概况名词解释
概况名词解释：
When, where, who, why, what, result
1.WASP(White Anglo-Saxon Protestant)
WASP的原义是指美国的新教上流社会，即殖民时代来自英国的移民,现在可以泛指信奉新教的欧裔美国人。此群体拥有庞大的经济、政治势力，构成美国上流社会和中上阶层的绝大部分。尽管美国社会日益多元化，但他们的文化、道德观和价值取向仍在很大程度上影响着美国的发展。
WASP, White Anglo-Saxon Protestant in America, is immigrated from England in the colonial era. This group constitute the vast majority of the American upper class and upper middle class, and has huge economic and political forces.
Despite the increasingly diverse American society, but their culture, ethics and values are still significantly influenced the development of the United States.
2.Cold War
二战结束后，由于美国和苏联的目的和利益产生了冲突，他们都想主宰世界，但是双方为了避免世界大战爆发，核战争，其对抗通过科技，军备竞赛，外交竞争等冷方式进行，即“相互遏制，却又不诉诸武力”，因此称之为“冷战”。1991年12月25日苏联解体，标志冷战正式结束。
After World War II, the US and the Soviet Union had a conflict of aims and interests, that is, they all wanted to dominate the world. But in order to avoid the outbreak of another world war, they competed with each other through science and technology, namely "mutual containmen t, but do not resort to force,” so it was called Cold War. On December 25, 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed, which means the end of the Cold War.
3.New Deal
1929年，美国股票市场崩溃导致了持续四年的经济大萧条，1933年富兰克林·罗斯福出任美国总统，并实行一系列新经济政策，三个核心是:救济(Relief)、复兴(Recovery)和改革(Reform)。新政增加政府对经济直接或间接干预，大大缓解了大萧条带来的经济危机与社会矛盾，逐渐使美国走出了经济危机。此后，国家干预和调控经济，成为20世纪资本主义国家普遍的政策取向。
In 1929, the US stock market crash led to the Great Depression for four years.
1933, Franklin Roosevelt became the US president, and implemented a series of new economic policy. the three core is: Relief, Revival and reform. The new Deal let the government strengthened the control of economy, directly or indirectly, which greatly easing the economic crisis and social conflicts, and gradually make the United States out of the crisis. Since then, state intervention and regulation of the economy, the 20th-century capitalist countries generally Policy.
4.Check and Balance
三权分立制度就是国家的立法、行政、司法三权分别由三个机关独立行使，并相互制衡的制度。三权分立是美国的一项重要制度,避免权力的滥用
Separation of powers means that the legislative, executive and judicial powers are conducted by parliament, government and court in order to restrain mutually and maintain the balance of power. This is designed to prevent the government to be too strong, and avoiding power abuse.
5.Mayflower
1620年，大约102名英国清教徒为了逃避当时政府的打压，乘坐“五月花号”，逃亡到北美，建立起普利茅斯殖民地，后来越来越多的人来到那里，这就是美国的建国历史。
In 1620, about 102 British Pilgrims taking the "Mayflower" fled to North America in order to escape the persecution of British religion, and established their Colony.
That was the founding history of the United States.
解答题：
1.Brief on the procedures of American presidential elections
美国总统选举每四年举行一次。
1首先，预选，大选年的2-6月，民主，共和党分别选出本党候选人提名
2总统候选人提名大会，大选年的7-8月，两党分别召开代表大会，选出总统候选人，然后通过有总统候选人提名的副总统候选人，并制定正式的竞选纲领。
3竞选运动，从全国代表大会结束开始，至全国投票日，总统候选人在全国选民中开展各种活动
4全国选举，大选年11月的第二个星期二，选民到指定地点进行投票，在总统候选人中做出选择，同时选出各州总统选举人
5选举团投票表决总统选举人按该州选民结果投票，率先获得270候选人当选美国总统
General elections occur every four years.
First,Primary Election, from February to June, more than one candidate from the same party seeks to fight then primary election is held
Second, from July to august, two parties’ convention will nominate their final
candidates after a competition in the same party.
Third, what follows is several months of presidential campaigns by the candidates.
Forth, in November of the election year, voters across the nation go to the polls.
Finally, the candidate first with the largest votes wins the election.
2. Brief on the Boston Tea Party Incident and its significance on American history
1773年，英国政府为帮助东印度公司向北美倾销积存的茶叶，引起北美殖民地人民的极大愤怒，北美人民为反抗英国殖民者的压迫，当地居民化妆成印第安人潜入商船，把船上价值约1.5万英镑的茶叶全部倒入大海。
波士顿倾茶事件是一场由波士顿居民对抗英国国会的政治示威，并最终引起著名的美国独立战争。它是北美人民反对殖民统治暴力行动的开始,是美国革命的关键点之一，也是美国建国的主要国家神话之一。
In 1773, the British government helped the North East India Company to sell their over-stored into north America, which annoyed the North American people greatly. In order to resist the oppression of the British colonists, the local people disguised as Indians, sneaked the merchant ship, and put the about 1.5 million pounds of tea all into the sea.
Boston Tea Party was the beginning that the North American against colonial violence, and ultimately led to the American revolution.
日本国概况复习资料
日本国概况复习资料 第一讲关于日本问题的综述 1. 经济大国资源小国 ○人口：12560万人（男：6160万人，女：6400万人） ○面积：377800平方公里，占世界总面积四百分之一，第54位 ○国民生产总值：45993亿美元，占第二位，是世界第二经济大国 ○人均国民生产总值：36572美元，第二位 ○人均年收入：31885美元，第三位 ○外汇储备：8516亿美元，第一位 ○对外贸易总额：6687亿美元，第三位。（其中出口3881亿美元，进口2806亿美元，顺差1075亿美元。） ○与日本相似细长型国家：智利，挪威，越南 ○与日本相同四面临海的国家：菲律宾，新西兰，古巴，英国 工业产业数字 ○粗钢产量：（99年）9805万吨，（比98年增加7.7%） ○发电量：（97年）10379亿千瓦，第三位 ○造船：造船王国，多年来占世界第一，1998年造船1098万吨，占全世界41.6%。 ○汽车：（1998年）1104万辆，第二位。 ○电视机：向新型多功能方向发展，普及率100%。 ○水产：1978年1090多万吨，占世界捕鱼总量14.5%，1997年为588万吨，居世界第三位。 以上材料说明：日本在世界经济上占有相当重要的地位，日本是个经济大国，经济实力相当雄厚，日本工业是发达的，但是先天不足，能源资源缺乏，工业原料，矿物原料主要依靠进口，粮食和农副产品自给率不高，是个资源小国。 ○日本能源自给率只有18.1%，煤97.2%，原油99.7%靠进口。
○工业原料，如原棉，原毛，橡胶全部靠进口，木材49%靠进口。 ○矿业资源，如铁矿石，铝上，镍100%，铜99.9%，铅95.2%，亚铅87.8%靠进口。 ○粮食和农产品除大米外（120%有余），其他都靠进口。小麦和大豆90%以上是进口。2. 二千年和两个五十年 ○两千年（见教材151-152） ○第一个五十年（1894-1945年，从甲午战争—日本二次世界大战中战败） ○第二个五十年（1945-1995年，日本投降，新中国成立，中日恢复邦交抗战胜利50周年）（1）中日建交后分别在对方：大阪，札幌，福冈，长崎 上海，沈阳，广州（设立总领事馆） （2）1984年9月成立中日友好21世纪委员会 日方首席代表：石川忠雄 中方首席代表：王兆国 2001年12月第15次会议在广岛召开 日方首席代表：冈部达味 中方首席代表：杨振亚 （3）友好城市1973年6月——1982年10月45对 2000年5月206对 （4）规范中日关系的三项重要文件： 中日联合声明，中日和平友好条约，中日联合宣言 （5）1997年李鹏总理访日，提出中日关系的五项基本原则： 相互尊重；求同存异；加强对话；互惠互利；面向未来 3. 怎样认识当今日本 ○“泡沫经济”破灭后，经济陷入衰退，股价地价暴跌，消费低迷，公司倒闭，金融机构陷入困境。（当代49-52）
英国文学名词解释
Allegory is a tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities. Thus, an allegory is a story with two meaning, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning. Bildungsroman: a novel that traces the initiation, development, and education of a young person. Examples are Dickens’s David Copperfield and James Joyce’s Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Byronic hero is a character-type found in Byron’s narrative Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. He is a boldly defiant but bitterly self-tormenting outcast, proudly contemptuous of social norms but suffering for some unnamed sin. Emily Bronte’s Heath cliff is a later example. Conceit: a kind of metaphor that makes a comparison between two startlingly different things. A conceit usually provides the framework for an entire poem. An especially unusual and intellectual kind of conceit is the metaphysical conceit, used by certain 17th-century poets, such as John Donne.. Comedy of manners is a kind of comedy representing the complex and sophisticated code of behavior current in fashionable circles of society, where appearances count for more than true moral character. Its humor relies chiefly on elegant verbal wit and repartee. In England, the comedy of manners flourished as the dominant form of Restoration comedy in the works of Etheredge, Wycherley and Congreve. It was revived in a more subdued form in the 1770s by Goldsmith and Sheridan, and later by Oscar Wilde. An epic is a long narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating and celebrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the past history of a nation. Epiphany(顿悟）: a sudden revelation of truth about life inspired by a seemingly trivial incident Heroic couplet is the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. Intrusive narrator: an omniscient narrator who, in addition to reporting the events of a novel’s story, offers further comments on characters and events, and who sometimes reflects more generally upon the significance of the story. Iambic pentameter: a poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. Iambic pentameter is the most common verse line in English poetry. Metaphysical poetry: the poetry of John Donne and other 17th-century poets who wrote in a similar style. It is characterized by verbal wit and excess, ingenious structure, irregular meter, colloquial language, elaborate imagery, and a drawing together of dissimilar ideas . Metaphysical Poetry Metaphysical Poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With a rebellious spirit, the metaphysical poets try to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. They are characterized by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form. John Donne is the lead ing figure of the “metaphysical school.” Naturalism: a post--Darwinian movement of the late 19th century that tried to apply the laws of scientific determinism to fiction. The naturalists went beyond the realists’ insistence on the objective presentation of the details of everyday life to insist that the materials of literature
美国文学名词解释
1. Transcendentalism The origin of it is a philosophical and literary movement centered in Concord and Boston, which marks the summit of American Transcendentalism. 19th-century movement of writers and philosophers in New England who were loosely bound together by adherence to an idealistic system of thought based on a belief in the essential unity of all creation, the innate goodness of man, and the supremacy of insight over logic and experience for the revelation of the deepest truths. The major features of American Transcendentalism are:It emphasis on spirit, or the Oversoul, as the most important thing in the universe. It stressed the importance of the individual. To them the individual was the most important element of society. It offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God. 2.Romanticism The Romanticism period stretches from the end of the 18th century through the outbreak of the Civil War. It is a term associate with imagination boundlessness, and in critical usage is contrasted with classicism which is commonly associated with reason and restriction. The features of Romanticism are: American Romanticism was in a way derivative: American romantic writing was some of them modeled on English and European works. American romanticism was in essence the expression of "a real new experience "and contained"an alien quality".Representatives:William Cullen Bryant; Henry Longfellow and James Cooper, Washington Irving. 3.Realism: In American literature, the Civil War brought the Romantic Period to an end. The Age of Realism came into existence. It came as a reaction against the lie of romanticism and sentimentalism. Realism turned from an emphasis on the strange toward a faithful rendering of the ordinary, a slice of life as it is really lived. It expresses the concern for commonplace and the low, and it offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience.The representatives are Howells, James, and Mark Twain. 4. Naturalism American naturalism was a new and harsher realism, it had come from Europe. Naturalism was an outgrowth of realism that responded to theories in science, psychology, human behavior and social thought current in the late nineteenth century. The background of naturalism are: In the last decade of the nineteenth century, with the development of industry and modern science, intelligent minds began to see that man was no longer a free ethical being in a cold, indifferent and essentially Godless universe. In this chance world he was both helpless and hopeless.Major Features of it are:Humans are controlled by laws of heredity and environment.The universe is cold, godless, indifferent and hostile to human desires.Representatives of it such as Stephen Crane, Frank Norris and Theodore Dreiser. 5.New Criticism The New Criticism as a school of poetry and criticism established itself in the 1940s as an academic orthodoxy in the United States. The school has its beginning in the 1920s. It focus on the analysis of the text rather paying attention to external elements such as its social background, its author's intention and political attitude, and its impact on society. Then it explores the artistic structure of the work rather than its author's frame of mind or its reader's responses. It also see a literary work as an organic entity, the unity of content and form, and places emphasis on the close reading of the text. These New Critics included T.S. Eliot,I.A.Richards,John Crowe Ransom, Allen Tate and some other critics. The New Criticism has tended to divorce criticism from social and moral concerns, which was to become one salient feature of the movement. 6.Imagism: Between 1912 and 1922 there came a great poetry boom in which about 1000 poets published over 1000 volumes of poetry. Indeed ,to express the modern spirit, the sense of fragmentization and dislocation, was in large measure the aim of quite a few modern literary movements, of which Imagism was one.The first Imagist theorist, the English writer T.E.Hulme. Hulme suggests that modern art deals with expression and communication of momentary phases in the poet's mind. The most effective means to express these momentary impressions is through the use of dominant image.It is a literary movement launched American poets early in the 20th century that advocated the use of free verse, common speech patterns, and clear concrete images as a reaction to Victorian sentimentalism. The representatives are Ezra pound, William Carlos Williams and some other poets.
英美概况名词解释
The bill of rights The bill of rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791 .the bill of rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech , the rights to assemble in public places , the rights to own weapons and so on . The great depression The Great Depression was the worst economic slump ever in U.S. history, and one which spread to virtually all of the industrialized world. The depression began in late 1929 and lasted for about a decade. WASP It stands for the white Anglo-Saxon Protestant. it is the dominant group in the US controlling economic assets and political power The civil rights movement The American civil rights movement (1955-1968)refers to the reform movements in the united states aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African American and restoring suffrage in southern states The westward movement American Westward Movement, movement of people from the settled regions of the United States to lands farther west. Between the early 17th and late 19th centuries, Anglo-American peoples and their societies expanded from the Atlantic Coast to the Pacific Coast. George Washington George Washington was one of the founding fathers of the America republic , he was the commander-in –chief of the Continental Army in the war of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first president of the the United States Industrial Revolution in American After independence ,America was principally an agricultural country ,the industrial revolution in England brought many to American industry between 1776 and 1860 , one key development was the introduction of the factory system , A second development was the application of new technologies to industrial tasks ,A fourth development was the emergence of new forms of business organization-the bank and the corporation Three faiths in the US By the 1950s ,the three faiths model of American religion had developed , American were considered to come in three basic varieties : protestant , catholic and Jewish ,in terms of numbers ,the protestants and Jewish are the smallest among the groups Boards of education Boards of education refer to groups of people who make policies for schools at the state and district level ,they also make decision about the school curriculum , teachers standards and certification ,and the overall measurement of student progress Consumer economy an economy driven by consumer spending as a percent of its gross domestic product, as opposed to the other major components of GDP
日本地理概况(全日文)
日本地理概况 日本の位置と面積 第一節位置と国土 日本はアジア大陸の東側に南北3,000ｋｍにわたって、弧状に位置している島国である。日本の東と南西には太平洋があり、アジア大陸と日本の間には、オホ―ツク海と日本海と東中国海がある。 日本は日本海と東中国海を隔てて、中国、韓国、北朝鮮と向い合い、東は広い太平洋を隔てて、アメリカ大陸と相対している。北にはオホ―ツク海を隔てて、ロシアのシベリアがあり、南には太平洋を隔てて、フィリピンやインドネシアなどの国々がある。特に、朝鮮半島とは対馬海峡で、また樺太（サハリン）とは宗谷海峡で接しており、大陸や近隣の島々と極めて近い位置にある。こうした地理的条件は、大陸からの人間や文化の移動を容易にし、日本という国家の形成に大きな役割を果たした。 日本と中国は「一衣帯水」の隣国であり、上海から九州の長崎まで約460海里、台湾省から日本の南西諸島の南端までは、約60海里しか離れていない。 日本は東経約123度（沖縄県の与那国島）から154度（東京都の南鳥島）、北緯約20度半（東京都の沖の鳥島）から45度半（北方領土の択捉島）の間にあり、首都東京は東経140度、北緯36度にある。 日本の国土は本州?北海道?九州?四国の四つの大きな島ほか、散在する4,000弱の島からなっている。これらは日本列島と総称されている。 国土の面積は約37万8,000ｋｍ２である。北海道は本州の北にあり、九州は本州の南西にあって、四国は本州の南にある。その中で、本州の面積が一番大きく、全国面積の61％を占めている。ついで、北海道は22％、九州（沖縄県を含む）は12％、四国は5％をそれぞれ占めている。 日本の国土は、北から北海道、東北、関東、中部、近畿、中国、四国、九州、沖縄の九つの地方に分けられる。これらの地方区分は地形などの自然的特性と地域の産業や歴史的変遷を基礎にして分けられたもので、行政上の地方区分ではない。 行政上では、日本は１都（東京都）、1道（北海道）、2府（大阪府、京都府）、43県に分けられている。東北地方と関東地方には県が十二あり、中部地方には九つの県があり、近畿地方と中国地方には県が十、四国地方には県が四つ、九州地方には県が七つある。沖縄地方は沖縄県一つである。日本の都、道、府、県にはそれぞれ都庁、道庁、府庁、県庁が設けられ、その下に
英国文学名词解释及课后答案
名词解释 Renaissance:The Renaissance indicates a revival of classical (Greek and Roman) arts and sciences in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world. Sonnet: A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter and most often in one of the two rhyme schemes: the Italian(or Petrarchan) or Shakes pearean ( or English ). A sonnet is a 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme and meter .It has two main forms :the shakespearean sonnet and the Italian sonnet. Shakespeare Sonnet: a lyric with three quatrains and one couplet, rhyming ababcdcdefefgg, consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme. A Shakespearean sonnet consists of fourteen lines written in iambic pentameter, in which a pattern of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable is repeated five times. The rhyme scheme in a Shakespearean sonnet is a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g; the last two lines are a rhyming couplet. Enlightenment: the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centries, a progressive intellectual movement, reason (rationality), equality & science (the 18th century) The Age of Enlightenment (also called the Age of Reason) refers to the 18th_ century England.The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement.It celebrated reason (rationality), equality, science and human beings’ ability to perfect themselves and their society and it aimed to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern ,philosophical and artistic ideas. Romanticism: it flourished in literature, philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during most if the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. In it, emotion over reason, spontaneous emotion, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace. Dramatic monologue: A kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in poem. The occasion is a crucial one in the speaker’s life, and the dramatic monologue reveals the speaker’s personality as
美国文学名词解释
Allegory is a narrative that serves as an extended metaphor. Allegories are written in the form of fables, parables, poems, stories, and almost any other style or genre. The main purpose of an allegory is to tell a story that has characters, a setting, as well as other types of symbols, that have both literal and figurative meanings. One well-known example of an allegory is Dante’s The Divine Comedy.In Inferno, Dante is on a pilgrimage to try to understand his own life, but his character also represents every man who is in search of his purpose in the world. Alliteration is a pattern of sound that includes the repetition of consonant sounds. The repetition can be located at the beginning of successive words or inside the words. Poets often use alliteration to audibly represent the action that is taking place. Aside is an actor’s speech, directed to the audience, that is not supposed to be heard by other actors on stage. An aside is usually used to let the audience know what a character is about to do or what he or she is thinking. Asides are important because they increase an audience's involvement in a play by giving them vital information pertaining what is happening, both inside of a character's mind and in the plot of the play. Gothic is a literary style popular during the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th. This style usually portrayed fantastic tales dealing with horror, despair, the grotesque and other “dark” subjects. Gothic literature was named for the apparent influence of the dark gothic architecture of the period on the genre. Also, many of these Gothic tales took places in such “gothic” surroundings. Other times, this story of darkness may occur in a more everyday setting, such as the quaint house where the man goes mad fro m the "beating" of his guilt in Edgar Allan Poe's “The Tell-Tale Heart.”In essence, these stories were romances, largely due to their love of the imaginary over the logical, and were told from many different points of view. CATHARSIS is an emotional discharge that brings about a moral or spiritual renewal or welcome relief from tension and anxiety. According to Aristotle, catharsis is the marking feature and ultimate end of any tragic artistic work. IMAGERY: A common term of variable meaning, imagery includes the "mental pictures" that readers experience with a passage of literature. It signifies all the sensory perceptions referred to in a poem, whether by literal description, allusion, simile, or metaphor. Surrealism is an artistic movement doing away with the restrictions of realism and verisimilitude that might be imposed on an artist. In this movement, the artist sought to do away with conscious control and instead respond to the irrational urges of the subconscious mind. From this results the hallucinatory, bizarre, often nightmarish quality of surrealistic paintings and writings. Sample surrealist writers include Frank O'Hara, John Ashberry, and Franz Kafka.
英美概况名词解释
名词解释： 1.Great Britain: shortened as Britain ,it can be a geographical term ,referring to the island on which England ,Wales and Scotland are situated ,together with numerous smaller islands . 2.The Union Flag :also known as the Union Jack ,it is the national flag of the United Kingdom . 3.God Save the King /Queen : the national anthem of the United Kingdom. https://www.360docs.net/doc/3e18373238.html,ke Poets: English poets at the turn of the 19th century who lived in the Lake District of England and were inspired by it to create romantic works . 5.Domesday Book(土地财产清册)：The written record of a census and survey of English landowners and their property made by order of William the Conqueror in 1085-1086 . 6.Black Death (黑死病)：also known as the Black Plague ,it was a devastating pandemic(流行 的) that first struck European in the mid-14th century . 7.Gunpowder Plot(火药阴谋)：conspiracy of a group of English Catholics to blow up the House of Parliament where King James I was present on 5 November ,1605.The plan was discovered and Guy Frank was caught and burnt alive .In England ,5 November is celebrated with bonfire ,fireworks and the burning of the effigies.(肖像)。 8.The Petition of Right （权利请愿书）：a document produced by the English Parliament in the run-up to the English Civil War .It was addressed to Charles I of England in 1628. 9.T he Hundred Years' War: The Hundred Years’ War refers to the war between Englan d and Franc e that lasted intermittently from 1337 to 1453. The causes o f the war wer e partly territorial and partly economic. ①The territorial causes were related with the possession by the English kings of the large duchy of Aquitaine in France, as the F rench kings grew stronger, the y increasingly coveted this large slice. ②The economic causes were connected with cloth manufacturing towns in Flanders, which were the importer of English wool, but they were loyal to the French king politically. Besides, England's desire to ③s top France from giving aid to Scots and ④a growing sense of nationalism were the other causes.一。 The English's being driven out of France is ①regarded as a blessing for both countrie s. If the English had remained in France, the superior size and wealth of France would h ave ②hindered the development of a separate English national identity, ③while France was hindered so long as a foreign power occupied so much French territory. 10.Constitutional monarchy (君主立宪制):The United Kingdom ,as the name implies, rem ains a monarchy, but one with limited power 11.Social Security (社会保障):The Social Security system is designed to secure a basic st andard of living for people in financial need “from the cradle to the grave”. 12.The church of England :The Church of England ,also called the Anglican Church(英 国国教),is the established or national church in England . 13.Westminster Abbey :a famous church located in London ,where English monarchs are crowded and distinguished English subjects are buried .The Poets’Corner contains th e graves o f great English writer ,includin g Geoffrey Chaucer and Robert Browning.