人教版 高中英语 必修三unit 4 Astronomy 语言点学案含答案
高一英语必修三导学案Unit 4
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ. 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的; →____________ n.暴力，强暴；猛烈; →____________ adv. 强暴地；猛烈地
2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则) ; →____________ adv. 基本地；根本地; →____________ n. 基础；根本
3. development n.生长，发展；新情况; →____________ vt.发展；产生vi.生长；发展; →____________ adj. 发达的→____________ adj. 发展的
4. prevent vt. 预防，防止; →____________ n.预防；阻止；妨碍; →____________ adj.可防止的
5. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的; →____________ adv.温和地；静静地
6. physics n.物理，物理学; →____________ n.物理学家; →____________l adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的
7.harmful adj. 有害的→____________（n.）伤害→____________（反义词）
8.depend v. 依靠；依赖→____________ ( n.) →____________ (adj.) →____________（反义词）
9.exist v. 存在；生存→____________ (n.)
10.presence n. →____________ ( n. ;adj.; v. ) ) →____________ (缺席的；不到场的)
11.disappoint v. 使失望；使落空→____________ (感到失望的) →____________ (令人失望的) →____________( n.)
12.gradually adv. 逐渐地→____________ (adj.)
13.puzzle n; 谜；难题；v. 使迷惑→____________ adj.( 感到迷惑的)→____________ adj. ( 令人迷惑的)
Ⅱ. 重点短语梳理
1. go _____ （时间）前进；推移；走过
2. lay _____ 下蛋
3._____ one’s turn 轮到某人
4. block _____ 挡住（光线）
5. get the hang _____ 熟悉；掌握；理解
6. watch _____ 密切注视；当心；提防
7. depend_____ 依靠；依赖
8. _____time 及时；终于
9. give birth_____ 产生；分娩
10. cheer _____ 感到高兴；感到振奋11. _____that 既然
12. break _____ 爆发；突发
13 as a_____of由于……的结果
14. get close _____ 靠近
15. be harmful _____ 对……有害
16. prevent …_____ 阻止，制止
17._____one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
18. cool _____ 冷却
19. come_____ existence开始存在；产生
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)
lay eggs 下蛋lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）
lay sth. down 把某物放下lay the blame on sb.责备某人
lay the table 摆桌子lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). The bird ______ its eggs in other birds’ nests.
2). He is a political leader that _____ _____ _____ _____ (非常强调) individual responsibility.
3). He ______ some money ______ for rainy days.
2. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人）harmless adj. 无害的harmlessness n. 无害be harmful to sb./sth. 对……有害do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对……
有害；伤害……
There is (no) harm in (sb.‘s) doing sth.(某人)做某事有(无)害处。
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Everyone knows that smoking is ______ to your health.
2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do ______ to their growth.
3). 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。________________________________________________
3. exist vi. 存在；生存existence n. 存在existent adj. 存在的，现存的
There exists/existed....某地有……，存在……
exist in 存在于……之中(exist + prep. 存在于地方) exist on 靠……为生exist by 靠……生存
come into existence 开始存在；成立bring into existence 使发生，产生
[练习] 用exist的短语或其适当形式填空。
(1)________ always ________ a force of attraction between two bodies. 两物体间总是存在着吸引力。
(2)They ______ ______ very little food.他们靠极少的食物来生存。
(3)That word doesn‘t ______ in English. 英语中没有这个词。
(4)Fish can't ______ ______ ______ ______. 鱼离开水就不能生存。
(5)When did the world ______ ______ ______________？世界是什么时候开始产生的？
4. puzzle vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思n.谜；难题;puzzled adj.无法了解的；困惑的; puzzling adj.令人费解的sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/为难sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人对……感到迷惑
puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解）
solve a puzzle 解决一个难题
[练习] 用puzzle的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). To explain the ________ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories.
2). I _______ (puzzle) that I haven’ t heard from Liz for so long.
3). She listened with a _______ (puzzle) expression on her face.
4). No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _______ (puzzle) of how life began.
5). He _______ (puzzle) what to do next.
6). _______ _______ _______ (使我困惑的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone.
5. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
pull ahead (of sb/sth) 领先（於某人/物）pull (sb) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）pull off (sth)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路）（至路侧停车处停下）
pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）
pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）pull together 同心协力；通力合作
[练习] 用pull短语的适当形式填空。
1). I arrived as the last train was ______ ______.
2). He ______ ______ a gun and aimed at the criminal.
3). So long as we ______ ______, there’ s no mountain top we can’t conquer.
6. cheer vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼cheerful adj.高兴的cheerless adj.不高兴的
cheer sb. on为某人加油cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高兴或更快活
with good cheer 欣然地Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒)
[练习] 用cheer的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). Your visit has greatly ______ him up.
2). The crowd ______ the runners ______ as they started the last lap.
3). You look as though you need ______ up.
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. to begin with = to start with 以……开始；由……作为开头；首先
begin/start with 从……开始begin/start sth with 从……开始……
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子。
1). He ______ his speech ______ a poem.
2). His speech ______ ______ a poem.
3). ______ ______ ______, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.
2. in time 及时；最终；迟早
[短语归纳] time短语：
in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟in no time 立刻；马上at no time永不……
at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度at a time 一次；每次at times = sometimes 有时
all the time 一直；始终；老是on time 按时；准时by the time到…的时候为止
for the time being 暂时；暂且take one’s time不着急；慢慢来from time to time 不时地，间或take one’s time 慢慢来，别急many a time 常常；多次once upon a time 从前
at the same time 同时；尽管如此have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很……
It’s (high/about) time that sb. did/ should do sth. 是做某事的时候了
[练习] 用time短语填空。
1). They sent the mail to me just _______ _______, before I 1eft.
2). William arrived at the theatre just _______ _______ for the play was to be on.
3). Hurry up! The concert will begin _______ _______ _______.
4). _______ _______ _______ will I give up.
5). The boy laughed and cried _______ _______ ______ ______.
6). _______ _______ _______ he was addicted to playing web games, but now he devotes himself to writing, which delights his parents.
7). D on’t try to do everything at once; take it a bit _______ _______ _______.
8). You’ll have your own office soon, but _______ _______ _______ _______ you’ ll have to share one with me.
3. in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
in turn轮流；一个接着一个by turns轮流；一阵……一阵……
take turns (to do sth.)轮流（做某物）It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了
take turns依次；轮班，轮流
[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译句子。
1). She went hot and cold _______ _______.
2). 我们轮流着开车。________________________________________________________________
3). 今天轮到谁发言了？_______________________________________________________________
4. prevent...from = stop...from = keep....from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事
【用法辨析】注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中
from不可省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，
三者的from都不可省；当后接sb’s doing sth. 作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，
因为没有keep sb’s doing sth. 的句型。
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子或翻译。
1). Doctors took action to _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (防止这种疾病的蔓延).
2). Of course I can’ t _______ your going abroad.
3). 警察阻止他们携带武器。____________________________________________________________
5. block out 挡住（光线）
[短语归纳] out短语：
break out 爆发，发生
burst out 大声喊叫，突然…起来
go out 外出；过时；(灯)熄
put out 关(灯)；扑灭；生产
come out 出现，显露；出版，结果是look out留神；注意
watch out 注意；提防
find out 找出，查明，发现
pick out挑出，辨认出，分辨出speak out 大声地说，大胆地说hang out 挂出，闲逛
knocked out (拳击中)击倒，打昏
sell out 售完(某种货物)，脱销
turn out 结果证明是
run out (of) 用完，耗尽
hand out 分发，散发
give out 分发；用完，消耗尽；发出(光、声音等) check out 结帐离去，办妥手续离去
help out 帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)
think out仔细思考某事；想出（主意等）
[练习] 用out短语填空。
1). At the end of the race his legs _______ _______ and he collapsed on the ground.
2). It’ s easy to _______ him _______ in a crowd because he is very tall.
3). His nwe book will _______ _______ next month.
4). We thought it was going to rain; it _______ _______ to be a find day.
5). We _______ _______ of/from our hotel at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight.
6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张
[短语归纳] off短语：
get off 下车fall off 从……摔下来take off 脱下；起飞keep off 远离
turn off 关闭pay off 付清，还清set...off 给……送行kick off 踢球
jump off 跳下give off 散发show off 炫耀shut off 关闭
[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译。
1). It is a Sunday and we _______ _______ (不用上班) today.
2). Her husband _______ _______ on a business trip somewhere.
3). There we saw a sign reading, “_______ _______ the grass”.
4). After ten years of hard work, she finally _______ _______ all her debts.
7. break out (灾难、战争等) 突发；爆发
[短语归纳] break短语：
break away from 脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制）break down毁掉；坏掉；(计划/谈判)失败
break up打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体) break off (使)停止；中断；折断
break into sth. 强行进入某处break one’s word/promise食言；说话不算数
[练习] 用break短语填空。
1). A terrible tsunami _______ _______ in the southeastern countries of Asia at Christmas, 2004.
2). When do you _______ _______ for Christmas? 3). Negotiations between the two sides have _______ _______.
4). His house was _______ _______ last week.
8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
watch out(for)＝look out (for)密切注意；留神take care 留神，注意
be careful 仔细，留神watch it 当心，小心watch over 照看；看守
[练习] 用watch短语填空。
1). There must have been an angel _______ _______ me that day.
2). What problems should I _______ _______ _______ when buying an old house?
3). You’ ll become an alcoholic if you don’ t _______ _______.
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. 它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
[解释]“be + 不定式”结构通常用来表示“按计划或安排将要做的事情”，或表示上级对下级、父母对子女下命令，“应该做某事”或表示某事“将必然发生”。例如：
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you are to go to her office after class. 你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。
2). The worst is still to come. 更糟糕的事情还会发生。
3). We’ll hold a meeting tomorrow. = We are to hold a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is to be held tomorrow. 我们明天将开会。
4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am. 这趟火车将于上午10: 25到达北京。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you ______ ______ ______ to her office after class. (你的班主任给你一个口
信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。)
2). The worst is still ______ ______ (come).
3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow.
= We ______ ______ ______ a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is ______ ______ ______ tomorrow.
4). 这趟火车将于上午10：25到达北京。______________________________________________________
2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop. 那使生命的生长发育成为一种可能。
[解释] 此句中的made后跟带形式宾语it的复合结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式复合结构，“for live to begin to develop”，宾语补足语是possible。再如：She made it her business to find out who was responsible. 她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。
提示：常用于此结构的动词还有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：
1). We make it a rule to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning.
2). I find it hard to get along with him.
3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.我觉得我有责任帮助你。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (规定) to get up at 6 o’clock every morning.
2). I ______ ______ ______ (发现很难) to get along with him．
3). 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。_______________________________________________________
4). 我觉得我有责任帮助你。________________________________________________________________
3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
[解释] twice as...as... “是……的两倍”，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数+ as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍”My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+ than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍”My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth等。例如：
1). This ruler is three times as long as that one. = This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one. 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。
2). There are four times as many students as we expected. 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。
[解释] twice as ... as... 是的两倍，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数+ as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍”My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+ than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍”My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth 等。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。___________________________________________________________
2). 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。There are ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ we expected.
VI词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. climate / weather
climate指从长时间的范围来看某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；
weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We shall go out for a picnic tomorrow if the _______ is fine. 2). A drier _______ would be good for your health.
3). I couldn’t imagine what it would be like to live in a hot ________.
4). The _______ of our country is mild, but individual places experience bad ________.
2. now that / since / because / as
都可引导原因状语从句，语气最强的是because，引导直接而明确的原因，也用来回答why的问句或用于强调句型；其次是since/now that，表示已知或明显的原因，再次是as，引导的原因是不言而喻、显而易见的；for引导的是并列分句，表推测或判断的原因，前面有逗号隔开。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). _______ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting. 2) It was _______ he was ill that he didn’ t go to school.
3). It must have rained last night, _______ the ground is all wet. 4). _______ we are alone, we can speak freely.
自我测评?技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He was interested in a__________________ and always stayed up at night to watch the stars.
2．Not long ago a v___________ earthquake occurred off the coast of Indonesia.
3．Computer hackers have broken down security s____________，raising questions about the safety of information.
4．Too much sugar can be h________ to children's teeth.
5．The three－star hotel offers a friendly a______________________ and personal service.
6．China has sent up another ______ (人造卫星) into space.
7．There is a lot of rubbish ___________(漂浮) on the surface of the river.
8．_____________ (理论) is based on practice.
9．The__________ (气候) is different from place to place.
10. 6 _______________ (乘) by 5 is 30.
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．—I‘m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can‘t pass this time.
—______！I’m sure you‘ll make it.
A．Go ahead B．Good luck C．No problem D．Cheer up
2．With the words, he ______ a wide mouth jar from his pocket and set it on the table in front of him.
A．pulled out B．checked out C．stuck out D．dropped out
3．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ______ her duty to look after all the other people‘s affairs in that town.
A．this B．that C．one D．it
4．Completely lost in the exciting ______ of the football match, Tom didn‘t feel his pocket picked.
A．scene B．view C．atmosphere D．sight
5．Many Europeans ______ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.
A．exploded B．exposed C．explored D．expanded
6．It’s ______ for the Shenzhou Ⅶspaceship that every Chinese feels cheerful and proud.
A．so a successful flight B．so successful a flight
C．such successful a flight D．a such successful flight
7．He has ______ letters to answer and has to work from morning to night.
A．much B．a great deal of
C．masses of D．the number of
8．We were scared to death when the fire ______. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.
A．broke out B．came out
C．gave out D．turned out
9．At the ______ news, there was a ______ expression on his face.
A．puzzled; puzzling B．puzzling; puzzle
C．puzzling; puzzled D．puzzled; puzzle
10．Do you think ______ life on Mars?
A．it exists B．there exists
C．it is existed D．there is existed
11．All possible means ______. However, nothing can ______ him dying of lung cancer.
A．has tried; stop B．have tried; keep
C．has been tried; prevent D．have been tried; stop
12．______，I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on working hard, and you‘ll succeed______.”A．At a time; in time B．At a time; on time
C．At one time; in time D．At one time; on time
13．Water, which seems so simple and common, is ______ makes life possible.
A．what B．that C．which D．how
14．______you‘ve passed the final exam, you can prepare for the coming holiday.
A．Now that B．As soon as C．Although D．If
15．Some parts in South China have experienced ______this year as they did last year.
A．twice as much rain B．rain twice as much
C．as twice much rain D．twice rain as much
高一英语必修三导学案Unit 4
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ. 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的; →violence n.暴力，强暴；猛烈; →violently adv. 强暴地；猛烈地
2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则) ; →fundamentally adv. 基本地；根本地; →fundament n. 基础；根本
3. development n.生长，发展；新情况; →develop vt.发展；产生vi.生长；发展; →developed adj. 发达的→developing adj. 发展的
4. prevent vt. 预防，防止; →prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍; →preventable adj.可防止的
5. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的; →gently adv.温和地；静静地
6. physics n.物理，物理学; →physicist n.物理学家; →physical adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的
7.harmful adj. 有害的→harm （n.）伤害→harmless （反义词）
8.depend v. 依靠；依赖→dependence ( n.) →dependent (adj.) →independent（反义词）
9.exist v. 存在；生存→existence (n.)
10.presence n. →present ( n. ;adj.; v. ) ) →absent (缺席的；不到场的)
11.disappoint v. 使失望；使落空→disappointed (感到失望的) →disappointing (令人失望的) →disappointment( n.)
12.gradually adv. 逐渐地→gradual (adj.)
13.puzzle n; 谜；难题；v. 使迷惑→puzzled adj.( 感到迷惑的)→puzzling adj. ( 令人迷惑的)
Ⅱ. 重点短语梳理
1. go by （时间）前进；推移；走过
2. lay eggs 下蛋
3. in one’s turn 轮到某人
4. block out 挡住（光线）
5. get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解
6. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
7. depend on 依靠；依赖
8. in time 及时；终于
9. give birth to 产生；分娩10. cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋
11. now that 既然
12. break out 爆发；突发
13 as a result of由于……的结果
14. get close to 靠近
15. be harmful to 对……有害
16. prevent …from 阻止，制止
17. to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
18. cool down 冷却
19. come into existence开始存在；产生
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)
lay eggs 下蛋lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）
lay sth. down 把某物放下lay the blame on sb.责备某人
lay the table 摆桌子lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). The bird ______ its eggs in other birds’ nests.
2). He is a political leader that _____ _____ _____ _____ (非常强调) individual responsibility.
3). He ______ some money ______ for rainy days.
Keys: 1). lays 2). lays great stress on 3). lays/puts; aside
2. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人）harmless adj. 无害的harmlessness n. 无害be harmful to sb./sth. 对……有害do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对……
有害；伤害……
There is (no) harm in (sb.‘s) doing sth.(某人)做某事有(无)害处。
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Everyone knows that smoking is ______ to your health.
2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do ______ to their growth.
3). 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). harmful 2). harm 3). Reading in the sun does a lot of harm to your eyes. = Reading in the sun does your eyes a lot of harm.= Reading in the sun is very harmful to your eyes.
3. exist vi. 存在；生存existence n. 存在existent adj. 存在的，现存的
There exists/existed....某地有……，存在……
exist in 存在于……之中(exist + prep. 存在于地方)
exist on 靠……为生
exist by 靠……生存
come into existence 开始存在；成立
bring into existence 使发生，产生
[练习] 用exist的短语或其适当形式填空。
(1)________ always ________ a force of attraction between two bodies. 两物体间总是存在着吸引力。
(2)They ______ ______ very little food.他们靠极少的食物来生存。
(3)That word doesn‘t ______ in English. 英语中没有这个词。
答案：(4)Fish can't ______ ______ ______ ______. 鱼离开水就不能生存。
(5)When did the world ______ ______ ______________？世界是什么时候开始产生的？
答案：Keys: There exists；exist on；exist; exist,out of water；come into existence
4. puzzle vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思n.谜；难题;puzzled adj.无法了解的；困惑的; puzzling adj.令人费解的
sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/为难sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人对……感到迷惑
puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解）
puzzle one’s brain苦思苦想；绞尽脑汁
solve a puzzle 解决一个难题
[练习] 用puzzle的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). To explain the ________ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories.
2). I _______ (puzzle) that I haven’ t heard from Liz for so l ong.
3). She listened with a _______ (puzzle) expression on her face.
4). No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _______ (puzzle) of how life began.
5). He _______ (puzzle) what to do next.
6). _______ _______ _______ (使我困惑的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone.
Keys: 1). puzzling 2). am puzzled 3). puzzled 4). puzzle 5) was puzzled 6). What puzzles me
5. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
pull ahead (of sb/sth) 领先（於某人/物）pull (sb) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）pull off (sth)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路）（至路侧停车处停下）
pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）
pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）pull together 同心协力；通力合作
[练习] 用pull短语的适当形式填空。
1). I arrived as the last train was ______ ______.
2). He ______ ______ a gun and aimed at the criminal.
3). So long as we ______ ______, there’ s no mountain top we can’t conquer.
Keys: 1). pulling out 2). pulled out 3). pull together
6. cheer vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼cheerful adj.高兴的cheerless adj.不高兴的
cheer sb. on为某人加油cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高兴或更快活
with good cheer 欣然地
Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒)
[练习] 用cheer的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). Your visit has greatly ______ him up.
2). The crowd ______ the runners ______ as they started the last lap.
3). You look as though you need ______ up.
Keys: 1). cheered 2). cheered; on 3). cheering
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. to begin with = to start with 以……开始；由……作为开头；首先
begin/start with 从……开始begin/start sth with 从……开始……
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子。
1). He ______ his speech ______ a poem.
2). His speech ______ ______ a poem.
3). ______ ______ ______, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.
Keys: 1). began/started; with 2). began/started with 3). To start/begin with
2. in time 及时；最终；迟早
[短语归纳] time短语：
in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟in no time 立刻；马上at no time永不……
at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度at a time 一次；每次at times = sometimes 有时
all the time 一直；始终；老是on time 按时；准时by the time到…的时候为止
for the time being 暂时；暂且take one’s time不着急；慢慢来from time to time 不时地，间或take one’s time 慢慢来，别急many a time 常常；多次once upon a time 从前
at the same time 同时；尽管如此have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很……
It’s (high/about) time that sb. did/ should do sth. 是做某事的时候了
[练习] 用time短语填空。
1). They sent the mail to me just _______ _______, before I 1eft.
2). William arrived at the theatre just _______ _______ for the play was to be on.
3). Hurry up! The concert will begin _______ _______ _______.
4). _______ _______ _______ will I give up.
5). The boy laughed and cried _______ _______ ______ ______.
6). _______ _______ _______ he was addicted to playing web games, but now he devotes himself to writing, which delights his parents.
7). Don’t try to do everything at once; take it a bit _______ _______ _______.
8). You’ll have your own office soon, but _______ _______ _______ _______ you’ ll have to share one with me. Keys: 1). in time 2). in time 3). in no time 4). At no time
5). at the same time 6). At one time 7). at a time 8). for the time being
3. in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
in turn轮流；一个接着一个by turns轮流；一阵……一阵……
take turns (to do sth.)轮流（做某物）It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了
take turns依次；轮班，轮流
[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译句子。
1). She went hot and cold _______ _______.
2). 我们轮流着开车。________________________________________________________________
3). 今天轮到谁发言了？_______________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). by turns 2). We drove the car by turns / in turn. = We took turns to drive the car.
3). Whose turn is it to give a speech today?
4. prevent...from = stop...from = keep....from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事
【用法辨析】注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中
from不可省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，
三者的from都不可省；当后接sb’s doing sth. 作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，
因为没有keep sb’s doing sth. 的句型。
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子或翻译。
1). Doctors took action to _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (防止这种疾病的蔓延).
2). Of course I can’ t _______ your going abroad.
3). 警察阻止他们携带武器。
_______________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). prevent/stop/keep the disease from spreading 2). prevent / stop
3). The police prevented/stopped/kept them from carrying weapons.
= They were prevented/stopped/kept from carrying weapons.
5. block out 挡住（光线）
[短语归纳] out短语：
break out 爆发，发生
burst out 大声喊叫，突然…起来
go out 外出；过时；(灯)熄
put out 关(灯)；扑灭；生产
come out 出现，显露；出版，结果是look out留神；注意
watch out 注意；提防
find out 找出，查明，发现pick out挑出，辨认出，分辨出speak out 大声地说，大胆地说hang out 挂出，闲逛
knocked out (拳击中)击倒，打昏sell out 售完(某种货物)，脱销turn out 结果证明是
run out (of) 用完，耗尽
hand out 分发，散发give out 分发；用完，消耗尽；发出(光、声音等) check out 结帐离去，办妥手续离去
help out 帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)
think out仔细思考某事；想出（主意等）
[练习] 用out短语填空。
1). At the end of the race his legs _______ _______ and he collapsed on the ground.
2). It’ s easy to _______ him _______ in a crowd because he is very tall.
3). His nwe book will _______ _______ next month.
4). We thought it was going to rain; it _______ _______ to be a find day.
5). We _______ _______ of/from our hotel at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight.
Keys: 1). gave out 2). pick; out 3). come out 4). turned out 5). checked out
6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张
[短语归纳] off短语：
get off 下车fall off 从……摔下来take off 脱下；起飞keep off 远离turn off 关闭pay off 付清，还清set...off 给……送行kick off 踢球jump off 跳下give off 散发show off 炫耀shut off 关闭[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译。
1). It is a Sunday and we _______ _______ (不用上班) today.
2). Her husband _______ _______ on a business trip somewhere.
3). There we saw a sign reading, “_______ _______ the grass”.
4). After ten years of hard work, she finally _______ _______ all her debts.
Keys: 1). are off 2). was off 3). Keep off 4). paid off
7. break out (灾难、战争等) 突发；爆发
[短语归纳] break短语：
break away from 脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制）break down毁掉；坏掉；(计划/谈判)失败
break up打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体) break off (使)停止；中断；折断
break into sth. 强行进入某处break one’s word/promise食言；说话不算数[练习] 用break短语填空。
1). A terrible tsunami _______ _______ in the southeastern countries of Asia at Christmas, 2004.
2). When do you _______ _______ for Christmas?
3). Negotiations between the two sides have _______ _______.
4). His house was _______ _______ last week.
Keys: 1). broke out 2). break up 3). broken down 4). broken into
8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
watch out(for)＝look out (for)密切注意；留神
take care 留神，注意
be careful 仔细，留神
watch it 当心，小心
watch over 照看；看守
[练习] 用watch短语填空。
1). There must have been an angel _______ _______ me that day.
2). What problems should I _______ _______ _______ when buying an old house?
3). You’ ll become an alcoholic if you don’ t _______ _______.
Keys: 1). watching over 2). watch out for 3). watch out
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. 它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。[解释]“be + 不定式”结构通常用来表示“按计划或安排将要做的事情”，或表示上级对下级、父母对子女下命令，“应该做某事”或表示某事“将必然发生”。例如：
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you are to go to her office after class. 你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。
2). The worst is still to come. 更糟糕的事情还会发生。
3). We’ll hold a meeting tomorrow. = We are to hold a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is to be held tomorrow. 我们明天将开会。
4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am. 这趟火车将于上午10: 25到达北京。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you ______ ______ ______ to her office after class. (你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。)
2). The worst is still ______ ______ (come).
3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow.
= We ______ ______ ______ a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is ______ ______ ______ tomorrow.
4). 这趟火车将于上午10：25到达北京。
________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). are to go 2). to come 3). are to hold; to be held
4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am.
2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop. 那使生命的生长发育成为一种可能。
[解释] 此句中的made后跟带形式宾语it的复合结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式复合结构，“for live to begin to develop”，宾语补足语是possible。再如：She made it her business to find out who was responsible. 她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。
提示：常用于此结构的动词还有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：
1). We make it a rule to get up at 6 o’ clock every mo rning.
2). I find it hard to get along with him.
3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.我觉得我有责任帮助你。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (规定) to get up at 6 o’clock every morning.
2). I ______ ______ ______ (发现很难) to get along with him．
3). 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
___________________________________________________________________________________________ 4). 我觉得我有责任帮助你。
___________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). make it a rule 2). find it hard 3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.
3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试
着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
[解释] twice as...as... “是……的两倍”，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数+ as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍”My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+ than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍”My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth等。例如：
1). This ruler is three times as long as that one. = This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one. 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。
2). There are four times as many students as we expected. 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。
[解释] twice as ... as... 是的两倍，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数+ as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍”My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+ than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍”My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth 等。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。There are ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ we expected. Keys: 1). This ruler is three times as long as that one. = This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one. 2). four times as many students as
VI词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. climate / weather
climate指从长时间的范围来看某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；
weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We shall go out for a picnic tomorrow if the _______ is fine.
2). A drier _______ would be good for your health.
3). I couldn’t imagine what it would be like to live in a hot ________.
4). The _______ of our country is mild, but individual places experience bad ________.
Keys: 1). weather 2). climate 3). climate 4). climate; weather
2. now that / since / because / as
都可引导原因状语从句，语气最强的是because，引导直接而明确的原因，也用来回答why的问句或用于强调句型；其次是since/now that，表示已知或明显的原因，再次是as，引导的原因是不言而喻、显而易见的；for引导的是并列分句，表推测或判断的原因，前面有逗号隔开。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). _______ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
2) It was _______ he was ill that he didn’ t go to school.
3). It must have rained last night, _______ the ground is all wet.
4). _______ we are alone, we can speak freely.
Keys: 1). since/now that 2). because 3). for 4). Now (that)
课文要点（模块）
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
As the result of "Big Bang", the violent earth slowly settled into a globe 1 (move) around the sun. The gasses which were to make the earth's 2 （大气层）came into being from the explosion of the dust ball, with water 3 (follow) them while the earth cooled down. It allowed the beginning for life. Many millions of years 4 , the first 5 (极度的) small plants began to appear 6 the surface of the water, 7 (繁殖) and filling the sea and oceans, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. As time passed, green plants taking carbon dioxide and producing 8 （氧气）came to land and grew into forest. Later the chains of lives continued, such as insects, amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs and mammals, the typical of 9 is human being. They don't only do 10 to the earth but cause damage to it.
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语，
短文解释了生命如何在地球上开始的。首先，地球爆炸和产生水。因为水的存在，然后植物和动物，包括人类逐渐在地球上出现。
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课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：what＋主语从句＋is …till +时间名词＋定语从句
【模仿1】他要给我什么礼物一直不知，直到昨天下文他来看我是我才知道。
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答案：What gift he would give me was uncertain until yesterday afternoon when he came to see us.
【模仿2】没人知道我们将要得到什么样的工作，直到3年后我们从大学毕业以后才知道。
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答案：What jobs we will get is unknown until 3 years later when we will graduate from university.
2【原句】What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: 主语从句＋is ＋that表语从句
【模仿1】他想告诉我们的是一天下文当他在回家的路上看见一只小鸟受伤了。
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答案：What he wanted to tell us is that one afternoon when he was on his way home he saw a bird which was dying.
【模仿2】他缺席的原因是他在上学时被一辆小车撞伤了。
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答案：Why he was absent is that he was badly hurt by a car when he went to school.
3【原句】They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：which 引导一个定语从句对上句情况的进一步说明。
【模仿1】我们常常看到有人乱丢乱吐，这弄得我们的环境很脏
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答案：We often see some people throw rubbish and spit everywhere，which makes our environment dirty.
【模仿2】她的父母非常感激我们，医生也高度评价了我们的急救，这使得我们意识到学习急救的必要性。__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Her parents were very thankful to us and the doctors thought highly of our first aid, which made us realize
the necessity of learning first aid.
自我测评?技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He was interested in a__________________ and always stayed up at night to watch the stars.
2．Not long ago a v___________ earthquake occurred off the coast of Indonesia.
3．Computer hackers have broken down security s____________，raising questions about the safety of information.
4．Too much sugar can be h________ to children's teeth.
答案：astronomy；violent；systems；harmful
5．The three－star hotel offers a friendly a______________________ and personal service.
6．China has sent up another ______ (人造卫星) into space.
7．There is a lot of rubbish ___________(漂浮) on the surface of the river.
8．_____________ (理论) is based on practice.
9．The__________ (气候) is different from place to place.
10. 6 _______________ (乘) by 5 is 30.
答案：atmosphere；satellite；floating；Theory；climate；multiplied
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．—I‘m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can‘t pass this time.
—______！I’m sure you‘ll make it.
A．Go ahead B．Good luck
C．No problem D．Cheer up
答案：D
解析：考查交际用语。cheer up 用于鼓励别人：振奋起来，别灰心。
2．(2010?湖北百校联考)With the words, he ______ a wide mouth jar from his pocket and set it on the table in front of him.
A．pulled out B．checked out
C．stuck out D．dropped out
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语。语意表示他从口袋里拿出一个广口瓶，用pull out表示“抽，从……中抽出来”。check out“结帐离去，办妥手续离去”；stick out“坚持，突出，伸出”；drop out“退出，退学”。
3．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ______ her duty to look after all the other people‘s affairs in that town.
A．this B．that
C．one D．it
解析：考查it做形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语to look after...。
答案：D
4．Completely lost in the exciting ______ of the football match, Tom didn‘t feel his pocket picked.
A．scene B．view
C．atmosphere D．sight
答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。atmosphere 在此指“气氛；氛围”。
5．Many Europeans ______ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.
A．exploded B．exposed
C．explored D．expanded
答案：C
解析：句意为：许多欧洲人在19世纪对非洲大陆进行了探索。explode爆炸；expose暴露，显示；explore 探索；expand扩大。
6．It’s ______ for the Shenzhou Ⅶspaceship that every Chinese feels cheerful and proud.
A．so a successful flight
B．so successful a flight
C．such successful a flight
D．a such successful flight
答案：B
解析：考查such...that和so...that句型。句意为：对于“神七”来说，这是一次极为成功的飞行，以至于每个中国人都为之高兴和自豪。“so＋adj.＋a＋可数名词单数”或“such＋a＋adj.＋可数名词单数”。
7．He has ______ letters to answer and has to work from morning to night.
A．much B．a great deal of
C．masses of D．the number of
答案：C
解析：考查修饰名词表“大量”的词的辨析。masses of相当于plenty of，意为“许多；大量”。A、B两项用于修饰不可数名词；the number of意为“……的数目”，与题意不符。
8．(2010?陕西西安质检)We were scared to death when the fire ______. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.
A．broke out B．came out
C．gave out D．turned out
答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。break out表示“(战争、打斗等不愉快事件)突然发生”；come out表示“出发，发芽”；give out表示“分发，用完”；turn out表示“结果是，生产”。语意：突如其来的大火把我们吓得要死，幸好被扑灭了，没有造成很大损失。A项符合语意。
9．At the ______ news, there was a ______ expression on his face.
A．puzzled; puzzling B．puzzling; puzzle
C．puzzling; puzzled D．puzzled; puzzle
答案：C
解析：第一空用puzzling “令人迷惑的”修饰news；第二空指“迷惑的表情”用puzzled。
10．Do you think ______ life on Mars?
A．it exists B．there exists
C．it is existed D．there is existed
答案：B
解析：考查There exists ...句式，意为“某地存在某物”。exist v. 存在。
11．All possible means ______. However, nothing can ______ him dying of lung cancer.
A．has tried; stop
B．have tried; keep
C．has been tried; prevent
D．have been tried; stop
答案：D
解析：第一空主语means 是单复数同形的名词，有all修饰，谓语用复数，且为被动语态；第二空stop 和prevent 都对，但keep...from中from不能省略。
12．______，I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on working hard, and you ‘ll succeed______.”
A．At a time; in time B．At a time; on time
C．At one time; in time D．At one time; on time
答案：C
解析：第一空填at one time “曾经有一段时间”，第二空填in time “迟早”。at a time “一次”；on time “按时”。
13．(2010?北京东城期末)Water, which seems so simple and common, is ______ makes life possible.
A．what B．that
C．which D．how
答案：A
解析：考查表语从句。名词性从句的解题原则是“缺什么补什么”，此处表语从句“______ makes life possible”中缺少“主语”，同时“主语”不表示“人”，用what(表示人时应该选用who或者whom)。所以选A项。14．______you‘ve passed the final exam, you can prepare for the coming holiday.
A．Now that B．As soon as
C．Although D．If
答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。now that 可引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”。
15．Some parts in South China have experienced ______this year as they did last year.
A．twice as much rain B．rain twice as much
C．as twice much rain D．twice rain as much
答案：A
解析：考查倍数比较twice as much ...as。
单词拼写
1. He balanced the long pole at its center of _________ ( 重力)。
2. I believe the affair is _______ ( 有害的)。
3. He likes living in cooler __________ ( 气候)。
4.The manager’s ________ (到场) at the party was a surprise.
5. The ___________ ( 令人失望的)result upset many football fans.
6. A bomb buried under the ground for many years e__________ and three people died and
one was injured.
7. It is said that there is a v____________ storm tomorrow.
8. The social s_________ needs to be improved.
9. This kind of plant m__________ very quickly in warm weather.
10.The d____________ of this industry will take several years.
【答案】1. gravity 2. harmful 3. atmosphere 4. presence 5. disappointing 6. exploded
7. violent 8. system 9. multiplies 10.development
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Unit 1 Women of achievement 1． Target language a. achieve, achievement, condition, welfare, institute, connection, campaign, organization, entertainment, inspire, support, devote ... to b. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. P2 Everybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. P2 But the evening makes it all worthwhile. P2 ... we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. P2 2． Ability goals a. Learn Warming Up, and know how to tell the great women and the famous women. b. Learn the way to describe a person from what the person did, what she/he looks like and so on. 3． Learning ability goals Teach Ss how to describe a person. Teaching important points a. By reading A protector of African wildlife, students can learn from Jane Goodall in at least two aspects: b. Ask students to answer these questions: 1) What made her a great success? 2) What should we learn from Jane Goodall? Teaching difficult points Let everyone believe that all of us can become Jane Goodall. Teaching methods Inspiration, Questioning and Discussion. Teaching aids A computer, a projector and a recorder.
人教版高中英语必修4单词
Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白.弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员welfare n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会specialist n. 专家；专业工作者specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简.古道尔(英国动物学家) △chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪.威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者）campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n. 观察；观测 childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵 entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 lead a … life 过着……的生活 crowd n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头； 涌入脑海 inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞 support n. & vt. 支持；拥护 look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起 refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 refer to查阅；参考；谈到 audience n. 观众；听众；读者 by chance碰巧；凑巧 come across （偶然）遇见；碰见 △career n. 事业；生涯 rate n. 比率；速度 sickness n. 疾病；恶心 intend vt. 计划；打算 emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 generation n. 一代；一辈 △determination n. 决心；果断 kindness n. 仁慈；好意 considerate adj. 考虑周到的 consideration n. 考虑；体谅 deliver vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） carry on 继续；坚持 modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的Unit 2 statistic n. （常用pl statistics）数据；统计； 统计数字；统计资料 sunburnt adj. 晒黑的 struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力decade n. 十年；十年期 super adj. 特级的；超级的 △hybrid adj. 混合的；杂种的 n. 杂交种；混血儿output n. 产量；输出 △strain n.（植物的）品种；种类 crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量 hunger n. 饥饿；欲望 vt. & vi. （使）饥饿 disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的expand vt. & vi. 使变大；伸展circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传
(完整)人教版高一英语必修一单词表
人教版高一英语必修1单词表 Unit 1 1.survey 调查；测验 2.add up 合计 3.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 4.ignore不理睬；忽视 5.calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇定的；沉着的calm...down（使）平静下来 6.have got to 不得不；必须 7.concern（使）担心；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 8.be concerned about 关心；挂念 9.walk the dog 溜狗 10.loose adj 松的；松开的 11.vet 兽医 12.go through 经历；经受 13.Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） https://www.360docs.net/doc/3911236033.html,herlands 荷兰（西欧国家） 15.Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 16.German 德国的；德国人的；德语的。 17.Nazi 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 18.set down 记下；放下；登记 19.series 连续，系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 20.outdoors在户外；在野外 21.spellbind 迷住；疑惑 22.on purpose 故意 23.in order to 为了 24.dusk 黄昏傍晚at dusk 在黄昏时刻 25.thunder vi 打雷雷鸣n. 雷，雷声 26.entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 27.entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 28.power能力；力量；权力。 29.face to face 面对面地 30.curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布 31.dusty adj 积满灰尘的 32.no longer /not …any longer 不再 33.partner 伙伴．合作者．合伙人 34.settle 安家；定居；停留vt 使定居；安排；解决 35.suffer vt &遭受；忍受经历suffer from 遭受；患病 36.loneliness 孤单寂寞 37.highway公路 38.recover痊愈；恢复 39.get/be tired of 对…厌烦 40.pack捆扎；包装打行李n 小包；包裹pack （sth ）up 将（东西）装箱打包
新人教版高中英语必修四完整课文译文
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修四 第一单元卓有成就的女性 Reading 非洲野生动物研究者 清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起，我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。我们当天的首相任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩睡觉的大树旁。大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候黑猩猩睡醒了，准备离开。然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家族里是爱的表达方式。简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。她说对了，但是到了傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们一起回窝里睡觉了。我们明白了黑猩猩家庭成员之间的联系像人类家庭一样紧密。 在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。从孩提时代起，简就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。但是，这不是一件简单的事。当她1960年最初来到贡贝时。对女性来说，住进大森林还是很稀罕的事情。她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩猎食动物。而在此之前，人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。她曾经亲眼看到
过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。她还发现了黑猩猩是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。 40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不是用于娱乐或公告。她还为黑猩猩建起了可以安全生活的专门的保护区，她的生活是忙忙碌碌的，然而，正如她所说的：“我一旦停下来，所有的一切就会涌上心头。我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩，太可怕了。每当我看着野生黑猩猩时，这个念头总是萦绕着我。我会对自己说：…难道它们不幸运吗？?然后我就想起了那些没有如何过错却被关在笼子里的小 黑猩猩。一旦你看到这些，你就永远不会忘记……。” 简已经得到了她想要得到的一切：在动物的栖息地工作：获得博士学位；还向世人证明女人和男人一样也能在森林里生活。她激励着人们为妇女们的成就而喝彩。 Using Language 为什么不继承她的事业？ 上学时我喜欢英语、生物和化学，但是我进大学该选哪门专业呢？直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性时，我才有了答案。 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林稚巧大夫的文章。她是妇科专家，1901年生，1983年去世。林稚巧似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，写了很多书和文章。其中有一本书引起了我的注意。这是一本小书，介绍如何从妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率，她提出了一些可以遵循的简单的做法，保持婴儿清洁和健康，让他们远离疾病。她为什么要写这些东西呢?林稚巧认为哪些妇女会需要这些忠告呢？我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。也许是她们在遇到紧急情况时找不到医生。
高中英语必修三unit4学案及答案
高中英语必修三 u n i t4学案及答案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
Book3 Unit4 Period 6 编写：孙东夷 3/10/2015 学习目标：A/B 1.复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 2.能拓展相关词汇并应用 C 1复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 2.能拓展相关词汇 D.1. 复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 Ⅰ.立体式复习单词 A．基础单词 1．________n．系统；体系；制度2．________n．宗教；宗教信仰3．________n．学说；理论4．________prep.不同，不像5．________vi.& vt.乘；增加6．________adv.因此，于是7．________n．万有引力；重力8．________adj.温和的；文雅的9．________n．气候 10．________vi.& vt.碰撞，坠落11．________n．& vt.拉(力)，拖，牵引(力) 12．________vi.& vt.(使)浮动，(使)漂浮 B．词汇拓展 13．________adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→________n．暴力；暴行；剧烈14．________adj.基本的；基础的→________adv.根本上；完全地 15．________adj.有害的→________n．危害；害处 16．________vi.存在；生存→________n．存在，生存 17．________n．谜；难题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→________adj.令人迷惑的，困惑的→________adj.迷惑的，困惑的 18．________n．地球，世界→________adj.全球性 Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语 A．短语互译 1．________________及时，终于2．________________下蛋 3．________________产生，分娩4．________________阻止，制止5．________________in one's turn 6．________________cheer up 7．________________break out 8．________________watch out 9．________________block out 10．________________now that B．用上面短语的适当形式填空 11．Do you know that crocodiles reproduce by__________ 12．During the car accident，he was____________to escape from the car without being hurt. 13．The tall tree____________the sunlight. 14．The war____________between the two countries. 15．____________for wild animals when you go up the hills. Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型 2
完整word版,人教版高中英语必修一unit1教案最终版
Teaching Plan Unit1 Friendship 教材人教版高中英语必修一 试讲者李瑶单位新疆师范大学 适用年级高中一年级单元第一单元 课题Anne’s Best Friend 课时共五课时，第二课时 （ Reading） 一．教材分析 Analysis of the Teaching Materials This unit is the first unit of the senior English studying which talks about friendship.As for the students, at the beginning of senior school life, making new friends is one of important things for them now,so the topic of this unit is appropriate at the present time. It can easily stimulate students’interests in English learning and help students think how to choose friends and the meaning of the friendship. The reading passage is the center of the unit. It mainly talks about the Anna , a Jewish girl , during the world war II, regarded the diary as her best friend to express her happiness, sorrow and missing to her hometown. 二．学情分析 Analysis of the Students As the students, grade1of senior high school,they have the basic abilities of listening,speaking,reading and writing,but they still need more chances to practice what they have learnt and improve their ability of communicating with others and expressing their ideas fluently and accurately. Meanwhile,it is also necessary to develop their autonomous learning ability and cooperative learning ability, as well cultivate the awareness of cultural differences. 三. 教学目标 Teaching Aims 1.Knowledge Objectives 1.Get students to know the main content of this article. 2.Learn about the formats of a diary. 2.Ability Objectives 1.Develop their reading ability and learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on. 2.Summarize different paragraphs. 3.Emotion Objectives
高中英语必修四语法(人教版)
I 主语和谓语动词的一致 1主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。如: I am seventeen. She is sixteen. There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it. They have not come yet. Nobody knows who is going to win in the competition. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games? 2两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。如: Wang Gang and Zhang Hua were here a moment ago. My brother and I have both seen the film. Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 说明 (1) 当and不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。如: The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授作家正在会上发言。 One more knife and fork is needed.还需要一副刀叉。 War and peace is a constant theme in history.战争与和平是历史永恒的主题。 (2) 两个并列的名词有each, every, many a等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如: Each doctor and (each) nurse / Every doctor and (every) nurse was given a new shirt.每个大夫和护士都发了一件新衬衫。 NO sound and no voice is heard.-点声音都没有。 Many boy and (many a) girl has made the same mistake.许多男孩女孩都犯了同样的错误。2电休名词group, class family army, enemy等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形
高中英语必修三unit4学案及答案培训讲学
Book3 Unit4 Period 6 编写：孙东夷3/10/2015 学习目标：A/B 1.复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 2.能拓展相关词汇并应用 C 1复习并掌握本单元单词和词组2.能拓展相关词汇 D.1. 复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 Ⅰ.立体式复习单词 A．基础单词 1．________n．系统；体系；制度2．________n．宗教；宗教信仰3．________n．学说；理论 4．________prep.不同，不像5．________vi.& vt.乘；增加6．________adv.因此，于是7．________n．万有引力；重力 8．________adj.温和的；文雅的 9．________n．气候 10．________vi.& vt.碰撞，坠落 11．________n．& vt.拉(力)，拖，牵引(力) 12．________vi.& vt.(使)浮动，(使)漂浮 B．词汇拓展 13．________adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→________n．暴力；暴行；剧烈 14．________adj.基本的；基础的→________adv.根本上；完全地 15．________adj.有害的→________n．危害；害处 16．________vi.存在；生存→________n．存在，生存 17．________n．谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→________adj.令人迷惑的，困惑的→________adj.迷惑的，困惑的 18．________n．地球，世界→________adj.全球性 Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语 A．短语互译 1．________________及时，终于2．________________下蛋 3．________________产生，分娩4．________________阻止，制止5．________________in one's turn 6．________________cheer up 7．________________break out 8．________________watch out 9．________________block out 10．________________now that B．用上面短语的适当形式填空 11．Do you know that crocodiles reproduce by__________？ 12．During the car accident，he was____________to escape from the car without being hurt. 13．The tall tree____________the sunlight. 14．The war____________between the two countries. 15．____________for wild animals when you go up the hills. Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型 1．The earth became so_violent_that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 【句式仿写】他如此聪明以至于在如此短的时间就解出了那道题。 He is he worked out the problem in such a short time. 2．This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.