外研社英语必修1&必修2语法总结(精华版)
关于用法，两条黄金原则：a. 非谓语动词不作谓语。
b. 过去分词（done）没有名词性功能（不作主语、宾语）。
（这两本书中主要考查了to do, doing作宾语，doing, done作定语、状语）1.to do, doing 作宾语
（1）后面跟to do 作宾语的动词
hope, agree, dare, decide, determine｜｜begin, start, refuse,
prepare,offer｜｜manage,try, aim, forget, remember \choose｜｜seem,
pretend, learn, love, hate
(可记：希望同意敢决定，开始拒绝备提供，设法瞄准忘记选，似乎假装学爱憎。)
e.g. We agreed _ to meet _ here but so far she hasn’t turned up ye t.
She pretended _ not to see _me when I passed by. (全国卷)
（2）后面跟doing作宾语的动词
give up, enjoy, regret // insist on, practise , finish // put off, avoid , mind （可记：“放弃”“享受”可“后悔”，“坚持”“练习”必“完成”，“延期”“避免”非“介意”动名介宾不能忘掌握它们你必明。）
e.g. Would you mind waiting a few minutes？
They are looking forward to Mary’s coming
2.doing & done 作定语
（何为定语？“定”------“界定、限定”，也就是修饰限定名词的，名词在句子中作主语宾语，所以定语修饰主语或宾语）
（还记得吗？作定语时，单个的分词放在所修饰的名词前；若是分词短语则要放在所修饰的名词之后）
e.g．running water
Do you know the three children walking towards us
broken heart/ The heart broken by him is dead.
3.doing & done 作状语
（何为状语来？“状”------“状况”，也就是说明动作发生的状况，例如动作发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、条件、造成的结果等。也就是在句子中修饰谓语动词）
（还记得吗？现在分词作状语有“一个中心，两个基本点”。一个中心：句子前后的逻辑主语要一致。两个基本点是：一般式&完成式。看笔记。）
e.g. Walking in the street, I came across an old friend. (为什么用现在式，会分析吗)
Having finished the homework, he went home. (为什么用完成式，会分析吗)
注意：1）无论作什么成分，to do 一般表示将来，doing表示主动进行，done表示被动完成。
2）分词作定语和状语的时候可以转化成相应的从句（因为他们都是从句转化来的）：
例如上面例句：Do you know the three children walking towards us （会转化成定语从句吗）
Walking in the street, I came across an old friend. （会转化成状语从句吗？试试看）
3）分词作定语和状语要学会跟with的复合结构联系起来。（自己看看笔记）（二）“帽子词”冠词
“冠”者、“帽子”也，冠词也就是“帽子词”。到底是谁的帽子呢？是名词的帽子！也就是说冠词永远放在名词的前面，不能单独使用。在考试过程中，经常会考查定冠词和零冠词（不用冠词的地方）的用法。
1.定冠词的常考用法
（1）. 表示世界上独一无二的东西
the sun, the earth, the capital, the sky, the universe
(2) . 用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派等专有名词前以及江、河、湖、海、山川、群岛的名词前。
the United States, the Communist Party of China, the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, (3). 用在序数词、形容词最高级前。
the second story, the largest room, the third longest river
（4）用在方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组或习惯语中。
on the left, in the east / west, in the morning, on the other hand, in the end （5）. 用在形容词或分词前表示一类人。
the poor / rich / dying / young / living / wounded
(6). 在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二人。
The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table
（7）. 弹奏国外乐器时，乐器名词前
Do you like to play the piano or the violin?
2.零冠词的用法
（1）. 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前
China , America, John,
Air is a matter.
Failure is the mother of success.
（2）. 季节、月份、星期、节日、一日三餐名称前
spring, summer, autumn / fall, winter, Sunday, October, National Day
（3）表示头衔的名词作表语、宾语补足语及同位语时
He was made monitor.
George W. Bush is president of the USA.
（4）. 学科名词，球类、棋类名词前
Do you study mathematics?
He likes playing football / chess.
（5）. 在与by连用的交通工具名称前
by car( bus, train, water, air, land)
（三）形容词&副词（语言的美化师）
Ⅰ形容词
1.倍数的表达法: ①主语+be+倍数+as+形容词/副词+ as
②主语+be+倍数+比较级+than
③主语+be+倍数+the+名词(size, width, length, height, depth…)+of
e.g. My room is three times as big as his.=My room is three times the size of his.=My room is three times bigger than his.
2. 比较级+and+比较级(“越来越……”)
e.g. He became taller and taller.
3. the+比较级+... , the+比较级+... (“越……越……”)
e.g. 1) The sooner, the better. 越快越好。
Ⅱ副词的用法
1. 定义: 副词（adverb，简写为adv）是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。
2. 分类
1) 时间副词: now, then, soon, today, sometimes, yesterday, tomorrow, ago等。
e.g. We are leaving for Beijing soon. （注意位置）
2) 频度副词: often, always, usually, never, ever, seldom, rarely, frequently, occasionally等。
e.g. He seldom goes to the cinema.
He had never been there before.
（否定副词位于句首呢？试着变化一下）
3) 程度副词: quite, so, little, much, very, rather, almost, nearly等。
e.g. He quite likes pop music.
（五）状语从句
（回忆1：从句=引导词+句子；XX从句就是“跟班句子”在大家庭里面起到XX作用。（认真看笔记，自己弄明白）
（回忆2：老师说过，考查从句主要考查什么来？）
状语从句，当然就是跟班句子在另一个大句子里面作状语。课本中主要讲解了时间状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句.
Ⅰ时间状语从句
引导词有哪几类，还记得吗？
①when, while, as (学会区分辨别)
②as soon as, the moment, hardly…when, no sooner…than (还记后两个怎么用吗？)
③before，after（before 往往翻译成什么？）
④by the time (注意前后时态对应)
e.g. By the time they get here, we'll have finished the work. (此时主句还可用将来时，还记得吗)
By the time we got there, the movie had begun .
Ⅱ原因状语从句（动作发生的原因）
引导词主要学习了哪几个？会区分吗？（看笔记）
Because, as, since, for, now that (for 跟其它几个有什么不同---for虽然表原因，但引导的并不是原因状语从句，因为它是并列连词)
Ⅲ目的状语从句（动作的目的）
引导词：so as to, in order to ,so that
E.g. I worked hard so as to I can pass the exam.
Ⅳ结果状语从句（动作造成的结果）
引导词：so ….that; such…that “如此。。。以至于”
e.g. I worked so hard that I passed the exam.
注意：（1）为什么so 后面要跟形容词、副词呢？such后要跟名次呢？（还记得吗，看笔记）
（2）so 和such谓语句首的话呢？（半倒装，注意与前面所有半倒装的联系起来）
So hard did I work that I passed the exam.
预祝同学们取得好成绩！
Good Luck to All of You!
外研版高一英语必修一重点总结
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初中英语语法知识点总结
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外研社高一英语必修一unit1
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初二英语语法总结大全
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busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest （5）其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。 beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily （6）有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
必修二课文及翻译
必修二 Unit 1 In search of the amber room Frederick William I, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown color like honey. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the c ountry’s best artists about ten years to make. In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for the palace of Fredrick I. However, the next King of Prussia, Fredrick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar’s winter palace in St Petersburg. About four meters long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. Almost six hundred candles lit the room, and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing. In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg. This was a time when the two countries were at war. Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. However, some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself. In less than two days 100000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at a time a German city on the Baltic Sea. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace. By studying old photos of the former Amber room, they have made the new one look like the old one. In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city. 寻找琥珀屋 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有一段令人惊讶的历史。这件礼物就是琥珀屋, 它之所以叫这个名字,是因为建造这间房子用了好几吨琥珀,被选择的琥珀色彩艳丽, 呈黄褐色像蜜一样。屋子的设计采用当时流行的奇特风格。琥珀屋也是用金银珠宝装饰的珍品，这花费了全国最优秀的艺术家大约十年的时间才完成。 事实上, 琥珀屋并不是作为礼物而建造的。它是为腓烈特一世的宫殿而建造。然而,下一位普鲁士国王,腓烈特·威廉一世, 这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不再保留它了。1716年, 他把它送给了彼得大帝。作为回馈, 沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。所以, 琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡东宫的一部分。琥珀屋长约4米, 被用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。 后来、叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外避暑的宫殿中。她让艺术家们给它增添了更多的装饰。1770年,这间琥珀屋按她要求的方式完工了。将近600支蜡烛照亮了这个房间,里面的镜子和图画就像金子一样闪闪发光。不幸的是,虽然琥珀屋被认为是世界奇迹之一,可是现在它却消失了。
人教版高一英语必修二Unit 1课文翻译
人教版高一英语必修二Unit 1课文翻译 Unit 1 Cultural relics Reading IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM 寻找琥珀屋 Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . 这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . 选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . 琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . 它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。 In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . 事实上，这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. 它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿设计(制作)的。However, the next King
人教版高中英语【必修二】[语法讲解
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 ）巩固练习 重点题型（ 常考知识点 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up.他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods,where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman,)was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that 关系副词：when,where,why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1.This is our school.It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2.This is our school.W e study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3.Do you know the r oom?It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news. →I have r ead the newsp aper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格。 1.A plane is a machine t hat can fly. the machine=that 2.The boy who brok e the window is called Wangkai. the boy=who 3.The boy whose p arents are working outside was b r oug ht up by his grandfather. the boy’s=whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
外研版高一英语必修一
一小测验 Ⅰ.课标单词 1. __________ adj. 热心的，热情的→enthusiasm n. 热心；热情 2. __________ adj. 令人惊异的→ _______ v. 使吃惊→ ________ adj. 感到吃惊的→ amazement n. 惊愕，惊异 3. __________ n. 信息→ inform v t. 通知，告知 4. __________ n. 指示，用法说明→ instruct v. 教导，命令，指示 5. _________ adj. 令人厌烦的→ _______ adj. (对某人/事物)厌倦的，烦闷的→ ______ vt. 使厌烦 6. ___________ adj. 尴尬的，难堪的→ __________ v. 使困窘，使局促不安→ _____________ adj. 令人为难的→ embarrassment n. 窘迫；为难 7. __________ n. 行为，举止→behave v. 举动，举止 8. __________ n. 描述；形容；描写→ describe vt. 描写，记述 9. _______ vt. 使(人)印象深刻；使铭记→ __________ n. 印象，感想→ impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 10. __________ n．纠正，改正→correct adj.正确的→ _______ v．改正，纠正，批改 11. __________ v. 鼓励，激励→ __________ adj. 鼓舞人心的→ ___________ adj. 受到鼓舞的，更有信心的→ encouragement n. 鼓励，奖励 12．enjoyment n. 享受，乐趣→ _______ v. 享受，喜欢→ ________ adj. 令人愉快的，有乐趣的 13．fluency n. 流利，流畅→ _______ adj. 流利的，流畅的 14. _____________ adj. 失望的→ ______________ adj. 使人失望的，令人失望的→ disappoint vt. 使失望→ _____________ n. 失望 15. _________ n. 助手，助理→ assist v．帮助 Ⅱ.常用短语 1．____________________________________与……相似 2．____________________________________某人对(做)某事的态度 3．____________________________________离……远，远非 4．____________________________________一点不像，与……完全不同 5．____________________________________玩得很开心 6．____________________________________起初，一开始 7．____________________________________换句话说 8．____________________________________期待；盼望 9．____________________________________对……印象深刻 10．____________________________________在……开始的时候 11．____________________________________在……结束的时候 12．____________________________________被(划)分成…… 13．____________________________________参加
初中英语语法大全(总结篇)
资料收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名
英语必修二课文原文
人教版新课标必修2u n i t1课文原文和翻译w o r d格式 IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION What is a fact Is it something that people believe No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some peo ple may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. 人教版新课标必修2 unit2 课文原文word格式 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.
人教版高中英语必修二所有语法练习题汇总(含答案)-教师版
必修二Unit1 限定性和非限定性定语从句 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.Tom won the first prize, _______ everybody knows. 2.Yesterday I met Ling Ping, _______ seemed to be very busy. 3.Our teacher, ________ wife is a nurse, is very strict with us. 4._______ is known to us all, Taiwan is part of China. 5.He lost my bike, ______ made me unhappy. 6.I don’t know the reason ______ he was late for the class. 7.The house ______ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 8.The reason, ______ he looks unhappy today, is unknown to us. 9.He left his hometown in 1992, _____ he was only 12 years old. 10.Is this factory the one _______ a lot of students visited yesterday? 11.W atch out! Don’t get close to the building _____ walls are being painted. 12.T he famous actor became successful, _______ began to appear on the stage to make a living at the age of 8. 13.I s this the magazine _______ she often writes articles? ---- Yes, it is. 14.U ntil now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _______ is quite unexpected. 15.H e was educated at a famous university, after _______ he went abroad and settled there. 16.______is known to us all, April 14, 2010 was the day _____ Yushu earthquake happened. 17.S oon children in the camp had many friends, _______ they shared food, stories and projects. 高考真题: 1.（2017北京）The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be