中级口译历年真题--翻译篇

中级口译历年真题--翻译篇

2012年春季（3月）

英译汉原文：

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it we re the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. 英译汉参考译文：

我年轻的时候，有本非常好的杂志《全球目录》，这是我们那代人的“圣经”之一。杂志的创办人是斯图尔特·布兰德，创办地是在离这里不远的门罗公园，他赋予了这本杂志诗一样的美感。六十年代后期，个人电脑和桌面排版尚未出现，所以这本杂志完全利用打字机、剪刀、偏光镜来完成，有点像平装本的谷歌，却出现在谷歌问世三十五年前。这本杂志充满了理想色彩，充满了整齐利落的工具、不同寻常的见解。

斯图尔特和他的团队出版了几期《全球目录》，在它完成使命后，他们出版了最后一期杂志。那是在七十年代中期，那时我和你们的年龄相仿。杂志最后一期的封底上是张清晨的乡村公路的照片，那样的路，如果你有些冒险精神，可能会一路搭车走过。照片下面有两句话：“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，这是他们停刊的告别语，“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，我总是以此鼓励自己。现在，当你们即将毕业踏上新的旅程，我给予你们同样的期望。

翻译评析：

这篇短文取自于乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。语言比较口语化，词汇不难。因为是演讲类短文，所以考生在翻译的时候大可以顺序驱动。节选的这个短文有几处的词汇和短语大家可以注意下：

poetic：充满诗情画意的

idealistic: 理想主义的

run his course: 完成使命

hitchhiking: 搭乘

sign off: 停止签发，停止

汉译英：

吸烟之危害，可谓大矣，其严重性是不能低估的。吸烟污染空气，损害健康，使肺癌发病率大大增加。为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病和死亡，世界卫生组织已将每年的5月31日定为“世界无烟日”。

瘾君子们说，一天饭不吃可以，一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了，不能戒。只要真正意识到吸烟有百害而无一利，于人于己都是一种祸害，就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑。戒烟贵在坚持，坚持下去就是收获。

参考译文：

Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated. Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer. To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO (World Health Organization) has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day.

The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours. However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well

as to he himself, he will be determined to resist the temptation of tobacco. To quit smoking requires persistence and so long as one persists, he’ll be rewarded.

点评：

这篇文章的主题是大家都很熟悉的“戒烟”。开篇的一些比较文言化的词如“之”，“矣”，以及后面的习语“有百害而无一利”，“于人于己”等完全是“纸老虎”，大家根本不用害怕，只要将句子的大意弄懂，然后用白话文译出即可化解难题。另外如“世界卫生组织”这样的专有名词，切记不要译错，这种平时常见而考试常考的高频词，必须牢记。

2011年秋季（9月）

英译汉原文：

Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers

The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation's future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.

For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.

Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.

我们为什么必须叫停“不称职”的老师？

一直以来，美国初高中教育质量的相对下降对整个民族的将来来说，不仅仅是窘境也是一种威胁。从前，美国学生比世界上任何一个国家的学生都更擅长于测试。而现在，与欧洲学校的孩子相比，美国学生的水平仅与立陶宛旗鼓相当——被其他10个国家远远甩开。

就过去这个时代而言，粗略来讲，上个世纪的后五十年，教育界专家们认为如果他们能找到正确的教学法，能用正确的方法给予教导，那么这种教育将是无可挑剔的。为此，他们尝试过集论教学体系、开放式教室、全语学习，但是似乎看起来无一能取得意义深远或是持久的改善。

而在近些年来，研究人员发现了一些看起来十分明显，但却由于各种各样的原因而被忽视或否定的东西。他们认为，造成这种差异的，比教学规模和教科书更为重要的，比教学方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教师的质量。教书育人的能力大多是与生俱来的，即激发朝气蓬勃的思想、驾驭难以管教的班级。这种能力是一些人与生俱来的；很明显，一些人并不具有这种品质。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被传授的，但这种“教”并不意味着就是许多所谓的教育学研究生院课上所教的那样——灌输的大都是些枯燥乏味且风马牛不相及的理论和教学法。总之，这项研究表明，五年内，你就可以辨别出哪些是优秀的老师，而哪些并不是。评析：

本文是一篇新闻，难度适中。新闻稿的翻译和散文不同，散文重点要突出原文的行文情感，文笔特点，而新闻稿的翻译重点在于，突出内容的客观性和真实性，抓住主题和作者观点。这篇新闻主要介绍了美国教育界的一些问题，作者的观点是：在教育方面，教育法，教育硬件设置，甚至课程安排都不如老师水平来得重要。而教师的教学水平很大一部分是天生的。本篇翻译的难度主要在于一些长难句的拆分，在面对这样的长难句时，考生们首先应该端正心态，然后运用一些对美国教育的了解，以及逻辑思维，再加上语法知识，进行分析。

同时也出现了pedagogy，insipid，这样的一些生词，对于pedagogy这样的反复出现的生词，可以根据上下文来猜测，就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid这样的，不影响理解

的修饰性的词语，就可以暂时跳过，先抓住整篇文章的主旨。

总而言之，对于长难句的分析能力，是各位同学在平时学习英语过程中需要积累和锻炼的一种能力，而谈到单词，也是需要大家平时多多广泛阅读来拓展词汇量的。

汉译英原文：

越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。

这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。

译文：

An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.

They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.

解析：

本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一个意群，考生基本不用自行判断、划分。文中的长句可使用中国考生特别熟悉的从句进行翻译，如第一句的“已经认识到……的同时，也通晓中文的重要性”，就可以用从属连词while 连接，第一段的最后一句“掌握双语的好处……”由which引导的定语从句也可迎刃而解。当然，要翻译好本段，选词很重要。如第一句中“越来越多的华人父母认识到……”，如果你和大多数人一样，翻译成“more and more parents…”就显得很普通，而“an increasing number of…”则地道很多；又如第一段最后一句“既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。”例文用了“enhance”和“facilitate”两个词，富于变化；文中许多考生容易使用副词的地方，译者都巧妙地运用形容词来替代，如将“积极支持”译为“give full support to”，将“不时走访”译为“make occasional visits”，读来原汁原味，彰显了译者扎实的翻译功底，给考官留下了一个相当不错的印象，也为自己加分不少。

2011年春季（3月）

英译汉

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.

世界上大部分气候学家已经使他们自己及许多普通民众（包括一些政界人士）确信，地球的气候正处于变化之中；对人类而言，这一变化正日趋严重；罪魁祸首是人类活动，其表现形式为过量排放二氧化碳之类的温室气体。

A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that rec ent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.

但是，仍有一小部分人对此持怀疑态度。一些人表示，虽然近期的数据表明地球的平均气温正在升高，但其原因是太阳辐射的自然波动，这一趋势可能临近结束。另一些人认为并没有决定性证据表明近现代的地球温度高于古代。

we believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a

certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.

我们认为，全球变暖是人类面临的严重威胁，世界各国需要采取措施，竭力避免这一问题。这是政治家的职责。但是我们也相信气候变化并不是必然的。科学无绝对。盛行的理论必须不断得到实际证据的检验。一旦搜集到了新的证据，就需要进行再次验证。这是科学家的任务。

汉译英

豫园是上海著名的古典园林，已有400多年的历史。花园设计独特，具有明清两代南方的建筑艺术的风格。园内共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭台楼阁、假山池塘和谐对称、协调均衡，其布局之精致自古闻名江南。

The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 years. With delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 40 attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one another. The Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and elegance.

豫园原为明代一位大官的私家花园，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。此后曾几经变迁，屡遭摧残。所幸的是，从1949年上海解放时，园内的主要景点尚完好无损。从1956年开始，豫园经过多次修缮，重现其昔日光彩。

The Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty. Its initial construction started in 1559, but it was not completed until two decades later. The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes; fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated. The Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.

2010年秋季（9月）