2012年1月全国自考英语二白皮书题库(一)

2012年1月全国自考英语二白皮书题库(一)

一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. The computer

the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence.

A. pulls off

B. pulls up

C. pulls aside

D. pulls down

答案：D

2. The brain needs a

supply of blood

A. continued

B. continuing

C. continuous

D. continual

答案：C

3. A minorparty or independent candidate can draw votes away from the majorparty

almost no chance of defeating them.

nominees but

A. gets

B.

have

C. stands

D. rises

答案：C

4. If you are not definitely accepted or

on the spot, ask:“When may I expect to hear the results of this interview?”

A. turned out

B. turned on

C. turned down

D. turned away

答案：C

5. In some binary systems, astronomers have shown that there is an invisible

star, a “partner” to the one which we can see in the sky.

A. company

B.

companion C.

mate

D. friend

答案：B

6. The voters were

largely by a desire for change.

A. motioned

B. motored

C. motivated

D. motived

答案：C

7. Daydreaming, science has discovered, is an

relaxation technique.

A. effective

B. affective

C. efficient

D. affectionate

答案：A

8. When it

to the latest researches into heart disease, I haven’t the slightest idea.

A. talks

B. speaks

C. tells

D. comes

答案：D

9. Easy and convenient

to facts can produce unlimited good.

A. excess

B. access

C. assess

D. essence

答案：B

10. The specific use of leisure from individual to individual.

A. varies

B. attaches

C. distinguishes

D. withdraws

答案：A

解析：A vary from…to 在…变化。

二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. In the American family the husband and usually share important decision making. When the children are old enough, they take part 1 . Foreigners are ofen surprised by the permissiveness(宽容) of American parents. The old rule“children should be seen and not heard”is rarely 2 ,and children are often allowed to do what they wish without strict parental 3 . The father seldom expects his children to obey him 4 question, and children are encouraged to be independent 5 an early age. Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom6far.Others think that a strong father image would not7

The American values of equality and independence. Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to_8 their parental families by the time they have_9 their late teens or early twenties. _10 ,not to do so is often regarded as a failure, a kind of weak dependence.

(1).

(A). either

(B). though

(C). as well

(D). also

答案：C

(2).

(A). discussed

(B). followed

(C). seen

(D). heard

答案：B

(3).

(A). control

(B). support

(C). agreement

(D). criticism

答案：A

(4).

(A). for

(B). on

(C). without

(D). in

答案：C

(5).

(A). in

(B). at

(C). on

(D). for

答案：B

(6).

(A). too

(B). almost

(C). nearly

(D). quite

答案：A

(7).

(A). fit

(B). meet

(C). suit

(D). satisfy

答案：C

(8).

(A). break up

(B). break into

(C). break through

(D). break away from

答案：D

(9).

(A). reached

(B). come

(C). arrived

(D). developed

答案：A

(10).

(A). In truth

(B). In name

(C). In summary

(D). In a word

答案：C

三、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it

is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities, others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between “flight or fight”and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death.The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress is, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we can’t remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways

to deal with it.

(1). People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because

.

(A). they regard working as their greatest enjoyment

(B). they believe that work is superior to relaxation

(C). they are traveling fast all the time

(D). they are becoming busier with their work than even before

答案：D

(2). According to the author,the most important character for a good manager is his

.

(A). unyielding will to hold out stress

(B). knowing the art of relaxation (C).

high sense of responsibility

(D). having control over performance

答案：A

(3). Which of the following statements is TRUE,according to the passage?

(A). We can find quite a few ways to avoid stress.

(B). Stress is always harmful to people’s health.

(C). It’s easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.

(D). Different people can bear different amount of stress. 答

案：D

(4). In the last sentence of the passage,“do so”refers to .

(A). “expose ourselves to stress”

(B). “find ways to deal with stress”

(C). “remove stress from our lives”

(D). “establish links between diseases and stress”

答案：C

(5). According to the author, the right attitude toward stress is .

(A). to avoid it

(B). to regard it as a vital motivation

(C). to try to cope with it

(D). to find some relaxation

答案：C

2.

Scientists have established that influenza viruses taken from man can cause the disease in animals. In addition, man can catch the disease from animals. In fact, a great number of wild birds seem to carry the virus without showing any evidence of illness. Some scientists conclude that a large family of influenza viruses may have evolved in the bird kingdom, a group that has been on the earth 100 million years and is able to carry the virus without contracting the disease. These are even convincing evidence to show that virus strains are transmitted from place to place and from continent to continent by migrating birds.

It is known that two influenza viruses can recombine when both are present in an animal at the same time. The result of such recombinations is a great variety of strains constraining different H and N spikes. This raises the possibility that a human influenza virus can recombine with an influenza virus form a lower animal to produce an entirely new spike.

Research is underway to determine if that is the way that major new strains come into being. Another possibility is that two animal influenza strains may recombine in a pig, for example, to produce a new strain which is transmitted to man.

(1). 26. According to the passage, scientists have discovered that influenza viruses .

(A). cause ill health in wild birds

(B). do not always cause symptoms in birds

(C). are rarely present in wild birds

(D). change when transferred from animals to man

答案：B

(2). What is known about the influenza virus?

(A). It was first found in a group of very old birds.

(B). All the different strains can be found in wild birds.

(C). It existed over 100 million years ago.

(D). It can survive in many different places.

答案：D

(3). According to the passage, a great variety of influenza strains can appear when .

(A). H and N spikes are produced

(B). animal and bird viruses are combined

(C). dissimilar types virus recombine

(D). two viruses of the same type are contracted

答案：C

(4). New strains of viruses are transmitted to man by .

(A). a type of pig

(B). diseased lower animals

(C). a group of migrating birds

(D). a variety of means

答案：D

(5). It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following are ways of producing new strains of influenza viruses EXCEPT .

(A). two influenza viruses in the same animal recombining

(B). animal viruses recombining with human viruses

(C). two animal viruses recombining in one animal

(D). two animal viruses recombining in a human

答案：D

3. Your passport is your official identification as an American citizen. In America, most people never consider obtaining a passport unless they are planning a trip out of the country. In Europe, where travel from one country to another is much more common, almost everyone carries a passport. A passport is final proof of identity in almost every country in the world.

In 1979 almost 15 million Americans held passports. Most of these passports were obtained to travel outside the country because, except for a few Western nations, passports are required to enter every country. And if you travel abroad, you must

have a valid passport to reenter the country.

When traveling abroad, you will need a passport for identification when exchanging

dollars for francs or marks or other foreign currency. You may also need your passport

to use a credit card, buy an airplane ticket or check into a hotel. As a passport is

an official U.S. document, it is valuable as identification in any

emergency cases, such as floods, fires, or war.

Don’t confuse passports and visas. Whereas a passport is issued by a country to its citizens, a visa is official permission to visit a country granted by the government of that country. For some years, many countries were dropping their visa requirements, but that trend has reversed. Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela now require visas from U.S. citizens. They may be obtained from the embassy of the country you wish to visit. Passport applications are available at passport agency offices in large cities like Boston, New York, or Chicago. In smaller cities, applications are available at post offices and at federal courts. To get your first passport, you must submit the application in person, along with a birth certificate and two pictures.

(1). The main purpose of this passage is to .

(A). discuss traveling in other countries

(B). distinguish between passports and visas

(C). discuss the financial uses of a passport

(D). provide information about passports

答案：D

(2). Passports are beneficial for .

(A). exchanging currency

(B). using a credit card

(C). checking into hotels

(D). all of the above

答案：D

(3). We can conclude from the passage that .

(A). passports are more important than visas

(B). visas and passports are the same thing

(C). foreign governments issue visas instead of passports

(D). visas are required to obtain passports

答案：A

(4). The passage suggests that .

(A). most people don’t realize how important passports are

(B). passports aren’t important once you are in the country you’ve chosen

to visit

(C). passports are simple to obtain through the mail

(D). passports are obtained at the embassy once you enter a country

答案：A

(5). As used in this passage, the word “valid” in the second paragraph means

.

(A). foreign

(B). legal

(C). monetary

(D). illegal

答案：B

四、Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two items) 将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

1. 天文学家n. a

答案： astronomer

2. 全国性的 a. n

答案： nationwide

3. 代表；代表人n. r

答案：representative

4. 分析v. a

答案：analyze

5. 详情；细节n. d

答案：detail

6. 影响；打动v. a

答案：affect

7. 日常工作；常规n. r

答案： routine

8. 小叶；传单n. l

答案：leaflet

9. 郡；县n. c

答案：county

10. 永恒的；不断的 a. c

答案：constant

11. 面对；遭遇v. c

答案： confront

12. 遭遇；偶遇v. e

答案：encounter

13. 有缺点的；有缺陷的 a. d

答案：defective

14. 参与者n. p

答案：participant

15. 目的地；终点n. d

答案：destination

16. 宇宙的；普遍的 a. u

答案：universal

17. 削弱v.w

答案：weaken

18. 照相机n. c

答案：camera

19. 供应n. s

答案：supply

20. 框架n. f

答案：frame

五、Word Form(10 points,1 point for each item) 将括号中的各

词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

1. Apartheid means (stand) for hours in a busqueue, because there are too few

buses specially set aside for black people.

答案： standing

2. Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends

(involve) in vital research.

答案： involved

3. In the US,one experiment in nerve regeneration involves

(cut) a big nerve in a rat’s leg, leaving its leg paralysed.

答案：cutting

4. The most

(convince) evidence of black holes comes from research into binary star systems.

答案：convincing

5. Every person is equal

(be) the president or a street cleaner.

答案：be

6. Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that

they ( consider) possible future events.

答案： consider

7. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy

(swallow) up stars at a very rapid rate.

答案：swallowing

8. The (expand) of the factory made room for more equipment. 答

案：expansion

9. It is essential that everything (be) decided in advance.

答案：(should) be

10. It is essential that all the facts (examine) first.

答案：(should) be examined.

It is essential/necessary/important that…等的主语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即

should＋动词原形。

六、Translation from Chinese into English(15 points,3 points for each item)

1. 有时，决策的疏漏不会造成严重的后果，但有时后果却不堪设想。

答案：Sometimes the consequences of a poor decision are slight; at other times they are serious.

2. 一个社会的人口增长率越接近零，它的人口就可能越老龄。

答案：The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth, the older its

population is likely to be.

3. 当今美国发展最快的行业可能是对已受过高等学校教育的成人的职业继续教育。

答案：The fastest growing industry in America today may be the continuing

professional education of highly schooled adults.

4. 科学家对引起地震的物理过程还只是一知半解。

答案：Scientists have only a partial understanding of the physical processes that

cause earthquakes.

5. 我父亲开始喜欢周末打高尔夫球了。

答案：My father has taken to playing golf at the weekends.

七、Translation from English into Chinese(15 points) 将

下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

1. If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time,it must be active. You

can’t let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an

understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say,“Gone with the wind”,doesn’t require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost.

But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions,demands the most active reading of which you are capable. 答案：如果阅读不仅仅是为了消磨时光而是为了有所收获，那么它一定是一种积极的行为。仅让眼睛在书上扫一遍是不可能让你理解所读的内容的。一本普通的消遣小说，譬如说《飘》，并不需要那种最积极的阅读。作为消遣的书可以很轻松地读而不会有什么损失。但是，一本充满思想

、文字优美的巨著，一本提出重大根本性问题并试图加以解释的书，则要求你尽最大努力地进行最积极的阅读。