2015高考英语阅读和短文改错能力练习题及析-(3)
2015高考英语阅读和短文改错能力练习题及析（3）
完形填空
Did you hear the sports story that came out of Greece a few years ago? No, it wasn’t from the country that started the Olympics, 1 it has an Olympic quality. The story came out of Greece, New York, and it was about Jason McElwain, a 17-year-old autistic(自闭的)kid, and Jim Johnson, a high school basketball 2 .
Jason, who didn’t speak until he was five and always 3 with learning challenges, was 4 for a basketball player, only five foot six. In fact, he never 5 the team. He was the team manager, who kept statistics and handed out water bottles.
But Coach Johnson 6 Jason’s enthusiasm for the game and his unselfish dedication to the team. So he decided if the score 7 , he might let him 8 a few minutes. Word got around and a group of students came to the game with signs 9 his nickname, “J-Mac”, and cut-outs of his face placed on popsicle(冰棒)sticks.
When Jason was put into the game with four minutes left, they 10 wildly hoping that he might even 11 a basket. In Hollywood, he would have done just that, and his teammates would have 12 him off on their shoulders. But in the 13 world of Greece, New York, Jason took a 14 and missed by about six feet. His supporters 15 and the coach worried that he may have set this young man up for 16 .
But J-Mac 17 another shot, and another, and another. 18 he took 10 shots, and scored 20 points in his four minutes of 19 .
And, yes, he was carried off on the shoulders of his teammates. And it was the career high point in the life of a coach who just gave a good kid a(n) 20 .
【文章大意】一位教练给了一个孩子一次机会, 从而创造了一个奇迹。
1. A. if B. though C. since D. for 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。这个故事并非来自奥运会诞生的那个国家, 虽然它具有奥林匹克的特征。这个故事来自纽约的一个小镇——Greece。
2. A. star B. game C. coach D. play
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。由下文可知, 本文讲述的是一个男孩和一位中学篮球教练的故事。
3. A. began B. went C. listened D. struggled
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。由上文的autistic以及“他五岁才说话”的事实, 我们可以推断出Jason学习有障碍。struggle with“斗争, 抗争”, 符合语境。
4. A. short B. big C. good D. ready
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据后面的only five foot six可知他太矮了, 所以不适合打篮球。
5. A. gathered B. organized C. supported D. made
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由下文的He was the team manager, who kept statistics and handed out water bottles. 可知Ja son实际上并没有成为真正的球员, 而只是做一些计分、分发水壶之类的事情。make the team加入团队。
6. A. showed B. liked C. developed D. lost
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。虽然Jason并不是真正的球员, 但教练很欣赏他对篮球的热情以及他对球队无私的奉献。
7. A. decreased B. changed C. mattered D. permitted
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。所以他想如果赛场上比分允许的话, 他会让Jason打一会儿球。
8. A. train B. rest C. play D. direct 【解析】选C。词语辨析题。教练很感动, 所以他想如果赛场上比分允许的话, 他会让Jason 打一会儿球。
9. A. giving B. bearing C. calling D. keeping
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。bear此处的意思是“显示, 带有”。signs bearing his nickname 写着他的绰号的招牌。
10. A. blamed B. laughed C. ran D. cheered
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。比赛还有四分钟就要结束的时候, Jason上场了。大家欢呼着, 希望他能投篮成功。
11. A. score B. find C. fill D. hang
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。score此处用作动词, 意思是“得分”。
12. A. cut B. carried C. put D. knocked
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。如果是在好莱坞电影中, Jason很有可能在最后关头投篮成功, 队员们也会把他高高举过肩头。carry sb. off on sb. ’s shoulder将某人举过肩头。
13. A. real B. modern C. whole D. natural
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。但是, 在真实的世界里, Jason投篮未中。此处将现实与虚幻进行了对比。
14. A. shot B. seat C. look D. step
【解析】选A。固定搭配题。take a shot投篮; 下文“he took 10 shots”也有提示。
15. A. nodded B. broke C. agreed D. complained 【解析】选D。前后照应题。Jason投篮未中, 他的支持者开始抱怨。missed, worried是关键信息。
16. A. fame B. embarrassment C. courage D. achievement
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。Jason投篮未中, 观众开始抱怨。此时, 教练开始怀疑自己的做法是否正确。他担心他把Jason置于尴尬的境地。
17. A. took B. heard C. got D. fired
【解析】选A。词汇复现题。与上一段“Jason took a”和下文“he took 10 shots”呼应。
18. A. In fact B. In turn C. However D. Meanwhile
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。Jason一次次地投篮。事实上, 他投了十次篮。in fact用来作进一步的解释说明。
19. A. sorrow B. joy C. glory D. guilt
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。Jason在四分钟内得了20分。此处选glory突出他的成绩非凡。
20. A. lesson B. chance C. prize D. award
【解析】选B。前后照应题。本文讲的是一位教练给了一个孩子一次机会, 从而创造了一个奇迹。
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2013·天津，C)
Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路)in life than by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.
For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents' home in Boise in nine hours. We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hates confinement(限制)and have strong opinions about everything.
Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, stopping only when I had to. We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.
But then Banner, our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise. I had two choices: leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me. My husband made the decision for me.
That is how I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through. We took the country roads out of necessity. We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed him. The kids chased him and one another. They'd get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.
We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waisthigh grass. Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. Here was life. And new horizons(见识)．
We eventually arrived at my parents' doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.
I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique. On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead. I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.
Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey—and the best part of yourself.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，因为旅途中要照料刚出生的小羊羔，所以作者不得不选择绕行路，作者发现绕行路增添了生活的快乐。
16．Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents' home?
A．It was less tiring.
B．It would be faster and safer.
C．Her kids would feel less confined.
D．She felt better with other drivers nearby.
答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段第二句话，“我们走大部分人会走的路：最快、最短、最安全”，故选B项。
17．The author stopped regularly on the country roads to ______.
A．relax in the fresh air
B．take a deep breath
C．take care of the lamb
D．let the kids play with Banner
答案：C 细节理解题。由第五段第三句话，“我们不得不每个小时停下来，让班纳舒展一下腿，喂喂它”，即照料一下小羊羔。
18．What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?
A．Freeways are where beauty hides.
B．Getting close to nature adds to the joy of life.
C．Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one's health.
D．One should follow side roads to watch wild animals.
答案：B 细节理解题。由Here was life. And new horizons.可知这次旅行作者的发现：这才是生活，以及新见识。通过旅行中亲近大自然作者体验到了生活的乐趣。故选B项。19．Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home? A．To give herself some time to read.
B．To order some food for them.
C．To play a game with them.
D．To let them cool down.
答案：D 推理判断题。由第八段第二三句话，“每个人开始争吵，我停下车命令他们下车到前面等我”，可以推断出：我让孩子们下车是为了让孩子们停止争吵冷静下来。故选D项。20．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Charm of the Detour.
B．The Road to Bravery.
C．Creativity out of Necessity.
D．Road Trip and Country Life.
答案：A 主旨大意题。文章开头点题与结尾的结论都提到了绕行路会揭示旅行的快乐，所以标题应是A项，绕行路的魅力。
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the long discussion of water on the Moon, a new study contradicts (与……相矛盾) some recent reports that say the Moon had water at the time of its formation.
A group of researchers reports in the journal Science that when the Moon was created, some 4. 5 billion years ago, there was not much hydrogen (氢气) on it, and therefore no water.
The researchers surveyed and evaluated this by analyzing chlorine isotopes found in lunar rock samples from Apollo missions. The range of chlorine (氯) isotopes in lunar samples was 25 times that found in samples from Earth.
“If the Moon had significant levels of hydrogen, as Earth did, thi s range would have been far less,” said Zachary D. Sharp, a scientist in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and the study’s lead author.
“The chlorine would have stuck together with hydrogen, forming compounds like hydrogen chloride, and esca ped from the Moon’s surface,”he said. The abundance of chlorine indicates a lack of hydrogen and water.
“The amount of water on the Moon was way too low for life to have ever have possibly have existed there,” he said.
Most scientists believe the Moon was formed when a large object struck Earth, breaking off a chunk (a vast piece) that has since orbited Earth.
On Earth, goes one theory, water was released as steam from molten basalts (玄武岩) over time, eventually forming bodies of water.
“An understanding of whether the Moon was dry or wet will help us understand how water appeared on Earth,” Dr. Sharp said.
1. A new study indicates that on the moon.
A. there is plenty of water
B. water is unlikely to exist
C. water existed in the past
D. there is a little water now
2. The author would like to tell us through the sixth paragraph.
A. why there is no water on the Moon
B. how the Moon was formed
C. when the Earth struck the Moon
D. where the Moon orbited
3. What does the underlined wo rd “this” stand for in the second paragraph?
A. Neither hydrogen nor water on the Moon.
B. Too much chlorine isotopes on the Moon.
C. Not being much hydrogen, no water on the Moon.
D. More chlorine exists on the Moon than Earth.
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Zachary D. Sharp, a scientist of New Mexico was in charge of the new study.
B. Chlorine isotopes are 25 times in lunar larger than Earth.
C. The more abundant chloride, the shorter hydrogen and water.
D. The new study is beneficial to understand how water appeared on Earth.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. There are enough water on the Earth.
B. Hydrogen chloride easily escaped from the Moon’s surface.
C. The Earth had significant levels of hydrogen.
D. Water on the Earth is directly from molten basalts.
【参考答案】1—4、BBCBC
短文改错
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误.对标题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边的横线上划（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
One day I happened to find a chatting room on 76．
my QQ, there people were chatting in English. I tried 77．
to chat with some of them . To my surprised, I found 78．
the oral English of some junior students were better 79．
than me . I asked them for advice and they told me 80．
to practise more on QQ. But every day after that I 81．
would spend one hour practise my oral English on QQ. 82．
Day by day I learned from many useful words and 83．
expressions . With time went by , I found that I could 84．
even communicate some college students freely . 85．
【参考答案】
76．√ 77. there→ where 78. surprised→ surprise 79. were→ was 80. me→ mine 81. But→ So/And
82. practise—practising 83. 删除from”
84. As→With or went→ going 85. communicate∧with
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