2011年9月高级口译听力原文和句子段落翻译

Huston USA

Federal Authorities have shut down dozens of web domains as part of a crackdown on trafficking in counterfeit goods or copyright works. Internet users are attempting to access the websites now are greeted by a notice that the sites have been seized by the department of homeland securities, immigration and customers enforcement. The coordinated federal-run enforcement operation targeted online retailers of a diverse aray of counterfeit goods, including sports equipment, shoes, handbags and sunglasses, as well as illegal copies of copy-righted DVD box sets, music and software. The justice department said the crackdown involved the seizure of 82 sites. Twelve of the cases were investigated by the Huston-based agency with homeland security investigations. But most of the sites are based overseas, particularly in East Asia according to the Huston office of homeland security investigations.

King Balia, Australia.

South Africa and Australia have said the next managing director of the International Monetary Fund should be appointed on merit and not nationality. The penal say the current appointment system undermines the IMF’s legitimacy. The body has always been headed by a European and UK chancellor George Asborn has backed Christian Legard, French Economy Minister for the post. The position is vacant after Dominic’s Drownscon resigned last week. So he could fight sexual assault charges. For too long, the IMF’s legitimacy has been undermined by a convention

to a pointed senior management on the basis of their nationality. Australian Treasure Wan Sworn and South African Finance Minister Proven Gordon sealed a joint statement. In order to maintain trust, credibility and legitimacy in the eyes of its state coders, there must be an open and transparent selection process, which results in the most competent person being appointed as managing director regardless of their nationality.

Carbo Afghanistan

Suicide bombers wielding machine guns have stormed a government building in eastern Afghanistan, officials say. Initial reports say at least three gunmen wearing suicide vests shot their way into the traffic police headquarters in a coast city. Security forces have surrounded the compound and the gun battle has taken place, police say. At least one person is reported to have been killed. The attack comes a day after a suicide bombing in Cabul killed at least six. In the latest attack, a guard was killed in the initial assault which happened above five o’clock on Sunday, so the army commander for a coast province. The provincial police chief told local news agency that there were three other police officers who had been wounded. The Taliban said it carried out the attack.

Wonden, UK

The first service that allows users to pay for purchases, the other mobile phone has been launched in the UK. Users wishing to use the system don’t quick tap while need all range and Barkly card accounts as well as a handset set up for contact less payments. The idea of the mobile wallet is gaining popularity around Europe. Having a wallet on my phone has made it much more convenient to make purchases on the move and I like that it allows me to keep track of what I’m spending as I go, said David Chen, Chief Executive of Barkly card consumer. Later this summer, users will also be able to use the service to pay the toll on the else six motorway.

Ricy Weke, Iceland

The Icelandic authorities have imposed a local flight ban after the country’s most active volcano Greensvoton began erupting. A plume of smoke was in twelve miles into the sky from the volcano. But Iceland Metrological office says the eruption should not cause wide spread disruption to air traffic. Last year, ash clouds from another Icelandic volcano led to the closure of a large section of European airspace. Governments fear that ash particles could cause aircraft engines to fail and the closure cost chaos to air travellers. The Icelandic civil aviation authority has imposed a flight ban of 120 nautical miles around Greensvoton. The authority spokeswoman said we have closed the area until we know better what affect the ash will have. The ash in Greensvoton is more course and is not likely to cause danger as it falls to the ground faster. And doesn’t stay as long in the air, as the eruption last year. Domestic Airline Icelandic Airline said no traffic had been affected.

Question 6. The US Federal Authorities shut down 82 websites trafficking in counterfeit goods, in which part of the world are most of these sites based?

Question 7. On which of the following factors should IMF boss be appointed according to Australian and South African officials?

Question 8. At least how many people are reported to have been killed when suicide bombers stormed at Afghanistan police base on Sunday?

Question 9. What new service has recently been offered to UK shoppers?

Question 10. Which of the following is TRUE about the latest eruption of Iceland’s most active volcano?

Sentence 1

In the education circles, homework opponents argue that homework damage the physical, emotional, and mental health of children by reducing the amount of time they have to play and get fresh air.

译文：在教育圈，反对家庭作业的人认为家庭作业减少了孩子们玩耍和去室外呼吸新鲜空气的时间，从而损害了孩子们的生理，情感以及心理健康。

Sentence 2

Most of us tend to believe that competition is good and that competition fairly handled can generally stimulate more efficiency in production, grater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers.

译文：我们大多数人认为竞争是好的，而且处理得当的竞争关系一般能够刺激生产更高的效率，更好的产品以及对消费者来说，更低的产品价格。

Sentence 3

Intellectual property crimes are not victimless. The theft of ideas and the sale of counterfeit goods threaten economic opportunities and financial stability, suppress innovation, and destroy jobs.

译文：知识产权犯罪并不是没有受害人的。盗取他人的观点，销售假冒产品威胁了经济机会和金融稳定，抑制了创新，毁掉了就业。

Sentence 4

People now sleep about 20% less than they did a century ago. One 2010 poll of 1000 Americans found 36% are drowsy or fall asleep when they are driving, and 29% become very sleepy at work. 译文：现在人们的睡眠时间相比一个世纪以前减少了20%。2010的一份有1000位美国人参与的民意调查显示，36%的美国人在开车时都昏昏欲睡或者睡着，29%的人在工作时非常困乏。

Sentence 5

Destabilizing factors and uncertainties are clearly on the rise in our region. The impact of international financial crisis can still be felt and problems such as terrorist forces and drug trafficking are becoming more pronounced.

译文：不稳定因素以及不确定性在我们这一地区正明显上升。国际金融危机的影响依然能够感受到，诸如恐怖主义力量以及非法毒品交易等问题也变得更加明显。

1. Globally, alcohol consumption has increased in recent decades, with all or most of that increase in developing countries. This increase is often occurring in countries with few methods of prevention, control or treatment. The rise in alcohol consumption in developing countries provides ample cause for concern over the possible rise in alcohol related problems in those regions of the world. There is increasing evidence that besides volume of alcohol, the pattern of the drinking is relevant for the health outcomes. Overall, there is a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and more than 60 types of disease and injury. Worldwide alcohol costs

2.5 million death,

3.8% of total. The burden is not equally distributed among all the countries.

在全球范围内，酒精消费在近几十年内都在增长，几乎大部分消费都发生在发展中国家。这些增长通常发生在缺乏预防、控制和治疗措施的国家中。因为发展中国家酒精消费的增长，人们开始关心酒精可能带来的相关问题的增多。有越来越多的证据表明，除了酒精含量，饮酒方式也与健康息息相关。总的来说，超过60种的疾病和伤亡都与酒精消费有关。在世界各地，酒精造成了250万人死亡，占全球死亡人数的3.8%。对此，世界各国要负的责任不是均等的。

2. Traditional medicine is the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain health, as well as to prevent, diagnose or treat physical and mental illnesses. Traditional medicine that has been adopted by other populations (outside its indigenous culture) is often termed alternative or complementary medicine. Herbal medicines include herbs, herbal preparations, and finished herbal products that contain parts of plants as active ingredients. In some Asian and African countries, 80% of the population depend on traditional medicine for primary health care. In many developed countries, 70% to 80% of the population has used some form of alternative or complementary medicine, such as acupuncture.

传统医学是保持健康以及预防、诊断或治疗身心疾病方面所使用的以不同文化固有的理论、信仰和经验为基础的知识、技能和实践总和。其他人群所采用的传统医学（不属于其本土文化范畴）通常被称作替代或补充医学。草药医学包括药草、草药制剂和草药成品，其中包含作为有效成分的植物部分。在亚洲和非洲一些国家，80%的人口依赖传统医学提供初级卫生

保健。在许多发达国家，70%-80%的人口使用某种形式的替代或补充医学,例如针灸。

原文：

西塘是一个具有一千多年历史的水乡古镇，保存完好的明清时期建筑群是其他旅游景点所无法相比的。徜徉古镇街头，使人们仿佛置身于一副美丽的水墨画之中。河两岸高耸的粉墙和水中清晰的瓦房倒影，还有那在微风里婆娑摇曳的杨柳，似乎都在为这个古镇增添着异彩和生机。

在这个宁静的水镇里，生活的脚步似乎完全听命于那淌着潺潺流水的河流。西塘可以说是水的同义词。这里的河流是那样的蜿蜒曲折、波光粼粼，映射出一派宁静祥和的街景。夜幕降临，河岸边数千盏灯笼与晚霞一并点燃，把整个小镇映衬得灯火通明，为镇民们照亮了回家的路。

答案：

Xitang, a river-side town with a history of more than 1,000 years, boasts a group of well-preserved buildings from Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty that are unmatched

by any other resorts. Take a free walk in its streets, and you will feel as if you were in a picturesque Chinese ink painting. The high-standing white wall on both sides of the river and the clear reflection of tile-roofed houses in the water as well as the willows waving and dancing in the breeze all vividly bring life and vigor to the town.

In this tranquility, the pace of life seems to be harmoniously subject to the gurgling streams. The name of the town Xitang is a synonym of water. The winding rivers with sparkling ripples give away the tranquility it has acquired. As the fall of night ignites thousands of lanterns along the riverbanks and set off the sunset glow, the whole town become ablaze with light and illuminates the way home for its residents.

解析：

本文是一篇旅游景点介绍文，原文中运用了大量的修辞和拟人手法，翻译起来有一定的难度。为了让读者能够有身临其境的感觉，原文词藻优美，诗意盎然；但是，英文的行文强调结构严谨，提倡清晰明了的结构脉络，这对于译者的挑战就比较大了。

本文译者在进行翻译的时候，用了很多十分地道的英文表达方式，比如说boasts …以及ignites…，这些用词不仅能够恰当地将原文的意思表达清楚，而且能够让这些画面跃然纸上，弥补了在汉译英过程中所丢失的中文意境；此外，译者在翻译某些中文句子时进行了句式转换，比如说“在这个宁静的水镇里”，译者将其处理成了in this tranquility，这样就比较符合英文的表达方式了。

总而言之，在处理这类文意比较优美的中文时，首先应当注意先将原文意思正确地用英文表达出来；在此基础上，再去推敲是否可以用一些更为地道的英文来表达。当然，这也需要大家平常在学习的过程中有意识地去积累一些句式的常用表达法，这样，才能够在时间有限的考场上正常的发挥出来。

原文

In the coming decades, Europe’s influence on affairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reason fo r NATO’s increasing marginalization stems from the behavior. of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that —talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logistical and intelligence assets needed to project

military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military.

Political and demographic changes within Europe, as well as the United States, also ensure that the transatlantic alliance will lose prominence. In Europe, the E.U. project still consumes the attention of many, but for others, especially those in southern Europe facing unsustainable fiscal shortfalls, domestic economic turmoil takes precedence. No doubt, Europe’s security challenges are geographically, politically and psychologically less immediate to the population than its economic ones. Mounting financial problems and the imperative to cut deficits are sure to limit what Europeans can do militarily beyond their continent. It is true that the era in which Europe and transatlantic relations dominated U.S. foreign policy is over.

此次高口汉译英题型设计有些“唬人”，表面上一看，讨论国际间关系，话题比较陌生正式。实际上文章内容整体难度居中，符合历年高口标准。此次英译汉的难点主要在于部分偏政治词汇的处理，学生们需具备一定的政治话题词汇积累。

在处理这些词汇时，首先应注意政治词汇翻译强调用词正式，必须保证译文的权威感。并且一旦译文定稿，下文再出现同一单词不允许改变译文，确保全文统一。

词汇梳理

Forge：创造

Marginalization：边缘化

Stem from: 归因于

logistical and intelligence assets：后勤保障和情报资源

turmoil: 动乱

take precedence: 获得优先权

demographic: 人口的

transatlantic alliance：跨大西洋联盟

lose prominence：失去影响力

Mounting：不断增长的

参考译文：

在接下来的几十年里，欧洲对世界其他国家事务的影响力将会骤减，推动和定义21世纪将由世界上的其他地区来推动和定义。的确，北约不断被边缘化原因之一是归咎于它的欧洲成员国。在北约，各国独自做出重大决断；关于共同防御政策的谈判，到目前仍然还是停留在谈判阶段；对于细节的探讨，各方的协调都微乎其微；将军事力量投放到遥远战场上所需的许多后勤保障和情报资源也处于缺失状态。当冷战和苏联威胁都已被人淡忘，各国没有政治意愿向军队提供充足的公共资金。

欧洲内部及美国在政治和人口结构方面的变化清楚表明这将削减跨大西洋联盟的影响力。在欧洲，欧盟方案仍然受到了许多国家的关注，但是对于其他国家来说，特别是对于欧洲南部出现难以为继的财政赤字的国家来说，国内的经济动荡却是摆在国家面前首当其冲的问题。无疑，在地理、政治和心理层面，欧洲的安全挑战对于欧洲人的影响都不如经济问题那么紧迫。日益突出的金融问题和削减赤字的必要性必定会限制欧洲各国在欧洲大陆以外军事影响力。一个欧洲和跨大西洋关系主导美国外交政策的时代已经结束，这点毋庸置疑。