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南昌大学考博英语应该怎样复习
南昌大学考博英语应该怎样复习

南昌大学考博英语应该怎样复习

对于考博来说,单词背诵是不可逾越的环节,但这往往又是令学生们感到焦头烂额的事情。有过考博经历的学生都有这样的感受:单词背了不少,与此同时也忘了不少,好不容易记住几个,但是一看考题又发晕了,因为单词书上记的意思放在句子中,上下文却理解不通。这究竟是什么原因呢?我们英语教研室杨老师就学生背单词常遇到的问题进行如下讲解,希望对大家的考博单词记忆有所帮助。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一,也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

出现上述问题的原因还在于学生们不熟悉考博,不了解考题的特点。在大学四年学习期间,同学们能参加的正规英语过级考试并不多,基本上就CET-4、CET-6和考博英语。英语四、六级考试是水平测试,在考题中任何一个词,只要你在单词书上背过,放在句子中基本上就能理解得通,即:“所见即所记”。但是考博却非如此,比如,“doctor”一词,你在四、六级试卷上看到它,十之八九意思在“医生”和“博士”中徘徊。但是你如果不了解考博题,把你原始记忆的单词的意思生搬硬套地放在考博的题目中,你肯定会吃亏。下面咱们具体来看“doctor”在具体语境中的特殊含义:Like other human beings,he encounters moral issues even in the every-day performance of his routine duties—he is not supposed to cook his experiments,manufacture evidence,or doctor his reports. (06年翻译)

分析:句中的doctor,是否能理解成“医生”或“博士”?当然不能,doctor用在动词不定式to后面,首先从词性来看应该是动词,那又是什么意思呢?be suppose to意思是“应该做某事”,be not supposed to“不

应该做某事”,该动词词组后面跟了三个并列词组:cook his experiments,manufacture evidence和doctor his reports。这三个并列宾语成分都是动宾短语,应该理解为:编造实验、捏造证据、伪造报告。很显然,无论从词性还是词义都不是咱们原来印象中的样子了。

那么对于考博词汇—这一另非英语专业学生头疼的东西,我们该如何应对呢?我们在复习考博词汇时,一定要转变思维,学会从以下几方面考虑:第一、词性。参加考博的学生一定要有这个意识,即:词性转换。这种状况多出现在名词。看到一个名词就要想象一下,若该名词转换成动词该是什么意思。比如:oil名词“石油、油”而动词“给……上油”;bath名词“洗澡、沐浴”而动词“给……洗澡”;boss名词“老板、上司”而动词“指挥、支配、发号施令”等等。

第二、主体。同一个形容词修饰的主体不一样,意思也要相应地发生变化。比如:angry一词,在“I am very angry。”意思是“生气的”;

在“angry wind”中意思是“肆虐的、狂暴的”;在“angry cut”中意思是“发炎的、感染的”。

第三、词性色彩。有的词在不同的语境中,根据作者的爱憎、褒贬不一,所用词的感情色彩是不一样的。比如,“ambition”一词有两个意思,“雄心”和“野心”。在一个句子中,到底这个词该如何理解,就要看文章作者的态度了。

第四、单词的具体化。比如:“artist”,看到这个词,大家的第一印象就是“艺术家”,但是看下面这个短语“artist in the kitchen”,如果翻译成“厨房里的艺术家”,就会使听者不知所云,在此应理解成“厨房能手”。

第五、文化差异。英汉差异在很大程度上是由于其文化背景的差异造成

的。比如:“dog”在汉语中人们都喜欢这种动物,因为它代表“忠诚”;

而在英语中这个词常带有贬义色彩,如“不纯正的,不规范的(语言);假的,劣等的,质次的,杂种的(物品)”。所以平时要善于积累课外知识。

最后,希望大家在考博词汇复习过程中有意识地转变思维方式,不要只是机械地一遍遍地重复单词,要善于思考,使单词背诵不再单调,提高效率。

本文由“育明考博”整理编辑

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考博英语(阅读理解)历年真题试卷汇编7 (总分:30.00,做题时间:90分钟) 一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:3,分数:30.00) We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be " beyond dispute". We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1960s. The role distinction, raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary. The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time-honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature, a deviation from the norm. Sex roles were determined according to the "place" appropriate to each. Women's place was, first and foremost, in the home. The outside world, i.e. workshops, factories and business firms, belonged to men. This sex-based division of the world(private and public)gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes, which conferred on each is special identity. The woman, sequestered at home, "cared, nurtured and conserved. " To do this, she had no need to be daring, ambitious, tough or competitive. The man, on the other hand, competing with his fellow men, was caught up every day in the struggle for survival, and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man. Today, many women go out to work, and their reasons for doing so have changed considerably. Besides the traditional financial incentives, we find ambition and personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances, and the wish to have a social life and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others. Above all, for all women, work is invariably connected with the desire for independence.(分数:10.00) (1).It is only in recent years that we have recognized that______.(分数:2.00) A.there is almost no clue to the identity of both sexes B.the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuous C.the different definitions of sexes bears on the development of culture D.the progress of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes (2).From paragraph 1 we can infer that it is now possible for women to embark on a career because______.(分数:2.00) A.the change in sex roles is out of the question B.women's lib has been going on for many years C.ideas about the roles of women have been changing D.the expansion of sciences scarcely remolds the women's roles (3).The author believes that sex discrimination in the West before the 1960s was______.(分数: 2.00) A.preferable

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