2020年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案解析
2018年4月自考英语（一）试题
第一部分选择题(共50分)
I. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points，1point for each)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. ______ the sun，the moon looks the biggest object in the sky.
A. Except for
B. Besides
C. Except
D. Other than
2. When they join the work force，their employers and associates alike will soon realize that the behavior of these rude young people is closer to ______ of animals than civilized individuals.
A. those
B. which
C. what
D. that
3. Although there is no doubt that _____ people benefit from heart surgery，critics of our health-care systems point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages.
A. a great deal of
B. a great amount of
C. a great number of
D. the number of
4. If I ______ a little earlier，I would have caught the train.
A. left
B. would leave
C. leave
D. had left
5. _______ their common aim may seem good，people probably do not realize that dieting can do harm to their health.
A. As
B. Though
C. If
D. Since
6. We should be ______ of the views of others，even if we disagree with them.
A. kind
B. considerate
C. tolerant
D. capable
7. Rude people are those whose behavior shows little respect for the rules that the majority _____.
A. have
B. own
C. follow
D. like
8. There is great pleasure in watching wildlife in natural or near-natural environments，and tourism can _____ the income of countries.
A. add to
B. take to
C. keep to
D. see to
9. He helped me and I hope I can do something for him ______.
A. in turn
B. for return
C. by turn
D. in return
10. We can come to the _____ that the more we practice，the more skillful we will be.
A. tradition
B. generation
C. conclusion
D. fact
II. Cloze Test (10 points，1 point for each)
下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
“Family” –the word had different meanings for different people，and even the dictionary gives us several definitions：“a group of people related __11__blood or marriage，” “two adults and their children，” “all those people __12__ from a common ancestor，” “a household，” and so on. Some people think of a family __13__ a mother，a father，and their children；others include grandparents，aunts，uncles，and cousins. For __14__ of us，family means the group of relatives __15 __ far away from home. For others，having a __16__ simply means having children. Some families have long histories，__17__ others know very little about their ancestors. No__18__ if it is young or old，large or small，traditional or modern，every family has a sense of what a family is. It is that feeling of __19__，of love and security __20__ comes from living together，helping and sharing.
11. A. to B. for C. after D. by
12. A. derived B. separated C. distinguished D. descended
13. A. by B. as C. from D. for
14. A. some B. other C. most D. one
15. A. live B. living C. lived D. to live
16. A. parent B. relative C. family D. house
17. A. while B. why C. where D. which
18. A. problem B. thing C. matter D. question
19. A. belong B. belonging C. belonged D. having belonged
20. A. what B. this C. that D. such
III…… Reading Comprehension (30 points，2 points for each)
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
My generation —— the generation that came of age in the 1950s and 1960s —— may be the last one to know the feeling of being surrounded by millions of words that were the products of years of work by authors famous and obscure. For now we are seeing a subtle but unmistakable turning away from such things. The houses of America，I fear，may soon include no room for libraries. The hardcover book —— that symbol of the permanence of thought，the handing down of wisdom from one age to the next —— may be a new addition to our list of endangered species.
I have a friend who runs a bookstore in a Midwestern college town. He has found that he can not sell hardcover books；paperback books are his stock in trade，and even those are a disappointment to him. “You know how we used to see people carrying around book bags？” he tells me. “Well，now I look out of the window of my shop，and all I see are students carrying boxes from the record stores. The students are n‘t reading any more. They’re listening to albums(唱片集)。”
And indeed he may be right. Stories of problems young people have with reading are not new，but the trend seems to be worsening. Recently the president of a university in New York said that 10 percent of the freshmen (大学一年级学生) at this university could read no better than the average eighth grader. There is an even more worrying aspect to it：of those college freshmen whose reading skills were equivalent to the sixth-to-eighth-grade level，the
president reported that many had ranked in the top half of their high-school classes.
21. The underlined word “obscure” (Paragraph 1) most probably means ____.
A. not well-paid
B. not well-made
C. not well-trained
D. not well-known
22. The hardcover book may become an endangered species because _______.
A. hardcover books are scarcer today
B. people are tired of hardcover books
C. the habit of reading books is dying out
D. the permanence of thought is challenged
23. The writer mentions his friend‘s bookstore to show that _______.
A. there is a gradual lack of interest in serious reading
B. there is a subtle increase in the popularity of music
C. hardcover books greatly affect his friend‘s business
D. paperback books are a disappointment to his friend
24. As a result of the worsening trend of turning away from reading ____.
A. many college students enjoy listening to albums
B. students fail to read as well as they are required to
C. many high school students fail to enter universities
D. high-school students have become the best readers
25. The passage is mainly about _______.
A. the changes in people‘s attitude towards reading
B. the troubles encountered by the owner of a bookstore
C. the trend of reading in the 1950s and 1960s
D. the problems that college students have with reading
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The first astronaut (航天员) to walk in space，Leonov，and his companion，Belaiev，began making preparations for the walk as soon as their spaceship was launched. The spaceship was equipped with a double door，which was fitted with a bellows () between the ship and the outside. This made it possible for the astronaut，in his space suit with oxygen supply，to go first from the air-filled ship to the bellows. Then the air was let out of the
bellows，and while the man stepped outside，the air inside the ship remained at normal pressure. If the door had opened directly into space，the air in the ship would have rushed out and been lost when the door opened.
Leonov and Balaiev practiced testing the doors several times after they had begun moving around the earth. When the time came for Leonov to go out，his companion helped him attach the cable that was to keep him from floating away from the ship. Then Leonov entered the bellows，and the door closed behind him. When there was no air left in the bellows，the outer door opened and Leonov could see the blackness of space and the blinding light of the sun.
If the sky appears blue to us on earth，it is because the earth‘s atmosphere ab sorbs a certain number of blue rays of sunlight. Out where there is no air，this phenomenon does not take place. On the earth，our atmosphere spreads light so that，when the sun is up，light seems to be everywhere. However，in the airless outer space，strong lights，such as the sun，exist side by side with a dark similar to the blackest night. The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle (闪烁) in space，as they do from the earth.
26. The spaceship was furnished with a bellows in order to ________.
A. keep air in the ship when its door was opened
B. prevent the spaceship from floating in space
C. make it possible for the astronauts to walk in space
D. provide the astronauts with air under normal pressure
27. Immediately before going out of the spaceship，the astronauts have to ______.
A. check the spaceship doors
B. walk through the bellows
C. attach each other with a cable
D. do some warm-up exercises
28. When he stepped out of the spaceship，Leonov saw ______.
A. black space without light
B. the sun first and then darkness
C. darkness turning into blinding light
D. darkness and light at the same time
29. During the day people can see light everywhere，because when the sun is up ______.
A. it gives off light
B. it absorbs light
C. the earth‘s atmosphere gives off light
D. the earth‘s atmosphere absorbs sunlight
30. In outer space，the absence of air is responsible for ______.
A. the brightness of space
B. the brightness of stars
C. the coexistence of stars and stronger lights
D. the coexistence of brightness and darkness
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Away at medical school，23-year-old Swati enjoyed herself in her new-found freedom. She drank and experimented with drugs. When her grades got worse，her father immediately hired a private eye to investigate her. Before long，her parents had a detailed report. “I was worried，” says Swati‘s mother. “We’re a modern family but still traditional. We worr ied about her reputation (名声) –our reputation.”
More and more Indian parents have begun turning to private detectives (侦探) to follow their children. Indeed，India‘s first MTV generation is taking full advantage of the explosion of parties and bars that have emerged over the past decade as the country has opened up. “We see upper-and middle-class parents increasingly being deceived and cheated by their children，” says Brinda Adige，a researcher at the Child Development Center.
That‘s good news for India’s private-detective industry. So far，there are about 100 firms throughout the nation，mostly in the big cities. Each firm now handles as many as a dozen cases every month. Detective reports don‘t come cheap；$1，000 a week is standard. “It’s a lot in Indi a，” says a detective. “But when I point out what they spend on their child‘s education and marriage，they accept it’s small price to pay to protect their investment.”
The choice is a risky one. Most private detectives warn parents against revealing that they have monitored their children. Some kids find out anyway – either from parents unable
to contain their rage or through the detectives‘ foolishness. “It’s a very dangerous strategy，” says Adige. “It‘s a permanent damage to trust by the parents. There’s no way back once the child knows their parents have paid someone to follow them.”
But it can also be surprisingly effective. Swati began behaving better after she was challenged by her anxious parents.
31. Swati‘s parents hired a private detective bec ause .
A. she drank a lot
B. she used drugs
C. her health was poor
D. her studies suffered
32. We learn from the passage that the children being followed by detectives are mainly from .
A. rich families
B. small families
C. well-known families
D. single-parent families
33. The underlined phrase “their investment” *(Para. 3) refers to the money .
A. they hope to get back from their child‘s school
B. they are going to leave to their child after death
C. they pay for their child‘s education and m arriage
D. they pay a private detective to follow their child
34. Hiring a private detective is a risky strategy in that it can do harm to .
A. the family investment
B. the family relationship
C. the child‘s reputation
D. the child’s happiness
35. The passage is mainly about .
A. a successful approach to dealing with dishonest children
B. a new way of Indian parents to discipline their children
C. why Indian children behave against their parents‘ wishes
D. why hiring a private detective is both risky and effective.
第二部分非选择题材(共50分)
IV. Word Spelling (10 points，1point for two words)
将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。
36. n. 进步p_ _ _ _ _ _ _
37. v. 坚持i_ _ _ _ _
38. adj. 睡着的a_ _ _ _ _
39. n. 镜子m_ _ _ _ _
40. adj. 直接的d_ _ _ _ _
41. v. 提供p_ _ _ _ _ _
42. n. 洪水f_ _ _ _
43. v. 探险e_ _ _ _ _ _
44. n. 压力p_ _ _ _ _ _ _
45. adj. 冷漠的i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
46. n. 话题t_ _ _ _
47. v. 争吵d_ _ _ _ _ _
48. adj. 相像的a_ _ _ _
49. n. 气候c_ _ _ _ _ _
50. adj. 无止境的e_ _ _ _ _ _
51. n. 欧洲人E_ _ _ _ _ _ _
52. n. 享受e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
53. v. 适应a_ _ _ _
54. num. 十四f_ _ _ _ _ _ _
55. adj. 安全的s_ _ _
V. Word Form (10 points，1point for each)
将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空格
56. Americans often protest that the government ________(use) their tax dollars in the wrong way.
57. Curiously enough，sleepwalkers have an unusual way of _______ (avoid) their own traps when they sleepwalk.
58. Experiments have to ________ (make) under carefully controlled conditions.
59. You can build your vocabulary without ________ (use) a dictionary each timel.
60. On the average，males score ________(high) than females on tests that measure mathematical reasoning，mechanical ability，and problem-solving skills.
61. Such programmes could teach the local people how to select trees worth exporting and to cut only those trees down while ______ (leave) the rest.
62. Successful language learners find it easy ________ (practice) using the language
regularly because they want to learn with it.
63. How ______ (surprise) the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during World War II.
64. If he accepts the job，he ________ (get) more money right away.
65. It is reported that there are at least three signs that indicate a person _______ (suffer) from a panic attack rather than a heart attack.
VI. C-E Translation (15 points，3 points for each)
将下列各句译成英语。
66.大西洋有那么多水，很难想象出有多少。
67.科学家们知道极度高温和高压的共同作用把碳(carbon)变成钻石。
68.买东西的人心底里总是暗自希望找到价值高而又便宜的东西。
69.自然环境正在急剧变化的例子不胜枚举。
70.你必须认识到肢体语言与文化密切相连。
VII. E-C Translation (15 points)
将下列短文译成汉语。
71. Organization also makes a difference in our ability to remember. How useful would a library be if the books were kept in random order？Material that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information. One example of organization is chunking. Chunking consists of grouping separate bits of information. For example，the number 4671363 is more easily remembered if it is chunked as 467，13 ，63. Categorizing is another means of organization. Suppose you are asked to remember the following list of words：man，bench，dog，desk，woman，horse，child，cat chair. Many people will group the words into similar categories and remember them as follows：man，woman，child；cat，dog，horse；bench，chair，desk. Needless to say，the second list can be remembered more easily than the first one.
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2014年10月自考《英语（二）》真题（完整试卷）含答案解析 第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B或C）填在答题纸的相应位置上。 The Stranger Who Changed My Life It was a sunny morning in the spring of 1966. I was driving a taxi，looking for a customer. While passing New York Hospital，l found a man running down the hospital steps，waving at me. I stopped. The man reached the taxi and jumped in. “ The Airport，please，“ he said. As always，I wondered about my passenger. Was this man a talker? After a few moments，he started saying，“How do you like driving a taxi?” ‘s i t’ s OK，”I said. “I make a living and meet interesting people sometimes.” “ What do you do?” I asked. “I am a doctor at New York Hospital. ” Many times during long rides，l’d developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them. This time I decided to ask for his help，”Could I ask a favor of you?”He didn't answer. “I have a son，15，a good kid. He wants a job this summer. is it possible that you get one for him?” He still wasn't talking, and I was starting to feel foolish. Finally, he said, “ Well, my students have a summer research project. Maybe he could join in. Have him send me his school record. ” He left his address and paid me. It was the last time I ever saw him. Robbie sent off his grades the next morning. And gradually this incident was forgotten. Two weeks later, when I arrived home from work, Robbie handed me a letter. He was informed to call Dr. Plum for an interview. Robbie got the job. The following summer, Robbie worked at the hospital again, but this time, he was given more responsibility. Then, he worked at the hospital for a third summer and gradually developed a love of medical profession. Near graduating from college, Robbie applied to and was admitted to New York Medical College. After getting his medical degree, Robbie, the son of a taxi driver, became a doctor at Columbia Medical Center. 1. The doctor shouted at the taxi driver for a ride. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. The doctor wanted to go to the railway station by taxi. A. True B. False C. Not Given 3. The taxi driver liked talking with his customers. A. True B. False C. Not Given 4. The taxi driver had two children. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5. The taxi driver became Dr. Plum' s friend. A. True B. False C. Not Given 6. The doctor wrote a recommendation letter for Robbie. A. True B. False C. Not Given 7. Robbie joined in a summer research project.
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2018年4月自考 英语(一) 试题
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2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to