人教版高中英语必修5Unit2词汇句型语法知识点详解

Unit 2 The United Kingdom

Part 1. Warming up

this quiz and find out how much you know about the UK.

be known as…作为…而出名

be known for…因。。。而出名

Kate is well-known as a poet, but nor for speeches.

2. How many countries does the UK consist of

consist vi.组成；在于；一致

】

consist with...与……一致be consistent with...与……一致

运用完成句子

(1)这个俱乐部由大约50 名会员组成。

This club ____________ about 50 members.

(2)理论应与实践相一致。

Theory should ______________________________ practice.

(3)这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。

The beauty of the plan _______________ its simplicity

。

(4)你的行为和你所说的不一致。

Your conduct is not _______________ what you say.

consists of consist with/be consistent with

consists in consistent with

3. Who rules the UK..

rule （1）v.统治，管辖；控制，支配；判定，裁定

rule(over) sb./sth. 统治者

Alexandria ruled(over)a large empire.亚历山大大帝统治着一个庞大的帝国。

~

Don’t let the desire for money rule your life.不要让追求金钱的欲望控制了你的生活。He lets his heart rule his head. 他感情用事。

It is up to the court to rule on this matter.这件事由法院来裁定。

（2）n. (官方的或公认的)规则，章程，规章，条例

It’s against the rule to handle the ball in football.用手触球在足球比赛中是违反规则的。Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending

1. England can be divided into three main areas.

divide...into 把……分成

·

divide sth.(out/up) between/among sb.把某物分配给某人

divide A by B A 除以B

辨析divide...into/separate...from

(1)divide...into 是把一个整体分割成若干部分。

(2)separate...from separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的人或物分离开来，常与from连用。

运用完成句子

(1)我们分成几个小组吧。

Let's ________________________ several groups.

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(2)孩子们，你们把这个蛋糕分了吃吧。

Children, ________ the cake up between/among you.

(3)如果你把二十除以四，那么商是五。

If you ________ 20 ________ 4, the answer is 5.

(4)台湾海峡把台湾岛和福建省分隔开。

The Taiwan Strait _____________ Taiwan Island _________Fujian Province.

divide ourselves into divide divide y separates from

2. You can clarify this question if you study British history.如果你学习了英国历史,就能弄清楚这个问题。

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词语归纳

clarify vt.阐明; 解释vi.变得清晰

clarification (n.)阐明，解释，澄清

clarify one’s position/stand 澄清某人的立场

when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.

这是“find ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构。有此用法的还有keep。find + 宾语+

过去分词/现在分词/副词/介词短语/形容词/名词

We found a group of children playing on the playground. (doing作宾补)

?

We have found him a dishonest person. (名词作宾补)

I'm so glad to find you in. (副词作宾补)

We found the shop closed.(done作宾补)

根据中文提示完成句子

(1) I found ___________(钱包被偷了) when I got to the cinema.

(2) When the little boy woke up, he found ________(自己躺在医院里)．

my wallet stolen

himself lying in the hospital

~

this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.高兴的是当苏格兰的James国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地实现了联合。

,the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而，爱尔兰南部并不愿意,因此脱离出去建立了自己的政府。

◆词语归纳

break away from 逃脱，摆脱，破除，改掉

break down 崩溃，身体垮了，（计划）失败，（机器等）坏了

break into 强行闯入

break in 插话

break up 破碎,破裂,（会议）结束，学期结束

…

break off中断,断绝

break out爆发，突然发生

用break短语的适当形式填空

The poor man was so unlucky. A month ago, some strangers (1)_________ his house and took him onto a truck. He didn't know who they were and where they would go. All the connection with his family was(2) _________. After some days' drive, the truck suddenly (3)___________. And he caught the chance to (4)___________________ the strangers.

broke into broken off broke down break away from

their credit the four countries do work together in some areas currency and international relations),..值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系上，……

do/did/does + 动词原形结构用来加强谓语动词的语气，相当于“的确；真的；务必”

Do come early next time.

"

He did go there with his brother yesterday.

即时强化练习：

翻译下面句子

1)务必记住带一束花来。

.

【答案】Do remember to bring a bunch of flowers.

2) 那药对病人真的有效果。

.

？

【答案】The medicine does have some effect on the patient.

短语

to one's credit 值得表扬的是

on credit 赊购；赊账

do someone credit (或do credit to someone) 为某人增光；给某人带来荣誉

The work did credit to all of us.那项工作为我们所有人带来荣誉。

根据语境猜词义

(1) Do you place any credit in the government's story

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(2) He hasn't enough credits to get his degree.

(3) They established a credit for 100, 000 dollars in favour of me.

(4) Although the invention was mine, I was given no credit for it.

A. 信任

B. 借款；贷款

C. 赞扬，荣誉，功劳

D. 学分

is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在这四个国家中,英格兰最大,为了方便起见,它大致被划分为三个地区。

（1）convenience n. 方便,便利的事物,方便的时候,便利品

convenient adj. 方便的,便利的

@

inconvenient adj.不方便的

注意：convenient做表语时，主语不能是人。

it is convenient for do sth.方便某人做某事

at one’s convenience 在……方便的时候

for the convenience of 为……方便起见

be convenient to sb.对某人方便

for (the sake of) convenience 为了方便起见

make a convenience of sb.(乘机)利用某人

—

if it suits one’s convenience 如果对某人方便

convenience food/store 方便食品/便利店

◆即学即练

根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。

(1)Come and see me whenever ____________.（你方便的时候）

(2)I keep my reference books near my desk ___________. (以求方便)

(3)Gas is one of the_____________(现代化便利设施)the newly-built apartment building provides.

(4)You may come and get it _____________.(你方便时)

'

答案：(1)it is convenient to you (2)for convenience

(3)modern conveniences (4)at your convenience

（1）根据语境猜词义

(1)The rough waves rolled the ship along.

(2)The cloth feels rough.

(3)Don't be so rough with her.

(4)The migrant workers have had a rough life.

(5)This is just a rough plan.

?

根据语义找匹配

A．粗略的；大概的B．狂暴的；颠簸的；波涛汹涌的

C．粗野的；粗暴的；厉害的D．粗糙的；高低不平的E．艰苦的

答案(1)B(2)D(3)C(4)E (5)A

8.It’s a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.

It’s a pity that.... it 作形式主语

(1) I tried to attract her attention, but failed.

?

(2) Venice is one of the great tourist attractions of the world.

根据语义找匹配

A. 具有吸引力的事物

B. 吸引

链接

attraction n. 吸引；吸引力；吸引人的东西

attractive adj. 有吸引力的

attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力

用attract的正确形式填空

&

In Beijing, there are many (1) _________,like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Tian'an men Square. But what (2) ________ me most is the Great Wall, which is also (3) ________ to the foreigners. More and more foreigners are (4) ________ by the beauty and come to China.

attractions attracts attractive attracted

find most of the population settled in the south.....

settle v. 安家，安居；解决

settler n.定居者

settled adj.固定（下来）的，安定的

settlement n. 定居

reach a settlement 和解

*

settle down 定居下来

settle in (使）熟悉或习惯于（新居、工作等）

settle a question=solve a question 解决问题

It’s settled that....=It’s now decided (that)....已决定

country is left out

leave out 遗漏；不提及；不包括

leave…alone 不管；别惹；撇下。。。一个人

leave aside 搁置一边

;

leave for 动身去

leave off 停止某事

leave out 删去，省去

leave sth. behind 留下；遗忘(没拿) ；遗留

leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事

leave word 留下话（口信）

用leave短语的适当形式填空

I was working busily when I got my wife's call that there was something wrong with my son. So I had

to (1) ______ the work ______. Just then, my secretary came in, telling me something about the tomorrow's meeting. I shouted at her, ‘Don't talk to me. (2) _______ me ______.” Then I wrote a letter to my manager for 3 days' off. After that, I(3) _____my office ____ my hometown.

/

leave aside Leave alone left for

example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰、和苏格兰在教育体制和立法体制上都着不同。在参加世界杯之类的比赛时，他们有着各自的足球队！

复习as well as用法

must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.如果你想要使你的英语之旅令人愉快又不虚此行的话，你就必须留心观察。

复习keep, worthwhile及worth, worthy的区别

be (well)worth doing be worthy of being done be worthy to be done

It’s worthwhile to do sth. It’s worthwhile doing sth.

Part 3. Learning about Language

1.~

2.take the place of 代替，取代

take place 发生；举行（不及物动词词组，无被动语态）

take one’s place 取代某人的职务

in place of=instead of 代替，取代

in place在适当的位置；在原处

in the first place 最初，首先，第一

.用place 的短语填空：

(1)We instructed her to leave everything________________，just as she found it.

：

(2)Mr Smith will go to Beijing next month，when a new English teacher will teach us__________him.

(3)Sending e-mail has almost________________writing letters.

(4)Can you tell me what changes have____________since the telephone was invented

答案：(1)in place(2)in place of(3)taken the place of(4)taken place

2.pick up

（1）拾起，捡起

Jack turned over the wallet he had picked up in the street to the police. 杰克把在街上捡到的钱包交给了警察?

He picked up the dictionary at hand and began to look up the new word in it. 他拿起手边的词典开始查找这个生词?

：

（2）中途搭载乘客，接人

The train stopped several times to pick up passengers. 火车沿途停了好几次,让乘客上车?

Wait here and I’ll pick you up at two o’clock. 在这儿等着,两点钟我来接你?

（3）意外发现，学到，获得

Looking through the evening paper last night,I picked up a wonderful poem. 昨晚在浏览晚报时,我意外发现了一首好诗?

While working in the factory,the students picked up a great deal of imformation on machinery. 在工厂劳动期间,学生们学到了许多关于机械方面的知识?

（4）收拾，整理

The teacher told the students to pick up everything on the floor and get the room tidy before they went out . 老师告诉学生们在出去之前把地上的东西收拾起来,把房间整理干净?

~

（5）重提(话题)，重新开始，继续

She picked up the story where she had left it yesterday. 她接着昨天没有讲完的故事往下讲?

He left for two years and then came back expecting to pick up where they had left off. 他离开(她)两年后又回来了,希望重新开始他们的关系?

（6）(从电台?收音机)收听，接收

I managed to pick up an American news broadcast. 我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播?

It is necessary to use a long wave radio to pick up the “Follow Me” program. 必须用一台长波收音机才能收听到“跟我学”这个节目?

3.They had no time to arrange their own wedding....

arrange v. 安排；排列；协商

)

常用结构：

arrange for(sth) 安排,准备

arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事

It’s not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。arrange to do sth. 安排做某事

arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事

arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定某事

arrange that+(should)do sth. 安排

~

He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week.

=He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.他已安排好将会议延期一周。

语境活用

Now everything for the conference to be held tomorrow （已准备就绪）. I have

(安排Tom开车去接) the experts at the airport. I’m to

(安排接见) after that.

答案：has been arranged arranged for Tom to pick up arrange to meet

语法精讲

>

过去分词作宾补

作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系

1.及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词

之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。

例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。

2. 少数不及物动词如go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。

例如：She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。

3. 动词seat, hide, dress, lose, devote 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。

例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。

《

需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况

1.使役动词get ,have ,make, keep，leave等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：“致使某人或某事被…”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.

Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.

2 .感官动词feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：“感受到某人或某事被做”。

I was sleeping when I heard my name called.

He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.

I saw him beaten by his mother.

（

3. 表示“意欲；命令”的动词如：like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be ，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”

I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible

He didn’t want such question discussed at the meeting.

The father wants his daughter taught the piano.

1感feel 1闻smell 1发现find

2听hear, listen to,

3情感want, wish, like

4使役keep, leave, get, have, make

)

4看watch, notice, see, look at, observe catch

+Sth./sb. done

4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态，这时过去分词改作主语补足语，说明主语所处

的状态.

The door was found broken.

5.“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：

The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.

凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）

[

With water heated, we can see the steam.

水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）

With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）

注意：

在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。

She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他（fix one’s eyes on 为固定短语，因此，不可将句中fixed 换为fixing ）

He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。

用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时，用现在分词的形式。

%

She felt her heart beating fast. 她觉得心跳很快。（beat 意为“心跳”，是不及物动词）

掌握“使役动词have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义

在“ have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用get.这一结构具有以下几种含义：

1.意为“主语请别人做某事”。例如：

He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）2. 意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。例如：

Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 当心，否则会弄伤手的。

3. 意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。例如：

？

He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）

4..过去分词与不定式,现在分词作宾补的区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不定式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。

I saw her taken out of the classroom.

I saw her come into the classroom.

I saw her coming into the classroom.

省略to的情况：

1）情态动词( 除ought 外，ought to)：

2）使役动词let, have, make：

）

3）感官动词see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.

语法专练

1．Li Hua hopes that his English teacher will suggest a good way to have his English________in a short period of time.

A．improved B．improving C．to improve D．improve

解析：句意为：李华希望他的英语老师提出一个好方法，能使他的英语可以在短时间内得以提高。

本题考查have 这一短语的使用。因English与动词improve之间是被动关系，故选A项。B、D项表主动关系，故排除。答案：A

、

2．When the minister came to the snow-stricken area，he was happy to see the disaster victims well________.

A．take care of B．took care of C．taken care of D．taking care of

解析：考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和语意可以看出victims 与take care of 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语。答案：C

3．Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues________with her stories. A．amused B．amusing C．to amuse D．to be amused

解析：句意为：Lucy很有幽默感，总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。考查非谓语动词作宾补。首先排除C、D，因为keep 后不用不定式作宾补。amused 觉得好笑的；amusing 逗人笑的，令人觉得好笑的。答案：A

4．The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself________by a young man in black.

A．was followed B．followed C．following D．had been followed

;

解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语意可知，follow和herself之间是动宾关系，因此用动词的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。注意：found后不是句子，A、D两项可直接排除。答案：B

5．Television has so many keeps us________about the________news，and it also provides entertainment in the home.

A．informed；latest B．to know；later C．learning；later D．to think；latest

解析：本题考查keep 的结构以及形容词的最高级的用法。句意为“电视有如此多的好处，它使我们知道最新的消息，而且给我们在家里提供娱乐”。根据句意可知第一个空白处应用informed作us 的宾语补足语，表示“我们被告知”，而the latest news则表示“最新消息”。答案：A

bathroom looks you decorate it yourself or get someone __________it

A．be doing B．done C．do D．to do

解析：选D。该句考查get do sth.结构，表示“让某人做某事”，所以这里选D项。

found her husband surrounded by letters and papers and __________ very worried.

%

A．look B．looks C．looking D．to look

解析：选C。句意：怀特夫人发现她的丈夫被信件和文件包围着，看起来非常担心。surrounded by letters and papers和looking very worried都是分词短语作宾语补足语，前者表示被动,后者表示主动。

the Minister came to the snowstriken area,he was happy to see the disaster victims well________. A．take care of B．took care of C．taken care of D．taking care of

解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和句意可以看出victims与take care of存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语。

9.“Once people think you are a liar，it’s hard ________，no matter what you’ll say,”father warned his son.

A．for you to make yourself believe B．for you to make yourself believed

C．of you to make yourself believing D．of you to make yourself believe

【

解析：选B。考查句型It is hard for do sth.和词组make oneself done。句意为：父亲警告儿子说：“一旦人们认为你是个骗子，那么无论你说什么，都很难让人相信你。”

10.—Can I help you，sir

—I’m afraid you have my students’ papers ________.

A．to be graded B．graded C．to grade D．grade

解析：选C。所填词作使役动词have的宾语补足语，逻辑主语是have的宾语my students’papers，两者是被动关系，用不定式的主动式表被动的意义,选C项。

Part 4. Using Language

1.Worried about the time available.....

(1)worried about...为过去分词短语作状语，表原因。

'

①Well-known for his expert advice，he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs.他的足智多谋广为人知，因此他能帮助很多人解决私事。

②Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry.被故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。

③When I opened the door，I found him seated in the chair，absorbed in his magazine.当我打开门，发现他坐在椅子上，专心看杂志。

(2)available adj.

可利用的；有用的；可用到的We’ve already used up all the available space. 所有可用的空间我们都用上了。

可得到的TV sets are available in any department store.电视机在任何一家百货公司都能买到。

有空的The doctor is not available now.那位医生现在没空。

有效的This film ticket is no longer available.这张电影票不再有效。

2.\

3.Her first delight was going to the Tower.

delight n. 快乐;高兴;喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜

常用结构:

take/find/have delight in 喜爱;以……为乐

to one’s delight 令某人高兴的是……

delight in(doing) sth. 喜欢（做）某事

delight sb. with sth. 某物使某人高兴

be delighted at sth./to do sth./that-clause 对……感到高兴

【

Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.

有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时光的人们带来喜悦。

The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children.电影《喜羊羊与灰太郎》使千万小朋友获得快乐。

His parents were delighted at the news that he had won the first prize.

He takes great delight in proving others wrong.他以证实别人出错为一大快事。

(1)单项填空

,the bookseller gave him something else as a present.

A. To the boy’s delight

B. To the boy’s surprising

C. To the boy’s sadness

D. To make the boy’s happy

、

remain的用法：

（1）用作联系动词，指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态，意为“仍然；依旧”，“留；呆；住；待”，后面可接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。

1）接名词作表语It remained a secret. 这仍然是个秘密。

2）接形容词作表语

Whatever achievements you’ve made, you should remain modest. 无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚。

3）接介词短语作表语

He had to remain in hospital until he was better. 他不得不一直住院直到身体好些。

4）接分词作表语接过去分词作表语,表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作；现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的主动动作。

！

The guests came in, but she remained sitting at the desk reading.客人们都来了，但她还坐在写字台旁读书。

As before, he remained unmoved. 他和以往一样无动于衷。

（2）用作不及物动词，意思是“剩下；剩余；遗留”，此时不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态。

After the fire, very little remained of his house. 火灾过后，他的家所剩无几。

After the earthquake, very little remained of the city of Tangshan. 地震过后，唐山这座城市所剩无几。（3）指某事“尚待、有待于以后被处置”，后面常接不定式的被动形式，表示主语是不定式的承受者。Many problems remain to be solved. 有好多问题尚待解决。

It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你是否正确，以后见分晓。

（4）`

（5）remain作名词remain作名词时表示“剩余物”,一般用其复数形式。

The archeologists found some remains of the Song Dynasty.考古学家发现了一些宋代遗迹。

（5）remaining的用法remaining是形容词,意为“剩余的”,常作前置定语；而left则只能作后置定语。There are still some apples left. 还剩余一些苹果。

I bought a gift for her with the remaining money. 我用剩余的钱给她买了一件礼物。

4.There followed St Paul’ s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. 接着参观的是圣保罗大教堂，它是公元1666年伦敦大火以后建造的。

句式分析There followed意为接着，随后，是倒装句型。

当here, there位于句首时,主语是名词且没有宾语时,句子需要完全倒装,即整个谓语动词提到主语之前。与此用法相同的还有now, then, thus, in, out, away, down, up, off, back, over等。如:

^

Away flew the plane. 飞机起飞了。

Out came my aunt. 我姑姑出来了。

句式仿写

孩子们冲了出来。Out rushed the children.

looked splendid when first built!刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！

when first built相当于when it was first built。在状语从句中，若前后主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略。

When first introduced to the market, the goods enjoyed a wonderful success.当首次引入市场时，这种产品就取得了巨大的成就。

归纳拓展

"

状语从句的省略除上述情况外，还有以下几种情形：

(1)从属连词+形容词。如：

①The article is very important though(it is)short．那篇文章虽然短，但很重要。

Come tomorrow if(it is)possible．可能的话就明天来吧。

(2)从属连词+名词。常用的连词有when，till和until等。如：

①Please stop making repairs to the truck until(you get)further notice．请停止修理这辆卡车，等候进一步通知。

②)While(he was)yet a youth，he gained many prizes．他年轻时就曾多次获奖。

(3)从属连词+现在分词。如：

、

she sat there alone as if(she were)thinking of something．她独自坐在那儿，像是在想什么。

(4)从属连词+副词。如：

While(he was)there，he made a few good friends．在那里的那段时间他结交了几位好朋友。

(5)从属连词+介词短语。如：

①Whenever(you are)in difficulty，you can come to me for help．你无论什么时候遇到困难，都可以找我帮忙。

②He caught a cold while(he was)on vacation．他度假时患了感冒。

contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare.

in memory of 为了纪念

:

词汇扩展：

memory n.记性；记忆力memorize v. 记住，记忆（某事物）

memorial n.纪念碑，纪念物memorable adj. 值得纪念的，容易记住的

second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time.第二天，(萍玉）姑娘参观了格林尼治天文台，看到了古老的轮船和那座著名的为世界定时的钟。

set 相关短语

①set about （doing)开始做(某事)

The girl attendant has set about cleaning the room. 那位女服务员已开始打扫房间。

② set apart 分开放, 隔离开

\

Set the fighting boys apart. 把打架的男孩拉开。

③ set aside 把......放置一旁, 不理会

Setting the chair aside, he sat on the floor. 他把椅子搁到一旁, 坐在地板上。

I warn them not to do it, but my objections were set aside. 我警告他们不要那样做, 但他们没有理会。

④ set down 记下

He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them. 他被要求根据记忆把事实写下来。

⑤ set off 出发, 动身

He proposed to set off immediately. 他建议立即动身。

【

⑥ set out (to do)着手做

1.动身, 出发

A visitor arrived just as we were setting out for the airport. 我们正要前往机场时来了一位客人。

2.着手, 开始

The government has set out to make many needed reforms. 政府开始进行许多必要的改革。

⑦ set up 创立；成立

set forth 陈述；阐明

set the world time 调整世界时间

（

set an example to 给。。。树立榜样

set...free 释放

set fire to/set...on fire点火

set sail 起航

interested her was the longitude line.最令她感兴趣的是经纬线。

What interests/interested sb.(most) is/was...最令某人感兴趣的是……

seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎很奇怪：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。

句中that 引导的从句为主语从句，在主语从句中who had developed communism 为定语从句。'

在“It is/was necessary/important/strange/incredible”及“It is a pity/a shame/no wonder”之后由that引导的主语从句中用“should+v.”的形式，should可省略。此处“should have+v. ed分词”结构用来表示“竟然已经……;居然已经……”，表示说话人对已经出现的事态感到“惊奇、惊喜、怀疑”等。

It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once.有必要马上派他到那里去。

It is strange that the wheel should turn so slowly.真奇怪，这个轮子竟然转动得如此慢。

It is a great pity/shame/that he should be so conceited.真遗憾，他竟会这样自高自大。

单项填空

①—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.

—You . You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.

A. Will

B. may

C. have to

D. should

/

②fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.

A. Would you be

B. Should you be

C. Could you be

D. Might you be

解析：①选D。should意为“应该”，多表示某事宜做、应当做或必须做，强调主观方面。根据所提供的情景“You haven t been in touch with him for ages”可知，由于多年没有联系，所以应该给Bob打电话。will意为“将”。may意为“可以”。have to意为“不得不”，表示因客观原因不得不做某事。

②选B。考查虚拟条件句的倒装。虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should或had时, 可省略if，再把were, should或had 移至从句的句首，变为倒装。句意为：即使你被解雇了，医疗保障和其他福利也不会立刻中断。

she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum.

thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊n.兴奋；紧张

It's a sight that never fails to thrill me. 那是一种永远让我激动不已的景象。

(

(1)give thrill to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事让某人感到激动

(2) thrilled adj.兴奋的，激动的

be thrilled at/about/with sth. 对某事感到兴奋

(3) thrilling adj.令人感到兴奋的

(2010·福建厦门六中高三检测)Tom was thrilled captain of our school football team.

choose be chosen have been chosen have chosen

解析：动词不定式的完成式作主语补足语。choose动作发生在“thrill”之前，故用完成式。

答案：C

#

felt very proud of her country.

be/feel proud of =take pride in 为。。。感到骄傲

may have a few problems understanding the guide.

have problems(in)doing sth.

have no/some/much difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事无/有些/许多困难

的不同含义及其相应的句型

consider意为“考虑”时, 其后可跟:

1）名词或代词:

{

We must consider the matter from different standpoints.

我们应当从各个角度来考虑一下这件事。

We must consider it very carefully. 我们应仔细地考虑它。

2）从句:

We must consider what”s to be done. 我们必须考虑该怎么办。

He considered how he should answer. 他考虑应当怎样回答。

3）“疑问词＋不定式”:

Have you considered how to get there 你是否考虑过如何到那里

^

We have to consider what material to use first. 我们先得考虑用什么材料。

注意: consider作“考虑”解时, 不能直接接不定式。

4）动名词:

He considered going to see them in person. 他考虑亲自去看望他们。

He is considering changing his job. 他在考虑调换一下工作。

consider意为“认为, 以为, 把……看作”, 其后可跟:

1）从句:

We consider that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 我们认为患难之友才是真正的朋友。

}

2）名词的复合结构（即名词作宾语补足语）:

We consider Beijing the heart of our country. 我们认为北京是我国的心脏。

3）带形容词的复合结构:

They considered me too young to do the work. 他们认为我太年轻, 干不了这项工作。

4）带不定式的复合结构:

We consider only such methods to be correct. 我们认为只有这样的方法才是正确的。

注意: 不定式后主要是be, 间或为其它动词（多为完成式）。

We all considered hi m to have stolen Tom”s wallet. 我们都以为是他偷了汤姆的钱包。

·

5）带介词短语的复合结构:

We always consider these people as our true comrades.

我们一向认为这些人是我们真正的同志。

6）带“it形式宾语＋形容词＋真正宾语（动词不定式、从句等）”:

We consider it our duty to help her. 我们认为帮助她是我们的职责。

I consider it a great pleasure that I can work with you.

我觉得能和你在一起工作是极大的快乐。

注意: consider作“认为”解时, 一般不接动名词。

重点句型

14 There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.没有必要再去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。

there is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事

联想拓展

there is no doubt that... ………是毫无疑问的

there is no possibility that... ……是没有可能的

there’s no point in doing sth. 做……没用/没意义

It’s no good/ no harm/ no use doing sth.做某事没有好处/害处/用处

there’s no use/no good/ no point（in）doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处/意义

It is no wonder that...难怪……

There is no need to worry at all.根本没必要着急。

There is no point in complaining; they never take any notice.埋怨没用，人家根本不理睬。

运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵

(1)_______________ (没有必要) to debate about the fact that no other museum can

(2)___________________ (取代) the British Museum, which is an (3)______________ (吸引) for tourists

from all over the world. The British Museum (4)_____________ (由……组成) nine show-rooms, one of which is the show-room of China. It (5)_______________ ( 被分成) several parts to display different objects from China. When you look around the show-room, it may seem strange to you that Britain should have taken so many valuable things from China. For your visiting the museum, if you don't have enough time (6)_______________ (可利用的) and don't want to (7)_______________ (漏掉) anything, my only suggestion to you is that you (8)_________________ (列清单) the things you want to see and keep your eyes open during the visit.

答案：There is no need take the place of attraction consists of

is divided into available leave out make a list of

跟踪训练

Ⅰ.单项填空

1．They __________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

A．will B．can C．must D．should

解析：选D。句意为：他们本应该午餐时间到达，可是他们的飞机晚点了。本题考查情态动词的用法。can用在疑问句和否定句中，意为：可能；must have done表示推测，意为：一定做过；should have done 表示(过去)本应该做而没做。根据句意可知答案为D项。

2．There are plenty of jobs________in the western part of the country.

A．present B．available C．precious D．convenient

解析：选B。句意为：在那个国家西部地区有许多工作供你选择。present 目前的，现在的(前置定语)；出席的,在场的(后置定语)；available可用的，可得到的，可达到的；precious 宝贵的，珍贵的；convenient 方便的，便利的。

3．Shella forgot all about the dog and the TV set，________in the new magazine that had come in the mail. A．deeply lost B．deeply losing C．was deeply lost D．and deeply lost

解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。deeply lost为过去分词作状语，表示原因。句意为：由于Shella沉迷于邮件中的新杂志，所以她忘记了狗和电视。

no means will she move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn’t for her family and herself.

【答案与解析】B考查形容词辨析。句意:她无论如何也不会搬到离工作地点远的地方去住,因为这对她的家人和自己都不。前后两句为因果关系,结合选项可知此处意为“方便的”,convenient符合题意。

5.(2012河南省郸城高三月考)Niagara Falls is a great tourist

drawing millions of visitors from all parts of the world every year.

【答案与解析】B考查名词辨析。空格后的部分为后置定语,意为“每年都吸引来自全世界各地的几百万游客”,由此可知答案为attraction,意为“吸引人的事物”。

headmaster for me to show

the visitors around our school.

【答案与解析】C 考查动词辨析。句意:我们校长我带领客人参观我们学校。空格后的结构为“for sb to do sth”,选项中只有arrange可与之搭配,意为“安排某人做某事”。其余选项搭配分别应为“ask/ want sb to do sth”和“let sb do sth”。

7. , they found that he was gradually

recovering.

their much delight much delight

much their delight to their delight

【答案与解析】D考查固定短语。句意:使他们大为高兴的是,他们发现他正在逐渐地恢复。(much) to one s delight为固定搭配,意为“使某人大为高兴的是”。

7.(2011福建省厦门市同安第一中学高三期中)At first he refused to admit he had stolen but when he was shown the videotape, he and admitted everything.

up away down in

【答案与解析】C考查动词短语辨析。句意:最初,他拒不承认偷了东西,但是,当给他看录像时,他并承认了一切。根据句意可知,此处表示他在证据面前“崩溃了”,break down符合题意要求。

8.(2012河北省唐山市高三摸底考试)When copying the letter, pay special attention not to any words.

alone out behind aside

【答案与解析】B考查动词短语辨析。句意:当抄写这封信的时候注意不要任何单词。根据句意以及选项可知,“遗漏”符合题意,故答案为leave out。

can not happiness.

place place of of the place of

【答案与解析】D考查动词短语辨析。句意:金钱无法幸福。空格处在情态动词can之后,故空格处应用动词原形,C项为介词短语可排除;根据句意并结合选项可知,此处应意为“代替”,take the place of符合题意要求。

10．John opened the door. There he had never

seen before.

girl stand girl stood a girl stand a girl

【答案与解析】D句意:约翰把门打开。在那儿,站着一个他以前从未见过的女孩儿。根据第二个句子句首的there以及句子的主语a girl可判断出,该句须用全部倒装句,A、B项均不是倒装句,C项为部分倒装句,只有D项正确。

a moment nothing all

shouting together.

had come voices would come voices come

【答案与解析】B句意:一时间,什么都没发生。之后大家一起大叫起来。本句中副词then位于句首,且句子主语为名词voices,故该句须用全部倒装,B项符合要求。