2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--定语从句(含答案)
第一讲定语从句
一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：
1.. We have learned much from the voluntary activity, who offers us an opportunity to contribute to society.
【答案】(非限制性定语从句）who改为which
【解析】句意：从志愿者活动中我们学到了很多，这也给我们提供了一个给社会做贡献的机会。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为the voluntary activity,表示活动，故用which。
2. I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, that has been appreciated by both teachers and classmates.
【答案】(非限制性定语从句）that改为which
【解析】句意：在我的许多课堂活动中，我多次给予她帮助，这已经得到了老师和同学们的认可。分析句子结构可知，that has...classmates是非限制性定语从句，根据语境可知，应用which引导。
3. On the other hand, I can see the singers' stories, who are so inspiring.
【答案】(非限制性定语从句）who改为which
【解析】句意：另一方面，我能看到歌手们的故事，这些故事很鼓舞人心。分析句子结构可知，第二个逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行stories 指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which。
4. My father, a scientist, works to save rare birds, some of that are really clever and can even say some words.
【答案】(非限制性定语从句）that改为which
【解析】句意：我的父亲是一位科学家，他从事拯救稀有鸟类的工作，有些鸟真的很聪明，甚至可以说一些单词。分析句子结构可知，some of that are really...words是非限制性定语从句，指代先行词birds的关系词在从句中作of 的宾语，故用which。
5. It's my sincere hope that you can spare some time for a visit to Tianjin again, where has changed a lot since 2015. 【答案】(非限制性定语从句）where改为which
【解析】句意：我真诚地希望你可以抽出时间再次参观天津，它自2015年来发生了非常大的变化。分析句子结构可知，where has change a lot since 2015是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Tianjin,指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。
6. According to my own experience, I want to say a few words to those who have the same trouble like I did.
【答案】(限制性定语从句）like改为as
【解析】句意：根据我自己的经验，我想对那些和我有同样麻烦的人说几句话。"the same...as..."意思是“同……是一样……”，此处as是关系代词，与the same搭配，引导定语从句。
7. It is known to us, drunk driving is terrible behavior which possibly threatens the safety of people, including the drivers themselves.
【答案】(非限制性定语从句）It改为As
【解析】句意：众所周知，酒后驾驶是一种可怕的行为，它可能会威胁到人们的安全，包括司机自己。分析句子结构可知，前后两个句子间无连接词，It is known to us应是非限制性定语从句，表示众所周知，应用as is known to us/as we all know
8. What's more, I've made many friends, that share the same interest with me.
【答案】(非限制性定语从句）that改为who
【解析】分析句子可知，that share the same interest with me是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who。
9.Those which have computers in my class are spending too much time on computer games.
【答案】( (限制性定语从句）which改为who
【解析】分析句子可知，which have computers in my class为定语从句，先行词those指人而非事物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故把which改为who。
10. And for any of you are seriously considering becoming volunteers, there are application forms on the table in front of the stage.
【答案】( (限制性定语从句）you后加who
【解析】分析句子可知，are seriously considering becoming volunteers是缺少主语的定语从句，先行词you 指人，故在you后加who。
11. Unfortunately, they had a troublesome neighbor, that was rather noisy at night, making it hard for them to fall asleep.
【答案】( (非限制性定语从句）that改为who
【解析】分析句子可知，that was rather noisy at night是非限制性定语从句，先行词neighbor指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故把that改为who
12. I'm so grateful to all these people, with whom help I have been accustomed to the local culture and gained a lot of knowledge.
【答案】( (非限制性定语从句）whom改为whose
【解析】先行词people与定语从句中的名词help之间是所属关系，故把whom改为whose。
13 . There are many problems when I am abroad alone , especially when I am in the Czech Republic, its official
language is not English.
【答案】( (非限制性定语从句）its改为whose
【解析】句中Czech Republic后面是逗号，不是并列句，故Czech Republic应是先行词，第二个逗号后应为非限制性定语从句，故把its改为whose,作定语修饰language。
14. The museum, which main task is to spread the knowledge of science and technology, covers an area of 48,000 square meters.
【答案】( (非限制性定语从句）which改为whose
【解析】句意：那个以传播科技知识为主要任务的博物馆占地48000平方米。分析句子可知，which main task is to spread the knowledge of science and technology是非限制性定语从句，先行词The museum与main task是所属关系，故把which改为whose。
二、
在空白处填入1个适当的单词：
1.Written Chinese has also become an important means by ___________________ China's pres connected with its past.
【答案】which
【解析】句意：书面汉语也成为将中国的现在与过去联系起来的重要手段。定语从句修饰先行词means,关系词在从句中作介词by的宾语，此处是“介词+关系代词which"引导的定语从句。
2.They're related to China's high-tech innavation,___________________ has improved the quality of people's lives, according to a survey made by the Belt and Road Research Instit Beijing Foreign Studies University.
【答案】.which
【解析】句意：根据北京外国语大学”一带一路“研究院的一项调查，它们与中国的高科技创新有关，高科技创新提高了人们的生活质量。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词high-tech innovation,关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。
3.To Chinese people, seals are the art of deep cultural roots, ___________________ combine the essence of both calligraphy(书法）and sculpture and inspire generations to study,to appreciate and to collect.
【答案】which
【解析】句意：对中国人来说，印章是一种有着深厚文化底蕴的艺术，它融合了书法和雕塑的精髓，激励着一代又一代的人去学习、去欣赏、去收藏。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词seals指物，故填which。
4.In fact, IELTS is the only English language test ___________________ is accepted by countries that require immigrants.
【答案】that
【解析】句意：事实上，雅思是需要移民的国家唯一接受的英语语言测试。空处引导定语从句，先行词English language test 被the only 修饰，关系代词用that
5.They head for the center of the storm,___________________ there is no wind ,and also search for the strongest winds , to help people on the coast be prepared for what's coming .
【答案】where
【解析】句意：他们前往没有风的风暴中心，也寻找最强的风，帮助沿海地区的人们为即将到来的风暴做好准备。空处所在句修饰center,为定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，填关系副词where。
6.The city has special facilities for cyclists, ___________________ can be used for free.
【答案】.which
【解析】句意：这个城市有专门为骑自行车的人提供的设施，可以免费使用。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为special facilities,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句。注意先行词并非cyclists。
7..Oxford University Museum of Natural History is a nesting site for about 60 pairs of swifts,___________________ have been the subject of a study since 1948 , making it one of the longest continuous studies of a single bird species in the world.
【答案】.which
【解析】句意：牛津大学自然历史博物馆是约60对雨燕的筑巢地，自1948年以来，雨燕一直是一项研究的主题，使这项研究成为世界上对单一鸟类进行的持续时间最长的研究之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为swifts,指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。
8.At the center of the square, the summertime fountain has turned to the ice,___________________ young children were playing.
【答案】.where
【解析】句意：广场中央，夏日喷泉变成了溜冰场，小孩子们在那里玩耍。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ice(溜冰场）,指地点，从句中缺状语，用where。
9.There was a smell of printing ink and leather in the room___________________ told me that it was full of books.
【答案】.which/that
【解析】句意：房间里面有一股油墨和皮革的味道，这说明这里满是书。空处引导定语从句，修饰smell,关系代词在从句中作主语，故用which/that。
10.So far, the school has invited an expert in Chinese characters to the campus,___________________ major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology .
【答案】.whose
【解析】句意：到目前为止，学校已经邀请了一位汉字方面的专家来学校，他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an句中作定语，故用whose。其到乡村环境，他们的症状会改善。
11.Despite this,the term was not known to the academic world until the 20th century___________________ explorer Sven Hedin wrote a book titled " The Silk Road" in 1938.
【答案】when
【解析】句意：尽管如此，这个术语直到20世纪才为学术界所知，当时探险家斯文·赫定在1938年写了一本名为《丝绸之路》的书。定语从句修饰先行词the 20th century,先行词表示时间，关系词在从句中起状语的作用，故用关系副词when。
三短文改错
Dear Sir ,
I'm a middle school student. I am willing be a volunteer to help others. Although I am busy, I still wanted to visit Old People's Home as a volunteer . Apart from do some cleaning for the old people , giving some performances with my friends are another thing I can do . I believe I'll be the person who can get on good with the old there.
Besides ,I am ready to give a hand to sick children in hospital.
I love children but I'll devote myself to taking good care of him. In a word , I would like to help those people whom need help .
Please get on touch with me by phone or by the mail.
Warm-hearted,
Jim
【答案】
第一处：在willing后加to be willing to...为固定短语，意为“乐意……”
第二处：wanted→want整篇文章时态是一般现在时，且本句描述的动作还未发生，因此用一般现在时。
第三处：do→doing 介词from后要跟动名词形式，故将do改为doing。第四处：are→is本句主语为动名词短语giving some performances,谓语动词应用单数形式，故将are改为is。
第五处：good→well 此处用于修饰动词短语get on with,因此应用副词形式；get on well with意为“与……相处得好”。
第六处：but→and/so根据句意可知，“我喜欢孩子”与“我会好好照顾他们”之间为并列关系，因此应用并列连词and连接，也可用表因果关系的so
第七处：him→them of后的代词指代上文的children,应该用复数形式，故将him改为them。
第八处：whom→who/that who/that need help为定语从句，先行词为people,引导词在从句中作主语，故用who 或that引导该从句。
第九处：on→in get in touch with...为固定搭配，意为“与……取得联系”。故将on改为in。
第十处：删除the by接表方式的名词时，表示“通过；借助”，这时名词前用零冠词。
定语从句高考真题及答案
定语从句十年高考真题汇编 1.【2012全国卷II】⒏ That evening, ______I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.【2012安徽】29. A lot of language learning, ______has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. this 3.【2012重庆】29. Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where 4.【2012北京】26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 5.【2012福建】23. The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what 6.【2012陕西】14. It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what 7.【2012山东】23. Maria has written two novels, both of ___ have been made into television series. A. them B. that C. which D. what 8.【2012湖南】34. Care of the soul is a gradual process ____ even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which 9.【2012天津】7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 10.【2012江西】28. By 16:30, ____ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. A. which B. when C. what D. that 11.【2012四川】13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses. A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them 12.【2012浙江】9. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which 13.【2012浙江】17. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. A. which B. who C. where D. whom 14.【2012江苏】22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. A. which B. who C. where D. what 15.【2011全国卷I】The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 16. 【2011全国卷II】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which 17.【2011北京卷】Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _____, of course, make all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that 18.【2011上海卷】You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station _____ you can hire to reach your host family. A. which B. where C. when D. as 19.【2011山东卷】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that 20.【2011江西卷】She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years. A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which 21.【2011江苏卷】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _____ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which 22.【2011安徽卷】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while 23. 【2011浙江卷】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _____ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 24. 【2011浙江卷】A bank is the place _____ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when
从句归纳区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句
从句小结 从句总述： 从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。 由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。 1.主语从句（Subject Clause）：用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。 2.表语从句（Predicative Clause）：用作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。 3.宾语从句（Object Clause）：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句. 4. 同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。其关联词多为that。 状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等。 宾语从句 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：时态、语序、连接词。 一：时态和语序 1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。 语序：宾语从句只能用陈述句语序，坚决不能用疑问句语序。 二：连接词 ①从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that，if，whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. 例句： He told that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他下一年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. ②连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. 例句： Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗 ③连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. 例句： He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
定语从句改错及答案
定语从句该错每句只有一处错 1.The man which talked to you just now is an engineer. 2.I still remember the days which we studied together. 3.in fact the Swede did not understand the three questions in which were asked in French. 4.To get the job started, all what I need is your permission. 5.I can still remember the sitting-room that my mother and I used to sit in the evening. 6. A child his parents are dead is called an orphan. 7.Finally, the thief handed everything which he had stolen to the police. 8.His parents wouldn’t let him marr y the girl her family was poor. 9.All the thing is needed is a supply of oil. 10.He paid the boy 10 yuan for washing ten windows, most of these hadn’t been cleaned for a year. 11.She heard a terrible noise, that brought her heart into her mouth. 12.Alice received an invitation from her boss, it came as a surprise. 13.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person whom she could turn for help. 14.The weather turned out to be fine, that was more than we could expect. 15.After living in Paris for 50 years, he returned to the small town in that he grew up as a child. 16.In 1939 Alfred Butts happened to meet a man called Jim Brunot which showed an interest in the new game. 17.This is not a particular year on which people cannot get married. 18.Ella Fant was a middle-aged lady that she lived with her son in a small house. 19.It was a meeting where the German Commander Lutjens didn’t want to attend. 20.One pioneer, in particular, that disagrees with the idea is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. 21.The schools admitted not all children would succeed in the profession at which they got trained. 22.The WTO cannot live up to its name if it does not include a country where is home to one fifth of mankind. 23.A computer can only do the work what you have instructed it to do. 24.Let’s go to the bookstore which we can get the magazine we need. 25.Is this school where your brother graduated from? 26.China has hundreds of islands, the largest one is Taiwan. 27.As they met each other, they talked about the labs and teachers who they thought of in the school.
2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句(解析版)
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