上海外国语大学2018年考博二外英语试题分析
上海外国语大学2018年考博二外英语试题分析针对本专业为外语，考博二外为英语的考博英语试卷，华慧考博英语研究中心以上海外国语大学2018年二外英语试题为例，研究了其各个题型的出题特点及出题来源。
上海外国语大学考博英语的五个题型各具特点，下面将对各个题型的命题情况进行详细分析及说明。（一）语法与词汇
上海外国语大学的考博英语语法词汇题的题量为30题，语法和词汇各占15分，总分值为30%。词汇部分主要考查四个方面：词义辨析、动词词组、固定搭配。其中，词义辨析8题，动词词组3题，固定搭配4题。语法的具体考查情况见表1-1。
表1-1 上海外国语大学语法考查点
通过表1-1可知，上海外国语大学的考博英语语法考查重点集中在时态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、倒装句式、反意疑问句等，其中“其他”项还考查了倍数表达、情态动词、特殊句式、形容词词序等语法知识，较为细致且全面。因此，考生们在复习备考时，除了掌握词汇的基本意思外，还需掌握其常见搭配及固定用法（例如："sounds like" 的常见搭或者时态表达等)。此外，我们还需具备扎实的语法功底，透彻理解语法知识点，这在之后的完型、阅读、翻译和写作模块里都有考查。
本套试题中的词汇语法题存在一定的难度区间，试题部分选自英语专业四级真题及模拟题。因此，从这一角度来看，考生在备考这部分题型时，可在夯实语法基础的前提下，补充“学习资料二”中的考博英语常考词组，进行有针对性地练习。
（二）完形填空
上海外国语大学的考博英语完形填空题（有选项）的篇幅在250词左右，题量为20题，分值为20%。设空的平均间距在10-12词之间，直接根据语法和固定搭配就能选出答案的题目较少，主要考查考生对上下文语境的理解。每小题给出的四个选项一般都属于同一词类且同一范畴，干扰项也多半可以和空前或空后的词语构成搭配，从而起到一定的干扰和迷惑作用。选项设置以实词为主，即名词、动词、形容词和副词等，以虚词为辅，即连词、介词等。
作为众多高校博士生入学考试的必考题型之一，完型填空要求考生能够领悟一篇有空缺的文章的语篇大意，根据已学知识，整体理解，通篇考虑，推导“未知”内容。它既可以在篇目中考查考生的语法词汇知识，又可以考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力，如词义辨析、词语搭配、习惯用法，同时它还要求考生必须具备良好的把握上下文行文逻辑和篇章结构的能力。
针对这一模块的备考，考生可在学习华慧教育“华慧考博英语完型强化提高课程”的基础上，结合《华慧考博英语完形专项》进行练习。
（三）阅读理解
阅读理解在上海外国语大学考博二外英语客观题中所占分值并不高，文章篇数为2篇，共10题，分值为10%。阅读试题主要选自英语专业四级和大学英语六级考试真题或模拟题，难度适中，生僻词较少，内容专业性不强，多为社会生活类及经济文化类。阅读题目一般分为五大类型：细节事实题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词汇题和观点态度题。
上海外国语大学的考博英语阅读理解考查最多的是推理判断题，其次是细节事实题，此外每篇阅读必含一个词汇题，另有一题考查主旨大意或作者的观点态度。这就要求我们考生不仅要读懂文章的表面意思，更要了解语言的深层含义，同时在做题时一定要足够细心一面掉入出题者布置的陷阱中。
虽然分值不高，但考生依旧不能忽视这一题型的训练（毕竟能多抓一分是一分！），阅读理解的重要性并不体现在分值上，而在于阅读能力与其他专项能力之间的相互作用。通过阅读训练，考生一方面能够形成全局观，在做完形填空题时更好地理解上下文的语境和逻辑关联；另一方面能够锻炼考生对长难句的信息拆解能力，同时积累许多闪光词汇及句式促进翻译及写作能力的提高。
对于这一模块的备考，考生可学习华慧教育“华慧考博英语阅读强化提高课程”中针对每一题型的解题技巧，结合《华慧考博英语阅读理解220篇》（上、下册）进行练习，该书收录的文章来源于四、六级真题、专四与专八真题、各大院校考博真题以及部分托福、GRE试题等，编排上设置了难度梯度，文章后都附有答案解析，大多附有长难句剖析，部分提供全文翻译，供考生参考。
（四）翻译
上海外国语大学的考博英语翻译占试题分值的20%。该题旨在考查考生的英语逻辑思维能力以及对英语表达方式的熟练程度，对考生的语法词汇知识有较高要求。本套试题原文节选自广东外语外贸大学2017年翻译硕士考研真题，属于人文类话题，考生在理解上不会有太大困难，但要注意原文中的固定搭配，最终想用适当的中文表达出来还需在备考过程中多加练习。
考生在备考时，需认真学习华慧教育的“华慧考博英语翻译强化提高班”中的语法及英译汉课程，再结合《华慧考博英语翻译专项》中的其他院校历年院校真题动笔练习，在练习中熟练掌握翻译的基本技巧，结合理论与实践，从而提高自身翻译水平。
（五）写作
上海外国语大学的写作部分占20分，近几年的考察题型都是命题作文，即要求考生根据题目要求完成一篇不少于200字左右的议论文，内容充实，结构完整并无重大语言错误，目的是测试考生运用英语表达思想或传递信息的能力及对英文写作基础知识的实际运用。
建议考生在备考过程中，多练习写作，在学习华慧教育“华慧考博英语写作课程”的前提下，还可以背诵《华慧考博英语写作专项》一书上的范文，进一步将好的句式内化为自己的表达。除此之外，还应保证每周至少一篇作文的训练量直至考前。
结束语
结合以上分析，上海外国语大学的二外英语考博试题难度大致在六级和专四左右，对语法及词汇基础知识要求较高，考生需有针对性地勤加练习，尤其是客观题部分要尽量保证高分。
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第二组 come round(around)来访，前来;苏醒，复原come through经历，脱险 come up走近，上来;发生，被提出 cross out删去，取消 cut back削减，减少 cut down削减，降低 cut in(汽车)抢道;插嘴，打断 cut off切断;删去;停止 cut out删除 cut short突然停止 die down渐渐消失，平息 die out消失，灭绝 draw in(火车、汽车)到站 draw up写上，画上;草拟;停住 dress up穿上盛装，打扮得很漂亮 drop by/in顺便来访 dry out干透，使干 dry up干涸，枯竭 第三组 drop off减弱，减少 drop out退出，离队 fall behind落后 fall out争吵;结果是
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复旦大学考博英语词汇真题模拟 根据复旦大学考博英语考试大纲规定，除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生产的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。 一、根据复旦大学考博英语考试大纲规定，每年词汇题共30小题，每小题0.5分，共15分。 预计测试时间(25分钟) 1. Language， culture and personality may be considered of each other in thought， but they are inseparable in fact. [ A ] indistinctly [ B ] separately [ C ] irrelevantly [ D ] independently 2. Shortage of land and funding are blamed for the city‘s green space. [ A ] inefficient [ B ] inaccurate [ C ] inadequate [ D ] indispensable 3. It is well known that knowledge is the __ condition for expansion of mind. [ A ] incompatible [ B ] incredible [ C ] indefinite [ D ] indispensable 4. Although sports __ the household， Joe drew the line when they interfered with family tradi-tions and routine. [ A ] overwhelmed [ B ] affected [ C ] dominated [ D ] influenced 5. Once you have made your point clear at the __ of the essay， you must then proceed to con-vince readers about the position you have taken. [ A ] departure [ B ] outset [ C ] concentration [ D ] initiation 6. These excursions will give you an even deeper __ into our language and culture. [ A ] inquiry [ B ] investigation [ C ] input [ D ] insight 7. The novel contains some marvelously revealing __ of factory life. [ A ] glimpses [ B ] glances [ C ] shots [ D ] insights 8. Changing from solid to liquid， water takes in heat from all substances near it， and this produces artificial cold surrounding it. [ A ] absorption [ B ] transition [ C ] consumption [ D ] interaction （ＰＳ：The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL：四零零 六六八 六九七八） 9. One way for writers to support a point is through ， that is， by means of several examples to back up an idea. [ A ] illustration [ B ] demonstration
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