2015年英语高考陕西卷书面表达

2015年英语高考陕西卷书面表达
2015年英语高考陕西卷书面表达

高考英语书面表达应用文书信体写作

申请与自荐(A Letter of Application )

申请信是日常交际中常见的一种请求手段,广泛用于求职、求学等方面。在申请信中,说明清楚申请的内容及原因十分重要。此外,申请离不开自荐,即主动向对方推荐、介绍自己的优势、长处,信中应着重强调出自己的条件符合对方的要求,力求给对方留下深刻印象。需注意:申请信的语气要诚挚、友好,千万不要表现出强求的意思,但是期望得到的心情一定要表达出来。

【真题例析】(2015·陕西)假定你是李华。在校报英语专栏看到了学校“英语文化节”的一则招募启事,请阅读启事,并根据写作要点和写作要求写一封应征邮件。

写作要点:

1. 表示写信意图;

2. 陈述应征目的;

3. 说明应征条件(性格、能力等)。 写作要求: 1.邮件词数不少于100; 2.开头和结尾部分已写好,不计入总词数; 3.可根据情况增加细节,使行文连贯

4.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 【标准范文】

Dear MS Chen ,

I’m Li Hua, a student from Clas s2, Grade 3. I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.

I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, I will be able to improve my organizational ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public.

As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates.

I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations. I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours truly,

Li Hua

【独家点评】——高瑞翔 Xavier

广东北江中学2016 届高三英语限时训练20选用的即是2015年陕西卷真题。从同学们本次训练的情况上看,英语写作即书面表达部分仍有所欠缺,有待提高。主要存在的问题有:

1、犯简单、低级错误的不在少数,如单词拼写错误,冠词使用不当,名词单复数不对,动词时态变形错误,词类转换错误等,凡是我们在短文改错中常见的错误,都可视为无谓的简单、低级错误,写作时应当予以避免甚至杜绝。 其中首段首句出错的问题十分严重!第一段第一句(不计已给出的开头)应当表述内容要点1——写信意图,即“我写这封信是为了应征英语文化节志愿者”,可译为“I am writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer in the English festival.”但是不少同学把该句的第三个单词误写为“writting”,即犯了动词时态的变形错误。注意,V .-ing 形式只有当动词的最后一个音节为重读闭音节时,才需要双写末尾辅音字母再加-ing ,如“hitting”、“permitting”;而单词“write”是以不发音的“e”结尾的开音节,应当去e 再加-ing 。这一英语语法知识是小学、初中最基础的内容,若是因为粗心笔误,又没有写完后回读检查的习惯,而犯这样的错误是十分不应该的!

此外,据不完全统计,有近半数的同学写作时中式思维严重,写出了像“apply for the volunteer”这样不准确、不地道的表达。在英语中,短语“apply for”意为“申请”,后面应当接一个职务、职位,而“volunteer”这一名词表示的是“志愿者”一类人,并不是某个职务,因此这样的表达有搭配不当之嫌。正确的应为“apply for the position as a volunteer”或“apply for a volunteer job”或“apply to become a volunteer”。而与之不同的是,如果想要表达“申请参加活动/项目”,习惯上,表述为“apply for the activity/program”即可,并不需要“apply for taking part in the activity”。

还有的同学出现“I’m desire to……”一个主谓句有两个动词的语法错误。

在英语作文中想要获得高分数,一定要注重写好首句和尾句!换位思考一下,假设你是一位阅卷老师,看到一篇作文的第一句话有出现有错误、表达不准确的情况,我相信,你不会再有很好的心情阅读下去,印象分肯定很低很低。曾有某大学毕业生小蔡好不容易进入复试阶段,却因自己手写的400字简历中有24个错别字而被拒录,她求职遗憾的惨痛经历应当要让我们引以为戒;而如今你写的一篇100词的应征申请信中首句第三个单词就拼错了,呵呵,在全省几十万考生的激烈竞争中,你想要脱颖而出当上自愿者恐怕是没希望了。所以,夯实基础,注意细节,养成良好的语言习惯,对作文拿高分至关重要!!!

2、除个别同学未分段外,绝大多数同学都能做到结构清晰;但新的问题又出现了,那就是——详略不当。注意这是Volunteers Wanted

Our annual English Festival, which will be held on June 15-17, 2015, is now

looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for T alent Show, Speech

Contest, and English Debate. If you are interested, please send an application

email at your earliest convenience to Ms.Chen at chenlaoshi@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c3089369.html,.

一篇应征文,你想要获得这项职位,文章的重点应放在“表明自己能够胜任”上,即内容要点3——应征条件(性格、能力等)应突出地写、详写。而许多同学在审题时并没注意到这一隐性的要求,在13行的文稿纸中写作时,要点2花费了5-6行的笔墨大写特写自己的“雄心壮志要抓住此次的宝贵机会”,而到写自己的优点、长处(要点3)时却只留下3-4行的位置去“挤”,最后只能两三句话草草带过,这样的段落结构安排显然是不合理的。

我们说,书信——应用文(实用类文本)的写作,其本质要求和第一标准应当是看——它是否达到了交际的目的。这就要求我们在写作时把自己置身于具体的社交情境中,而不仅仅是完成题目中的写作任务。假设你是该校志愿者招募工作的负责人Ms. Chen,难道你最先关注的不是应征者的性格、能力等吗?同学们不妨以此自评,看看自己写的申请信能否让Ms. Chen满意。如果你是Ms. Chen,你会给自己一个志愿者的名额吗?

为了增强申请文的说服力,在篇幅允许的情况下,可以适当增加一些个人事例(可以虚构)作为补充细节,让文章内容有血有肉!这点有部分同学做到了且做得挺好。

3、以上详略不当的问题,其实也反映了同学们在写作思路上的局限:写应征目的比较有话可说,而当要“自夸”自己的才能时却显得信心不足,显然没能很好地认识自己、发觉自己身上的能力;或有碍于“面子”,不好意思虚构。

从实际写作反映的情况上看也是如此,大多数同学要点2写得很精彩,诸如:提高自己的交际能力、英语水平,给高中校园生活留下美好回忆等。不少同学充分利用好了招募启事中的“annual”这一信息,设想自己在往届英语节中担任志愿者的经历,表明自己对这份工作的热爱且经验丰富。有位同学在作文中写道:自己去年是以观众的身份参加英语文化节的,由于受到了好心志愿者的热情接待和周到服务,对成为志愿者心生向往,认为他们是校园活动中一道亮丽的风景线(In my mind, the volunteers were a beautiful landscape in our school, because they added a brilliant contribution to the English festival. How wonderful it is to become a volunteer!),因此希望今年自己也能够成为他们的一员。看,像这样的写作思路就非常开阔,因此笔者在她的文章中点评:“好!文章有个性!”

有同学在作文中引用名句谚语“赠人玫瑰,手留余香。”——“Rose given, fragrance remains in hand.”以此来表达他希望通过帮助别人来获得快乐的美好心愿。其中非常高级的独立主格结构的准确运用,真不失为文章一大增分的亮点!好!

但也有同学在文章中写出了像答政治题的假、大、空的话,如:“achieve the value of my life(实现人生价值......太扯淡了!)”,还有像“make a little difference in the world”、“contribute to the society”,别忘了你只是“当个校园志愿者”,大可不必把自己想得那么伟大!

有的同学在要点2中写当志愿者参加活动是想提高自己在某方面的能力,但却不小心写出了自己在某方面能力上的不足:“Speaking of my purpose, I think it results from two reasons. First of all, I lack an abilit y of communicating with others. That is, I my sometimes annoy other people. So I want to improve my ability by being a volunteer...”这在申请信中可是一败笔啊!别忘了应征、申请都离不开自荐,其准则应当是“多写优点、充分肯定自身长处、优势”,像这样自暴缺点的负面信息还是少提供为好。

4、下面是从同学们的习作当中摘录出来的一些有代表性的而又容易被忽视的错误句子,笔者将在此重点解决辞不达意、使用不当的语言运用问题。

①误:First, I think becoming a volunteer in the English Festival is an important job which makes it convenient for other students to enjoy their time. (主语“成为一名志愿者”与表语“工作”不能相搭配。这是语文修改病句中的常见错误,但同学们在英语作文中犯这样的错误却很容易被忽视)

②误:Not only my body is strong, but also my mind.

正:Not only my body but also my mind is strong. (等立关联连词用于并列两个主语)

误:Not only can I improve my communicating ability, but also make some new friends.

正:I can not only improve my communicating ability, but also make some new friends. (等立关联连词用于并列谓语部分)

正:Not only can I improve my communicating ability, but also I can make some new friends. (等立关联连词用于并列句,前一个分句用了倒装,后一个分句的主语不能省略)

(not only ... but also ... 是写作中的常用句型,却也是高频出错点)

误:Joining the activity, I will not only be able to improve my English skills, but also can help me expand my relationships. (句式杂糅,主语中途易辙)

改1:Joining the activity(主语) not only will improve my English skills, but also can help me expand my relationships. (不仅会......而且能......)

改2:By joining the activity, I will not only be able to improve my English skills, but also expand my relationships. (I作主语)

③正:The reason why I want to become a volunteer is that I want to make a contribution to our school. (用关系副词why 引导定语从句补充说明先行词the reason,后接表语从句阐述原因。写作常见句,杂糅等出错类型多样,在此不予列举)

④误:Easygoing as I am, I can get along well with surrounding people.

误:Patient as I am, guiding audience to their seats is not a difficult job for me.

(画线部分的从句倒装表示让步,意思为“尽管……”,放在这里使用不恰当;正确的使用如“Such as it is, ...”表示“尽管如此/就算是这样”,再如:“Hard as he worked, he h as failed the exam. 虽然他很努力学习,但还是没能通过考试。”)下面的一些句子尽管没有语法错误,但一些句型、词组的使用不当而造成语义很奇怪、不地道……

⑤So outgoing and friendly am I that almost everyone feels comfortable when I help them.

(乍一眼看上去,这句话并没有什么错误,而且还用上了比较高级的so...that...的倒装句式;但是只要我们仔细斟酌一下句意就会发现其实不通,“我太外向和友好了,以至于每个接受我服务的人都感觉舒适。”你不感觉翻译起来很奇怪么?这就是典型的为了用某个学过的句型而去用,而丝毫不考虑这样使用是否符合所要表达的意思。笔者曾多次批判这

种现象:过分追求语言上的“花俏”,别出心裁地“堆砌”一些所谓的高级的英语词汇和“硬”要用上一点复杂的语法结构,自以为如此就能博得阅卷老师的眼球,相反,由于忽略了考虑文章的表达效果,结果却是弄巧成拙、适得其反!在此,笔者再次强调:语言只是一门工具,遣词炼句的选择一定要为写作的内容服务,只有建立在准确、恰当地表达的基础之上,语言的华丽才会为文章添色!两者的主次关系必须分清,切不可本末倒置,舍本逐末!)

Having seen the volunteers wanted, so excited am I that I must catch the opportunity.

修改建议:Having seen the volunteers wanted, so excited am I that I couldn’t wait to apply for the position.

⑥There is no doubt that I am patient and warm-hearted. (读着感觉有点莫名其妙。。想必大家都不会这样讲中文吧?☆正确理念:要把英语当成是自己的语言去学,要把英语作文当做是语文作文那样去对待。)

A lot of knowledge will be understood in this experience and I will make friends with other people. (由我们在语文课上所学的语段连贯可知,应当保持前后两个分句的话题/主语一致,故此处不需要用被动语态)

⑦What I think i s one of my advantages to take over this volunteer’s job is that I am good at English. (头重脚轻,啰嗦冗长。这是许多同学句子写作的通病,非常喜欢整一些主语从句、表语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句,把本来几个单词就可以说完的意思写得一两行那么长。☆写作的简洁性原则:Fewer words, more information.即用较少的文字传达出尽可能大的信息量。)

⑧I love English, and when a new English newspaper publishes, I will read it immediately.

修改建议:I love English and I often read English newspaper.

⑨I would like to give my power to our school. (可改为make my own contribution)

My ability can do help to the school activities.

(写出此种英文句子的同学,是属于那些英语基础比较弱,笔头表达时不能很好地调用所学过的语言知识的情况。建议平时多做英汉互译的快速反应练习)

As for my conditions, I have good communication skills.

(“condition”一词由于词义过于宽泛,不宜使用在此表示“应征条件”的意思。“condition”虽有“条件”之义,但它多用于表示“某事发生或完成的条件”,如“extreme weather conditions(极端天气条件)”,兼有“环境”之义,如“improve people’s living conditions(改善人民的生活条件/水平)”、“I could not work in these conditions any longer.(我再也不能在这样的环境中工作了。)”;此外它用于人身上多指“(健康)状况”,如“mental condition(精神/心理状况)”。由此可见,用词恰当要求我们选用表达意思最为贴切的词语,想再此处可用“advantages/qualities”。)

⑩某同学在信件结尾处写道:Thank you if you give me the opportunity. (这是一句不得体、非常不礼貌的句子,潜台词是“你给我机会我才感激你,否则我不感谢你”。为什么会传达出这样的含义呢?先来看一下我们之前见过的正确、地道、得体的表达用语:

I will appreciate it if you can give me the opportunity./It would be appreciated if you could give me the opportunity.

这两句话中的引词“it”无实义或表模糊概念,指代后面从句叙述的内容,而正是这个it的运用,成功地把“感谢”的对象由“你”—人变为了“你给我机会”这一行为,从而避免了歧义。请大家细心体会。)

5、书写:字,是一个人的脸面。在一份个人简历中,写得一手好字,往往能够很容易得到老板的青睐。在高考作文中,虽不要求人人写出“衡水印刷体”,但至少应该做到,字迹清晰可辨,保持卷面的整洁,最起码不能影响阅读、干扰交际。当然,考场中出来的高分作文,大多是书写美观,能够阅卷老师留下赏心悦目的第一印象!

劣例:

阅卷老师虽不能完全“以字取文”,但在时间、精力有限的情况下,遇到这样的答卷,很难有耐心、煎熬地读下去,极有可能随便给你几分就PASS掉,太坏心情了……

【举一反三】

题1. (2010·天津)假设你是晨光中学的高中生李华。你校拟选拔一些优秀学生,利用暑期到晨曦希望小学为学生辅导英语。你希望参加此活动。请根据以下提示,用英语给校评选组写一封申请信:

●对此活动的认识(如对本人、学生及社会的益处等)●个人优势(如性格、独立生活能力、语言能力等)●你的计划(如怎样进行辅导等)注意:

1.词数不少于100;

2.可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯;

3.信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入词数。

参考词汇:晨曦希望小学Chenxi Hope School

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am Li Hua from Class One, Senior Two.

Yours Sincerely,

Li Hua 题2. (2008·福建)假设你是李华,这则广告引起了你的兴趣,请用英文写一封自荐信。

要点如下:

1.对夏令营主题的理解;2.根据招聘要求进行自我介绍;3.参加夏令营的目的。注意:

1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数;2.词数100左右。

EIL International English Summer Camp

Volunteer Wanted

EIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim of international understanding “Learn to live together by living together”.

Requirements:Over 16; good knowledge of English; outgoing; working well with children between 7-12

Activities:Language study, outdoor recreation(娱乐) and travel

Campers: Students from different countries

Camp site: Mount Wuyi, Fujian

Time: July 26-August 9

Application deadline(截止报名日期):July 15. 2008

If interested, please e-mail to info@https://www.360docs.net/doc/3c3089369.html,

Dear Sir,

I’m Li Hua from Fujian.

I am looking forward to your early reply.

Sincerely yours,

Lihua 题3. (2011·辽宁)书面表达:假定你是李华,将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书,你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一无动于衷求职信,包括下列要点:

1.年龄;

2.学习情况及英语水平;

3.兴趣和特长;

4.性格特点。

注意:

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。

Dear Sir/ Madam,

I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

5

2015年陕西高考英语试题及答案

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2019年高考试题——英语(陕西卷)(解析版)

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