英语语法介词归纳总结

英语语法介词归纳总结
英语语法介词归纳总结

英语语法介词归纳总结

一、单项选择介词

1.Maybe some of you are curious about what my life was like on the streets because I’ve never really talked about it ______.

A.in place B.in turn C.in force D.in depth

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:也许你们中的一些人对我在街上的生活是什么样子很好奇,因为我从未真正深入地谈论过它。A. in place就位,适当的;B. in turn反过来,轮流地;C. in force有效地;D. in depth深入地,全面地。根据语境“一些人对我在街上的生活很好奇”,是因为我没有“深入(in depth)”谈论过,故选D。

2.In salute to our national flag, every citizen must stand while focusing their eyes on the rising flag.

A.at ease B.at random C.at attention D.at hand

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:向国旗致敬时,每位公民必须立正,眼睛注视着升起的国旗。

A. at ease安逸;

B. at random随便地;

C. at attention全神贯注;

D. at hand在手边。stand at attention“立正”符合句意。故选C项

3.As is known to all, the law requires equal treatment for all, ________ race, religion, or gender. A.in spite of B.in terms of C.regardless of D.in virtue of

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:众所周知,法律要求人人平等,不论种族、宗教或性别。A. in spite of尽管,不管;B. in terms of在…方面,从…角度看; C. regardless of不管,不顾; D. in virtue of由于。in spite of与regardless of的使用语境是不同的。in spite of 意为“即使...也不...”是否定语气。例句:He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.他虽竭尽全力,但仍然未能将那石头搬起来。regardless of 表示“无论…都要…”的意思,是肯定语气。例句: I shall go regardless of the weather.我不管天气如何都要去。因此两个词在语气和意思上都有明显差别,故选C。

4.Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are __________everyone's enjoyment.

A.in B.at C.for D.to

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词。句意:不要摘花园里的花行吗?它们是供大家欣赏的。此处表示目的,“为了”的意思,故用介词for。短语to everyone's enjoyment“让大家开心的是……”,只做状语;短语for everyone's enjoyment“为了每个人的快乐”。故选C。

5.You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question.

A.in search of B.in the form of C.in need of D.in the direction of 【答案】B

【解析】

考查介词短语。此处意思是“以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌”。in the form of 符合句意。in search of“寻找”,in need of“需要”,in the direction of“朝……方向”。

6.Most peo ple work because it’s unavoidable. ________, there are some people who actually enjoy work.

A.As a result B.In addition

C.By contrast D.In conclusion

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语。句意:大部分人工作是因为不可避免,相比之下,有些人确实喜欢工作。

A. As a result结果;

B. In addition此外;

C. By contrast相比之下;

D. In conclusion总而言之。“不可避免”表示一种无奈,也就是说,很多人是不得不工作的。后句的表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”,“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种对比,故选C。

【点睛】

本题关键词是不可避免(unavoidable)。本题需要通过分析句子成分,判断前后的意思是相反的。介词的短语的考查,四个选项意思都是相差很大的,该题需要能够正确理解句子隐含意思。平时要注重识记介词短语的,另外这些介词短语表达可以运用在写作中。

7.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________it.

A.against B.for

C.to D.with

【答案】A

【解析】

考查介词。be against反对,符合句意。be for支持,赞成;be to到达;be with和……在一起,都与句意不符。

8.(江苏)China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.

A.in line with B.in reply to

C.in return for D.in honour of

【答案】A

【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:中国的软实力增长与日俱增与全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照;与……一致;B. in reply to答复;C. in return for作为……的报答;D. in honour of为纪念,为庆祝。故选A。

点睛:本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义,还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语,重点关注它们用法上的区别。

9.Before leaving the house, an expression of thanks to the host would be ________.

A.in preparation B.in place

C.in possession D.in particular

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查词组。A. in preparation在准备中;B. in place适当的;C. in possession占有,持有;D. in particular尤其,特别。句意:在离开家之前,要向主人表达感谢。结合句意可知答案为B。

10.Although this product is environmental protection, few people show interest in it because of its high price.

A.in terms of B.in favor of

C.on account of D.in response to

【答案】B

【解析】

考查词组。A. in terms of 就---而言; B. in favor of支持;C. on account of 为了---的缘故;D. in response to对---有反应。句意:虽然这种产品有利环保,但因其价格昂贵,几乎无人问津。故选B。

11.China successfully launched a spacecraft on the far side of the moon, which, _____

misunderstanding, is not always dark.

A.similar to B.familiar to

C.contrary to D.superior to

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查形容词。A. similar to与------相似; B. familiar to某事为某人熟知; C. contrary to与------相反; D. superior to比------优越。句意:中国成功地在月球的远端发射了一艘宇宙飞船,这与误解相反,月球远端并不总是黑暗的。结合句意可知答案为C。

12.I am always delighted when receiving your invitation, ______ the party on June 9th after the national college entrance examination, I shall be pleased to attend.

A.On account of B.With regard to

C.In response to D.In view of

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词词组辨析。A. On account of由于,因为;B. With regard to关于,至于;C. In response to对------有反应;D. In view of鉴于,考虑到。句意:收到您的邀请我总是很高兴,关于6月9日高考后的晚会,我很乐意参加。结合句意可知答案为B。

13. The equipment for all of the disabled people ought to be _________ easy reach in public. A.beyond B.within C.near D.around

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查介词。A超越;B在……之内;靠近;D周围。句意:所有残疾人设备都应当在公共场合容易得到。故B正确。

考点:考查介词

14.Most online classes let students learn _____ their own pace.

A.at B.to C.from D.by

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查介词辨析。A.在,以;B.到、向;C.来自、从;D.通过、依据。句意:很多在线的课程让学生按照自己的节奏学习。at介词短语可表示以某种价格、速度等,at pace 这里意思是按照,以某步伐,节奏。故选A。

考点:考查介词辨析

15.The unemployment rate has decreased _____ 2% to 5.4%, compared with 7.4 % last year.

A.by B.from C.with D.on

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:失业率与去年的7.4%相比,已经到了5.4%,下降了2%。从句意可知此处指失业率下降了,by可以指相差的程度,选A。

考点:考查介词用法

16.Don't put your bicycle______ the window. The glass can be easily broken.

A.against B.with C.beyond D.for

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:不要把你的自行车倚着窗子。玻璃可能很容易被弄坏。A.put against 把……靠在……上; B. put with 忍受; C.put beyond 远离; D.put for向……前进,努力进取。由句意可知选A。

考点: 考查介词的用法。

17.We didn't travel much during the holiday, ______because of the tight budget, but also because of the huge crowds.

A.in turn B.in part C.in vain D.in effect

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:我们假期没怎么旅行,一部分是因为紧张的预算,还因为是人太多。A. in turn依次,反过来;B. in part一部分;C. in vain徒劳;D. in effect实际上。根据but also because of the huge crowds.可知,“没钱”只是部分的原因。故选B。

18.It is advised that our living expenses should be ________ our economic conditions so that we can live within our means.

A.in control of B.in line with C.in contrast with D.in advance of

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查词组。A. in control of控制; B. in line with与------一致; C. in contrast with与------形成对比; D. in advance of在------前面。句意:有人建议我们的生活费用应该与我们的经济条件相适应,这样我们才能量入为出。结合句意可知答案为B。

19.“We’ve never sold anyone’s data,” Zuckerberg, Facebook CEO, said_______British lawmaker Damian Collins, who released some emails between Facebook and other tech companies.

A.in response to B.in contrast to

C.in proportion to D.in addition to

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:“我们从未售卖任何人的数据”,脸书CEO扎克伯格回复英国立法者Damian Collins说,其公开了在脸谱网和其他科技公司之间一些电子邮件的。A. in response to回复;B. in contrast to与... ...相反;C. in proportion to与... ...成比例;D. in addition to除... ...之外(还)。故选A。

20.You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be life.

A.of B.on C.to D.for

【答案】D

【解析】

考查介词词义辨析。句意:句意:你可以换工作,可以搬家,但友谊是一辈子不变的。” 只有“for”表示动作的持续。“for life ”所以选 D

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2. 要注意从句中第一/三人称的过去式was用were代替。 例如:If I were invited, I would come. If she were not ill, she could do a lot of things. 3. if条件句中如谓语动词是were, had, should, could时,可以省略if, 把它们前置。

例如: Had my father a lot of money, he would send me abroad. Could I do it, I would surely do it. Should the Black Death reappear, what should we do?(万一黑死病再次出现,我们该怎么办) 4. 错综时间的条件句是难点,如99年1月第60题: If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you wouldn’t be smiling now.(从句用过去完成时,主句用现在进行时) 又如:If I were you, I would have gone to the film last night.(从句虚拟现在,主句虚拟过去);If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.(从句虚拟过去,主句虚拟将来); If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句虚拟过去,主句虚拟现在) 5. 虚拟句的另一难点是省略if条件句的含蓄条件句,如: I would have written the paper before, but I have been ill.(=If I had not been ill, I would have written the paper before.); A true friend would have acted differently. (=A friend, if he had been true, would have acted differently.) 6. 注意介词短语 without, but for, in the absence等表示虚拟条件。

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