/go-----went----- gone show----showed----shown

wear--- wore ---- worn

不规则动词的过去式

不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点,也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下:

1. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。过去分词不变.如:

become—became, come—came

2.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:

begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam ,sink—s ank,

3.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:

drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote

4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:

get—got,forget—forgot

5.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:

keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept

6. 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:

stand—stood,understand—understood

7.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:

draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)

8.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:

break—broke,speak—spoke

9.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:

sell—sold,tell—told

10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如:

bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught

11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:

can—could,shall—should,will—would

12.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,

mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕,dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕

13.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:

cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let,must—must,

put—put,read—read〔red〕,set—set

14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如:

dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shined smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked

15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:

am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has—had,hide—hid,hold—held,lay—laid,leave—left,lie—lay,lose—lost,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,smell—smelt,take—took,wake—woke,wear—wore

常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则

常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则 动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 一、规则变化: 1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结 尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 注:A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时,双 不双写都可以,如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。 去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked (交易,在…通B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked( 行)另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后) C. 读音与说明: ①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped ①.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed ①.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted 二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法: 1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如: put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must 2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如: build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如: mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如: blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed) 5.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如: keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如: come—came become—became sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 7.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如: bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught 8.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote 9.动词原形中的e改为o,如:get—got,forget—forgot

初中英语动词过去式与过去分词表(带音标)(最新整理)

初中常用动词的过去式、过去分词不规则变化的规律一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个) ⑴cost[k?st]—cost—cost---costing['k?st??]---costs[k?sts vi.价钱为; 花费 ⑵cut[k?t]—cut—cut---cutting['k?t??]---cuts vt. & vi.切, 剪, 割, 削 ⑶hit[hit]—hit—hit---hitting---hits vt. & vi.打, 打击;碰撞vt.伤害, 殃及 ⑷hurt[h?:t]—hurt—hurt---hurting---hurts vt.使受伤; 伤害 ⑸let[let]—let—let ---letting vt.让, 使;放掉, 松掉 ⑹put[put]—put—put---putting vt.放; 置;使处于(某种状态);表达, 叙述, 说明 ⑺read[ri:d]—read—read ---reading vt. & vi.读; 看懂, 理解 ⑻set[set]—set—set---setting---sets vt.放, 搁置 ⑼shut[??t]—shut—shut ---shutting---shuts vt. & vi.关, 关上 二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个) 1 过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个) ⑴bring[bri?]—brought[br?:t]—brought ---bringing---brings vt.带来, 拿来, 带…到某处, 取来 ⑵buy [bai]— bought [b?:t]—bought ---buying vt. & vi.购买, 购得;做出牺牲以获得 ⑶think [θi?k]—thought [θ?:t]— thought ---thinging vt. & vi.想, 思索;以为; 认为 2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个) ⑴build [bild]—built [bilt]—built ---building---builds vt. & vi.修建, 建造;开发, 创建 ⑵lend [lend]—lent [lent]— lent---lending vt. & vi.把…借给 ⑶send [send]—sent [sent]—sent ---sending vt.送, 寄; 派遣;使…猛然[迅速]移动 ⑷spend [spend]—spent [spent]— spent ---spending vt. & vi.用钱, 花钱vt.度过; 用尽 3.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个) ⑴catch [k?t?]—caught [k?:t]—caught ---catching---catches vt.接住;逮住, 抓住;偶然撞见;赶上, 追上;患病;;理解, 听懂, ⑵teach [ti:t?]—taught [t?:t]—taught ---tesching vt. & vi.教 4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个) ⑴keep [ki:p]—kept [kept]—kept---keeping---keeps vt. & vi. & link v.(使)保持; (使)继续 ⑵sleep [sli:p]—slept[slept]—slept ---sleeping---sleeps v.睡眠 ⑶sweep[swi:p]— swept[swept]—swept ---sweeping---sweeps vt. & vi.扫, 打扫, 拂去;扫视 5 把-ell变为-old。(2个) ⑴tell[tel]—told[t??ld]—told ---telling['tel??] vt.讲, 告诉;吩咐, 命令;表明, 显示vt. & vi.分辨, 辨别 ⑵sell[sel]—sold[s??ld]—sold ---selling[‘seli?] vt. & vi.卖; 售; 销 6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个) ⑴smell[smel]—smelt—smelt---smelling---smells vt.闻到; 嗅出 ⑵spell[spel]—spelt[spelt];spelled—spelt;spelled---spelling vt. & vi.拼写, 拼读 ⑶feel[fi:l]—felt[felt]— felt---feeling vt.触, 摸vt. [感觉到];觉得, 认为 ⑷spill[spil]—spilt[spilt];spilled—spilt;spilled---spilling vt. & vi.溢出; 泼出7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个) ⑴learn[l?:n]—learnt[l?:nt];learned—learnt;learned---learning vt. & vi.学习; 学; 学会;得知; 获悉; 听说 ⑵mean[mi:n]—meant[ment]—meant---meaning vt.表示…的意思;本意是, 原意为; 意味;怀有某目的; 打算; ⑶spoil[sp?il]—spoilt[sp??lt]—spoilt---spoiling---spoils[sp?ilz] vt.损坏; 毁掉;溺爱, 宠坏 8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个) ⑴say[sei]—said[sed]—said---saying vt. & vi.说; 讲 ⑵pay[pei]—paid[pe?d]—paid---paying vt. & vi.付给; 付款;有利可图; (对…)有利, (对…)值得 ⑶lay[lei]—laid[le?d]—laid---laying vt.放置;压倒, 使躺下, 放倒vt. & vi.生蛋, 产卵 ⑷hear [hi?]—heard [h?:d]—heard---hearing vt. & vi.听到, 听见 9.改变元音字母。(11个) ⑴meet [mi:t]—met [met]—met---meeting vt. & vi.遇见, 碰见, 相见;认识, 结识vt.迎接; ⑵get [ɡet]—got [g?t]—got;gotten ['ɡ?tn]---getting vt.得到, 收到;具有;使得;(去)拿来;vt. & vi.到达,来, 往 ⑶sit [sit]—sat [s?t]—sat---sitting vt. & vi.(使)坐 ⑷find [faind]—found [faund]—found---finding---finds(单三形式) vt.找到, 发现;发觉, 感到 ⑸hold [h?uld]—held [held]—held---holding---holds(单三形式) vt.拿, 抱, 握住;认为, 相信;包含; 容纳 ⑹spit [spit]—spat [sp?t];spitted—spat;spitted---spitting vt. & vi.吐痰; 吐出; ⑺shine [?ain]—shone [???n];shined—shone;shined---shining---shines vi.发光; 反射光; 照耀;表现突出, 出众vt.照射;〈美〉擦亮 ⑻win [win]—won [w?n, w??n]—won---winning---wins vt. & vi.(在…中)获胜, 赢, 战胜(对手) ⑼hang [h??]—hung [h ??]; hanged—hung; hanged ---hanging ['h????] vt. & vi.悬, 挂, 垂下;(被)绞死, 吊死;贴, 固定, 安装 ⑽dig [diɡ]— dug [d?g]—dug vt. & vi.挖, 掘 ⑾lose [lu:z]—lost [l?:st, l?st]—lost vt.遗失; 失去 10.改变辅音字母。(1个) make [meik]—made [me?d]—made---making---makes vt.做; 制造; 被制造;做出, 制定, 产生;使, 使得; 11 改变元、辅音字母。(4个) ⑴leave [li:v]—left [left]—left vt.把…留下; 遗忘;听任, 让;交托, 委托vt. & vi.离去, 离开; 出发; ⑵stand [st?nd]—stood [st?d]—stood---standing---stands vt. & vi.站立, (使)直立, 站着 ⑶have [h?v]—had [h?d]—had---having------has[h?z] (have 的第三人称单数现在式) vt.有;持有,具有;含有;吃;喝 ⑷understand[,?nd?'st?nd]—understood—understood---understanding vt. & vi.懂; 理解 三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个) 1 i—a—u变化。(6个) 1

最新过去式与过去分词的区别

动词的过去式和过去分词的区别 一、形式上的区别 1、规则动词的过去式和过去分词没有区别,基本都是在动词后面加上e d。 2、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有些不一样,但也有不少是一样的。比如read,它的过去式和过去分词和动词原形是一样的,只是读音有所区别。 因此,你试图从形式上来区分过去式和过去分词是行不通的,即使你把不规则动词表背得很熟也没有一点用。 我们反对大家死背不规则动词表,用到某个动词时查一下就行了,为什么要死背呢?或许有人又会说,不背下来考试时怎么办呢?请大家多看看高考试卷,看看有什么地方需要你死背单词的? 二、意义上的区别 动词的过去式和过去分词实际上都是用来描述一个“已经发生的行为”,区别只是着重点不同,过去式着重点在“行为本身”,相当于汉语的“~了”。过去分词着重点在“行为的结果或影响”,也就是说动词的过去分词主要是用于说明相当于汉语“已~”或“被~”这样的概念。

三、过去式和过去分词的本质区别 过去式是限定动词,只能用在直接接主语(和主语之间没有其它的动词)的场合。而过去分词是非限定动词,不能直接接主语,如果用在接主语的场合,必须在主语和过去分词之间增加一个助动词。 [过去分词属非谓语动词] 助动词:没有实际意义,帮助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词。 be动词is,am,are 助动词has,have,had 助动词do ,does ,did 助动词shall, will 助动词should, would 所以大家只要了解了句子的主语,就能很准确地区分过去式和过去分词。 请大家读一读下面的句子: He is washed from sin. 他被洗清罪恶。 提示:washed和主语he之间有一个助动词is。 Tears washed her cheeks. 眼泪沾湿了她的面颊。 The green car caught me on the straightaway.

过去式与过去分词的区别

过去式与过去分词的区别 简单来说 过去式通常用在一般过去时中,表示过去发生的动作。 Eg: My mother taught me English last summer holiday. 过去分词有几种常见用法: 1.用在完成时态中(has/had+done),表示在过去已经完成的动作; 2.用在被动语态中(be+done),表示物主“被。。。”的动作,比如:Chinese is spoken by many people.; 3.做表语(be+done),表示物主的状态,比如:the shop is closed. 4. 作修饰词(done),表示物主的状态。比如 a written report 动词的过去式和过去分词的区别 一、形式上的区别 1、规则动词的过去式和过去分词没有区别,基本都是在动词后面加上e d。

2、不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有些不一样,但也有不少是一样的。比如read,它的过去式和过去分词和动词原形是一样的,只是读音有所区别。 因此,你试图从形式上来区分过去式和过去分词是行不通的,即使你把不规则动词表背得很熟也没有一点用。 我们反对大家死背不规则动词表,用到某个动词时查一下就行了,为什么要死背呢?或许有人又会说,不背下来考试时怎么办呢?请大家多看看高考试卷,看看有什么地方需要你死背单词的? 二、意义上的区别 动词的过去式和过去分词实际上都是用来描述一个“已经发生的行为”,区别只是着重点不同,过去式着重点在“行为本身”,相当于汉语的“~了”。过去分词着重点在“行为的结果或影响”,也就是说动词的过

去分词主要是用于说明相当于汉语“已~”或“被~”这样的概念。 三、过去式和过去分词的本质区别 过去式是限定动词,只能用在直接接主语(和主语之间没有其它的动词)的场合。而过去分词是非限定动词,不能直接接主语,如果用在接主语的场合,必须在主语和过去分词之间增加一个助动词。 [过去分词属非谓语动词] 助动词:没有实际意义,帮助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词。 be动词is,am,are 助动词has,have,had 助动词do ,does ,did 助动词shall, will 助动词should, would 所以大家只要了解了句子的主语,就能很准确地区分过去式和过去分词。

整理:动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

整理:动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 Ⅰ. 规则变化: 1. 一般情况直接加ed,如ask—asked, work—worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love—loved, dance—danced 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如try—tried, study—studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结 尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted II.不规则动词表: (1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) cost(花费)cost cost shut shutshut cut(割)cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英) hit(打)hit hit hurt 伤害)hurt hurt let(让)let let put(放)put put read (读)read read (2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形) beat(跳动)beat beaten (3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) become(变成)became become awake awoke awoken come(来)came come run(跑)ran run (4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形) dig(挖)dug dug build built built get(得到)got got/gotten catch caught caught hang(吊死)hanged hanged deal dealt dealt hang(悬挂)hung hung feed fed fed hold(抓住)held held find found found shine(照耀)shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbidden sit(坐)sat sat pay paid paid win (赢)won won send sent sent meet(遇见)met met shoot shot shot keep (保持)kept kept tell told told

动词过去式与过去分词变化规则

动词过去式与过去分词变化规则 ①一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加ed。如:worked,watched。 ②以哑巴e结尾的动词,直接加d。如:hoped,lived。 ③以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加 ed。如:stopped, shipped。 ④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加ed。如:carried,worried。 ⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则,需要特殊记忆。 (1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) let(让) let let cut(割) cut cut put(放) put put read (读) read read 】 cost(花费) cost cost hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt (2)AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形) beat(跳动) beat beaten (3)ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) run(跑) ran run come(来) came come become(变成) became become (4)ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形) sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won ~ get(得到) got got meet(遇见) met met sleep(睡) slept slept feel(感觉) felt felt keep (保持) kept kept sweep(扫) swept swept hold(抓住) held held dig(挖) dug dug hang(吊死) hanged hanged hang(悬挂) hung hung

初中英语过去式过去分词归类大全

初中英语过去式过去分词归类大全 一、 AAA 型 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 bet bet bet赌 cut cut cut切,割 cast cast cast抛 cost cost cost花费,值 hit hit hit打、撞、击 hurt hurt hurt使??伤痛 let let let让 put put put放 read read read读 set set set安排 bite bit bit/bitten叮、咬 quit quit/quitted quit/quitted放弃 rid rid/ridded rid/ridded免除 spit spat/spit spat/spit吐出 wet wet/wetted wet/wetted淋湿 二、 ABA 型 原形→过去式原形汉语意思 become became become成为 come came come来 run ran run跑 三、 ABC 型 1.i+1 辅+e过去式 i→o原形 +n give,hide 除外 drive drove driven驾驶 write wrote written写 ride rode ridden骑 1/3 rise rose risen升高 arise arose arisen出现 2.原形 ow→过去式→ ew原形→ own汉语意思 blow blew blown吹 grow grew grown生长 show showed shown展示 know knew known知道 throw threw thrown投掷 fly flew flown飞 3.原形 i→i→ a i→ u汉语意思 begin began begun开始 drink drank drunk喝 sing sang sung唱 swim swam swum游泳 ring rang rung打电话 spring sprang/sprung sprung跳跃 4.原形→原形 +(e)d原形 +(e)n汉语意思 saw sawed sawed/sawn锯 sew sewed sewed/sewn缝合 sow sowed sowed/sown种植 prove proved proved/proven证明 5.无规律过去式过去分词汉语意思 break broke broken打破 speak spoke spoken说 steal stole stolen偷 awake awoke awaked/woken醒来 choose chose chosen选择

动词原形,过去式,过去分词整理。

A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 shut --- shut --- shut set -- set --- set 2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形) beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形) come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A---B ---B 型 (1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习

mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 (2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“c改为“t构成过去式或过去分词 build built built 建筑 lenc lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spe nd spe nt spe nt 花费 ( 3)其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白

(完整版)史上最全英语动词过去式与过去分词表(带音标)

常用动词的过去式、过去分词不规则变化的规律 (史上最全) 一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个) 1. cost[k?st]—cost—cost---costing['k?st??]---costs[k?sts] n.价格, 成本, 费用;代价, 损失 vi.价钱为; 花费 vt.付出(代价), 失去;估价 2. cut[k?t]—cut—cut---cutting['k?t??]---cuts vt. & vi.切, 剪, 割, 削 vt.削减;挖成; 刻成;使(某人)感到疼痛或痛苦;(直线)与(另一条直线)相交;不出席, 不到场;灌制(唱片) n.切, 割, 砍; 用刀等割的破口;减少, 降低; 删减;裁剪样式;伤感情的话或行为 3. hit[hit]—hit—hit---hitting---hits vt. & vi.打, 打击;碰撞 vt.伤害, 殃及 n.一击, 击中;成功而风行一时的事物 4. hurt[h?:t]—hurt—hurt---hurting---hurts vt.使受伤; 伤害;vi.疼痛 vt. & vi.对…有害; 对…有不良影响 n.肉体上的伤害[痛苦];精神上的痛苦[创伤] 5. let[let]—let—let ---letting vt.让, 使;放掉, 松掉;vt. & vi.出租 6. put[put]—put—put---putting vt.放; 置;使处于(某种状态);表达, 叙述, 说明 7. read[ri:d]—read—read ---reading vt. & vi.读; 看懂, 理解;vt.显示; 标明 8. set[set]—set—set---setting---sets vt.放, 搁置;vi.(日、月等)落, 下沉;(植物)结子, 结果 n.(一)套, (一)副;收音机; 电视机 adj.固定的; 指定的;不变的 9. shut[??t]—shut—shut ---shutting---shuts vt. & vi.关, 关上

(完整版)朗文字典-过去式-过去分词-总表-大全-汇总-集锦-秘籍

abide abided, abode abided arise arose arisen awake awoke, awaked awoken be am was been is are were bear bore borne beat beat beat, beaten become became become befall befell befallen beget begot, begat [圣经] begotten begin began begun behold beheld beheld bend bent bent bereave bereft, bereaved bereft, bereaved beseech besought, beseeched besought, beseeched beset beset beset bestride bestrode bestridden bet bet, betted bet, betted betake betook betaken bethink bethought bethought bid bade, bid bid, bidden bind bound bound bite bit bitten bleed bled bled bless blessed, blest blessed, blest blow blew blown break broke broken breed bred bred bring brought brought broadcast broadcast broadcast build built built burn burned, burnt burned, burnt burst burst burst buy bought bought can能够could 无 can封装罐头canned canned cast cast cast catch caught caught chide chided, chid chid, chidden choose chose chosen cleave cleaved, cleft, clove cleaved, cleft, cloven

过去式过去分词

AAA型过去式、过去分词与原形一致 原形过去式过去词词义 cut cut cut 切、割 shut shut shut 关、闭(门窗) put put put 放置 let let let 让 set set set 设置 hit hit hit 撞击 hurt hurt hurt 受伤;疼痛 cost cost cost 值…钱;花费 read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读;阅读 AAB型过去式与原形一致 beat beat beaten 击败 ABA型过去分词与原形一致 run ran run 跑步;逃跑come came come 来 become became become 变得;成为 ABB型过去式与过去分词一致 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架;打仗think thought thought 想;认为seek sought sought 寻找;探究bring brought brought 带来 catch caught caught 抓住;接住

teach taught taught 教;教书 lend lent lent 借出 send sent sent 送;派遣 spend spent spent 花费(时间、金钱)build built built 建设;建立 feel felt felt 感觉;摸起来leave left left 离开 keep kept kept 保持;保留 sleep slept slept 睡觉oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头sweep swept swept 打扫 mean [mi:n] meant [ment] meant [ment] 意思是 learn learnt / learned learnt /learned 学;学会burn burnt / burned burnt / burned 燃烧;烧伤hear [hiE] heard [hE:d] heard [hE:d] 听见 lead led led 领导;致使mislead misled misled 把…引错方向 feed fed fed 喂养;喂食 flee fled fled 逃跑 meet met met 遇见;碰到 shoot shot shot 射击 light lit / lighted lit / lighted 点燃 get got got 获得;得到 win won won 获胜;赢得 sit sat sat 坐下 dig dug dug 挖掘

的过去式和过去分词

unit 8 How was your school trip ? Period One Teaching aims and demands .1 words and phrases aquarium ,shark, seal, souvenir , ate (eat ) , else , win ,(won,won ), autograph, got , (get 的过去式和过去分词) , 2 学习There be 结构的过去时 . 3 学习行为动词的一般过去时 4 教学方法:从谈论过去做的事情入手 5 用到的动词过去式有 Go –went , have –had , take-took ,eat-ate, hang-hung, see-saw, buy –bought ,win-won ,get-got, meet-met, Step 1 Revision Ask ss to say the past form of the words Teacher says some sentences ,then ask ss to answer . Where were you yesterday ? Were you at home yesterday ? Were you happy yesterday ? Where was your mother yesterday ? Is she at work today ? Notice the difference between was and were ,is and are . Then ask : Did you get up early yesterday ? What time did you get up ? Did you go to Beijing last year ? Did you have a good time last Sunday ? Correct the errors the ss made teach them how to use the correct forms every day ?yesterday I get home at 5:00 every day. ?Jack sees a film every day.

过去式过去分词表

原形过去式过去分词baby-sit临时照顾baby-sat baby-sat be(am/is/are)是was/were been beat 击打beat beaten become 变成became become begin 开始began begun bend 使弯曲bent bent bet 赌bet bet bite 咬bit bitten/bit blow 吹blew blown break 打破broke broken bring 拿来brought brought build 建造built built burn 燃烧burnt/burned burnt/burned buy 买bought bought can 能could cast 抛cast cast catch 捕捉caught caught choose 选择chose chosen come来came come cost花费cost cost cut割cut cut deal 分配dealt dealt dig挖dug dug do /does做did done draw画拉拖drew drawn dream 做梦dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt drink 喝drank drunk drive驾驶drove driven eat吃ate eaten fall 掉落fell fallen feed喂fed fed feel 触摸felt felt fight作战fought fought find 找出found found fly 飞flew flown forbid 禁止forbade/forbad forbidden forget 忘记forgot forgot/forgotten forgive原谅forgave forgiven freeze 结冰froze frozen get 得到got got give给gave given

过去式和过去分词

(一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词 一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如:cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-h urt-hurt, spread-spread-spread 特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。 二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如: come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome 三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如: 1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如: lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent 2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如: sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held 3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如: keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept 4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如: buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teac h-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught 5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如: say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid 6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如: have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt 四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如: 五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如: blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew -known 六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如: rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten 特殊:write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten (二)、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 情况例词读音与说明

常用过去式过去分词一览表

arise出现arose arisen awake 醒来awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit 临时照顾baby-sat baby-sat be(am/is/are) 是was / were been beat 击打beat beaten become 变成became become begin 开始began begun bend 使弯曲bent bent bet 赌bet bet bite 咬bit bitten / bit blow 吹blew blown break 打破broke broken bring 拿来brought brought build 建造built built burn 燃烧burnt / burned burnt / burned buy 买bought bought can 能could cast 抛cast cast catch捕捉caught caught choose 选择chose chosen come来came come cost 花费cost cost cut 割cut cut deal 分配dealt dealt dig 挖dug dug do / does 做did done draw 画,拉,拖drew drawn dream 做梦dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed drink 喝drank drunk drive驾驶drove driven eat 吃ate eaten fall掉落fell fallen feed 喂fed fed feel 触摸felt felt fight作战fought fought find找出found found ( found 建立founded founded ) fly 飞flew flown forbid禁止forbade / forbad forbidden forget忘记forgot forgotten / forgot forgive原谅forgave forgiven freeze结冰froze frozen get 得到got got give 给gave given go去went gone grow 成长grew grown hang悬挂hung hung have / has 有had had hear听到heard heard hide隐藏hid hidden / hid hit打hit hit hold 拿住held held hurt 受伤hurt hurt keep 保持kept kept know 知道knew known lay铺,放,下蛋laid laid lead 引导led led

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