高二选修六 Unit 2 Poems 知识点学习与训练
Unit 2 Poems 知识点学习与训练
目录
词汇语言点 (1)
虚拟语气 (16)
话题语言应用——诗歌 (30)
词汇语言点
学习目标
重点词汇
convey, load, concrete, tease, contradictory, flexible, eventually, transform, appropriate, exchange, sponsor, blank
重点短语
take it easy, run out of, be made up of, in particular, try out, let out
重点句型
reason+从句
知识讲解
重点词汇
convey
【原句回放】Others try to convey certain emotions. 而有些诗试图传达某种感情。
【点拨】convey vt.传达；运送；表达
1. A good photograph can often convey（传达）far more than words.
好的照片经常比文字更能传情。
2. These results will enable us at least to convey（表明）a sense of progress.
这些结果至少能表明一种进步的感觉。
3.Please convey (转达) my appreciation to your President.
请代我向您的总裁/总统转达我的感激之情。
4. A taxi conveyed（运送）us to the train station. 一辆出租车把我们送到火车站。
（convey sb. to some place 用车送某人去某地）
load
【原句回放】Slowly the old man carries his load. 老人慢慢地挑着担子前行。
【点拨】load n. 负担，负重
1. The men were struggling with their heavy loads.
这些人因为负担沉重而挣扎着。（或：这些男人背着沉重的包蹒跚着向前走着）。
2. She drove back from the farm with a full load of hay.
他开车从农场回来，车上装满了干草。
3. You must allow others to share your load (指“工作”，一般工作量较大).
你一定要让其他人分担你的工作。
4. Her grief is a heavy load to bear. 她心情沉重得难以忍受。
a load of=loads of+可数或不可数名词：意思是“一大堆的......”，load此处相当于pile。
5. You are getting yourself into a whole load of trouble. 你正深陷麻烦之中。
loads of friends 一大堆朋友
【拓展】load vt.装......，把......装上车
1. They are loading the truck now. 他们在装车。
2. My camera is loaded with a color film. 我的照相机装上了彩色胶卷。
3. He loaded the cassette into the player. 他把磁带装到了唱机里。
4. I knew how to load and handle a gun. 我知道如何装子弹和用枪。
5. Jim felt loaded down with money worries. 因为钱的问题吉姆感觉负担过重。
(load sb./oneself down 给某人过重的负担，此句中load用过去分词，作felt的表语) ■
concrete
【原句回放】The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. 这些语言具体但富有想象力，它们能使孩子们快乐，因为它们押韵而又节奏感强，而且重复多遍。
【点拨】concrete adj. 混凝土制的；确实的，具体的
concrete evidence/proposals 确凿的证据/ 具体的建议
It is easier to think in concrete terms rather than in the abstract.
结合具体的事物思考比抽象思考容易些。
【拓展】concrete n. 混凝土
vt.用混凝土覆盖
The path had been concreted over. 小路铺设了混凝土。
tease
【原句回放】Teasing, shouting, laughing (爱)取笑，吆喝，大笑
【点拨】tease v. 取笑，招惹，戏弄
n. 取笑，爱开玩笑的人
常用搭配：tease sb. about sth. 拿某事来取笑某人
She teased me about my shoes when we met yesterday.
昨天我们见面时她拿我的鞋取笑。
Don’t take it seriously —he was only teasing.
别把它当真——他只不过是在开玩笑。
【拓展】同义短语：
tease = make fun of = laugh at = play a trick on 取笑，戏弄
contradictory
【原句回放】The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. 这些诗可能没有什么意义，甚至（有的）看来自相矛盾，但它们容易学，也容易背诵。
【点拨】contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的
The advice I received was often contradictory. 我得到的建议常常是矛盾的。
There were contradictory versions of what happened.
对于发生的事情的说法相互矛盾。
【拓展】contradict v. 反驳，相矛盾，同......相矛盾
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
Your actions contradict your principles. 你的行为与你的原则相矛盾。
It’s difficult to contra dict someone politely. 彬彬有礼地驳斥别人是难以做到的。
flexible
【原句回放】List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases, which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. “清单诗”诗句的长短比较灵活且有重复的短语，这就形成了这种诗的模式和节奏。
【点拨】flexible adj. 灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的，柔顺的，可弯曲的
You need to be more flexible and imaginative in your approach.
你需要在方法上更灵活点，更有点想象力。
Can you be flexible about when you take your leave? 你休假的时间能变动吗？
To do the work, you need a flexible ruler. 要做这个工作，你需要一个软尺。
【拓展】flexibility n.灵活
flexibly adv.灵活地，柔顺地
flexitime n.弹性时间工作制
eventually
【原句回放】With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own. 有那么多不同形式的诗可供选择，最后学生可能就想自己写诗了。
【点拨】eventually adv.最后，终于
He worked so hard that eventually he made himself ill.
他工作的太辛苦了，最终生病了。
When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long.
当它最后被拉上岸时，人们发现它超过13英尺长。
【拓展】意义相近的表示法有finally, at last, in the end 等。
transform
【原句回放】Never looking back, transformed into stone. 化为石，不回头！
【点拨】transform vt.彻底改变，改造
常用搭配：transform sb./ sth from...into 把某人或某物从……改造/转变为
Success and wealth transformed his character. 成功和财富彻底改变了他的性格。
A steam engine transforms heat into power. 蒸汽机把热量变成了动力。
【拓展】transformation n. 彻底改观，改变
After three weeks we noticed a total transformation in his behavior.
三周后我们注意到他的行为完全改变了。
appropriate
【原句回放】Match the beginning of each sentence with the appropriate ending. 将每个句子的开头和结尾进行适当的连线搭配。
【点拨】appropriate adj. 正确的；适当的
指适合于某一特定场合的要求，接介词for；强调针对性时用介词to。
His casual clothes weren’t appropriate for such a formal occasion.
他随意的衣着不适合这样的正式场合。
The book was written in a style appropriate to the age of the children.
这本书是以适合孩子的年龄的形式写的。
【拓展】appropriate, suitable, fit, proper的区别：
1. appropriate 指适合于特殊的人及场合、地位等，强调自然具备适宜的性质，强调“恰如其分”；
2. fit 是口语用语，使用广泛，指对某种要求、需要等合适、适当，经常指尺寸、大小等适合于某个目的或用途。常用结构：fit for sth. 和fit to do sth.
3. suitable指适合于某一场合的要求或目的，比fit较为正式。常用结构：suitable for ……。
4. proper 侧重于符合某个标准或习惯等，表示“适合、正确的”时多用于作定语。
如：Parents are warned not to buy books not suitable for their children.
家长们被告诫不要买不适合孩子们的书。
Such a ship is fit for a calm sea only. 这种船只适合于在平静的大海中航行。
I think this is an appropriate moment to raise the question of my promotion.
我认为这是个适当的时候，可以提出我晋升的问题。
Eat some proper food, not just toast and jam!
吃合适的食物，不要只吃面包和果酱。
exchange
【原句回放】If there had not been an exchange programme, he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad. 如果没有一个互换计划的话，他就不会找到一个赞助人来帮他出国学习。
【点拨】exchange vt. & n.交换，调换，兑换；交易；交流
常用搭配：
exchange sth. for sth. 以某物换取某物
exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换/调换某物
in exchange for 交换，调换
make an exchange for 交换
exchange rate 汇率
I’d like to exchange some pounds for dollars. 我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。
John exchanged gifts with Mary. 约翰与玛丽交换了礼物。
He gave me an apple in exchange for a cake. 他给我一个苹果，换一块蛋糕。
【拓展】change与exchange
区别这两个句子：
Let’s exchange our seats. 我们换一下座位吧。（两个人互换）
I changed my seat. 我换了个座位。（换到了别处）
sponsor
【原句回放】If there had not been an exchange programme, he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad. 如果没有一个互换计划的话，他就不会找到一个赞助人来帮他出国学习。
【点拨】sponsor n. 赞助人；发起者，倡仪人；保证人
vt.担保，赞助；倡议；发起，主办
She got a family friend in London to agree to be her sponsor.
她取得伦敦一位世交的同意做她的赞助人。
He sponsored the plan at the meeting. 他在会上倡议了这一计划。
The firm is sponsoring an engineering student at the university.
这家公司在资助一名工科在读大学生。
blank
【原句回放】Fill in the blanks using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 用括号中的动词的正确形式填空。
【点拨】blank n.空白
adj. 空白的，茫然的
I’m trying to think of his name, but my mind’s a co mplete blank.
我使劲想他的名字，但是我的脑子里一片空白。
Asked when she was leaving, my daughter looked at me with a blank expression.
我问我女儿什么时候出发，她表情茫然地看着我。
Suddenly the screen went blank. 突然屏幕上一片空白。
重点短语
take it easy
【原句回放】... if we hadn’t taken it easy... 如果我们没有松懈.......
【点拨】take it easy= take things easy 别着急，别紧张
此短语指在心理上“别着急，别紧张”，相当于“don’t be nervous”。
Take it easy, and you will be better soon. 别着急，你不久就会好的。
The doctor told me to take it easy and not to worry too much.
医生告诉我放松点，别太担心。
I’d like to take things easy when I’m on holiday. 度假时我想放松点。
【拓展】take your time 慢慢来，别着急。表示还有时间。
run out of
【原句回放】... if we hadn’t run out of energy. ......如果我们没有筋疲力尽。
【点拨】1. run out of sth. 用光，耗尽。相当于use up。
Though they were running out of food and drink, the men were confident that they would get out soon.
虽然食物和饮料都快没有了，男人们还是确信很快会出去。
Many hospitals are running out of money. 许多医院都要资金耗尽了。
2. run out 是不及物动词短语，常以物作主语，表示“被用完，被耗尽”，相当于give out。By the time his patience had completely run out. 到这时候他已经完全没有耐心了。
They returned home from South Africa when their money ran out.
钱用光了后他们从南非返回家中。
【拓展】含run的常用短语：
run across 偶然遇见，跑着穿过run after 追捕，跟踪
run into 跑进，（使）撞，偶然遇到run away 逃跑
run for 竞选
be made up of
【原句回放】Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines. 另一种学生易写出的诗歌形式是五行诗，这种诗有五行句子构成。【点拨】be made up of 意为“由......组成”，其主动形式是make up。
Eleven players make up a football team.
= A football team is made up of 11 players.
一支足球队由11个队员组成。
Society is made up of people of widely different abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
【拓展】含make的常用短语：
make up 编造，化妆make up for 弥补
make up one’s mind 下决心make out 辨认出，理解，填写
make use of 利用
be made into 把......制成be made in 生产于某地
be made of 由......制成的（能看出原料）be made from由......制成的（看不出原料）
in particular
【原句回放】Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry —Tang poems from China in particular? 你知道说英语的人也喜欢其他形式的亚洲诗，尤其是中国的唐诗吗？
【点拨】in particular尤其，特别
Is there anything in particular you’d like for dinner? 你正餐有什么特别想吃的吗？
The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent.
这顿饭不错，但是葡萄酒尤其好。
【拓展】particular adj.特定的，特殊的
n. 细节，特色，个别部分
在短语in particular中particular用作名词。
try out
【原句回放】I think I’ll try out his way too some time. 我想还会找个时间尝试一下他的方法。【点拨】try out 试用，试试（try意思是“尝试”，out指结果）
I will try it out and see whether it works. 我要试一下看它能否运行。
Shirley will try out for the lead in the play. 雪莉将要试镜竞争戏中的主角。
let out
【原句回放】Slowly the blackbirds lets out a cry. 黑鸟慢慢地发出叫声。
【点拨】let out 发出
When she saw him, she let out a cry of horror. 她看见他时，发出了恐惧的叫声。
Meer let out his breath in a long sigh. 梅尔长叹了一口气。■
重点句型
reason+从句
【原句回放】There are many reasons why people write poems. 人们写诗的原因有许多。
【点拨】reason+从句
“原句回放”中的reason后接了why引导的定语从句，why代表先行词reasons在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“for the reason”。reason后可以接定语从句，也可以接同位语从句，而定语从句可能有that/which引导，也可能由why引导，要注意区分。
1. The reason why he died young was his inattention to his health.
他早亡的原因是他不注意自己的健康。
（why引导的定语从句，在从句中作原因状语，相当于“for the reason”）
2. Did you hear the reason (that) he gave for being late?
你听到他为迟到而找的理由了吗？
（that引导的定语从句，that代表先行词reason在从句中作宾语，可以省略）
3. We are not going for the simple reason that we can’t afford it.
我们不去，原因很简单：我们负担不起。
（同位语从句，that不在从句中作任何成分，而从句解释了reason的内容）
【拓展】注意句型：The reason why ... is that ...
此句型中is后是that引导的表语从句，说明主语“the reason”的内容。
The reason why we don’t trust him is that he has often lied.
我们不信任他的原因是他经常撒谎。
The reason why I was late is that I missed the first bus.
我迟到的原因是我错过了早班车！
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给首字母或汉语提示用单词的正确形式完成句子。
1. Parents there always give their children names that r______: Donnie, Ronnie, Connie.
2. Six weeks later we heard, to our great s______, that he had died.
3. A travel plan should be f________ in order to cope with changeable weather and unexpected emergencies.
4. You play the piano so well. You will be a good p_________ someday.
5. Our English teacher asked each of us to write a p______ (诗) after class.
6. Don’t take it seriously; he was only t_________（开玩笑）.
7. John was touched by the _________（温暖）of their welcome.
8. The music is written in a ________ (节奏) of three beats to a bar.
9. We should find an _________ (合适的) way to deal with the problem as soon as possible.
10. To have a certain ability of __________ (翻译) is one of the aims of English teaching.
二、选词填空
从下面方框中选出适当的短语或单词并用其正确形式填空。
1. A group _________ ten doctors and an officer was sent to Africa.
2. Among all English poems, I enjoy those written by Shakespeare _________.
3. —Oh, doctor, I have a pain in my leg.
—_________. Let me have a look.
4. I think it _________ to volunteer for the community activity.
5. What has made us puzzled is that why this pop star _________ the young.
6. Tom could hardly wait to ________ his new car his father bought for him.
7. The young man worked hard during holidays ________ money to pay for his education.
8. They had ________ petrol, but there was not a gas station nearby.
9. It’s wrong for parents to let the children ____________late watching TV.
10. This poem is ___________ one of Keat s’ famous works, Ode to a nightingale.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 请向您母亲转达我的祝愿。
Please_______________________________.
2. 他讲了一些笑话, 使观众很开心。
He _____________ the audience ______________________ some jokes.
3. 我钱花光了，你能借点给我吗？
I ________________ my money. Could you lend me some?
4. 这是一种很受说英语的人欢迎的日本诗。
It is a Japanese form of poetry that ________________.
5. 我考试没有及格的原因是我没有努力学习。
_____________ I failed in the exam was ______ I didn’t study hard.
四、单项选择
1. What is it that the author wants to ________ to his readers through the story?
A. send
B. convey
C. take
D. talk
2. Giving lessons to 10 students is a fairly light teaching ________.
A. weigh
B. burden
C. amount
D. load
3. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
4. Their basketball team, mainly ________ black players, is sure to win the match.
A. made of
B. made into
C. made from
D. made up of
5. The bride and bridegroom were _______ wedding gifts when all lights went out.
A. presenting
B. exchanging
C. offering
D. changing
6. Don’t forget to ________ the equipment before setting up the experiment.
A. work out
B. look out
C. try out
D. watch out
7. Many English poems ________Chinese ______ well．
A．translated into; translates B．translated into; didn’t translate
C．translating into; didn’t translate D．translating from; doesn’t translate
8. —Can I look at the menu for a few minutes before I decide?
—Of course. __________, sir.
A. Make yourself at home
B. Enjoy yourself
C. It doesn’t matter
D. Take your time
9. —Do you think I can wear sports clothes for his wedding?
—No, sports clothes are not______.
A．fit B．right C．appropriate D．match
10. Those who are of great determination are _________ to make great achievements.
A. like
B. likely
C. probable
D. possible
11. His practice is in ________ with his stated principles.
A. contribution
B. convenience
C. convention
D. contradiction
12. Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ________ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
A. heavy
B. smooth
C. flexible
D. complex
13. I went along thinking of nothing ________, only looking at things around me.
A. in particular
B. in harmony
C. in doubt
D. in brief
14. The actor _______ the benefit performance to raise money for the Hope Project.
A. spoiled
B. splashed
C. split
D. sponsored
15. The processing secret of the new product was __________ by the reporter, who had little sense of keeping the secret.
A. let into
B. let out
C. let down
D. let be
16. Good teachers must know how to _________ their ideas.
A. convey
B. display
C. consult
D. concern
17. There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we _____ gave up.
A. generously
B. unfortunately
C. eventually
D. purposefully
18. In only 20 years, the country has been ________ into an advanced industrial power.
A. translated
B. decreased
C. declined
D. transformed
19. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them.
A. in preference to
B. in place of
C. in agreement with
D. in exchange for
20. What will the world use for power when it has _________ oil?
A. run away from
B. gone out of
C. run out of
D. broken away from
21. The report _______ figures from six different cities in Europe ______ six parts.
A. basing on; make up
B. based on; is made up of
C. according to; consist of
D. according to; makes of
22. The reason _______ I failed in the exam was _______ I didn’t study hard.
A. that; that
B. that; because
C. why; that
D. why; because
23. The Greens have ________ their garage into a guest house.
A. transformed
B. transmitted
C. transported
D. translated
24. —It can’t be too worse.
—Just ________, things will turn out to be better so long as you don’t stop trying.
A. be all right
B. take your time
C. ignore it
D. take it easy
25. He accidenta lly ________ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A. let out
B. took care
C. made sure
D. made out
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1. rhyme
2. sorrow
3. flexible
4. pianist
5. poem
6. teasing
7. warmth
8. rhythm
9. appropriate 10. translation
难点解析：
3. 句意：旅行计划应该灵活，以适应多变的天气和预想不到的紧急情况。
8. three beats to a bar 一个小节三个节拍
二、选词填空
1. made up of
2. in particular
3. Take it easy
4. makes sense
5. is popular with
6. try out
7. in exchange for
8. run out of
9. stay up 10. translated from
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. convey my good wishes to your mother
2. delighted；by telling
3. have run out of
4. is very popular with English speakers
5. The reason why; that
四、单项选择
1. B。convey表示“传达，表达”。此句是提问被强调部分的强调句型。句意：作者通过这篇故事到底想向读者转达什么呢？
2. D。teaching load 表示“教学任务/负担”。burden 重负。
3. A。he explained 是定语从句,修饰the reason，省略在从句中作宾语的that。
4. D。be made up of 由……组成。此句中用过去分词作非限制性定语。
5. B。present 显示，赠与；exchange 交换；offer 主动提供；change 变化。
6. C。try out 表示“试验，尝试”。work out 计算出；look out 当心（危险等）；watch out
密切注视，提防。句意：实验前不要忘记测试设备。
7. B。第一空translate into作定语，与先行词poems是被动关系，用过去分词作定语；第二空是谓语，translate是不及物动词，表示主语poems的特点，不用被动语态。句意：许多译成汉语的英语诗过去都译得不好。
8. D。Take your time表示“慢慢来”，因为说话人是因为时间问题而感到不好意思，所以饭店的服务员说此句。Make yourself at home.一般是说给到家里来访的客人的客气话，表示“别
客气，就当在自己的家”；Enjoy yourself. 玩得高兴，多吃点。
9. C。appropriate 适当，指在某个特定时间和场合恰如其分。
10. B。只有likely可以用人或者事物作主语，用于句型：sth./ sb. is likely to be/ do...。句意：那些决心大的人取得成就的可能性大。
11. D。contradiction 矛盾；contribution贡献；convention 习俗，惯例；convenience 方便。句意：他的所作所为与他自己申明的原则相反。
12. C。句意：在外面工作的妈妈应该有灵活的工作安排，以确保她们能更容易照顾自己的孩子。heavy 重的；smooth 顺利的；flexible 灵活的；complex 复杂的。
13. A。句意：我走着，没想什么特别的事情，只是随便看周围的事物。in particular 特别；in harmony 和谐；in doubt 怀疑；in brief 简而言之。
14. D。句意：这位演员主办义演为希望工程筹集资金。spoil 损坏，宠坏；splash 溅，泼；split 分离，撕裂；sponsor主办，发起。
15. B。句意：新产品的加工工艺的秘密被那个没有保密意识的记者泄露了出去。let out 泄露，发出，放出；let... into 让......进入/知道；let... down 放下，降低，使......失望；let sb. be 听任，不打扰。
16. A。convey 传达；display 展示；consult 咨询，查阅；concern 使忧虑，关系到。
17. C。eventually 最后，最终；unfortunately 不幸地；generously 慷慨地；purposefully 有明确目的地；果断地。句意：课间/工间休息时那么多人排队等着咖啡，我最终放弃了。18. D。transform 转变，改观；decrease 减少；decline 下降，衰退。句意：仅仅20年里，这个国家就成为先进的工业化强国。
19. D。句意：公务人员向人们索要礼物或钱财以换取对方需要的好处是非法的。in exchange for 交换；in preference to 偏爱；in place of 代替；in agreement with 同意，与......一致。20. C。句意：当世界上的石油用完了后我们用什么来做能源呢？run out of 用光，耗尽；break away from 脱离。
21. B。be based on 以......为基础，第一空是用过去分词作后置定语；第二空是谓语动词，因主语是the report，谓语用单数。句意：这篇以欧洲的六个不同城市的数据为基础的报告由六个部分构成。
22. C。第一空why代替先行词the reason在后面定语从句中作原因状语，相当于for the reason；第二空因主语是The reason，而且表语从句中不缺成分，用that引导表语从句。23. A。考查词义辨析。transform 使(形状、姿态、性质、机能等) 改变，transform ...into ...
把……改变成……，故A项符合句意。transmit传送；传导；传达；transport 输送；运输；translate 翻译，皆不符合句意。
24. D。句意为：——糟透了。——沉住气，只要不放弃，事情会变好的。take it easy表示安慰，意为“别紧张，沉住气”；take your time 别着急，慢慢来，表示还有时间；ignore 忽视。
25. A。考查动词短语辨析。let out 在本句中为“泄露”的意思。take care 小心，注意；make sure 确信；make out 辨别出，理解。句意：他偶然透露他与妻子吵架了，已经几周没有回家了。
虚拟语气
概念引入
上一单元我们学习了虚拟语气中与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟条件句及宾语从句的虚拟语气。本单元要继续学习虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，及虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用。
首先，我们先看下面含虚拟语气的句子：
1. We would have won, if Jack had scored that goal.
2. We would have won if we hadn’t stayed up so late the night before.
3. We would have won the championship, if we had got Mr Han to coach us.
4. If she had studied harder, she would have got the diploma.
这些句子都是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。下面我们就来学习这部分内容。
用法讲解
与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
虚拟条件句的动词形式
从表格可知，虚拟条件句与过去事实相反时，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时，而主句的谓语用would/should/might/could加现在完成时形式。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话---he didn’t take my advice）
If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.
要是你早来几分钟的话，你就见到他了。（事实：来晚了---you came late）
If She hadn’t been so strict with herself, she wouldn’t have made such great progress.
她要是对自己要求不严格，她就不会有这样大的进步。
（事实：她对自己很严格---she was strict with herself）
虚拟语气中的倒装
条件从句中的were，had, should可放句首，省略if，条件句成为倒装句。
Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.
如果你邀请我们了，我们会参加你的聚会的。
Were I ( If I were ) you, I would do more practice.
如果我是你，我会做更多的练习。
Should she ( If she should) lend us a helping hand, we would succeed.
如果她帮助我们，我们会成功的。
注意：
条件句或省略的条件句可以放句尾。如：
We would have lost our lives had it not been for the policeman.
如果没有这位警察，我们就没命了。
千变万化的表现形式
if虚拟条件句的三个公式的倒装我们说完了，那是不是就这一种变化呢？我们接下来看看它的千变万化的表达形式。
含蓄虚拟语气
有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些介词短语（如without，but for等）或上下文中。
1. I was very tired. Otherwise, I would have gone to the party with you last night.
我太累了。否则，我昨晚就同你去聚会了。
（otherwise代替了条件句“If I hadn’t been very tired”）
2. Life without any friends or family would be lonely for me.
如果生活既没有朋友也没有家庭，那对我来讲就太孤独了。
（without短语代替“If there were no friends or family”）
3. If only we had done as we were told. 如果我们按照被告知的去做，该多好呀。
4. If only I had known the answer before the test. 考试前就知道答案，那该多好呀。
（if only表示“要是......该多好呀”，表示假设的内容成立时的感受，但是并没有明确说出这种感受）
5. But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey.
要不是下雨，我们本来会有一个愉快的旅行的。
（But for the rain，代替的是“If it hadn’t rained”）
混合虚拟语气
什么混合了呢？从下面例句中我们看出是时态方面的混合，即主句与从句所指的时间不一致，这时主从句的时态根据实际的时间概念确定。
1. If I had eaten breakfast several hours ago, I would not be hungry now.
如果我几小时前吃了早餐的话，我现在就不会饿了。
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）
2. If I were you, I would have gone to the theatre. 如果我是你，我就去剧院了。
（从句与经常的状况相反，属特殊用法，主句与过去事实相反）
3. If you hadn’t helped me, I would be still working now.
如果当时你没有帮我的话，现在我还在工作呢。
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）
分裂虚拟语气
在这种句型中，虚拟语气通常省略条件句，只保留主句，后面再加上真实的情况。
1. He would gain weight but he doesn’t eat much.他会增加重量的，但是他吃得不多。
（=If he ate much, he would gain weight, but he doesn’t eat much.）
2. I would go to visit them but I don’t think th ey are anxious to see me.
我本来是会看他们的，但是我想他们不会急于见我。
（=If they were anxious to see me, I would go to visit them.）
3. I would have invited her to the party but I did n’t know her well.
我本来想邀请她来聚会的，但是与她不怎么熟。
注意：这种句型的关键词but。■
虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法（1）
主语从句的虚拟语气
这种主语从句由连词that引导，虚拟语气为“（should）动词原形”。其中should可省略。should 常译成“应该、必须、竟然”。注意下面句型：
1．It is／was + 形容词+ that从句
当形容词为important, necessary，strange，natural，appropriate, proper, right, desirable, essential, surprising, unthinkable等或名词短语a good idea时。
如：It is important and necessary that we (should) master a foreign language．
我们精通一门外语是重要而且必要的。
It is proper that an independent inquiry (should) take place. 进行独立调查很合适。
It is strange that he (should) refuse your help．
他竟然拒绝你的帮助真是奇怪。
It is surprising that you (should) not understand me! 你竟然不理解我，真令人吃惊！
2. It is／was + a pity/a shame / a surprise / no wonder + that从句
It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.你竟然错过一个好机会真是遗憾。
3. It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/ ….that-clause
It is suggested that he (should) not spend too much time watching TV.
有人建议他不应该花太多时间看电视。
It is proposed that the plan (should) be delayed. 有人建议推迟这项计划。
表语从句的虚拟语气
1. 在名词“suggestion, proposal, idea, plan，order, advice, desire, requirement, request, command, decision, recommendation等”后面的同位语从句或表语从句中，用“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference．
我的建议是我们应该让更多的人参加会议。
2. as if ( as though)引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气。
It seems as if the meeting would never end. 看来会议没完没了。（与将来相反）
It seems as though he had been there many times. 好像他已经去过那里好多次了。
（与过去事实相反）
It seems as if nobody knew what happened. 好像没有知道发生了什么事。
注：详细用法见上一单元的《虚拟语气（1）》。
同位语从句中的虚拟语气
与表示“决定、主张、要求、建议、命令”的动词相对应的名词构成的同位语从句中常用“（should）+do”结构。
The requirement that students (should) learn to protect themselves is successfully carried out in most schools. 学生必须学会保护自己，这一要求在大多数学校都能顺利实施。
I made a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week．
我提议我们应该下周开个会。
虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法（2）
定语从句中的虚拟语气
It is (high) time+ (that) 从句
此句型的虚拟语气结构是：从句的谓语动词一般用过去式或“should + 动词原形”等虚拟结构，意为“该做某事了”。注意should不省略。
选修6-unit2-重点词汇短语
词汇 1. convey vt, 向…表达、传递（感情，思想，意见等） convey sb. to some place 用车送某人去某地 vt convey sb/ sth from ……to…..传送，运送 eg.1. The train conveys both passengers from the airport to your hotel. 2.These results will enable us at least to convey（表明）a sense of progress. 这些结果至少能表明一种进步的感觉。 3.His songs convey a sense of optimism. 【练习】I was so nervous that I couldn’t______my true feelings in front of so many people. A. expose B. deliver C. instruct D. convey 解析：. D 此题考查动词辨析。 句意：我如此紧张，以至于当着这么多人的面，我不能表达自己的真实感情。 expose显露，暴露；deliver传送，发表；instruct指示，吩咐；convey表达（思想、情感）等。 2. concrete adj/n/v混凝土的，确凿的（证据），具体的（建议） The garden had been concreted over. 铺设了混凝土 Concrete evidence Concrete proposals It’s easier to think in concrete terms rather than abstract. 3. contradictory adj引起矛盾的，好反驳的 contradict v反驳，相矛盾contradiction n不一致，矛盾 contradict oneself 自相矛盾 例句 : There were contradictory versions of what happened. 对于发生的事情的说法相互矛盾。 4. flexible adj灵活的，可弯曲的 flexibility n. 灵活 flexibly adv. 灵活地，柔顺地
人教版英语选修六第一单元知识点
U1(选修六) 1.Abstract 1)Adj.深奥的，抽象的 Astronomy is an abstract subject. 天文学是一门深奥的学科。 The word “honesty” is an abstract noun. Beauty is abstract but a house is not .美是抽象的，房子是具体的。 2）V. ○1“提炼”“抽取” The workers are abstracting metal from ore.工人们正在由矿砂提炼金属。 Rubber is abstractedfrom trees.橡胶是从树木提取的。 Salt can be abstracted from sea water.盐是从海水中提取出来的。 “概括，写摘要” He is abstracting a story for a book review.他在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。 3）n. an abstract of a lecture一个演讲的摘要 2.Would you rather have Chinese or Western-style paintings in your home? would rather do sth情愿做…. would rather sb did sth情愿sb做… 情愿做….而不愿意做…： would rather do sth than do sth = would do sth rather than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth I would rather stay at home today. 我今天宁愿待在家里。 I would rather you came here tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。 I would rather you hadn’t told me about it yesterday.我宁愿你昨天没有告诉我关于它。 我宁愿跟你走而不愿意待在这里： I would rather go with you than stay here. I would go with you rather than stay here. I prefer to go with you rather than stay here. I prefer going with you to staying here. 3.faith n. 信任,信仰 break one's faith with sb. 对某人不守信用 keep faith with 忠于信仰; 守信 I kept faith with him.我信守了对他的诺言。 He who loses faith, loses all.失去信心的人, 失去所有。 faithful adj. 忠诚的，可靠的 have faith in 相信, 信任 in good faith 老实地；诚恳地 4.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text． salad/adv + that… so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数) (+that…) so many/few +n (复数) (+ that…)
(完整版)新课标人教版高中英语选修6单词-中文
选修六 Unit 1 1.adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2.adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 3.n. 雕塑 4.n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 5.n. 美术陈列室；画廊 6.n. 信任；信心；信念 7.adv. 忠实地 8.adv. 所以；因而 9.n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 10.adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 11.adj. 典型的；有代表性的 12.adj. 明显的；明白的 13.n. 新生；复兴；复活 14.vt. 采用；采纳；收养 15.adj. 人道主义的 16.vt. 拥有；具有；支配 17.n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 18.adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 19.n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 20.n. 技术；方法；技能 21.n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 22.巧合地 23.n. 杰作；名著 24.n. 印象主义；印象派 25.adj. 印象派的 n.印象派艺术家 26.adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 27.大量28.n. 阴影；影子 29.adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 30.adj. 争论的；争议的 31.n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 32.（可是）另一方面 33.vt. 预言；预告；预测 34.n. 风景；景色 35.adj. 确切的；特定的 36.n. 画像；身材；数字 37.n. 黏土 38.n. 评论家；批评者 39.n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 40.n. 大理石 41.vt. 雕刻；刻记 42.adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 43.n. 帆布；画布 44.n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 45.adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 46.adv. 有效地 47.n. 展览；陈列；展览会 48.adj.敢做敢为的;侵略的；好斗的 49.n. 学者 50.n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 51.活着的；本人 52.n. 几何学 53.n. 束；串 54.n. 林荫道；道路；大街 55.n. 喜爱；偏爱
高中英语选修六Unit2 poems单元知识点
Unit2 poems 1.convey vt. 1)输送, 搬运, 运输（from …to …）传达, 表达(感情,意见, 思想)表明,说明( convey + clause) convey sth. to sb. 向某人传达/运送某物 convey sth./sb. to some place. 把某物/人送到某地 convey one’s feelings/thanks to sb. 向某人表达某种感情/谢意 The train conveys both goods and passengers. I found it hard to convey my feelings in words . He tried to convey how urgent the situation was. 易混辨析 convey/transfer/transport convey 指将物/人从一地运送到另一地，或指语言，信息等的传递。 transport 基本含义是运送。但该词通常局限于用交通工具运送货物和人 transfer 主要指工作地点的变换、住所及物体的转移，还可以指旅途中交通工具的变换，如转车、转船等。也可指把财产转让给他人。 2.concrete adj.具体的n.混凝土；凝结物 . e.g. You need to offer concrete evidences to support your idea. It is easier to think in concrete terms rather than in the abstract Concrete is very strong and is used in many modern buildings. 3.contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；好反驳的vt. Contradict n. contradiction The evidence seems contradictory to our findings. His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle. All evening his husband contradicted everything she said. 4.flexible : adj.灵活的；可弯曲的adv: flexibly n: flexibility e.g. (1) The government needs a more flexible approach to education. (2) We can be flexible about your starting date. (3) Computers offer a much greater degree of flexibility in the way work is organized 5.pattern n.模式，方式，形式 The illness doesn’t seem to follow its usual pattern. 2）n.图案 She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it.
选修六unit5知识点。
U5(选修六) 1 volcano n. 复数—volcanoes火山 an active volcano活火山 an extinct volcano死火山 a dormant volcano休眠火山 volcanology火山学 volcanologist火山学家 pianist钢琴家 physicist物理学家 Novelist小说家 2. erupt 1)（火山）爆发，喷发 Mount Vesuvius hasn’t erupted for a good many years. 维苏威火山已经多年没有爆发了。 2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发 Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason. 街头暴力可以在没有明显原因的情况下爆发。 erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭 He erupted into laughter without any reason. 他毫无理由地大笑起来。 3. alongside alongside= with “和” It’s a pleasure to work alongside such men. 与这样的人一起工作是一件乐事。 beside “在...旁边” The boat pulled up alongside the dock. adv. 在旁边;沿着;靠拢着;并排地 The police car pulled up alongside.那辆警车在旁边停下 4 equipment n.配备,装备 The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year. 把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。 equip v.装备,使有准备使能够做某事 Equip ourselves with knowledge Equip the army with modern weapons 5. bored (人)厌烦的 boring （物）令人厌烦的 I am bored with the same old routine day after day. The book is boring. bore v. (尤指无聊的长话)使(人)厌烦
人教版高中英语选修6各单元课文原文
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
人教版选修六unit5语言知识点精讲
Unit 5 The power of nature 1.★考点appoint vt.任命;委派 appoint sb.as/to be 任命某人担任…… appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事 make/fix an appointment 约会,预约 2.★考点burn to the ground 把……烧光;全部焚毁burn to the ground 把……烧光;全部焚毁 burn...to death 烧死…… burn down 烧毁,烧光 get burnt 被烧伤;遭殃 3.★考点be about to do...when... 正要做……,这时……be about to do...when... 正要做……,这时…… be doing...when... 正在做……就在这时…… had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要做某事这时… 4.★考点make one’s way to/towards 前往;向……走去make one’s way 前往;向……走去;成功,有所成就
give way for 让路;让位于 feel one’s way 摸索着前行 on one’s/the way 在去……的路上 lose one’s way迷路 5.★考点shoot v.(shot,shot)射击,射中 辨析shoot/shoot at 6.★考点anxious adj.忧虑的;不安的 anxiety n.焦虑 anxiously adv.焦急地 be anxious to do 渴望做…… be anxious for/about 为……担心/担忧 7.★考点panic vt.& vi.恐慌;惊慌 温馨提示 panic 的过去式、过去分词均为panicked,动词-ing形式为panicking。be/feel panic over/about 因……而恐慌
选修六unit1知识点
必修六Unit 1 语言知识点一 编号: 28 编写人: 范培亮审核人:赵贵波 班级:_____ 姓名:________ 使用日期:______ 1. Would you rather have Chinese or Western-style paintings in your home? (1) would rather (not) do宁愿（不）做某事 (2) would rather do … than do宁愿…而不愿…; 宁可…也不… (=would do… rather than do) Eg. I ______ ________ _______ tell him the truth. 我宁愿不跟他讲实话。 She _______ _______ die ________ beg in the street.他宁死也不愿在街头乞讨。 (3) would rather + 从句宁愿某人做某事 从句中谓语用一般过去时，表现在或将来；从句中谓语用过去完成时，表过去的动作. I’d rather you _______ here tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。 He would rather we ________ ________ with him. 他宁愿我们没跟他一块去。 拓展：prefer to do … rather than do宁愿做…也不做 He _______ ________ earn a living by selling newspapers _______ depend on his parents. 他宁可靠卖报谋生，也不依靠父母。 辨析：prefer … to 与would rather … than 二者都表示“宁愿…而不愿…”前者后接名词、代词或动名词，而后者用动词原形。 Eg. He prefers ________ on foot to _________ a bus.他宁可步行去，也不坐牢。 He would rather ________ on foot than ________ a bus. 他宁可步行去，也不坐牢。 2. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century . consequently 意为“所以，因而”是副词，作修饰句子的状语，相当于therefore, as a result. Eg. Today it is Sunday. ___________ , I stay at home. 今天是星期天，因此我在家。 He had been ill for a long time. ___________(结果)，he failed in the exam. 3. During The Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. (1) 用图画、雕像等表示，描绘 Eg. This picture ___________ that battle. 这幅图画描绘了那场战役。 (2) 代表（某人、某团体） She _________ her colleagues at the union meeting. 她在工会会议上代表她的同事。 (3) 象征，表示The red lines on the map represent railways. 地图上的红线代表铁路。 拓展：representation n. 代表，描绘，象征representational adj. 代表的 representative adj. 典型的，代表性的；n. 代表，代理人 4. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and ..as they really were. as they were 照原来的样子。as sb./ sth. is/ was照现在/原来的样子 as sb./sth. do/be还可意为“按照…的样子”。as 引方式状语从句，相当于in the way in which. Eg. 我已经按照你建议的修改了我的计划。 ______________________________________________________________________. 5. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like …… evident adj. 明显的，明白的evidently adv. 明显地evidence n. 证据；证明 It is evident that…很显然…… It is evident to everybody that she loves music. 他爱好音乐，这是有目共睹的事实。 6. … their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. 1) as well as 既…又…; 不但…而且…; 也,又 He speaks Spanish _______ ______ ______ English and French. 他不仅会讲英语和法语，也会讲西班牙语。 提示：(1) as well as 强调前面的部分。 (2) as well as 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数以as well as 前面主语的单复数为依 据。另外，with, together with, except, apart from 等也是如此。 Eg : His children as well as his wife ________ invited to the party. 2) 与……同样好，不比……差 Eg: She cooks as well as her mother does. He plays football as well as, if not better than his brother. 他踢足球如果说不比他哥哥踢得更好，至少是和他哥哥一样好。 拓展：as well “也”，置于句末，相当于too或also. Eg : He is a scientist, and a poet _______ ________.他是位科学家，也是位诗人。 7. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. convince vt. 使（某人）确信；说服，使信服convinced adj. 确信的，坚信的
人教版英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-知识点及语法归纳
核心单词 1.desire n. 渴望vt. 想要 常用结构：desire sth. 渴望得到某物 desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事 desire that sb. (should) do 要求…… have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事 at one’s desire 照某人的希望 We all desire happiness and health.我们都希望幸福健康。 Everyone has a desire for success, but not everyone desires to get rich. 每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。 He desires you to go to see him at once. =He desires that you should go to see him at once. 他要求你马上去见他。 翻译句子（原创） ①他想接受大学教育。 ②他们要我快点回来。 ③我请他立即回信。 ④她要你立即见她。 ⑤她应邀演奏了一曲。 解析：①He desired a college education. ②They desire me to return soon. ③I desire an immediate answer of his. ④She desires that you (should) see her at once. ⑤She played a piece at others’desire/by desire. 2.alarm n.警报vt.使……惊恐 We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. 森林失火使我们大为惊慌。 常用结构：give /raise the alarm 发警报 ring the alarm 敲警钟 sound the alarm 发警报; 吹警报号 take (the) alarm at 对……感到吃惊; 因……而惊恐 be alarmed at ... 被……吓一跳 As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm. 一看见烟雾，他就鸣响了警报。 翻译句子 ①看到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息，家长们很害怕。 ②看到大火，社区的居民发出警报。 答案：①The parents took (the) alarm at the news that their children caught a traffic accident when returning the school. ②The residents in the community raised the alarm when seeing the great fire. 3.accompany vt. 陪伴 常用结构：accompany sb. to a place 陪伴某人去某地 accompany sth. with/by sth. 与……同时存在 He accompanied his old father to the hospital to see what’s wrong with his stomach. 他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。
人教版《英语选修6》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书)
人教版《英语选修6》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书) 单元词汇、音标、词义。Unit 1 realistic/ri?'listik/ a.现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 abstract/'?bstr?kt/ a.抽象的；深奥的n.摘要 sculpture/'sk?lpt??/n.雕塑 sculptor/'sk?lpt?/n.雕刻家；雕塑家 gallery/'g?l?ri/n.美术陈列室；画廊 faith/feiθ/n.信任；信心；信念 faithfully/'feiθfuli/ad.忠实地 consequently/'k?nsikw?ntli/ad.所以；因而 aim/eim/n.目标；目的vi.vi.瞄准；(向某方向)努力 conventional/k?n'ven??nl/ a.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 typical/'tipik?l/ a.典型的；有代表性的 evident/'evid?nt/ a.明显的；明白的 Giotto di Bondone乔托 renaissance/r?'neis?ns/n.新生；复兴；复活 the Renaissance文艺复兴(时期) adopt/?'d?pt/vt.采用；采纳；收养 humanistic/hju:m?'nistik/ a.人道主义的 possess/'p?'zes/vt.拥有；具有；支配 possession/p?'ze??n/n.所有；财产 superb/sju:'p?:b/ a.卓越的；杰出的；极好的 perspective/p?:'spektiv/n.透视画法；透视图；观点 technique/tek'ni:k/n.技术；方法；技能 Masaccio/mɑ:'zɑ:tt?ou/马萨乔 coincidence/'k?uin'sid?ns/n.巧合(的事)；相合 by coincidence巧合地 masterpiece/'mɑ:st?pi:s/n.杰作；名著 impressionism/im'pr???n'iz?m/n.印象主义；印象派 impressionist/im'pre??nist/ a.印象派的n.印象派艺术家 post-impressionist a.后印象派的n.后印象派艺术家 a great deal n.大量 shadow/'??d?u/n.阴影；影子 ridiculous/ri'dikjul?s/ a.荒谬的；可笑的 controversial/'k?ntr?'v?:??l/ a.争论的；争议的 attempt/?'tempt/n.努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图 on the other hand adv.(可是)另一方面
选修六unit3知识点。
U3(选修六) 1.abuse n. ○1滥用,妄用；虐待，辱骂○2弊病，陋习 vt. 滥用,妄用,虐待 e.g. He abused his power while in office.他在职时滥用权力。 Those captives were physically abused.那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残 drug abuse 滥用毒品 child abuse 虐待儿童 abuse one’s position / power滥用职权/权利 abuse a privilege滥用特权 2. stress 1）n.○1压力; 重音,重读 be under (the) stress (of) 在压力下 suffer from stress遭受压力 The stresses and strains of modern life现代生活的压力和紧张. ○2强调, 重要性 e.g. Some school lay / put /place stress on foreign language education. 2）vt. 加压力于; 重读; 强调 e.g. He stressed the importance of the task. 3.ban 1）n.禁令,禁止 a ban on sth 2）vt.禁止, 取缔 ban sb. from (doing) sth. 颁布禁令 Put/impose a ban 颁发/解除禁令 lift a ban确立禁令 e.g. Our government has put/ imposed a ban on plastic bags. 4. due to 归因于, 归功于 e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving. 那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。be due to do sth定于某时做某事 e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow（可以被caused by 所代替） The train is due in five minutes.(预定的，预期的） My rent isn’t due till Wednesday.（到期的，立即支付的） In due course 在适当的时候 after due consideration经适当考虑之后
选修六unit1知识点。
选修六u n i t1知识点。-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
1)Adj.深奥的，抽象的 Astronomy is an abstract subject. 天文学是一门深奥的学科。 Beauty is abstract but a house is not .美是抽象的，房子是具体的。 2）V. 错误!“提炼”“抽取” Rubber is abstracted from trees.橡胶是从树木提取的。 Salt can be abstracted from sea water.盐是从海水中提取出来的。 ②“概括，写摘要” He is abstracting a story for a book review.他在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。3）n.摘要 an abstract of a lecture一个演讲的摘要 rather do sth 情愿做…. would rather sb did sth 情愿sb做… I would rather stay at home today. 我今天宁愿待在家里。 I would rather you came here tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。 情愿做….而不愿意做…： would rather do sth than do sth = would do sth rather than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth I would rather go with you than stay here. I would go with you rather than stay here. I prefer to go with you rather than stay here. I prefer going with you to staying here. n. 信任,信仰 break one's faith with sb. 对某人不守信用 keep faith with 忠于信仰; 守信 I kept faith with him.我信守了对他的诺言。 He who loses faith, loses all.失去信心的人, 失去所有。 have faith in 相信, 信任 in good faith 老实地；诚恳地 faithful adj. 忠诚的，可靠的
人教版英语选修六课文原文.doc
Unit 1A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worke in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exsist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object,