管支架标准

Contract Title 合同标题

Shanghai Secco Petrochemicals Company Limited

上海赛科石油化工有限责任公司

Integrated Project Management Team

一体化项目管理组

Caojing, Shanghai, P R China

中国上海漕泾

Document Title 文件标题

STANDARD FOR PIPE SUPPORTS

管支架标准

DOCUMENT NUMBER

文件号

HARD COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED

硬拷贝为非受控文件

STANDARD FOR PIPE SUPPORTS

管支架标准

TABLE OF CONTENTS

目录

1.0 SCOPE范围

2.0 REGULATIONS规定

2.1 C ODES 规范

2.2 R EFERENCE S TANDARDS 参考标准

3.0 DESIGN||设计

3.1 LARGE BORE PIPE SUPPORTS BY BUYER 买方负责的大口径管架

3.2 SMALL BORE PIPE SUPPORTS BY BUYER买方负责的小口径管架

3.3 PIPE SUPPORTS BY FIELD现场制作的管架

3.4 CRITERIA FOR ALL SUPPORTS所有支架的要求

3.5 PIPE SHOES, CRADLES AND ATTACHMENTS管托,支架和附件

3.6 SPRING SUPPORTS弹簧支架

3.7 BUILDING ATTACHMENTS建筑物附件

3.8 SLEEPERS AND GRADE PIERS FOR SUPPORTS水平及坡度管的管架

4.0 WELDED ATTACHMENTS||焊接附件

4.1 DESIGN设计

4.2 MATERIALS材料

5.0 ENGINEERED PIPE SUPPORTS ( SPRING SUPPORTS ETC)管架设计( 弹

簧支架等等.)

5.1 REGULATIONS规定

5.2 CODES规范

5.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS参考标准

5.4 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS设计要求

7.0 MATERIALS材料

8.0 FABRICATION制作

9.0 PAINTING油漆

SECTION 1 –DESIGN CRITERIA 第一节–设计标准

1.0 SCOPE范围

This specification covers the Secco minimum technical engineering requirements for materials, welded attachments and the design of pipe supports

本规范包括赛科材料、焊接附件和管架设计的最低工程技术要求。

2.0 REGULATIONS规定

The following documents, including applicable addenda, constitute a part of this standard as described herein T HE REFERENCED EDITION OF THESE DOCUMENTS SHALL BE THAT WHICH IS IN EFFECT AS OF THE ISSUE DATE OF THIS STANDARD

下列各项文件，包括可适用附录，构成标准的部分内容。这些文件的参考的版本将是有效出版日期的标准。

2.1 C ODES 规范

Comply with all applicable federal, state and local codes including

遵守所有可适用联邦、州和地方规范包括:

GBJ17-88 Code for design of steel structures

《钢结构设计规范》

(AISC) (American Institute of Steel Construction||AISC)

《美国钢结构学会》

GB 50316 Design code for industrial metallic piping

《工业金属管道设计规范》

(ASME) (American Society of Mechanical Engineering

《美国机械工程协会》

(B31.3) (Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping

《化工装置和炼油厂管道》.

SH3073-95 Design specification for piping support and hanger in

petrochemical industry

《石油化工管支架和吊架设计规范》

2.2 R EFERENCE S TANDARDS参考标准

GB/T||GB/T 17116.1/2

(MSS) (Manufacturers Standardization Society

《制造厂标准化协会》

GB/T 17116.1/2 Pipe hangers and supports-materials, design and

manufacture

管吊架和支架-材料、设计和制造

(SP-58) (Pipe Hangers and Supports - Materials, Design and

Manufacture

(管吊架和支架-材料、设计和制造)

Gb10181-88 Constant support spring hangers

常量支架弹簧吊架

GB10182-88 Variable spring hangers

变量弹簧吊架

SD-00-TSC-PP-0002 Process and Utility Piping Design Requirements

工艺和公用工程管道设计要求

SD-00-TSC-PP-0008 Piping Flexibility-Design Criteria

管道弹性-设计标准

SD-00-TSC-MS-0023 Piping Welding

管道焊接

SD-00-TSC-MS-0025 Protective Coatings and Application Requirements

保护涂层和使用要求

3.0 DESIGN设计

3.1 L ARGE B ORE P IPE S UPPORTS大口径管架

3.1.1 All piping NPD 75 mm (three inches) and larger shall have supports engineered

所有大于和等于NPD 75毫米(3英寸) 管道支架需工程设计。

3.1.2 Supports will be identified and located by a specific mark number

支架将有详细标识号以识别和查找.

3.2 S MALL B ORE P IPE S UPPORTS小口径管架

3.2.1 All supports for small bore piping NPD 50 mm (two inches) and smaller shall as far as

possible have supports engineered or designed and purchased/fabricated on job site

by construction contractor, with exceptions as follows

所有小口径管道NPD 50毫米(2英寸)和小的支架，将尽可能的工程建设承包商进行支

架设计、购买/现场制作。但以下列各项除外:

3.5.8.1 Lines with operating temperature of pipe is 343°C (650 deg F) or greater

管道的操作温度大于或等于343°C (650 deg F).

3.5.8.1 Stress relieved lines with welded pipe support components

焊有支架部件的应力消除管线

3.5.8.1 Lines which have two-phase flow medium

2相流介质管线

3.5.8.1 Lines connected to reciprocating compressors

连接到往复式压缩机的管线

3.5.8.1 Piping which requires supports from vessels

容器上需要支架的管道

3.5.8.1 All anchors and shoes, guides or cradles on pipe racks

管廊上的所有固定支架、管托、导向管架或托架

3.5.8.1 Piping in services requiring Class 900 ANSI flange rating or higher

管道连接需要法兰等级900 ANSI或更高

3.5.8.1 Plastic lines carrying process fluids

塑胶管线输送的工艺物料.

3.5.8.1 Process pipelines in refrigeration (R) service, -43°C (-45 deg F) and below,

requiring cold insulated supports

在-43°C (-45 deg F) 及以下和需要冷保温支架的低温工艺管道

3.3 P IPE S UPPORTS BY F IELD现场制作管架

3.3.1 For supports by field, the Field (construction contractor) shall design and fabricate all

small bore pipe supports The Engineering department shall furnish typical details as

guidelines

对现场支架，在现场(施工承包商) 将设计和制作所有小口径管架，设计部门将供应典型

的详细资料以指导工作.

3.3.2 The field (personnel at job site) shall not in any case support field supported lines

from existing insulated lines (cold, hot, etc)

现场（现场工作人员）在任何情况下不得用已有的保温管线（保冷/保热等等）用作其它

管线的支架。

3.4 C RITERIA FOR A LL S UPPORTS所有支架标准

3.4.1 Miscellaneous structural steel members for pipe supports shall be designed in

accordance with the GBJ17-88 (AISC) All other components of pipe supports shall

conform to requirements of GB 50316-2000 (ASME B1.3,)

其它管架钢结构型号应按照GBJ17-88 规定(AISC). 所有管架其他的部件将符合GB

50316-2000 的要求(ASME B31.3,).

3.4.2 The design of the support system shall take full advantage of commercially available

load-rated and tested hanger components.

支架系统的设计将充分利用商业上可用到的额定荷载和测试吊架部件。

3.4.3 Pipe supports shall be designed to satisfy all conditions to which the piping and/or

equipment may be subjected besides operational condition; e.g. seismic or wind

loads, where applicable, hydrostatic test loads, etc.

管架设计将满足管道和/或设备可能遇到的操作工况。应计入地震、风载和水压试验等荷

载。

3.4.3.1 Stresses must be kept within permissible values as per the applicable code(s).

应力必须满足适用规范内可允许的数值。

3.4.3.2 Support systems shall be designed to accommodate movements due to thermal

expansion or contraction of the piping and connected equipment

支架系统的设计应保证由于管道的热胀冷缩和连接设备而能正常移动.

3.4.4 All Support components shall be fabricated and erected so that they cannot become

disengaged by movement of the supported piping.

应正确制作和装配全部支架部件，使他们不能因已被支承的管道位移而分离。

3.4.5 Support points shall be selected to optimize load distribution and weight balance,

taking into consideration available building structures to which supports can be most

readily affixed.

支架点的选择是荷载分布最优化和重量平衡处。并考虑在建筑物结构上安装支承.

3.4.6 Excessive support loads shall be transmitted to Civil Structural for review and

approval.

超额的支承荷载将被传输到土建结构并经复查及通过.

3.4.7 Maximum pipe spans shall be limited so that the longitudinal stress due to weight

loading shall not exceed the allowable stress in tension value of the pipe at its design

temperature

应限制最大的管跨距，其由于重量荷载引起的纵向应力将不超过设计温度下管的允许拉

应力值.

3.4.7.1 Concentrated loading due to valves, flanges, branches, etc must be taken into

consideration when computing allowable spans

在计算允许应力时，必须考虑阀门、法兰、支管等的集中荷载。

3.4.7.2 Normally, for pipes NPD 450 mm (18 inches) and smaller, the spacing between

supports shall be selected so that the maximum deflection does not exceed 16 mm

(5/8 inch)/

一般来讲，对于等于和小于NPD 450毫米(18英寸) 的管道，支架间距的选择应保证

其最大挠度不超越16毫米(5/8英寸)。

3.4.8 One leg of control valve stations should be anchored or guided and pipe legs

entering and leaving the station must be flexible enough so as not to exceed

allowable thermal stresses in the piping

调节阀站的一个支腿应该是固定或导向型，进入和离开该站的管柱必须有足够的柔韧

性，不超过管道允许的热应力。

3.4.9 Minimum headroom clearance off the lowest projection of any hanger or support

component shall be limited to headroom clearance specified in Engineering Standard

SD-00-TSC-PP-0002 "Process and Utility Piping Design Requirements”.

任何吊架或支架成分的最小净空将被限制在工程标准SD-00-TSC-PP-0002 "工艺和公

用工程管道设计要求"中的净空距离.

3.4.10 The term "cold spring" (cut short or cut long), indicates that the pipe is to be

fabricated shorter or longer respectively by the amount shown on the drawing

名称"低温弹簧" (割断或拉长)，应分别表明在图中指出管制作时需短或长的数量.

3.4.11 Main anchors required for expansion joints without hinged pin or gimbal devices shall

have sufficient capacity to withstand internal pressure plus joint-spring force.

没有铰链钉或万向节装置的膨胀节的主要固定螺栓将有足够的能力承受内压和接缝弹

力。

3.4.11.1 The internal pressure force shall be calculated as the product of the hydrostatic test

pressure and the maximum internal area of the joint.

应计算接头的最大内压面积和水压试验压力。

3.4.11.2 Guides for expansion joints shall direct piping movement into the joint within the joint

manufacturer's allowable lateral and angular misalignment limits.

膨胀节导向管架应直接将管道移入接缝内，并符合接头制造厂的允许侧向和角向位移限

制。

3.4.12 The base support of pipes entering and leaving rotating equipment in outdoor

installations must be given special attention.

转动设备入口和出口管线的底座支架在室外安装时应给予特别关注。

3.4.12.1 When "frost" or differential settlement is anticipated, no rigid support shall be used in

the vicinity of pumps, turbines, expanders or other sensitive equipment which utilizes

a base pier bearing directly on the concrete slab.

如果预期出现霜冻或微沉降，则刚性支架不能用于直接安装在混凝土基础上的泵、透平、

扩张机或其它敏感设备。

Due to "frost heave" such a support would damage the machine once frost is

initiated.

"冻胀" 会在结冰时对设备造成损坏。

3.4.12.2 Base supports should rest on a pedestal poured integrally with the pump foundation,

or if that is not feasible, the pier should be poured to a depth of 150 mm (Six inches)

below the frost line specified for the site or to firm soil (whichever is deeper).

基础支架应该与泵基础整体浇筑；或如果不可行，基础灌浆应到冻深线150毫米(六英

寸)处或到硬土深度（取较大值).

3.4.12.3 As an alternate, the riser could be supported by a spring from overhead structural

steel.

作为备选方案，立管可从钢结构顶部通过弹簧来支承.

3.4.13 The base support of pipe entering and leaving rotating equipment in enclosed or

heated buildings can be a rigid support where the pier bears directly on the floor slab.

转动设备进出口管线基础管线如果处于室内或具有供热的建筑物内部时，刚性支架可直

接支承在混凝土底座上。

3.4.13.1 In any case where a rigid support is specified, the point of attachment to the pipe

shall be located so that no differential vertical thermal movement between the

equipment anchor and the support point results.

在任何情况下，如果规定使用刚性支架，使管道支架点和设备地脚螺栓之间不会产生垂

直热位移。

3.4.14 Anchors, supports and guides shall be designed to prevent the transmission of

excessive heat to the building steel or concrete beam.

地脚螺栓、支架和导向管架的设计应防止超额的热量传送到建筑物钢或混凝土梁上. 3.4.14.1 The design temperature for determining allowable stresses on the support

components shall be based on a reduction factor of 40°C (100 deg. F) per 25 mm

(inch) from the outside surface of the pipe for all parts in direct contact or welded to

the pipe.

决定支架部件的许用应力设计温度应基于管道外表面的换算系数40°C (100 deg.

F)/25毫米(英寸) ，包括直接联接或焊接到管子上所有部分。

3.4.15 Where the piping system is subject to frequent or critical shock loadings, hangers

shall be supplemented by shock control equipment of an approved design.

管道系统应服从时常发生的或临界的冲击荷载，吊架应安装到核准设计的冲击控制设备.

3.4.15.1 This equipment shall be designed to control undesirable piping movement, resulting

from shock loading, without interfering with normal movement (slowly occurring

thermal expansion. An approved shock arrestor shall be used.

设备的设计应控制不合适的来自冲击荷载管道位移，而且不会妨碍正常位移(慢慢地发

生热膨胀)。应使用避震设备。

3.4.16 Horizontal or vertical pipes should preferably be supported at the location of least

vertical movement.

水平的或垂直的管道应该更适宜是支撑在具有最小垂直位移的位置.

3.4.17 Horizontal axial movements of a pipe in excess of five 127 mm (five inches) requires

a check on the length of pipe shoe being used. It is imperative that the length of all

shoes is such that they remain on the supporting steel during the full anticipated

movement of the line.

管道水平轴向位移如果超过127毫米(五英寸)，则需要检查管托的长度。必须保证管托

长度在管线预期位移时不会脱离支架。

3.4.18 At points of support subject to horizontal movements, rod type hangers shall be

limited in rod swing to a maximum of four degrees from the vertical.

对于水平位移支架点，杆型吊架的吊杆在垂直方向摆动的最大度数为4度。

3.4.18.1 A reasonable effort should be made to have the rods in a vertical position during

normal operating conditions. This will require offsetting the clamp and/or pipe

attachments to be shown on engineering detail drawings.

应努力使吊杆在正常操作条件期间保持在垂直的位置。要求补偿夹子和/或管附件在工程

详图上进行标注。

3.4.18.2 A minimum of 380 mm (15 inches) of rod must be provided for each 25 mm (inch) of

anticipated horizontal movement of the supported pipe.

每25毫米(英寸)支撑管道的预期水平位移，应提供最小为380毫米(15英寸) 的吊杆.

3.4.18.3 Hanger rods shall be designed with a minimum factor of safety of five based on the

ultimate strength of the material.

吊杆的强度设计最小应为材料极限强度的5倍.

3.4.18.4 Hanger rods should be so calculated to enable the support of piping "before and after

cold strain" as well as to provide for a least 50 mm (two inches) of rod adjustment

subsequent to hanger erection.

吊架杆应该通过计算使支承的管道"在冷紧前后" 的杆在垂直方向最小有50毫米(二英

寸)的调整裕量.

3.4.19 Lines in mixed flow condition of flow (boiler blow down lines, etc.) shall be supported

on rigid supports, unless thermal movements dictate otherwise. Hangers shall not be

used for these lines.

混合流条件的（锅炉排污管线等等）管线在将由刚性支架支承，除非热位移有另外规定。

这些管线不用吊架。

3.4.20 Small bore lines using the yard rack for support shall be run as close to the column

lines as possible or close to large piping so that intermediate rack steel can be held

to a minimum.

现场支架支撑的小口径管线应尽可能接近于柱式管线或接近于大口径管道，以使中间的

钢梁最小化。

3.4.21 Reciprocating compressor piping, which is prone to vibration, should be designed so

that it can be supported from grade sleepers.

往复式压缩机的管道倾向于发生振动，所以设计时应作地面管墩。

3.4.21.1 The span spacing shall be calculated so as to minimize the sympathetic vibrations

between the piping and the pulsation of the compressor fluid flow.

跨距间隔的计算应尽量减少管道和压缩机物流脉动之间的共振。

3.4.22 Where practical, riser piping shall be supported independently of connected

horizontal piping.

实际上，立管及与之连接的水平管道应分别支撑.

3.4.23 Pipe support attachments to riser piping shall be one of the following.

立管管架附件应为下列之一:

3.4.23.1 Welded pipe attachments (trunnions or lugs) with sufficient attached area to prevent

excessive stress concentrations in the wall of the riser piping, and with sufficient

radial reinforcement to prevent distortion of the riser by the suspended load.

焊接管道的附件(耳轴或吊耳) 应有充分接触面积以防止过多的压力集中在立管管壁上；

径向也应充分加强以防止悬浮应力造成立管管变形.

3.4.23.2 Riser clamps as shown on pipe support standard drawings.

立管夹子表明在管架标准图上.

3.4.24 When riser clamps are employed to pick up load, suitable shear lugs must be

indicated as an attachment to the pipe.

当立管夹子用于承担载荷时，适当的剪切支耳也必须在管道附件中予以注明。

3.4.25 Riser clamps when used on insulated pipes shall have their load bolts located outside

of the insulation.

立管夹子用于保温管时，其承载螺栓将露出保温层.

3.4.26 Design loads for rigid riser supports shall be the maximum load at operating

temperature or hydrostatic test load, whichever is greater.

刚性立管吊架的设计荷载应为取操作温度下最大荷载或水压试验压力（取较大值）。3.4.27 Guiding of hot insulated lines at towers shall be made between fins welded to the

pipe and the structural members on the tower clips.

在塔上的热保温的导向管架的制造，应将翅板焊接在管子上和将构件焊接到塔管夹上。

3.4.27.1 The fin plates shall project beyond the outside of the insulation and shall project a

minimum distance of 50 mm (two inches) from the outside of the pipe.

翅板应超出保温层外，其离管外壁最小的距离为50毫米(2英寸)。

3.4.27.2 When guiding steam traced lines, use the same specified thickness of insulation

required for next larger pipe size.

蒸汽伴热管线的导向管架，管壁厚度选择按下一较大等级管子的同等厚度。

3.5 P IPE S HOES,C RADLES AND A TTACHMENTS管托、支架和附件

3.5.1 The standard shoe shall be a steel tee or wide flange section clamp type shoe

fabricated in accordance with the pipe support standard.

标准管托将是按照管架标准制作的T型钢或管夹型管托.

3.5.1.1. The maximum operating temperature for carbon steel clamp type shoes is 400°C

(750 deg F) on carbon steel or chrome moly pipe.

用于碳钢或铬钼管上的碳钢管夹型管托的最大操作温度为400°C (750 deg F) 。

3.5.1.2. Austenitic stainless steel clamp type shoes are to be used for stainless steel pipe not

exceeding 670°C (1240 deg F).

奥氏体的不锈钢管夹型管托是用于不超过670°C (1240 deg F) 的不锈钢管.

3.5.1.3. Chrome moly steel clamp type shoes are to be used when the operating temperature

of carbon steel or chrome moly pipe is greater than 400°C (750 Deg F) but not

exceeding 565°C (1050 Deg F).

铬钼钢管夹型管托是用于操作温度大于400°C (750 Deg F)，或不大于565°C (1050

Deg F) 的碳钢或铬钼管。

3.5.2 Heat insulated and electrical/steam traced pipes routed over structural steel or

concrete beam supports shall be provided with a shoe.

热保温和电/蒸汽伴热管放在钢结构或混凝土梁上时应有管托。

3.5.2.1. The bottom of piping is to be 100 mm (4 inches) above top of support, when the

insulation thickness is 90 mm (3-1/2 inches) and less.

保温厚度小于或等于90毫米(3-1/2英寸)时，管托高度为100毫米(4英寸)。

3.5.2.2. 3.5.2.2 The bottom of piping is to be 150 mm (six inches) above top of support,

when the insulation thickness is greater than 90 mm (3-1/2 inches) and less than 140

mm (5-1/2 inches).

保温厚度大于90毫米(3-1/2英寸) 和小于140毫米(5-1/2英寸)时，管托高度为150毫

米(六英寸)。

3.5.2.3 Shoes shall be of sufficient height such that the contact area does not exceed 120°C

(250 deg F) on concrete beam supports or 343°C (650 deg F) on structural steel

beam supports.

管托应有充分的高度使与混凝土梁接触时温度不超过120°C (250 deg F)或与钢结构

梁接触时温度不超过343°C (650 deg F)。

3.5.3 Bare pipes may rest directly on support if the contact area temperature does not

exceed 120°C (250 Deg F) on concrete beam supports or 343°C (650 Deg F) on

structural steel beam supports, otherwise shoes of sufficient height will be provided

such that the contact area temperature does not exceed the above limitations.

如果管道在混凝土梁上温度不超过120°C (250 Deg F)或钢结构梁上温度不超过

343°C (650 Deg F) 裸管可直接放置；否则管托应有足够的高度使接触处温度不超过

上述限制。

3.5.4 The reduction factor is 40°C (100 Deg||per 25 mm (one inch) of shoe height from

the outside surface of pipe for determining shoe heights to reduce support contact

temperatures.

为了减少支架接触温度以决定管托高度，管托从管外面表面起每25毫米(1英寸)温度降

低40°C (100 °F)。

3.5.5 At support points for piping requiring "R" (refrigeration) type insulation, 0°C (32 deg F)

and below, a molded high density polyurethane insert and steel cradle shall be

provided to protect specification insulation against failure during erection and

operation.

需要"R" (冷却) 类型保温的管道，等于和小于0°C (32 deg F) 钢支架内需有高密度聚

氨酯块以确保在操作时不会出现保温故障。

3.5.6 At support points for piping requiring "D" (anti-sweat) type insulation, above 0°C (32

deg F0), the following procedure shall be followed.

当管道为"D" (防汗) 类型保温，0°C (32 deg F0)以上，支架点应执行下列各项程序。

3.5.8.1 For pipes two inches and larger, provide a carbon steel clamp type shoe.

二英寸及以上的管子，应提供碳钢管夹型管托.

3.5.7 Whenever possible, welded trunnion or lug should be the same material as the pipe

material, and shall be welded to the pipe by the pipe fabricator.

如需要焊接耳轴或支腿时其材料应与管子材料相同，并由管道施工者焊到管子上。

3.5.8.1 Welding shall be in accordance with governing codes.

焊接将是执行主导规范。

3.5.9.2 For stress relieved piping, attachments should be welded prior to stress relief of pipe.

对应力消除管道，附件焊接应该在管道应力消除前进行。

3.6 S PRING S UPPORTS弹簧支架

3.6.1 Rigid hangers shall be selected if their use will not cause an overstress in the piping

configuration.

如果使用刚性支架不会造成管道结构过应力，则可选择刚性支架。

3.6.2 At points of support, subject to vertical movement, springs of suitable design shall be

used so that variation in supporting effect does not exceed permissible percentages

of the calculated piping load through its total vertical travel.

垂直的位移支架点，应使用适当弹簧设计，因此支架作用偏差不会超过总垂直行程的计

算管道应力的允许比率。

3.6.2.1 The amount of variation that can be tolerated shall be limited to plus or minus 10

percent of the calculated load for critical systems such as steam connections

terminating at turbines and pipes connected to rotating equipment which have a low

range of allowable reactions.

应对允许变更的数量加以限制，限制值为关键系统计算负荷的＋/－10％；例如透平的

蒸汽连接端接和与具有低范围允许作用值转动设备连接的管道。

3.6.2.2 On non-critical systems, the variation in supporting effect shall be limited to plus or

minus 25 percent of the calculated pipe load through its total vertical movement.

对于非关键系统，因此支架作用平偏差不会超过总垂直行程的计算管道应力的＋/－

25％。

3.6.2.3 For all systems, a greater allowance in percent load change is permissible where the

variation in supporting effect is transferred directly to a rigid support or terminal

connection specifically designed for the resulting loading conditions.

对于所有系统，如果支架作用偏差直接通过刚性支架或特别为造成负荷工况设计的端部

接头，则允许使用较大负荷变化的较大公差。

3.6.3 Calculation for the variation of the support effort shall be based on the following

formula.

支架作用偏差的计算应以下列各项公式为计算依据:

Variation, % = (Travel) x (Spring Constant) x 100

(Operating Load)

偏差, % = (行程) x (弹簧常数) x 100

(操作负荷)

3.6.4 Where variable spring hangers are specified they shall be initially preset at the cold

load position - installation load (I.L.) so that the piping system is fully supported

during normal operating conditions。

对于规定使用变量弹簧吊架的位置，将最初预置在冷载位置-安装负荷(I.L.) 所以管道系

统在正常操作期间能够完全处于支撑状态。

3.6.5 Constant support hangers shall be of substantial construction, with springs and

moving parts suitably covered or protected。

常量支架吊架将是坚固结构，弹簧和位移部件应予以覆盖或保护。

3.6.5.1 Each unit must be individually shop calibrated to support the specified operating load

with provision for possible field adjustment equal to 10 percent of the operating

load.

每台设备必须单独进行工厂校准，以支持规定的操作负荷，防止可能出现的现场调节（操

作负荷的 10％）。

3.6.5.2 Load deviation shall not exceed 6 (six) percent throughout the total travel range.

负荷偏差不应超过总形成范围的6％。

3.6.6 Spring hanger assemblies shall be designed to support piping under normal

operating conditions. All components of the hanger shall be capable of adequately

supporting the piping systems during hydrostatic test, where practical.

弹簧吊架组件将的设计应为在常规操作条件下支撑管道。吊架的所有部件应在水力试验

期间有能力支撑管道系统。

3.6.7 Accurate weight balance calculations shall be made to determine the supporting

force at each spring hanger location and the pipe weight loading at each rotating

equipment connection.

应进行精确的重量平衡计算，以确定每个弹簧吊架的支撑力和与每个动设备连接的管道

的重量负荷。

3.6.8 The weight balance for all spring hangers shall include the weight of pipe, fittings,

valves and specialties, the weight of the medium transported, weight of insulation

used, and the weight of the suspended hanger assemblies and pipe attachments.

所有弹簧吊架的重量平衡将包括管的重量、管件、阀和特殊阀门、介质传输重量、保温

重量，以及悬挂吊架组件和管附件的重量。

3.6.9 Variable springs may be used for any amount of expansion up to the full

recommended working range of the spring, if it supports a portion of a piping riser on

which a solid rigid support is also located.

变量弹簧可能用于弹簧行程达到满负荷的膨胀工况，如果它支撑管道立管的一部分，应

同时使用坚固的刚性支架。

3.6.10 The total travel for constant support hangers will be equal to actual travel plus 20

percent. In no case will the difference between actual and total travel be less than

25 mm (one inch).

常数支架吊架的总行程应为等于实际行程加上20％。在任何情况下，实际行程和总行

程之间的区别应小于25毫米(1英寸)。

3.6.11 Constant and variable spring hangers shall be provided with travel stops.

常量和变量弹簧吊架应配有行程止挡。

3.6.11.1 These stops are to be installed at the factory where the spring will be preset to a

specified installation load.

行程止挡应在工厂安装到预设规定安装负荷的弹簧上。

3.6.11.2 These stops shall be strong enough to resist the hydrostatic test loading on the unit.

行程止挡应具备一定的强度，能够承受水压试验负荷的冲击力。

3.6.11.3 These stops shall be reusable and either stored in attached storage pouches or

permanently attached to the spring housing when not in use.

行程止挡应为重复使用型，或者储存在储存袋中，或在不用时永久储存在弹簧箱中。3.6.12 For non-critical systems where the following anticipated movements are not

exceeded, an approved pre-compressed variable spring may be used.

对于预期位移不会超标的非关键系统，可以使用合格的预压缩的变量弹簧。

3.6.12.1 Grinnell Figure B-268 or equal for movements not exceeding 64 mm (2-1/2

inches||Grinne.

Grinnell 型B-268或同等弹簧将用于位移不超过64毫米(2-1/2英寸)的工况。

3.6.12.2 Grinnell Figure 98 or equal for movements not exceeding 127 mm (5 inches).

Grinnell 型98或同等弹簧将用于位移不超过127毫米(5英寸)工况。

3.6.12.3 Grinnell Figure 82 or equal for movements not exceeding 32 mm (1-1/4 inches).

Grinnell 型82或同等弹簧将用于位移不超过32毫米(1-1/4英寸)工况。

3.6.13 Hangers for all piping systems concurrently operating at pressure in excess of 40

kg/cm2 (600 psig) [gauge]) and temperature in excess of 400°C (750 deg F) shall

employ the use of constant support hangers where the vertical movement exceeds

50 mm (two inches), or it is necessary to restrict transfer of load to adjacent supports

of equipment terminal. Exceptions may be taken only with the approval of the

responsible pipe support engineer.

同步操作压力超过40 kg/cm2 (600 psig) [表压]和温度超过400°C (750 deg F)所有管

道系统的吊架，将在垂直位移超越50毫米(二英寸)位置使用常量支架；或者为限制限定

传输至设备终端邻近支架的负荷使用常量弹簧支架。如有例外，则必须得到有关配管支

架工程师的批准。

3.6.14 Designers are to specify the center to center dimensions of rods, the total load and

the load on each spring when selecting a "G" Grinnell type spring hanger.

选择"G" Grinnell类型弹簧吊架时，设计人员应规定弹簧杆中心到中心的尺寸、总负荷

和各弹簧负荷。

3.6.15 The travel range of each spring selected must be checked to see if any upset

temperature or steam-out condition can be satisfied within the limits of the working

range of the spring.

应对每个弹簧的行程进行检查，确认弹簧在工作范围内是否能够满足波动温度或蒸汽排

放工况。

3.6.16 Where pipelines have been analyzed by the stress analysis engineer and line

movements are available on the computer output sheets the designer is to use these

movements for sizing and selecting spring.

对于已经通过应力分析工程师分析的管线和能够通过计算机输出表计算的管道位移，设

计人员应利用这些位移进行尺寸极端和弹簧选择。

3.7 B UILDING A TTACHMENTS建筑物附件

3.7.1 For piping routed inside of, or in vicinity of buildings, the use of existing structural

steel and concrete shall be utilized with caution. Any additional loading to existing

structures shall be checked to ensure the added load will not overstress the structure.

对于布置或在建筑物内部或附近的管道，可利用现有的钢结构和混凝土。应校核任何增

加到现有的结构上的荷载以保证结构不会发生过载应力。

3.7.2 Support attachments to building structural steel shall have sufficient bearing and weld

metal to adequately support the maximum calculated load, including hydrostatic test

loading.

建筑物钢结构上的支架附件将有充分的支承面和金属焊接，以能足够地支承最大计算荷

载，包括水压试验荷载。

3.7.3 Shims used in the field to achieve full bearing between pipe and/or pipe attachment

and the structural steel and/or grade pier must have sufficient area to carry the load

to the structural component.

现场使用的垫片是为了使管/或管附件和钢结构/或基础面有充分的接触，使承载负荷与

结构元件有足够的接触面积。

3.7.3.1 After erection, shims must be securely welded to the structural steel to prevent

slippage when pipe moves during operation.

安装之后，垫片必须与钢结构满焊，防止操作期间管道位移时垫片移动。

3.7.3.2 Unless support is indicated to be an anchor (fixed), shims are NOT to be welded to

pipe or pipe attachments.

除非支架是地脚螺栓(固定的)，垫片是不能焊接到管道或管件上.

3.7.3.3 Shims used on anchor supports, which are to be welded to pipe shoes, must extend

the full length and width of shoe.

焊到管托上的用于固定支架的垫板，其长度和宽度都应大于管托。

3.7.3.4 Shims, whose width does not exceed width of supporting structural beam, shall be

welded to the rack beam only.

垫板的宽度不超过支架结构的梁宽时，将焊接到支架梁上.

3.7.4 3.7.4 For attachment to concrete, Hilti Kwik bolts or equal may be used, unless

otherwise noted.

为了附属到混凝土上，可使用Hilti Kwik螺栓或等同螺栓，除非另有规定。

3.7.

4.1 Leaded type expansion bolts shall not be used.

不得使用含铅型膨胀螺栓。

3.7.

4.2 A minimum of two fasteners is to be used at each attachment.

每个附件必须使用最少两个固定件。

3.7.

4.3 Use concrete fasteners in shear.

使用混凝土剪切式固定件。

3.7.5 Provision for vibration control by the building structure shall be considered beyond

the scope of this specification.

提供建筑物结构振动控制被视为超出了本规范的范围。

3.8 S LEEPERS AND G RADE P IERS FOR S UPPORTS管架的管墩及地面支座

3.8.1 Sliding base supports with pipe loads that do not exceeding 900 kg (2000 lbs.) shall

rest directly on a bearing plate.

滑动基础支架的管道荷载如果不超过900公斤(2000 lbs)，可直接放在支承板上。

3.8.1.1 In paved areas, the bottom of the base plate with or without adjustment ring shall rest

on a bearing plate. This plate is to be anchored to the top of paving with adjusting

nuts on anchor bolts.

在基础上，带或不带调整环的底座应位于支撑板上。用带有螺帽的地脚螺栓将支撑板固

定到基础的顶部。

3.8.1.2 In unpaved areas, the bottom of the nonadjustable base plate shall rest on a bearing

plate anchored to the concrete pier by the field with adjusting nuts on the anchor

bolts.

在没有铺装面处，用带有螺帽的地脚螺栓将不可调节的支撑板固定到基础的顶部。

3.8.2 In paved areas, anchored base supports with or without adjustment rings and pipe

loads not exceeding 700 kg m (5000 ft.lbs) shall be anchored to the bearing plate.

This plate is to be anchored to the top of paving with adjusting nuts on the anchor

bolts

在有铺装面处，带有或没有调整环和管道荷载不超过700公斤m (5000 ft.lbs) 的地脚

螺栓固定基础支架，将被固定到支承板上。用带有螺帽的地脚螺栓支撑板固定到基础的

顶部。

3.8.3 In unpaved areas, anchored base supports with non-adjustable base plates and pipe

loads not exceeding 700 kg m (5000 ft. lbs.) may be anchored to the concrete pier by

the field with adjusting nuts on the anchor bolts.

在没有铺装面的范围，没有调整环和管道荷载不超过700公斤m (5000 ft.lbs) 的地脚

螺栓固定基础支架，用带有螺帽的地脚螺栓固定到将被固定到混凝土上。

3.8.4 Where anchors and/or directional stops are specified at sleepers or base piers, the

calculated reactions at these points are to be transmitted to the Civil engineering

group. The Civil engineering group will design the appropriate foundations to sustain

the reactions.

如果管墩或基础支架规定使用地脚螺栓和/或方向止挡，这些点的计算反作用力应提交土

建工程师小组。土建工程师小组应设计合适的基础，以抵消这解反作用力。

4.0 WELDED ATTACHMENTS焊接附件

4.1 DESIGN设计

All trunnions, reinforcing pads, guide fins and shear lugs shall be shop unless

otherwise noted on the piping isometric or orthographic. Welding shall be in

accordance with Secco standard , per the header’s pipe classification.

所有耳轴、补强板、导向板和剪切支承板将是成品，除非在管道轴测图或平面图中另有

说明。焊接将按照赛科标准的总管分类部分。

Trunnions shall conform to the contour of the header.

耳轴将符合总管周线。

When a trunnion with a base plate is specified, a 6 mm (1/4”) vent hole shall be

provided in the trunnion a minimum distance from the base plate. All reinforcing pads

shall include a 6 mm (1/4”) vent hole.

如果规定底板使用耳轴，离底板最小距离处应有6毫米(1/4”) 排气孔。所有补强板将

包括6毫米(1/4”) 排气孔。

4.2 MATERIAL材料

Unless otherwise noted, pipe attachment –trunnion, reinforcing pad, fin or lug etc.

should have same material as specified for header pipe The wall thickness of

attachment shall be standard wall or higher for trunnion and minimum one time that

of header pipe for reinforcing pad.

除非另有说明，管附件–耳轴、补强板、翅板或支腿等，其材质规定与总管相同。附件

壁厚应为标准壁厚，耳轴更高些，补强板的厚度最小是总管壁厚的1倍。

Some project may mandate using two different material on trunnion for alloy (Cr-Mo

or S.S) pipe line. In this case, alloy pipe stub with same material as line pipe shall be

welded between line pipe & dummy support pipe; and carbon steel material shall be

used for the rest portion of trunnion.

对于合金(Cr-Mo或S.S) 管线，有些项目可能强制耳轴使用两种不同的材料。在这种情

况下，与管线相同材料的合金管短管将焊接在主管和支承管上。碳钢材料将是用于耳轴

其它部分。

All base/end plates shall be fabricated from A-36-Q235 carbon steel, unless otherwise

noted on the piping drawings.

所有底板/封板将是用A-36-Q235碳钢制作，除非在管道图另有说明.

5.0 ENGINEERED PIPE SUPPORTS-( SPRING SUPPORTS) 设计管架- ( 弹簧

支架)

5.1 REGULATIONS规定

The following documents, including applicable addenda, constitute a part of this

standard as described herein. The referenced edition of these documents shall be

that which is in effect as of the issue date of this standard.

下列各项文件，包括可适用附录，将构成标准的部分内容。这些文件的参照版本应在本

标准发布时仍然有效。

5.2 C ODES规范

Comply with all applicable codes including

执行所有可适用规范，包括:

GBJ 17-88 Code for Design of Steel Structures

GBJ 17-88 钢结构设计规范

SEI comments: ISO metric screw threads

SEI注解: ISO公制螺纹

HG-20634 Square and Hex Nuts

HG-20634 方螺母和六角型螺母

HG-20634 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, including Askew Head Bolts,

Hex Cap Screws, and Lag Screws

HG-20634 方螺栓和六角型螺栓和螺丝钉，包括斜头螺栓、六角型帽螺钉, 和方

头螺钉

GB (ASME) Design code for industrial metallic piping (American Society of

Mechanical Engineering

GB (ASME) 工业金属管道设计规范(美国机械工程协会).

GB 50316 (B31.3) Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping

GB 50316 (B31.3) 化学装置和炼油厂配管

GB/T 17116.1/2 for testing and Materials

GB/T17116.1/2 试验和材料

5.3 R EFERENCE S TANDARDS参考标准

GB/T 17116.1/2 (MSS) Manufacturers Standardization Society

GB/T17116.1/2 (MSS) 制造商标准化协会

GB/T 17116.1/2 (SP-58) Pipe Hangers and Supports -- Materials, Design

Manufacture

GB/T17116.1/2 (SP-58) 管吊架和支架--材料、设计制造

GB/T 17116.1/2 (SP-89) Pipe Hangers and Supports -- Fabrication and Installation

Practices

GB/T17116.1/2 (SP-89) 管吊架和支架--制作和安装实行

5.4 D ESIGN R EQUIREMENTS设计要求

5.4.1 Springs shall be capable of sustaining the hydro test load when specified.

如有规定，弹簧应能够承受水压试验负荷。