改进的经验小波变换在滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用

V ol 38No.1Feb.2018噪声与振动控制NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL 第38卷第1期

2018年2月文章编号:1006-1355(2018)01-0199-05

改进的经验小波变换在滚动轴承

故障诊断中的应用

朱艳萍,包文杰,涂晓彤,胡越,李富才

(上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240)

摘要:经验小波变换是一种基于Fourier 频谱特性,通过构建自适应小波滤波器组来分析复杂多分量信号的方法。该方法能够有效识别信号中的不同模态分量,但由于其Fourier 频谱分割问题,在处理噪声及不稳定信号方面有所欠缺。针对这一问题,采用改进的经验小波变换方法,将信号分解为具有物理意义的经验模态。改进的经验小波变换主要考虑被处理信号的频谱形状,通过采用基于顺序统计滤波器(OSF )的包络方法以及遵循三个准则来获取有效峰值的方法,改进Fourier 频谱分割过程。将改进的方法应用于滚动轴承故障诊断中,由于改进的经验小波变换能够将振动信号分解为一系列单分量成分,因此在轴承振动信号包络谱中能够清晰的发现故障特征。通过对滚动轴承振动模拟信号和实验信号的分析验证了该方法的有效性。

关键词:振动与波;改进经验小波变换;顺序统计滤波器;三种筛选准则;轴承故障诊断

中图分类号:TH113文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1355.2018.01.039Application of Enhanced Empirical Wavelet Transform to

Rolling Bearings Fault Diagnosis

ZHU Yan-ping ,BAO Wen-jie ,TU Xiao-tong ,HU Yue ,LI Fu-cai

(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,

Shanghai 200240,China )

Abstract :The empirical wavelet transform (EWT)is a novel method for analyzing the multi-component signals by constructing an adaptive filter bank.Although it is an effective tool to identify the signal components,it has drawback in dealing with some noisy and non-stationary signals due to its coarse spectrum segmentation.Targeting this problem,an enhanced EWT (EEWT)is proposed.In this method,the signal is decomposed into several empirical modes with physical meanings.This method ameliorates the drawback of EWT by taking the spectrum shape of the processed signal into account.It improves the segmentation process by adopting the envelop approach based on the order statistics filter (OSF)and applying three criteria to pick out useful peaks.The envelope spectrums of the extracted empirical modes are applied to rolling bearing fault diagnosis.Because the EEWT can decompose vibration signal into a set of mono-components,fault features can be found clearly in the envelop spectrum.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a simulation signal and a real signal captured from the test rig.

Key words :vibration and wave;EEWT;OSF;three filtering criteria;rolling bearings fault diagnosis

滚动轴承是一种易损机械零件,被广泛应用于

各种机械设备中。故障的轴承将会导致严重事故,

收稿日期:2017-07-10

基金项目:上海市科学技术委员会基础研究资助项目

(15JC1402600)

作者简介:朱艳萍(1994-),女,河南省项城市人,硕士研究

生,主要研究方向为结构健康监测。

E-mail:hu_yp@https://www.360docs.net/doc/384274641.html,

通信作者:李富才,男,教授、博士生导师。

E-mail:fcli@https://www.360docs.net/doc/384274641.html, 因此滚动轴承的故障诊断在机械设备状态检测中至关重要。故障诊断过程主要是通过信号处理方法提取故障特征,并基于故障特征根据经验范例识别轴承的故障类型[1]。其中,各种信号处理方法被广泛应用于故障诊断特征提取中。希尔伯特变换可有效实现解调分析,然而该方法只针对单分量调幅-调频信号有较好效果。而大多数滚动轴承故障信号是多分量调幅-调频信号,因此上述解调方法无法有效提取故障特征,识别轴承的故障类型。针对这一问题,人们万方数据

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